Directly modulated 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs)with the advantages of low cost,high modulation speed,good reliability,and low power consumption,are the key sources in the optical interconnect...Directly modulated 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs)with the advantages of low cost,high modulation speed,good reliability,and low power consumption,are the key sources in the optical interconnects with multimode fibers for the supercomputers,data centers,and machine learning applications[1−3].Typically,non-return-tozero(NRZ)modulation format is used.展开更多
The stable operation of solid-state lithium metal batteries at low temperatures is plagued by severe restrictions from inferior electrolyte-electrode interface compatibility and increased energy barrier for Li^(+)migr...The stable operation of solid-state lithium metal batteries at low temperatures is plagued by severe restrictions from inferior electrolyte-electrode interface compatibility and increased energy barrier for Li^(+)migration.Herein,we prepare a dual-salt poly(tetrahydrofuran)-based electrolyte consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate(LiDFOB).The Li-salt anions(DFOB−)not only accelerate the ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran,but also promote the formation of highly ion-conductive and sustainable interphases on Li metal anodes without sacrificing the Li^(+)conductivity of electrolytes,which is favorable for Li^(+)transport kinetics at low temperatures.Applications of this polymer electrolyte in Li||LiFePO_(4)cells show 82.3%capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 30℃and endow stable discharge capacity at−30℃.Remarkably,the Li||LiFePO4 cells retain 52%of their room-temperature capacity at−20℃and 0.1 C.This rational design of dual-salt polymer-based electrolytes may provide a new perspective for the stable operation of quasi-solid-state batteries at low temperatures.展开更多
The main protease(M^(pro))is essential for the replication of SARS-COV-2 and therefore represents a promising anti-viral target.In this study,we screened M^(pro)inhibitory peptides from Ulva prolifera protein on in-si...The main protease(M^(pro))is essential for the replication of SARS-COV-2 and therefore represents a promising anti-viral target.In this study,we screened M^(pro)inhibitory peptides from Ulva prolifera protein on in-silico proteolysis.Cytotoxicity analysis using the online toxic prediction tool ToxinPred revealed that all the peptides were non-cytotoxic.The hexapeptide(SSGFID)exhibited high M^(pro)inhibitory activity in molecular docking and its IC_(50)value was 139.40±0.82μmol/L in vitro according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay(FRET).Quantitative real-time(qRT-)PCR results show that SSGFID could stimulate the expression of mitosis-related factors,including nuclear factor-κB,cyclin D1,and cyclin-dependent kinase 4,to promote the proliferation of mice splenocytes.Stability study revealed that SSGFID showed resistance against pepsin and trypsin but lost D(Asp)after pretreatment at121℃ for 15 min.Besides,SSGFID was mainly transported through the Caco-2 cell monolayer by the peptide transporter PepT1 and passive-mediated transport during the transport study.Unfortunately,the peptide was also degraded by Caco-2 intracellular enzymes,and the transfer rate of intact peptide was4.2%.Furthermore,Lineweaver–Burk plots demonstrated that SSGFID possessed a mixed inhibitory characteristic with M^(pro).Our study indicated the potential of Ulva prolifera as antiviral and immuneenhancing functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals.展开更多
In this study,Ulva prolifera protein was used for preparing angiotensin-I converting enzyme(ACE)-inhibitory peptide via virtual gastrointestinal digestion and in silico screening.Some parameters of the obtained peptid...In this study,Ulva prolifera protein was used for preparing angiotensin-I converting enzyme(ACE)-inhibitory peptide via virtual gastrointestinal digestion and in silico screening.Some parameters of the obtained peptide,such as inhibition kinetics,docking mechanism,stability,transport pathway,were explored by Lineweaver-Burk plots,molecular docking,in vitro stimulate gastrointestinal(GI)digestion and Caco-2 cells monolayer model,respectively.Then,a novel anti-ACE peptide LDF(IC_(50),(1.66±0.34)μmol/L)was screened and synthesized by chemical synthesis.It was a no-competitive inhibitor and its anti-ACE inhibitory effect mainly attributable to four Conventional Hydrogen Bonds and Zn701 interactions.It could keep activity during simulated GI digestion in vitro and was transported by peptide transporter PepT1 and passive-mediated mode.Besides,it could activate Endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)activity to promote the production of NO and reduce Endothelin-1(ET-1)secretion induced by AngiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells(HUVECs).Meanwhile,it could promote mice splenocytes proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.Our study indicated that this peptide was a potential ingredient functioning on vasodilation and enhancing immunity.展开更多
Disulfide zirconium(ZrS_(2)) is a two-dimensional(2D) transition metal disulfide and has given rise to extensive attention because of its distinctive electronic structure and properties.However,mass production of high...Disulfide zirconium(ZrS_(2)) is a two-dimensional(2D) transition metal disulfide and has given rise to extensive attention because of its distinctive electronic structure and properties.However,mass production of high quality of ZrS_(2)nanosheets to realize their practical application remains a challenge.Here,we have successfully exfoliated the bulk ZrS_(2)powder with the thickness of micron into single and few-layer nanosheets through liquid-phase exfoliation in N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP) assisted via aliphatic amines as intercalators.It is found that the exfoliation yield is as high as 27.3%,which is the record value for the exfoliation of ZrS_(2)nanosheets from bulk ZrS_(2)powder,and 77.1% of ZrS_(2)nanosheets are 2-3 layers.The molecular geometric size and aliphatic amine basicity have important impact on the exfoliation.Furthermore,the ZrS_(2)nanosheets have been used as catalyst in the electrocatalytic dinitrogen reduction with the NH3yield of 57.75 μg h^(-1)mg_(cat.)^(-1),which is twice that by ZrS_(2)nanofibers reported in literature and three times that by the bulk ZrS_(2)powder.Therefore,the liquid phase exfoliation strategy reported here has great potential in mass production of ZrS_(2)nanosheets for high activity electrocatalysis.展开更多
