The electrostatic discharge(ESD)protection circuit widely exists in the input and output ports of CMOS digital circuits,and fast rising time electromagnetic pulse(FREMP)coupled into the device not only interacts with ...The electrostatic discharge(ESD)protection circuit widely exists in the input and output ports of CMOS digital circuits,and fast rising time electromagnetic pulse(FREMP)coupled into the device not only interacts with the CMOS circuit,but also acts on the protection circuit.This paper establishes a model of on-chip CMOS electrostatic discharge protection circuit and selects square pulse as the FREMP signals.Based on multiple physical parameter models,it depicts the distribution of the lattice temperature,current density,and electric field intensity inside the device.At the same time,this paper explores the changes of the internal devices in the circuit under the injection of fast rising time electromagnetic pulse and describes the relationship between the damage amplitude threshold and the pulse width.The results show that the ESD protection circuit has potential damage risk,and the injection of FREMP leads to irreversible heat loss inside the circuit.In addition,pulse signals with different attributes will change the damage threshold of the circuit.These results provide an important reference for further evaluation of the influence of electromagnetic environment on the chip,which is helpful to carry out the reliability enhancement research of ESD protection circuit.展开更多
对原油常减压装置在停开减压单元工况下的换热网络进行了研究并提出了优化改造方案。应用Aspen Plus软件对某石化企业5.0 Mt/a常减压蒸馏单元进行建模,使用Aspen Energy Analyzer软件对停开减压单元状态下的换热网络进行建模,通过使用...对原油常减压装置在停开减压单元工况下的换热网络进行了研究并提出了优化改造方案。应用Aspen Plus软件对某石化企业5.0 Mt/a常减压蒸馏单元进行建模,使用Aspen Energy Analyzer软件对停开减压单元状态下的换热网络进行建模,通过使用夹点技术对现行换热网络进行夹点分析和用能诊断,发现现行换热网络存在较大节能潜力。在遵循夹点原则和确保合适传热温差的基础上,确定了现行换热网络的夹点位置和能量目标,消除了违背夹点规则的换热,并对换热流程进行改造,得到优化可行的换热网络。通过对改造后的换热网络进行了经济分析并提出了换热器改造方案。优化后的换热网络使原油预热终温提高了14.2℃,年节省公用工程总量12.8MW;改造总投资为167.05万元,投资回收期约3个月,年经济效益增加646.37万元。展开更多
A genetic algorithm based multi-objective coordinative optimization strategy is developed to optimize the operation of a binary feed atmospheric and vacuum distillation system, in which the objective functions cover t...A genetic algorithm based multi-objective coordinative optimization strategy is developed to optimize the operation of a binary feed atmospheric and vacuum distillation system, in which the objective functions cover the economic benefit, the furnace energy consumption and the CO_2 emissions, and meanwhile the simultaneous effect of binary feed composition is also investigated. A cross-call integration of software is developed to implement the optimization algorithm,and once the maximum economic benefit, the minimum furnace energy consumption and the minimum CO_2 emissions are obtained, the Pareto-optimal solution set is worked out, with the practical problems of the refinery being solved. The optimization result shows that under the same furnace energy consumption and the CO_2 emissions as the existing working condition, the economic benefit still allows for a considerable potential of increment by adjusting the heavy oil proportion of the binary feed crude oil.展开更多
In this paper, the novel control structures of differential pressure thermally coupled reactive distillation process for methyl acetate hydrolysis were proposed. The RadFrac module of Aspen Plus was adopted in the ste...In this paper, the novel control structures of differential pressure thermally coupled reactive distillation process for methyl acetate hydrolysis were proposed. The RadFrac module of Aspen Plus was adopted in the steady-state simulation. Sensitive analysis was applied to find the stable intial value and provide a basis for the improved control structure design. The Aspen Dynamics software was adopted to study the process dynamic behaviors, and two novel control structures provided with feed ratio controllers and sensitive tray temperature controllers were proposed. The reflux ratio controllers were applied in the improved novel control structures. Both control structures abandoned the composition controllers that were replaced by simpler controllers with which the product purity could meet the specification requiring under a ± 20% disturbance to the total feed flowrate / MeAc composition.展开更多
High-power microwave damage to enhanced-mode Ga N high electron mobility transistors(HEMT)is studied considering the mechanical-electrical synergy effect due to the strong piezoelectric properties of Ga N,which has a ...High-power microwave damage to enhanced-mode Ga N high electron mobility transistors(HEMT)is studied considering the mechanical-electrical synergy effect due to the strong piezoelectric properties of Ga N,which has a wurtzite crystal structure.Based on the piezoelectric constitutive equation,the mechanical and electrical energies were equivalently coupled,and the effective numerical model was built in the simulation software.The results indicated that a part of the electrical energy was stored in the device as a form of elastic energy,causing the burnout time of Ga N HEMT to be extended.The effects of different injection voltages and frequencies were analyzed,and the results revealed that elastic energy plays a different role during the process of device damage.These results are of great significance for the design of Ga N HEMTs with better reliability in harsh electromagnetic environments and for improving their protection design.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974116)。
文摘The electrostatic discharge(ESD)protection circuit widely exists in the input and output ports of CMOS digital circuits,and fast rising time electromagnetic pulse(FREMP)coupled into the device not only interacts with the CMOS circuit,but also acts on the protection circuit.This paper establishes a model of on-chip CMOS electrostatic discharge protection circuit and selects square pulse as the FREMP signals.Based on multiple physical parameter models,it depicts the distribution of the lattice temperature,current density,and electric field intensity inside the device.At the same time,this paper explores the changes of the internal devices in the circuit under the injection of fast rising time electromagnetic pulse and describes the relationship between the damage amplitude threshold and the pulse width.The results show that the ESD protection circuit has potential damage risk,and the injection of FREMP leads to irreversible heat loss inside the circuit.In addition,pulse signals with different attributes will change the damage threshold of the circuit.These results provide an important reference for further evaluation of the influence of electromagnetic environment on the chip,which is helpful to carry out the reliability enhancement research of ESD protection circuit.
