Melt treatment is well known to have an important influence on the properties of metallic glasses(MGs).However,for the MGs quenched from different melt temperatures with a quartz tube,the underlying physical origin re...Melt treatment is well known to have an important influence on the properties of metallic glasses(MGs).However,for the MGs quenched from different melt temperatures with a quartz tube,the underlying physical origin responsible for the variation of properties remains poorly understood.In the present work,we systematically studied the influence of melt treatment on the thermal properties of a Zr50Cu36Al14 glass-forming alloy and unveiled the microscopic origins.Specifically,we quenched the melt at different temperatures ranging from 1.1Tl to 1.5Tl(Tl is the liquidus temperature)to obtain melt-spun MG ribbons and investigated the variation of thermal properties of the MGs upon heating.We found that glass transition temperature,Tg,increases by as much as 36 K,and the supercooled liquid region disappears in the curve of differential scanning calorimetry when the melt is quenched at a high temperature up to 1.5Tl.The careful chemical analyses indicate that the change in glass transition behavior originates from the incorporation of oxygen and silicon in the molten alloys.The incorporated oxygen and silicon can both enhance the interactions between atoms,which renders the cooperative rearrangements of atoms difficult,and thus enhances the kinetic stability of the MGs.展开更多
Objective： To establish the method of real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in nasopharyngeat carcinoma （NPC） tissues. Methods： The total RNA was extracted from N...Objective： To establish the method of real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in nasopharyngeat carcinoma （NPC） tissues. Methods： The total RNA was extracted from NPC cell line CNE-2 and tissues with Trizol and then been transcribed reversely to cDNA, a method of real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in NPC tissues had been established, in which chronic nasopharyn-gitis patients＇ nasopharynx tissues treated as control group. Results： The expression of Survivin mRNA all could be detected either in CNE-2 cells, NPC tissues or in chronic nasopharyngitis patients＇ nasopharynx tissues, and there was higher the expression level of Survivin mRNA in NPC tissues than which in chronic nasopharyngitis patients＇ nasopharynx tissues, the difference was significant （P 〈 0.01）. The expression of Survivin mRNA could be detected both in stage Ⅰ ＋ Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ ＋ Ⅳ NPC, and there was no significant difference in relative quantifications of gene expression between these two groups （P 〉 0.05）. There was no relationship between Survivin mRNA expression and age and sex of NPC patients （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR is a rapid, effective and high sensitive method for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in NPC tissues. The overexpression of Survivin mRNA may play some roles in pathogenesis of NPC.展开更多
N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors(NMDARs)play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of neuronal injuries following a stroke insult;therefore,a plethora of preclinical studies focus on better understanding functions...N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors(NMDARs)play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of neuronal injuries following a stroke insult;therefore,a plethora of preclinical studies focus on better understanding functions of NMDARs and their associated signaling pathways.Over the past decades,NMDARs have been found to exert dual effects in neuronal deaths signaling and neuronal survival signaling during cerebral ischemia.Moreover,many complex intracellular signaling pathways downstream of NMDAR activation have been elucidated,which provide novel targets for developing much-needed neuro-protectants for patients with stroke.In this review,we will discuss the recent progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms of stroke related to NMDAR activation and the potential therapeutic strategies based on these discoveries.展开更多
The construction of modern school system has a rich connotation,its essence is system innovation,and the core is the construction of school internal management system.It is also a dynamic improvement process.Shanghai ...The construction of modern school system has a rich connotation,its essence is system innovation,and the core is the construction of school internal management system.It is also a dynamic improvement process.Shanghai is one of the leading cities to run schools in collectivization in China.Through innovative collectivization of school running content,it has increasingly become an innovation mechanism of regional education governance,which not only complies with the construction of modern school system but also plays an important role in promoting modern school governance in reform and practice.This research believes that educational collectivization is a new exploration of modern school system construction and provides a reference for future research.展开更多