Synthesizing nitrogen(N)-containing molecules from biomass derivatives is a new strategy for production of this kind of chemicals.Herein,for the first time we present the synthesis of N-substituted aryl pyrroles via r...Synthesizing nitrogen(N)-containing molecules from biomass derivatives is a new strategy for production of this kind of chemicals.Herein,for the first time we present the synthesis of N-substituted aryl pyrroles via reductive amination/cyclization of levulinic acid(LA)with primary aromatic amines and hydrosilanes(e.g.,PMHS)over Cs F,and a series of N-substituted aryl pyrroles could be obtained in good to excellent yields at 120○C.The mechanism investigation indicates that the reaction proceeds in two steps:the cyclization between amine and LA occurs first to form intermediate 5-methyl-N-alkyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolones and their isomeride(B),and then the chemo-and region-selective reduction of intermediates take place to produce the final products.This approach for synthesis of N-substituted aryl pyrroles can be performed under mild and green conditions,which may have promising applications.展开更多
Interleukin-17 （IL-17 or IL-17A） production is a hallmark of TH17 cells, a new unique lineage of CD4^＋ T lymphocytes contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-17 receptor...Interleukin-17 （IL-17 or IL-17A） production is a hallmark of TH17 cells, a new unique lineage of CD4^＋ T lymphocytes contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-17 receptor （IL-17R or IL-17RA） is essential for IL-17 biological activity. Emerging data suggest that the formation of a heteromeric and/or homomeric receptor complex is required for IL-17 signaling. Here we show that the orphan receptor IL-17RD （Sef, similar expression to FGF genes or IL-17RLM） is associated and colocalized with IL-17R. Importantly, IL-17RD mediates IL-17 signaling, as evaluated using a luciferase reporter driven by the native promoter of 24p3, an IL-17 target gene. In addition, an IL-17RD mutant lacking the intraeellnlar domain dominant-negatively suppresses IL-17R- mediated IL-17 signaling. Moreover, IL-17RD as well as IL-17R is associated with TRAF6, an IL-17R downstream molecule. These results indicate that IL-17RD is a part of the IL-17 receptor signaling complex, therefore providing novel evidence for IL-17 signaling through a heteromeric and/or homomeric receptor complex.展开更多
Phenolic compounds exist in crude oil as pollutants, and their removal is vital important for the refining and further application of oils. In traditional separation approaches, strong acid and strong base have to be ...Phenolic compounds exist in crude oil as pollutants, and their removal is vital important for the refining and further application of oils. In traditional separation approaches, strong acid and strong base have to be used to remove these compounds, which may cause serious environmental problems. In this work, 19 kinds of cholinium ionic liquids have been developed to separate phenol from model oil by liquid–liquid extraction. Structural effect of anions of the ionic liquids in the separation is systematically investigated. It is found that depending on the chemical structure of ionic liquids, phenol can be removed from toluene with single-step removal efficiency from 86 to 99% under optimal conditions. The type of substituent groups and the-CH_2 number between two carboxylates have obvious effect on the removal efficiency, and more hydrophilic ionic liquids have a stronger extraction performance for phenol. Furthermore, thermodynamic,^(13) C NMR,~1 H NMR and density functional theory calculations have been performed to characterize the extraction process and to understand the extraction mechanism. It is shown that the extraction of phenol from oil to ionic liquid is a favorable process, and this process is mainly driven by enthalpy change. The formation of the hydrogen bond between anion of the ionic liquid and-OH of phenol is the main driving force for the extraction of phenol from oil to the ionic liquids.展开更多
Introduction Stroke or heart attack,the leading cause of death and disability worldwide,is usually caused by rupture of atheromatous plaque.Therefore,the identification of vulnerable atheroma pre rupture has become ex...Introduction Stroke or heart attack,the leading cause of death and disability worldwide,is usually caused by rupture of atheromatous plaque.Therefore,the identification of vulnerable atheroma pre rupture has become extremely important for patient risk stratification.Previous studies have shown that the vulnerable plaque,i.e.one that is prone to rupture with thromboembolic complications,is often associated with a thin fibrous cap,a large lipid core and a high inflammatory burden.The mechanism of plaque rupture is not entirely clear but is thought to be a multi-factorial process involving thinning and weakening of the fibrous cap by enzymes secreted by activa-展开更多
Background Coronary artery stenting is commonly used for the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis,but it causes serious clinical complications,such as the in-stent restenosis(ISR).The main reason leading to ISR is th...Background Coronary artery stenting is commonly used for the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis,but it causes serious clinical complications,such as the in-stent restenosis(ISR).The main reason leading to ISR is the neointimal hyperplasia(NH),which is related to the stresses of plaque and artery,and to the altered local hemodynamic environment due to the presence of stents.Different stent structures indeed have various impacts on the stresses of plaque and artery,and the local hemodynamic environment,such as the wall shear stress(WSS),average WSS(AWSS),and WSS gradient(WSSG).Thus,it is important to evaluate the performance of stents with different structures by the mechanical factors after coronary stenting.Methods Six stents implanted into a stenotic curved coronary artery were treated separately,and they included three typical commercial stents(Palmaz-Schatz,Xience,and Cypher)and three author-developed stents,which were constructed by reducing the numbers of link(C-Rlink)and crown(C-Rcrown),and aligning the strut(C-Astrut)of the commercial Cypher Solid mechanical analyses of the balloon-stent-plaque-artery system in Abaqus were first performed to assess the performance of different stent structures and provide the deformed boundary of lumen for the subsequent hemodynamic analysis.With the deformed boundary,then hemodynamic analyses in Ansys were conducted to quanti-fy the hemodynamic parameters induced by different stent structures.Combining the solid mechanical and hemodynamic analyses,the performance of the six stents was evaluated.Results