文摘对原油常减压装置在停开减压单元工况下的换热网络进行了研究并提出了优化改造方案。应用Aspen Plus软件对某石化企业5.0 Mt/a常减压蒸馏单元进行建模,使用Aspen Energy Analyzer软件对停开减压单元状态下的换热网络进行建模,通过使用夹点技术对现行换热网络进行夹点分析和用能诊断,发现现行换热网络存在较大节能潜力。在遵循夹点原则和确保合适传热温差的基础上,确定了现行换热网络的夹点位置和能量目标,消除了违背夹点规则的换热,并对换热流程进行改造,得到优化可行的换热网络。通过对改造后的换热网络进行了经济分析并提出了换热器改造方案。优化后的换热网络使原油预热终温提高了14.2℃,年节省公用工程总量12.8MW;改造总投资为167.05万元,投资回收期约3个月,年经济效益增加646.37万元。
基金supported financially by the Promotive Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province (Grant No. BS2014NJ010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21506255)
文摘A genetic algorithm based multi-objective coordinative optimization strategy is developed to optimize the operation of a binary feed atmospheric and vacuum distillation system, in which the objective functions cover the economic benefit, the furnace energy consumption and the CO_2 emissions, and meanwhile the simultaneous effect of binary feed composition is also investigated. A cross-call integration of software is developed to implement the optimization algorithm,and once the maximum economic benefit, the minimum furnace energy consumption and the minimum CO_2 emissions are obtained, the Pareto-optimal solution set is worked out, with the practical problems of the refinery being solved. The optimization result shows that under the same furnace energy consumption and the CO_2 emissions as the existing working condition, the economic benefit still allows for a considerable potential of increment by adjusting the heavy oil proportion of the binary feed crude oil.
基金supported financially by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.18CX02120A)the Promotive Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province(Grant No. BS2014NJ010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21506255)
文摘In this paper, the novel control structures of differential pressure thermally coupled reactive distillation process for methyl acetate hydrolysis were proposed. The RadFrac module of Aspen Plus was adopted in the steady-state simulation. Sensitive analysis was applied to find the stable intial value and provide a basis for the improved control structure design. The Aspen Dynamics software was adopted to study the process dynamic behaviors, and two novel control structures provided with feed ratio controllers and sensitive tray temperature controllers were proposed. The reflux ratio controllers were applied in the improved novel control structures. Both control structures abandoned the composition controllers that were replaced by simpler controllers with which the product purity could meet the specification requiring under a ± 20% disturbance to the total feed flowrate / MeAc composition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61974116)the Innovation Fund of Xidian University(Grant No.YJSJ23019)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.ZYTS23029)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M663927XB)。
文摘High-power microwave damage to enhanced-mode Ga N high electron mobility transistors(HEMT)is studied considering the mechanical-electrical synergy effect due to the strong piezoelectric properties of Ga N,which has a wurtzite crystal structure.Based on the piezoelectric constitutive equation,the mechanical and electrical energies were equivalently coupled,and the effective numerical model was built in the simulation software.The results indicated that a part of the electrical energy was stored in the device as a form of elastic energy,causing the burnout time of Ga N HEMT to be extended.The effects of different injection voltages and frequencies were analyzed,and the results revealed that elastic energy plays a different role during the process of device damage.These results are of great significance for the design of Ga N HEMTs with better reliability in harsh electromagnetic environments and for improving their protection design.