In order to realize the high-quality and balanced development of the obligation education,school of collectivization has become an important measure.It promotes the fairness of education by expanding the coverage of h...In order to realize the high-quality and balanced development of the obligation education,school of collectivization has become an important measure.It promotes the fairness of education by expanding the coverage of high-quality education resources and sharing experience of education management.Its essence is the process of combining multiple individual schools in the region to form an organic organization of education group.In this process,school managers are faced with many problems such as remote management,increased difficulty in management,and increased cost of management.How to improve their leadership under collectivization has become a key issue of research.This study takes Jing'an District of Shanghai as an example,pays attention to the leadership of school managers under collectivization,in order to provide targeted suggestions for improving the leadership of school managers.This study analyzes the concept of school management leadership,and investigates the performance of three education groups and eight school managers in the aspects of structural leadership,teaching leadership,curriculum leadership and cultural value leadership.The study finds that school managers think that the main challenge after collectivization is the increase of management difficulty,followed by the expansion of school scale,insufficient policy support and insufficient resource allocation.In a word,these problems greatly affect the leadership level of school managers under collectivization.It thinks that school managers should optimize the organizational structure,build a modern school system,improve the professional level,promote the common development of teachers,build school culture and create a good organizational atmosphere to continuously improve their leadership.展开更多
m^(6)A methylation is the most frequent modification of mRNA in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating biological functions.Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins(IGF2BP)ar...m^(6)A methylation is the most frequent modification of mRNA in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating biological functions.Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins(IGF2BP)are newly identified m^(6)A‘readers’.They belong to a family of RNA-binding proteins,which bind to the m^(6)A sites on different RNA sequences and stabilize them to promote cancer progression.In this review,we summarize the mechanisms by which different upstream factors regulate IGF2BP in cancer.The current literature analyzed here reveals that the IGF2BP family proteins promote cancer cell proliferation,survival,and chemoresistance,inhibit apoptosis,and are also associated with cancer glycolysis,angiogenesis,and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment.Therefore,with the discovery of their role as‘readers’of m^(6)A and the characteristic re-expression of IGF2BPs in cancers,it is important to elucidate their mechanism of action in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.We also describe in detail the regulatory and interaction network of the IGF2BP family in downstream target RNAs and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic markers,as well as recent advances in IGF2BP biology and associated therapeutic value.展开更多
In order to satisfy the machining requirements of aero-engine casing in modern aviation industry, this paper investigates three main issues during the design and development process of a five-axis machine tool with hi...In order to satisfy the machining requirements of aero-engine casing in modern aviation industry, this paper investigates three main issues during the design and development process of a five-axis machine tool with high accuracy, stiffness and efficiency, including whole structure design,key components design, and supporting stiffness design. First, an appropriate structure of five-axis machine tool is determined considering the processing characteristics of aero-engine casing. Then, a dual drive swing head and a compact motorized spindle are designed with enough drive capability and stiffness, and related structure, assembly method, cooling technology, and performance simulation are given in detail. Next, a design method of supporting stiffness of guide is proposed through the deformation prediction of the spindle end. Based on above work, a prototype of machine tool is developed, and some experiments are carried out, including performance tests of swing head and motorized spindle, and machining of a simulated workpiece of aero-engine casing. All experimental results show that the machine tool has satisfactory accuracy, stiffness and efficiency, which meets the machining requirements of aero-engine casing. The main work can be used as references for engineers and technicians, which are meaningful in practice.展开更多
Moxa wool is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,which can warm channels to dispel coldness.At present,there is no unified index to evaluate the purity and growing years of moxa wool in the market.Terpineol is one o...Moxa wool is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,which can warm channels to dispel coldness.At present,there is no unified index to evaluate the purity and growing years of moxa wool in the market.Terpineol is one of the effective substances in the volatile oil of moxa wool.Here,we characterize the purity and growing years of moxa wool by studying terpineol.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)are the methods for monitoring terpineol at present,all of which have defects of complicated procedures.展开更多