The results show that among the three commercial stents,the Palmaz-Schatz stent has the least stent dogboning and recoiling,which corresponds to the greatest maximum plastic strain as well as the largest diameter.However,it induces the greatest maximum stress of plaque,intima,and media.From the viewpoint of hemodynamics,the Palmaz-Schatz stent also performs better and it has smaller areas of adverse low WSS(<0.5 Pa),high WSS(>15 Pa),low AWSS(<0.5 Pa),and high WSSG(>5 000 Pa/m).Compared to the commercial Cypher stent,the author-developed Cypher-based C-Rcrown and C-Astrut stents have smaller recoiling,greater maximum plastic stain and larger diameter,which indicates the improved mechanical performance of the Cypher stent.Moreover,both C-Rcrown and C-Astrut have smaller areas of adverse low WSS,high WSS,and low AWSS,but only C-Rcrown has smaller area of adverse high WSSG.Nevertheless,the C-Rlink stent is inferior to the commercial Cypher stent.In both senses of the solid mechanical and local hemodynamic analyses,the C-Rcrown stent is superior to the commercial Cypher stent and other Cypher-based stents.Conclusions In this study,solid mechanical and hemodynamic analyses were carried out to study the effects of six stents with different structures on their performances after stenting.It was found that the Palmaz-Schatz stent performed better than other two commercial stents,and the performance of the Cypher stent could be improved by reducing the number of crowns of its strut.The present study comparatively evaluates the performance of different stents inside a curved artery,and could be used as a guide to select a suitable commercial stent for clinical application,and provide a way to improve the performance of the existing commercial stents.展开更多
The first data on P-T metamorphic conditions coupled with U-Pb monazite and zircon age obtained for the Neoarchean Kitoy granulite-gneiss terrane(SW Siberian Craton).Alumina gneisses of the Kitoy terrane indicate two-...The first data on P-T metamorphic conditions coupled with U-Pb monazite and zircon age obtained for the Neoarchean Kitoy granulite-gneiss terrane(SW Siberian Craton).Alumina gneisses of the Kitoy terrane indicate two-staged metamorphic evolution.The first stage of regional metamorphism(M1)occurred at high-amphibolite facies conditions at T=780-800℃ and P=8-9 kbar.The second stage(M2)belongs to MT-HT/LP type of metamorphism with the wide temperature interval 600-750℃ and pressure 2-4 kbar.Two age peaks were established on the basis of U-Pb monazite and zircon dating in garnet-anthophyllite gneisses.Both of them correspond to the Neoarchean age:the age of M1 falls into the interval of ca.2489-2496 Ma,the age of M2-ca.2446-2456 Ma.The high-temperature metamorphism of the Kitoy block and nearly coeval granitoid magmatism can be an evidence for the Neoarchean collision in SW Siberian craton.展开更多
Innovative computational modeling and methods have been developed and widely used in cardiovascular research and beyond.In this special issue,leading experts in their respective areas were invited to present their nov...Innovative computational modeling and methods have been developed and widely used in cardiovascular research and beyond.In this special issue,leading experts in their respective areas were invited to present their novel computational models,numerical methods with new and ground-breaking biomedical and clinical applications in ventrical valve mechanics,arteries,aneurysm,medical devices and treatment techniques,as well as microscale studies at cell and molecule levels,and others.Thirteen papers were selected to form this special issue which has 3 parts:Part I included 5 cardiovascular modeling papers.Part II has 4 papers where numerical methods were developed to design,analyze,and improve various medical devices.Part III selected 4 papers with wide applications including eye,ear,endocytosis,and liver.A brief introduction on each paper is given below.展开更多
Objective:We studied the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and the relationship between such expression and clinicopathological features of NSCLC.Methods:One hundred cases...Objective:We studied the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and the relationship between such expression and clinicopathological features of NSCLC.Methods:One hundred cases of tissue specimen including NSCLC,neighboring noncancerous tissue and normal lung tissue were collected at random.These specimens were detected by immunohistochemical methods.Results:The expression of cyclin B1 and survivin showed significant difference(P < 0.01) between NSCLC tissues,proliferating epithelial cells of bronchioles and small bronchi in neighboring noncancerous tissues,and normal lung tissues.Compared with normal lung tissues,there was an overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin in NSCLC and an enhancing expression of cyclin B1 and survivin in proliferating epithelial cells of bronchioles and small bronchi in neighboring noncancerous tissues.Significantly positive correlation was found between the overexpression of cyclin B1 and that of survivin in 100 NSCLC cases(P < 0.01).The significantly positive correlation was also found between the enhancing expression of cyclin B1 and that of survivin in proliferating epithelial cells of bronchioles and small bronchi in neighboring noncancerous tissues(P < 0.01).No statistical significance was found between the different histological types,the differentiated degree,lymphatic metastasis and the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin(P > 0.05) in NSCLC.Statistical significance was marked between different clinical stages of NSCLC and the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin(P < 0.05).Conclusion:The overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin was found in NSCLC.The expression of cyclin B1 and survivin might be up-regulated during an early step of tumorigenesis and during the development of NSCLC.The progression of cell cycle could be efficiently connected with the control of apoptosis by the interrelations between the overexpression of cyclin B1 and that of survivin in NSCLC during the G2/M phase.The overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin might be used as marker in showing the dividing and proliferating ability,and the inhibiting apoptosis ability(lengthening cell lifespan) of NSCLC.Moreover,the overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin was associated with the clinic stages of NSCLC.展开更多
