目的调查某市级医院全科师资教学现状和师资培训需求,对全科师资培训存在的问题和影响因素进行评估,并提出相应的解决方法。方法将该院60名全科师资作为研究对象,于2021年6月,采用全科基地主任及全科教研室成员设计的问卷进行调查研究...目的调查某市级医院全科师资教学现状和师资培训需求,对全科师资培训存在的问题和影响因素进行评估,并提出相应的解决方法。方法将该院60名全科师资作为研究对象,于2021年6月,采用全科基地主任及全科教研室成员设计的问卷进行调查研究。结果60名全科师资带教年限>3 a 40人(66.7%);工作岗位为全科医学科3人(5.0%);参加省/国家级师资培训次数1次14人(23.3%),2次25人(41.7%),3次12人(20.0%),4次9人(15.0%)。全科师资教学活动得分为(79.50±4.43)分。对全科师资教学能力评分进行相关因素分析,全科师资教学能力评分与全科师资参加全科师资培训次数、带教年限及职称有关(P<0.05),与年龄、性别及受教育程度无关(P>0.05)。全科师资参加师资培训动机主要为政策所需51例(35.6%),提升带教能力45例(31.5%);培训形式主要为专业理论60例(28.0%),教学技能理论52例(24.3%),临床技能操作46例(21.5%);认为师资培训有很大帮助25例(41.7%);有帮助方面主要为提升带教技巧56例(29.8%),促进规范教学57例(30.3%)。建议全科师资培训增加专家现场指导48例(24.5%),增加教学情景模拟56例(28.6%)。结论该院全科师资教学能力存在一定差异,不能达成同质化教学,本研究建议完善全科师资培训制度,建立激励机制,规范师资培训模式,提高全科师资带教能力。展开更多
Longley-Rice channel model modifies the atmospheric refraction by the equivalent earth radius method, which is simple calculation but is not accurate. As it only uses the horizontal difference, but does not make use o...Longley-Rice channel model modifies the atmospheric refraction by the equivalent earth radius method, which is simple calculation but is not accurate. As it only uses the horizontal difference, but does not make use of the vertical section information, it does not agree with the actual propagation path. The atmospheric refraction error correction method of the Longley-Rice channel model has been improved. The improved method makes use of the vertical section information sufficiently and maps the distance between the receiver and transmitter to the radio wave propagation distance, It can exactly reflect the infection of propagation distance for the radio wave propagation loss. It is predicted to be more close to the experimental results by simulation in comparison with the measured data. The effectiveness of improved methods is proved by simulation.展开更多
We consider a two-way relay network where the Amplify-and-Forward (AF) protocol is adopted by all relays in this paper.The network consists of two multi-antenna source nodes and multiple distributed single-antenna rel...We consider a two-way relay network where the Amplify-and-Forward (AF) protocol is adopted by all relays in this paper.The network consists of two multi-antenna source nodes and multiple distributed single-antenna relays.Two opportunistic relaying schemes are proposed to efficiently utilize the antennas of the source nodes and the relay nodes.In the first scheme,the best relay is selected out by a max-min-max criterion before transmitting.After that,at each source,only the antenna with the largest channel gain between itself and the best relay is activated to transmit and receive signals with full power.In the second scheme,assisted by the best relay which is selected by the typical max-min criterion,both source nodes use all their antennas to exchange data,and match filter beamforming techniques are employed at both source nodes.Further analyses show that all schemes can achieve the full diversity order,and the conclusions are not only mathematically demonstrated but numerically illustrated.System performance comparisons are carried out by numerical methods in terms of rate sum and outage probability,respectively.The beamforming assisted scheme can be found to be superior to the antenna selection scheme when accurate Channel State Information (CSI) is available at the transmitters.Otherwise,the latter is very suitable.展开更多
In a global positioning system(GPS)passive radar,a high resolution requires a high sampling frequency,which increases the computational load.Balancing the computational load and the range resolution is challenging.Thi...In a global positioning system(GPS)passive radar,a high resolution requires a high sampling frequency,which increases the computational load.Balancing the computational load and the range resolution is challenging.This paper presents a method to trade off the range resolution and the computational load by experimentally determining the optimal sampling frequency through an analysis of multiple sets of GPS satellite data at different sampling frequencies.The test data are used to construct a range resolution-sampling frequency trade-off model using least-squares estimation.The theoretical analysis shows that the experimental data are the best fit using smoothing and nthorder derivative splines.Using field GPS C/A code signal-based GPS radar,the trade-off between the optimal sampling frequency is determined to be in the 20461.25–24553.5 kHz range,which supports a resolution of 43–48 m.Compared with the conventional method,the CPU time is reduced by approximately 50%.展开更多