Fiber lasers are a paradigm of dissipative systems,which distinguish themselves from a Hamilton system where energy is conservative.Consequently,pulses generated in a fiber laser are always accompanied by the continuo...Fiber lasers are a paradigm of dissipative systems,which distinguish themselves from a Hamilton system where energy is conservative.Consequently,pulses generated in a fiber laser are always accompanied by the continuous wave(CW).Under certain hypothesis,pulses generated in a fiber laser can be considered as a soliton,a product of a Hamilton system.Therefore,all the descriptions of solitons of a fiber laser are approximate.Coexistence of solitons and the CW from a fiber laser prevents unveiling of real nonlinear dynamics in fiber lasers,such as soliton interactions.Pulse behavior in a fiber laser can be represented by the state of single pulse,the state of period doubling of single pulse,the states of two pulses either tightly bound or loosely distributed,the states of three pulses,and various combinations of the above-mentioned states.Recently,soliton distillation was proposed and numerically demonstrated based on the nonlinear Fourier transform(NFT)[J.Lightwave Technol.39,2542(2021)].Solitons can be separated from the coherent CW background.Therefore,it is feasible to isolate solitons from CW background in a fiber laser.Here,we applied the NFT to various pulses generated in a fiber laser,including single pulse,single pulse in period doubling,different double pulses,and multiple pulses.Furthermore,with the approach of soliton distillation,the corresponding pure solitons of those pulses are reconstructed.Simulation results suggest that the NFT can be used to identify soliton dynamics excluding CW influence in a fiber laser,which paves a new way for uncovering real soliton interaction in nonlinear systems.展开更多
The properties of defect-induced ferromagnetism（d^0magnetism） in SiC belong to carbon-based material which has been systematically investigated after graphite.In this paper,we reviewed our research progress about d^...The properties of defect-induced ferromagnetism（d^0magnetism） in SiC belong to carbon-based material which has been systematically investigated after graphite.In this paper,we reviewed our research progress about d^0 magnetism in two aspects,i.e.,magnetic source and magnetic coupling mechanism.The V_（Si）V_C divacancies have been evidenced as the probable source of d^0 magnetism in SiC.To trace the ferromagnetic source in microscopic and electronic view,the p electrons of the nearest-neighbor carbon atoms,which are around the V_（Si）V_C divacancies,are sourced.For magnetic coupling mechanism,a higher divacancy concentration leads to stronger paramagnetic interaction but not stronger ferromagnetic coupling.So the d^0 magnetism can probably be explained as a local effect which is incapable of scaling up with the volume.展开更多
基金The work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFA0703600,2021YFA0716302,and 2021YFA0718703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51825104 and 52192602)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022T150691).
文摘Melt treatment is well known to have an important influence on the properties of metallic glasses(MGs).However,for the MGs quenched from different melt temperatures with a quartz tube,the underlying physical origin responsible for the variation of properties remains poorly understood.In the present work,we systematically studied the influence of melt treatment on the thermal properties of a Zr50Cu36Al14 glass-forming alloy and unveiled the microscopic origins.Specifically,we quenched the melt at different temperatures ranging from 1.1Tl to 1.5Tl(Tl is the liquidus temperature)to obtain melt-spun MG ribbons and investigated the variation of thermal properties of the MGs upon heating.We found that glass transition temperature,Tg,increases by as much as 36 K,and the supercooled liquid region disappears in the curve of differential scanning calorimetry when the melt is quenched at a high temperature up to 1.5Tl.The careful chemical analyses indicate that the change in glass transition behavior originates from the incorporation of oxygen and silicon in the molten alloys.The incorporated oxygen and silicon can both enhance the interactions between atoms,which renders the cooperative rearrangements of atoms difficult,and thus enhances the kinetic stability of the MGs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30460145).
文摘Objective： To establish the method of real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in nasopharyngeat carcinoma （NPC） tissues. Methods： The total RNA was extracted from NPC cell line CNE-2 and tissues with Trizol and then been transcribed reversely to cDNA, a method of real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in NPC tissues had been established, in which chronic nasopharyn-gitis patients＇ nasopharynx tissues treated as control group. Results： The expression of Survivin mRNA all could be detected either in CNE-2 cells, NPC tissues or in chronic nasopharyngitis patients＇ nasopharynx tissues, and there was higher the expression level of Survivin mRNA in NPC tissues than which in chronic nasopharyngitis patients＇ nasopharynx tissues, the difference was significant （P 〈 0.01）. The expression of Survivin mRNA could be detected both in stage Ⅰ ＋ Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ ＋ Ⅳ NPC, and there was no significant difference in relative quantifications of gene expression between these two groups （P 〉 0.05）. There was no relationship between Survivin mRNA expression and age and sex of NPC patients （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR is a rapid, effective and high sensitive method for detecting the expression of Survivin mRNA in NPC tissues. The overexpression of Survivin mRNA may play some roles in pathogenesis of NPC.