Trust is a key dimension in the principal-agent relationship and it has been studied extensively.However,the dynamics,evolution,and intrinsic motivation and mechanisms have received less attention.This paper investiga...Trust is a key dimension in the principal-agent relationship and it has been studied extensively.However,the dynamics,evolution,and intrinsic motivation and mechanisms have received less attention.This paper investigates the intrinsic motivation of trust and it proposes a theoretical model of trust evolution that is based on the notion of‘trust response’and‘trust spiral’.We then specifically focus on trust within the lending relationship between banks and small businesses,and we run numerical simulations to further illustrate the evolution of involved mutual trust over time.Our model provides implications for future research in both trust evolution and small business lending relationships.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification process for Elymus sibiricus L. , to provide sci- entific basis for exploring the genetic diversity of E. sibiric...[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification process for Elymus sibiricus L. , to provide sci- entific basis for exploring the genetic diversity of E. sibiricus germplasm resources. [ Method] Orthogonal design and single factor test were applied to establish the ISSR-PCR reaction system of E. sibiricus, optimize the influencing factors including Taq DNA polymerase, DNA template concentration, Mg2 ＋ , dNTP, primer concentration, and screen the annealing temperature, number of cycles and extension time. [ Result ] The optimal reaction system for ISSR analysis contains 0.2 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.2 μmol/L ISSR primers, 1.5 U of Taq DNA polymerase, 2.5 μl of 10 × PCR Buffer, 1.5 mmol/L MgC12 and 40 ng of template DNA in 25 μl total volume; the amplification was conducted with 35 cycles and extension time of 90 s. [ Conclusion] ISSR-PCR reaction system for E. sibiricus was established and optimized, and then verified using two E. sibiricus germplasrns, demonstrating that the ISSR-PCR reaction system is stable and can be used for the genetic analysis of E. sibiricus.展开更多
Plants deploy versatile scaffold proteins to intricately modulate complex cell signaling.Among these,RACK1A(Receptors for Activated C Kinase 1A)stands out as a multifaceted scaffold protein functioning as a central in...Plants deploy versatile scaffold proteins to intricately modulate complex cell signaling.Among these,RACK1A(Receptors for Activated C Kinase 1A)stands out as a multifaceted scaffold protein functioning as a central integrative hub for diverse signaling pathways.However,the precise mechanisms by which RACK1A orchestrates signal transduction to optimize seedling development remain largely unclear.Here,we demonstrate that RACK1A facilitates hypocotyl elongation by functioning as a flexible platform that connects multiple key components of light signaling pathways.RACK1A interacts with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR(PIF)3,enhances PIF3 binding to the promoter of BBX11 and down-regulates its transcription.Furthermore,RACK1A associates with ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)to repress HY5 biochemical activity toward target genes,ultimately contributing to hypocotyl elongation.In darkness,RACK1A is targeted by CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC(COP)1 upon phosphorylation and subjected to COP1-mediated degradation via the 26 S proteasome system.Our findings provide new insights into how plants utilize scaffold proteins to regulate hypocotyl elongation,ensuring proper skoto-and photo-morphogenic development.展开更多
Depression is a major contributor to poor global health and disability,with a recently increasing incidence.Although drug therapy is commonly used to treat depression,conventional antidepressant drugs have several dis...Depression is a major contributor to poor global health and disability,with a recently increasing incidence.Although drug therapy is commonly used to treat depression,conventional antidepressant drugs have several disadvantages,including slow onset,low response rates and severe adverse effects.Therefore,developing effective therapies for depression remains challenging.Although various aetiological theories of depression exist,the underlying mechanisms of depression are complex,and further research is crucial.Moreover,oxidative stress(OS)-induced lipid peroxidation has been demonstrated to trigger ferroptosis.Both OS and ferroptosis are pivotal mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders,and investigation of the mediators involved in these processes has emerged as a prominent and active research direction.One previous study revealed that regulatory proteins involved in ferroptosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of depression,and antidepressant drugs could reverse depressive symptoms by inhibiting ferroptosis in vivo,suggesting an important role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of depression.Hence,our current comprehensive review offers an up-to-date perspective on the intricate mechanisms involved,specifically concerning ferroptosis and OS in the context of depression,along with promising prospects for using molecular mediators to target ferroptosis.We delineate the key targets of molecular mediators involved in OS and ferroptosis implicated in depression,most notably reactive oxygen species and iron overload.Considering the pivotal role of OS-induced ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders,delving deeper into the underlying subsequent mechanisms will contribute significantly to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for depression.展开更多
In recent years,cryotherapy has gained increasing acceptance as a treatment for prostate cancer,offering complementary therapeutic benefits when combined with radical surgery and radiotherapy.Despite the potential for...In recent years,cryotherapy has gained increasing acceptance as a treatment for prostate cancer,offering complementary therapeutic benefits when combined with radical surgery and radiotherapy.Despite the potential for surgical complications,it stands as a safe and viable therapeutic modality.Cryotherapy provides an efficient approach for elderly patients,especially those with compromised physical conditions and individuals experiencing recurrence after initial treatment.It has shown promise in extending survival periods and improving the overall quality of life for these patients.This article aims to comprehensively examine the developmental trajectory,surgical techniques,indications,therapeutic outcomes,and potential complications associated within prostate cancer treatment.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62075209,62275243,and 61675193)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z200006).