文摘目的调查某市级医院全科师资教学现状和师资培训需求,对全科师资培训存在的问题和影响因素进行评估,并提出相应的解决方法。方法将该院60名全科师资作为研究对象,于2021年6月,采用全科基地主任及全科教研室成员设计的问卷进行调查研究。结果60名全科师资带教年限>3 a 40人(66.7%);工作岗位为全科医学科3人(5.0%);参加省/国家级师资培训次数1次14人(23.3%),2次25人(41.7%),3次12人(20.0%),4次9人(15.0%)。全科师资教学活动得分为(79.50±4.43)分。对全科师资教学能力评分进行相关因素分析,全科师资教学能力评分与全科师资参加全科师资培训次数、带教年限及职称有关(P<0.05),与年龄、性别及受教育程度无关(P>0.05)。全科师资参加师资培训动机主要为政策所需51例(35.6%),提升带教能力45例(31.5%);培训形式主要为专业理论60例(28.0%),教学技能理论52例(24.3%),临床技能操作46例(21.5%);认为师资培训有很大帮助25例(41.7%);有帮助方面主要为提升带教技巧56例(29.8%),促进规范教学57例(30.3%)。建议全科师资培训增加专家现场指导48例(24.5%),增加教学情景模拟56例(28.6%)。结论该院全科师资教学能力存在一定差异,不能达成同质化教学,本研究建议完善全科师资培训制度,建立激励机制,规范师资培训模式,提高全科师资带教能力。
文摘Longley-Rice channel model modifies the atmospheric refraction by the equivalent earth radius method, which is simple calculation but is not accurate. As it only uses the horizontal difference, but does not make use of the vertical section information, it does not agree with the actual propagation path. The atmospheric refraction error correction method of the Longley-Rice channel model has been improved. The improved method makes use of the vertical section information sufficiently and maps the distance between the receiver and transmitter to the radio wave propagation distance, It can exactly reflect the infection of propagation distance for the radio wave propagation loss. It is predicted to be more close to the experimental results by simulation in comparison with the measured data. The effectiveness of improved methods is proved by simulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60902092
文摘We consider a two-way relay network where the Amplify-and-Forward (AF) protocol is adopted by all relays in this paper.The network consists of two multi-antenna source nodes and multiple distributed single-antenna relays.Two opportunistic relaying schemes are proposed to efficiently utilize the antennas of the source nodes and the relay nodes.In the first scheme,the best relay is selected out by a max-min-max criterion before transmitting.After that,at each source,only the antenna with the largest channel gain between itself and the best relay is activated to transmit and receive signals with full power.In the second scheme,assisted by the best relay which is selected by the typical max-min criterion,both source nodes use all their antennas to exchange data,and match filter beamforming techniques are employed at both source nodes.Further analyses show that all schemes can achieve the full diversity order,and the conclusions are not only mathematically demonstrated but numerically illustrated.System performance comparisons are carried out by numerical methods in terms of rate sum and outage probability,respectively.The beamforming assisted scheme can be found to be superior to the antenna selection scheme when accurate Channel State Information (CSI) is available at the transmitters.Otherwise,the latter is very suitable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42001297)the Research Foundation of Education Department of Hunan Province(19B061)the National Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ40631)。
文摘In a global positioning system(GPS)passive radar,a high resolution requires a high sampling frequency,which increases the computational load.Balancing the computational load and the range resolution is challenging.This paper presents a method to trade off the range resolution and the computational load by experimentally determining the optimal sampling frequency through an analysis of multiple sets of GPS satellite data at different sampling frequencies.The test data are used to construct a range resolution-sampling frequency trade-off model using least-squares estimation.The theoretical analysis shows that the experimental data are the best fit using smoothing and nthorder derivative splines.Using field GPS C/A code signal-based GPS radar,the trade-off between the optimal sampling frequency is determined to be in the 20461.25–24553.5 kHz range,which supports a resolution of 43–48 m.Compared with the conventional method,the CPU time is reduced by approximately 50%.