文摘N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors(NMDARs)play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of neuronal injuries following a stroke insult;therefore,a plethora of preclinical studies focus on better understanding functions of NMDARs and their associated signaling pathways.Over the past decades,NMDARs have been found to exert dual effects in neuronal deaths signaling and neuronal survival signaling during cerebral ischemia.Moreover,many complex intracellular signaling pathways downstream of NMDAR activation have been elucidated,which provide novel targets for developing much-needed neuro-protectants for patients with stroke.In this review,we will discuss the recent progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms of stroke related to NMDAR activation and the potential therapeutic strategies based on these discoveries.
文摘The construction of modern school system has a rich connotation,its essence is system innovation,and the core is the construction of school internal management system.It is also a dynamic improvement process.Shanghai is one of the leading cities to run schools in collectivization in China.Through innovative collectivization of school running content,it has increasingly become an innovation mechanism of regional education governance,which not only complies with the construction of modern school system but also plays an important role in promoting modern school governance in reform and practice.This research believes that educational collectivization is a new exploration of modern school system construction and provides a reference for future research.
文摘In order to realize the high-quality and balanced development of the obligation education,school of collectivization has become an important measure.It promotes the fairness of education by expanding the coverage of high-quality education resources and sharing experience of education management.Its essence is the process of combining multiple individual schools in the region to form an organic organization of education group.In this process,school managers are faced with many problems such as remote management,increased difficulty in management,and increased cost of management.How to improve their leadership under collectivization has become a key issue of research.This study takes Jing'an District of Shanghai as an example,pays attention to the leadership of school managers under collectivization,in order to provide targeted suggestions for improving the leadership of school managers.This study analyzes the concept of school management leadership,and investigates the performance of three education groups and eight school managers in the aspects of structural leadership,teaching leadership,curriculum leadership and cultural value leadership.The study finds that school managers think that the main challenge after collectivization is the increase of management difficulty,followed by the expansion of school scale,insufficient policy support and insufficient resource allocation.In a word,these problems greatly affect the leadership level of school managers under collectivization.It thinks that school managers should optimize the organizational structure,build a modern school system,improve the professional level,promote the common development of teachers,build school culture and create a good organizational atmosphere to continuously improve their leadership.
基金supported by grants from the Liaoning Nature Science Foundationof China(No.2022JH2/101300042)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82173194,81672877)+1 种基金the Key Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education of China(No.ZD2020004)2018 Youth Backbone Support Program of China Medical University(No.QGZ2018063).
文摘m^(6)A methylation is the most frequent modification of mRNA in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating biological functions.Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins(IGF2BP)are newly identified m^(6)A‘readers’.They belong to a family of RNA-binding proteins,which bind to the m^(6)A sites on different RNA sequences and stabilize them to promote cancer progression.In this review,we summarize the mechanisms by which different upstream factors regulate IGF2BP in cancer.The current literature analyzed here reveals that the IGF2BP family proteins promote cancer cell proliferation,survival,and chemoresistance,inhibit apoptosis,and are also associated with cancer glycolysis,angiogenesis,and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment.Therefore,with the discovery of their role as‘readers’of m^(6)A and the characteristic re-expression of IGF2BPs in cancers,it is important to elucidate their mechanism of action in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.We also describe in detail the regulatory and interaction network of the IGF2BP family in downstream target RNAs and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic markers,as well as recent advances in IGF2BP biology and associated therapeutic value.