文摘Directly modulated 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs)with the advantages of low cost,high modulation speed,good reliability,and low power consumption,are the key sources in the optical interconnects with multimode fibers for the supercomputers,data centers,and machine learning applications[1−3].Typically,non-return-tozero(NRZ)modulation format is used.
基金funding from the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2022CFA031)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22309056).
文摘The stable operation of solid-state lithium metal batteries at low temperatures is plagued by severe restrictions from inferior electrolyte-electrode interface compatibility and increased energy barrier for Li^(+)migration.Herein,we prepare a dual-salt poly(tetrahydrofuran)-based electrolyte consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate(LiDFOB).The Li-salt anions(DFOB−)not only accelerate the ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran,but also promote the formation of highly ion-conductive and sustainable interphases on Li metal anodes without sacrificing the Li^(+)conductivity of electrolytes,which is favorable for Li^(+)transport kinetics at low temperatures.Applications of this polymer electrolyte in Li||LiFePO_(4)cells show 82.3%capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 30℃and endow stable discharge capacity at−30℃.Remarkably,the Li||LiFePO4 cells retain 52%of their room-temperature capacity at−20℃and 0.1 C.This rational design of dual-salt polymer-based electrolytes may provide a new perspective for the stable operation of quasi-solid-state batteries at low temperatures.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2016YFC1402102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41976109)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)。
文摘The main protease(M^(pro))is essential for the replication of SARS-COV-2 and therefore represents a promising anti-viral target.In this study,we screened M^(pro)inhibitory peptides from Ulva prolifera protein on in-silico proteolysis.Cytotoxicity analysis using the online toxic prediction tool ToxinPred revealed that all the peptides were non-cytotoxic.The hexapeptide(SSGFID)exhibited high M^(pro)inhibitory activity in molecular docking and its IC_(50)value was 139.40±0.82μmol/L in vitro according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay(FRET).Quantitative real-time(qRT-)PCR results show that SSGFID could stimulate the expression of mitosis-related factors,including nuclear factor-κB,cyclin D1,and cyclin-dependent kinase 4,to promote the proliferation of mice splenocytes.Stability study revealed that SSGFID showed resistance against pepsin and trypsin but lost D(Asp)after pretreatment at121℃ for 15 min.Besides,SSGFID was mainly transported through the Caco-2 cell monolayer by the peptide transporter PepT1 and passive-mediated transport during the transport study.Unfortunately,the peptide was also degraded by Caco-2 intracellular enzymes,and the transfer rate of intact peptide was4.2%.Furthermore,Lineweaver–Burk plots demonstrated that SSGFID possessed a mixed inhibitory characteristic with M^(pro).Our study indicated the potential of Ulva prolifera as antiviral and immuneenhancing functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals.
文摘In this study,Ulva prolifera protein was used for preparing angiotensin-I converting enzyme(ACE)-inhibitory peptide via virtual gastrointestinal digestion and in silico screening.Some parameters of the obtained peptide,such as inhibition kinetics,docking mechanism,stability,transport pathway,were explored by Lineweaver-Burk plots,molecular docking,in vitro stimulate gastrointestinal(GI)digestion and Caco-2 cells monolayer model,respectively.Then,a novel anti-ACE peptide LDF(IC_(50),(1.66±0.34)μmol/L)was screened and synthesized by chemical synthesis.It was a no-competitive inhibitor and its anti-ACE inhibitory effect mainly attributable to four Conventional Hydrogen Bonds and Zn701 interactions.It could keep activity during simulated GI digestion in vitro and was transported by peptide transporter PepT1 and passive-mediated mode.Besides,it could activate Endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)activity to promote the production of NO and reduce Endothelin-1(ET-1)secretion induced by AngiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells(HUVECs).Meanwhile,it could promote mice splenocytes proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner.Our study indicated that this peptide was a potential ingredient functioning on vasodilation and enhancing immunity.
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U1704251 and 21733011)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0403101)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan province (No.202300410220)the 111 Project (No.D17007)。
文摘Disulfide zirconium(ZrS_(2)) is a two-dimensional(2D) transition metal disulfide and has given rise to extensive attention because of its distinctive electronic structure and properties.However,mass production of high quality of ZrS_(2)nanosheets to realize their practical application remains a challenge.Here,we have successfully exfoliated the bulk ZrS_(2)powder with the thickness of micron into single and few-layer nanosheets through liquid-phase exfoliation in N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP) assisted via aliphatic amines as intercalators.It is found that the exfoliation yield is as high as 27.3%,which is the record value for the exfoliation of ZrS_(2)nanosheets from bulk ZrS_(2)powder,and 77.1% of ZrS_(2)nanosheets are 2-3 layers.The molecular geometric size and aliphatic amine basicity have important impact on the exfoliation.Furthermore,the ZrS_(2)nanosheets have been used as catalyst in the electrocatalytic dinitrogen reduction with the NH3yield of 57.75 μg h^(-1)mg_(cat.)^(-1),which is twice that by ZrS_(2)nanofibers reported in literature and three times that by the bulk ZrS_(2)powder.Therefore,the liquid phase exfoliation strategy reported here has great potential in mass production of ZrS_(2)nanosheets for high activity electrocatalysis.
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences,China(Grant No.QYZDY-SSW-SLH013-2)Henan Normal University,China。
文摘Synthesizing nitrogen(N)-containing molecules from biomass derivatives is a new strategy for production of this kind of chemicals.Herein,for the first time we present the synthesis of N-substituted aryl pyrroles via reductive amination/cyclization of levulinic acid(LA)with primary aromatic amines and hydrosilanes(e.g.,PMHS)over Cs F,and a series of N-substituted aryl pyrroles could be obtained in good to excellent yields at 120○C.The mechanism investigation indicates that the reaction proceeds in two steps:the cyclization between amine and LA occurs first to form intermediate 5-methyl-N-alkyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolones and their isomeride(B),and then the chemo-and region-selective reduction of intermediates take place to produce the final products.This approach for synthesis of N-substituted aryl pyrroles can be performed under mild and green conditions,which may have promising applications.
文摘Interleukin-17 （IL-17 or IL-17A） production is a hallmark of TH17 cells, a new unique lineage of CD4^＋ T lymphocytes contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-17 receptor （IL-17R or IL-17RA） is essential for IL-17 biological activity. Emerging data suggest that the formation of a heteromeric and/or homomeric receptor complex is required for IL-17 signaling. Here we show that the orphan receptor IL-17RD （Sef, similar expression to FGF genes or IL-17RLM） is associated and colocalized with IL-17R. Importantly, IL-17RD mediates IL-17 signaling, as evaluated using a luciferase reporter driven by the native promoter of 24p3, an IL-17 target gene. In addition, an IL-17RD mutant lacking the intraeellnlar domain dominant-negatively suppresses IL-17R- mediated IL-17 signaling. Moreover, IL-17RD as well as IL-17R is associated with TRAF6, an IL-17R downstream molecule. These results indicate that IL-17RD is a part of the IL-17 receptor signaling complex, therefore providing novel evidence for IL-17 signaling through a heteromeric and/or homomeric receptor complex.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21803017,21733011)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0403101)+2 种基金S&T Research Foundation of Education Department of Henan Province(No.19A150027)the 111 project(No.D17007)the Open Research Fund of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
文摘Phenolic compounds exist in crude oil as pollutants, and their removal is vital important for the refining and further application of oils. In traditional separation approaches, strong acid and strong base have to be used to remove these compounds, which may cause serious environmental problems. In this work, 19 kinds of cholinium ionic liquids have been developed to separate phenol from model oil by liquid–liquid extraction. Structural effect of anions of the ionic liquids in the separation is systematically investigated. It is found that depending on the chemical structure of ionic liquids, phenol can be removed from toluene with single-step removal efficiency from 86 to 99% under optimal conditions. The type of substituent groups and the-CH_2 number between two carboxylates have obvious effect on the removal efficiency, and more hydrophilic ionic liquids have a stronger extraction performance for phenol. Furthermore, thermodynamic,^(13) C NMR,~1 H NMR and density functional theory calculations have been performed to characterize the extraction process and to understand the extraction mechanism. It is shown that the extraction of phenol from oil to ionic liquid is a favorable process, and this process is mainly driven by enthalpy change. The formation of the hydrogen bond between anion of the ionic liquid and-OH of phenol is the main driving force for the extraction of phenol from oil to the ionic liquids.