基金co-supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(No.3214043)the Project of State Key Lab of Tribology of Tsinghua University(No.SKLT2021D16)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975319)。
文摘In order to satisfy the machining requirements of aero-engine casing in modern aviation industry, this paper investigates three main issues during the design and development process of a five-axis machine tool with high accuracy, stiffness and efficiency, including whole structure design,key components design, and supporting stiffness design. First, an appropriate structure of five-axis machine tool is determined considering the processing characteristics of aero-engine casing. Then, a dual drive swing head and a compact motorized spindle are designed with enough drive capability and stiffness, and related structure, assembly method, cooling technology, and performance simulation are given in detail. Next, a design method of supporting stiffness of guide is proposed through the deformation prediction of the spindle end. Based on above work, a prototype of machine tool is developed, and some experiments are carried out, including performance tests of swing head and motorized spindle, and machining of a simulated workpiece of aero-engine casing. All experimental results show that the machine tool has satisfactory accuracy, stiffness and efficiency, which meets the machining requirements of aero-engine casing. The main work can be used as references for engineers and technicians, which are meaningful in practice.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61988102,61922059,and 81961138014)the Natural Fund Project of Shanghai(21ZR1444700)+2 种基金the 111 Project(D18014)the Terahertz Rapid Detection Technology of Drugs at Frontier Ports(2019HK006)the Key Domestic Scientific and Techno-logical Cooperation Projects in Shanghai(21015800200).
文摘Moxa wool is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,which can warm channels to dispel coldness.At present,there is no unified index to evaluate the purity and growing years of moxa wool in the market.Terpineol is one of the effective substances in the volatile oil of moxa wool.Here,we characterize the purity and growing years of moxa wool by studying terpineol.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)are the methods for monitoring terpineol at present,all of which have defects of complicated procedures.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1801001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HUST 2020kfy XJJS007)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61875061)Protocol of the 9th Session of China-Croatia Scientific and Technological Cooperation Committee(9-28)Protocol of the 38th Session of China-Poland Scientific and Technological Cooperation Committee(6)National Agency for Academic Exchange in Poland(PPN/BCN/2019/1/00068)Foundation for Polish Science First TEAM POIR(04.04.00-00-1D64/16)。
文摘Fiber lasers are a paradigm of dissipative systems,which distinguish themselves from a Hamilton system where energy is conservative.Consequently,pulses generated in a fiber laser are always accompanied by the continuous wave(CW).Under certain hypothesis,pulses generated in a fiber laser can be considered as a soliton,a product of a Hamilton system.Therefore,all the descriptions of solitons of a fiber laser are approximate.Coexistence of solitons and the CW from a fiber laser prevents unveiling of real nonlinear dynamics in fiber lasers,such as soliton interactions.Pulse behavior in a fiber laser can be represented by the state of single pulse,the state of period doubling of single pulse,the states of two pulses either tightly bound or loosely distributed,the states of three pulses,and various combinations of the above-mentioned states.Recently,soliton distillation was proposed and numerically demonstrated based on the nonlinear Fourier transform(NFT)[J.Lightwave Technol.39,2542(2021)].Solitons can be separated from the coherent CW background.Therefore,it is feasible to isolate solitons from CW background in a fiber laser.Here,we applied the NFT to various pulses generated in a fiber laser,including single pulse,single pulse in period doubling,different double pulses,and multiple pulses.Furthermore,with the approach of soliton distillation,the corresponding pure solitons of those pulses are reconstructed.Simulation results suggest that the NFT can be used to identify soliton dynamics excluding CW influence in a fiber laser,which paves a new way for uncovering real soliton interaction in nonlinear systems.
文摘The properties of defect-induced ferromagnetism（d^0magnetism） in SiC belong to carbon-based material which has been systematically investigated after graphite.In this paper,we reviewed our research progress about d^0 magnetism in two aspects,i.e.,magnetic source and magnetic coupling mechanism.The V_（Si）V_C divacancies have been evidenced as the probable source of d^0 magnetism in SiC.To trace the ferromagnetic source in microscopic and electronic view,the p electrons of the nearest-neighbor carbon atoms,which are around the V_（Si）V_C divacancies,are sourced.For magnetic coupling mechanism,a higher divacancy concentration leads to stronger paramagnetic interaction but not stronger ferromagnetic coupling.So the d^0 magnetism can probably be explained as a local effect which is incapable of scaling up with the volume.