基金partially supported by the National 973 Basic Research Program of China (No.2013CB733803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.11272091)
文摘Introduction Stroke or heart attack,the leading cause of death and disability worldwide,is usually caused by rupture of atheromatous plaque.Therefore,the identification of vulnerable atheroma pre rupture has become extremely important for patient risk stratification.Previous studies have shown that the vulnerable plaque,i.e.one that is prone to rupture with thromboembolic complications,is often associated with a thin fibrous cap,a large lipid core and a high inflammatory burden.The mechanism of plaque rupture is not entirely clear but is thought to be a multi-factorial process involving thinning and weakening of the fibrous cap by enzymes secreted by activa-
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China ( NSFC) ( 31300780,11272091, 11422222,31470043)supported by the National 973 Basic Research Program of China ( 2013CB733800)China scholarship Council ( 201706090121) ,and ARC ( FT140101152)
文摘Background Coronary artery stenting is commonly used for the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis,but it causes serious clinical complications,such as the in-stent restenosis(ISR).The main reason leading to ISR is the neointimal hyperplasia(NH),which is related to the stresses of plaque and artery,and to the altered local hemodynamic environment due to the presence of stents.Different stent structures indeed have various impacts on the stresses of plaque and artery,and the local hemodynamic environment,such as the wall shear stress(WSS),average WSS(AWSS),and WSS gradient(WSSG).Thus,it is important to evaluate the performance of stents with different structures by the mechanical factors after coronary stenting.Methods Six stents implanted into a stenotic curved coronary artery were treated separately,and they included three typical commercial stents(Palmaz-Schatz,Xience,and Cypher)and three author-developed stents,which were constructed by reducing the numbers of link(C-Rlink)and crown(C-Rcrown),and aligning the strut(C-Astrut)of the commercial Cypher Solid mechanical analyses of the balloon-stent-plaque-artery system in Abaqus were first performed to assess the performance of different stent structures and provide the deformed boundary of lumen for the subsequent hemodynamic analysis.With the deformed boundary,then hemodynamic analyses in Ansys were conducted to quanti-fy the hemodynamic parameters induced by different stent structures.Combining the solid mechanical and hemodynamic analyses,the performance of the six stents was evaluated.Results The results show that among the three commercial stents,the Palmaz-Schatz stent has the least stent dogboning and recoiling,which corresponds to the greatest maximum plastic strain as well as the largest diameter.However,it induces the greatest maximum stress of plaque,intima,and media.From the viewpoint of hemodynamics,the Palmaz-Schatz stent also performs better and it has smaller areas of adverse low WSS(<0.5 Pa),high WSS(>15 Pa),low AWSS(<0.5 Pa),and high WSSG(>5 000 Pa/m).Compared to the commercial Cypher stent,the author-developed Cypher-based C-Rcrown and C-Astrut stents have smaller recoiling,greater maximum plastic stain and larger diameter,which indicates the improved mechanical performance of the Cypher stent.Moreover,both C-Rcrown and C-Astrut have smaller areas of adverse low WSS,high WSS,and low AWSS,but only C-Rcrown has smaller area of adverse high WSSG.Nevertheless,the C-Rlink stent is inferior to the commercial Cypher stent.In both senses of the solid mechanical and local hemodynamic analyses,the C-Rcrown stent is superior to the commercial Cypher stent and other Cypher-based stents.Conclusions In this study,solid mechanical and hemodynamic analyses were carried out to study the effects of six stents with different structures on their performances after stenting.It was found that the Palmaz-Schatz stent performed better than other two commercial stents,and the performance of the Cypher stent could be improved by reducing the number of crowns of its strut.The present study comparatively evaluates the performance of different stents inside a curved artery,and could be used as a guide to select a suitable commercial stent for clinical application,and provide a way to improve the performance of the existing commercial stents.
基金financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federationthe International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant No.132744KYSB20190039。
文摘The first data on P-T metamorphic conditions coupled with U-Pb monazite and zircon age obtained for the Neoarchean Kitoy granulite-gneiss terrane(SW Siberian Craton).Alumina gneisses of the Kitoy terrane indicate two-staged metamorphic evolution.The first stage of regional metamorphism(M1)occurred at high-amphibolite facies conditions at T=780-800℃ and P=8-9 kbar.The second stage(M2)belongs to MT-HT/LP type of metamorphism with the wide temperature interval 600-750℃ and pressure 2-4 kbar.Two age peaks were established on the basis of U-Pb monazite and zircon dating in garnet-anthophyllite gneisses.Both of them correspond to the Neoarchean age:the age of M1 falls into the interval of ca.2489-2496 Ma,the age of M2-ca.2446-2456 Ma.The high-temperature metamorphism of the Kitoy block and nearly coeval granitoid magmatism can be an evidence for the Neoarchean collision in SW Siberian craton.
文摘Innovative computational modeling and methods have been developed and widely used in cardiovascular research and beyond.In this special issue,leading experts in their respective areas were invited to present their novel computational models,numerical methods with new and ground-breaking biomedical and clinical applications in ventrical valve mechanics,arteries,aneurysm,medical devices and treatment techniques,as well as microscale studies at cell and molecule levels,and others.Thirteen papers were selected to form this special issue which has 3 parts:Part I included 5 cardiovascular modeling papers.Part II has 4 papers where numerical methods were developed to design,analyze,and improve various medical devices.Part III selected 4 papers with wide applications including eye,ear,endocytosis,and liver.A brief introduction on each paper is given below.
基金Supported by a grant from the Science and Technology Department of Liaoning Province (No. 2010225034)
文摘Objective:We studied the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and the relationship between such expression and clinicopathological features of NSCLC.Methods:One hundred cases of tissue specimen including NSCLC,neighboring noncancerous tissue and normal lung tissue were collected at random.These specimens were detected by immunohistochemical methods.Results:The expression of cyclin B1 and survivin showed significant difference(P < 0.01) between NSCLC tissues,proliferating epithelial cells of bronchioles and small bronchi in neighboring noncancerous tissues,and normal lung tissues.Compared with normal lung tissues,there was an overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin in NSCLC and an enhancing expression of cyclin B1 and survivin in proliferating epithelial cells of bronchioles and small bronchi in neighboring noncancerous tissues.Significantly positive correlation was found between the overexpression of cyclin B1 and that of survivin in 100 NSCLC cases(P < 0.01).The significantly positive correlation was also found between the enhancing expression of cyclin B1 and that of survivin in proliferating epithelial cells of bronchioles and small bronchi in neighboring noncancerous tissues(P < 0.01).No statistical significance was found between the different histological types,the differentiated degree,lymphatic metastasis and the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin(P > 0.05) in NSCLC.Statistical significance was marked between different clinical stages of NSCLC and the expression of cyclin B1 and survivin(P < 0.05).Conclusion:The overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin was found in NSCLC.The expression of cyclin B1 and survivin might be up-regulated during an early step of tumorigenesis and during the development of NSCLC.The progression of cell cycle could be efficiently connected with the control of apoptosis by the interrelations between the overexpression of cyclin B1 and that of survivin in NSCLC during the G2/M phase.The overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin might be used as marker in showing the dividing and proliferating ability,and the inhibiting apoptosis ability(lengthening cell lifespan) of NSCLC.Moreover,the overexpression of cyclin B1 and survivin was associated with the clinic stages of NSCLC.
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.71703127).
文摘Trust is a key dimension in the principal-agent relationship and it has been studied extensively.However,the dynamics,evolution,and intrinsic motivation and mechanisms have received less attention.This paper investigates the intrinsic motivation of trust and it proposes a theoretical model of trust evolution that is based on the notion of‘trust response’and‘trust spiral’.We then specifically focus on trust within the lending relationship between banks and small businesses,and we run numerical simulations to further illustrate the evolution of involved mutual trust over time.Our model provides implications for future research in both trust evolution and small business lending relationships.
基金Supported by Project of Collection,Cataloguing and Utilization of Perennial Forage Grass Germplasm Resources(NB2012-2130135-33)Conservation Project for Forage Grass Germplasm Resources
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and amplification process for Elymus sibiricus L. , to provide sci- entific basis for exploring the genetic diversity of E. sibiricus germplasm resources. [ Method] Orthogonal design and single factor test were applied to establish the ISSR-PCR reaction system of E. sibiricus, optimize the influencing factors including Taq DNA polymerase, DNA template concentration, Mg2 ＋ , dNTP, primer concentration, and screen the annealing temperature, number of cycles and extension time. [ Result ] The optimal reaction system for ISSR analysis contains 0.2 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.2 μmol/L ISSR primers, 1.5 U of Taq DNA polymerase, 2.5 μl of 10 × PCR Buffer, 1.5 mmol/L MgC12 and 40 ng of template DNA in 25 μl total volume; the amplification was conducted with 35 cycles and extension time of 90 s. [ Conclusion] ISSR-PCR reaction system for E. sibiricus was established and optimized, and then verified using two E. sibiricus germplasrns, demonstrating that the ISSR-PCR reaction system is stable and can be used for the genetic analysis of E. sibiricus.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070292 to J.L.)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD20190929173906742 to J.L.)+1 种基金The Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes(2019KSYS006 to J.L.)Scientific Research Funding for postdoctoral researchers staying at Shenzhen(K19227561,K21227504 to W.Z.).
文摘Plants deploy versatile scaffold proteins to intricately modulate complex cell signaling.Among these,RACK1A(Receptors for Activated C Kinase 1A)stands out as a multifaceted scaffold protein functioning as a central integrative hub for diverse signaling pathways.However,the precise mechanisms by which RACK1A orchestrates signal transduction to optimize seedling development remain largely unclear.Here,we demonstrate that RACK1A facilitates hypocotyl elongation by functioning as a flexible platform that connects multiple key components of light signaling pathways.RACK1A interacts with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR(PIF)3,enhances PIF3 binding to the promoter of BBX11 and down-regulates its transcription.Furthermore,RACK1A associates with ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)to repress HY5 biochemical activity toward target genes,ultimately contributing to hypocotyl elongation.In darkness,RACK1A is targeted by CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC(COP)1 upon phosphorylation and subjected to COP1-mediated degradation via the 26 S proteasome system.Our findings provide new insights into how plants utilize scaffold proteins to regulate hypocotyl elongation,ensuring proper skoto-and photo-morphogenic development.
基金supported by the President Foundation of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University(2022A018)the China Postdoctoral Research Foundation(2021M7016).
文摘Depression is a major contributor to poor global health and disability,with a recently increasing incidence.Although drug therapy is commonly used to treat depression,conventional antidepressant drugs have several disadvantages,including slow onset,low response rates and severe adverse effects.Therefore,developing effective therapies for depression remains challenging.Although various aetiological theories of depression exist,the underlying mechanisms of depression are complex,and further research is crucial.Moreover,oxidative stress(OS)-induced lipid peroxidation has been demonstrated to trigger ferroptosis.Both OS and ferroptosis are pivotal mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders,and investigation of the mediators involved in these processes has emerged as a prominent and active research direction.One previous study revealed that regulatory proteins involved in ferroptosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of depression,and antidepressant drugs could reverse depressive symptoms by inhibiting ferroptosis in vivo,suggesting an important role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of depression.Hence,our current comprehensive review offers an up-to-date perspective on the intricate mechanisms involved,specifically concerning ferroptosis and OS in the context of depression,along with promising prospects for using molecular mediators to target ferroptosis.We delineate the key targets of molecular mediators involved in OS and ferroptosis implicated in depression,most notably reactive oxygen species and iron overload.Considering the pivotal role of OS-induced ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders,delving deeper into the underlying subsequent mechanisms will contribute significantly to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for depression.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82203320).
文摘In recent years,cryotherapy has gained increasing acceptance as a treatment for prostate cancer,offering complementary therapeutic benefits when combined with radical surgery and radiotherapy.Despite the potential for surgical complications,it stands as a safe and viable therapeutic modality.Cryotherapy provides an efficient approach for elderly patients,especially those with compromised physical conditions and individuals experiencing recurrence after initial treatment.It has shown promise in extending survival periods and improving the overall quality of life for these patients.This article aims to comprehensively examine the developmental trajectory,surgical techniques,indications,therapeutic outcomes,and potential complications associated within prostate cancer treatment.
