采用热解法制备FeN/C催化剂,考察催化剂前驱体中氮含量对其氧还原活性的影响.使用X射线衍射、比表面积和孔径分布测试、透射电子显微镜以及热重分析等方法对催化剂的结构、形貌及催化剂前驱体的热性质等进行表征,使用线性扫描伏安法对...采用热解法制备FeN/C催化剂,考察催化剂前驱体中氮含量对其氧还原活性的影响.使用X射线衍射、比表面积和孔径分布测试、透射电子显微镜以及热重分析等方法对催化剂的结构、形貌及催化剂前驱体的热性质等进行表征,使用线性扫描伏安法对催化剂的氧还原活性进行测试.结果表明,以1,10-菲啰啉为氮源,FeCl3为铁源,Black Pearl 2000为载体,催化剂前驱体中1,10-菲啰啉含量为20wt%,Fe含量为1wt%时,热处理制备所得催化剂粒子分布均匀,比表面积为824.48 m2·g-1,平均孔隙为10.58 nm,表面的氮元素含量为0.31wt%;并具有最好的氧还原催化活性.催化剂前驱体中氮源含量在热解过程中导致催化剂的比表面积、孔径结构及表面氮元素含量的变化是影响催化剂活性的关键因素.展开更多
目的探讨基于领导生命周期理论(situational leadership theory,SLT)的神经外科卧床患者肺康复干预方案的制订与实施效果,评价神经外科卧床患者肺康复干预方案的实用性。方法选取暨南大学附属第五医院2022年1月—2023年3月100例神经外...目的探讨基于领导生命周期理论(situational leadership theory,SLT)的神经外科卧床患者肺康复干预方案的制订与实施效果,评价神经外科卧床患者肺康复干预方案的实用性。方法选取暨南大学附属第五医院2022年1月—2023年3月100例神经外科卧床患者为研究对象,按照组间资料均衡且具有可比性的原则,将研究对象分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组实施常规肺康复方案,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于SLT理论制订的肺康复干预方案,首先组建研究小组,构建基于SLT理论的肺康复干预方案并实施,连续干预4周。干预后比较两组患者用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in the first second,FEV_(1))水平、康复依从性、生活质量和护理满意程度的差异性。结果观察组干预后的FVC、FEV_(1)指标均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后的康复依从性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后各项生活质量评分中的生理、心理、躯体疼痛、社会功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意程度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于SLT理论制定肺康复干预计划符合神经外科卧床患者需求,该模式能够促进患者肺康复和生活质量的提升,患者康复依从性良好,有利于提高护理满意程度,是一种可行、可借鉴的康复护理模式。展开更多
The acid leaching,ferric leaching,and bioleaching of chalcocite and pyrite minerals were conducted in two sets of 3L stirred reactors.The dissolution rates of copper and iron were correlated with leaching conditions.I...The acid leaching,ferric leaching,and bioleaching of chalcocite and pyrite minerals were conducted in two sets of 3L stirred reactors.The dissolution rates of copper and iron were correlated with leaching conditions.In the acid leaching process,the dissolution rate of chalcocite was around 40wt.% while that of pyrite was less than 4%.In the ferric leaching process with high ferric concentration,only 10 wt.% of iron in pyrite was leached out at the same retention time though the copper recovery over 60 wt.% in chalcocite.For the bioleaching process,the chalcocite leaching rate was highly increased,nearly 90 wt.% of copper was leached out,and the iron dissolution of pyrite exceeded 70 wt.%.For the two minerals,the bioleaching shows the highest leaching rate compared with the acid leaching or ferric leaching.In uncontrolled bioleaching process,pyrite could be dissolved effectively.The experimental data were fitted to the shrinking core and particle model.The results show that in all the leaching tests,the chalcocite leaching was mainly controlled by diffusion,while for the pyrite leaching,chemical reaction is the main rate-determining step.展开更多
The bottleneck of strontium compounds preparing from celestite is the promotion of Sr/S isolation efficiency.Low energy consumption and zero release method for isolating Sr/S in preparing Sr(OH)2 process from celestit...The bottleneck of strontium compounds preparing from celestite is the promotion of Sr/S isolation efficiency.Low energy consumption and zero release method for isolating Sr/S in preparing Sr(OH)2 process from celestite in mild condition was described.Sr element remained in precipitation with formation of Sr(OH)2,while S element entered into leachate with formation of Na2SO4.The effects of initial concentration of NaOH,conversion temperature,liquid-to-solid(L/S)ratio and conversion time on Sr/S ratio of samples for celestite conversion were systematically investigated by experiments.The results demonstrated that the efficiency of Sr/S isolation increased with the initial concentration of NaOH,L/S ratio and conversion time,and decreased with conversion temperature.The maximum conversion ratio of Sr(OH)2 was 93.88%under the optimum condition,whose Sr/S ratio of sample could reach to 41.16.It illustrated that better isolation efficiency of celestite could be achieved in alkaline treatment.The results of SEM-EDS analyses demonstrated that the conversion reaction was a dissolution-precipitation process.展开更多
To fully utilize Panzhihua titanium resources, a new process was proposed. In the process, Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate was first reduced in a rotary hearth furnace （RHF） to produce a titanium-rich material and ir...To fully utilize Panzhihua titanium resources, a new process was proposed. In the process, Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate was first reduced in a rotary hearth furnace （RHF） to produce a titanium-rich material and iron. The titanium-rich material was then used in a new chlorination process to produce TiCl4. The comparison of different groups of experimental results or calculation results showed that the utilization ratio of material was improved by using the titanium-rich material after pretreatment other than low level titanic ilmenite directly and the combined fluidized beds （FTF） were more likely to reduce bed height and reaction time than the single fluidized beds （Single F or Single T） under the condition of the same chlorination conversion ratio. Finally, the influence of reduction temperature and the anti-agglomeration capacity of the combined fluidized bed was analyzed.展开更多
文摘采用热解法制备FeN/C催化剂,考察催化剂前驱体中氮含量对其氧还原活性的影响.使用X射线衍射、比表面积和孔径分布测试、透射电子显微镜以及热重分析等方法对催化剂的结构、形貌及催化剂前驱体的热性质等进行表征,使用线性扫描伏安法对催化剂的氧还原活性进行测试.结果表明,以1,10-菲啰啉为氮源,FeCl3为铁源,Black Pearl 2000为载体,催化剂前驱体中1,10-菲啰啉含量为20wt%,Fe含量为1wt%时,热处理制备所得催化剂粒子分布均匀,比表面积为824.48 m2·g-1,平均孔隙为10.58 nm,表面的氮元素含量为0.31wt%;并具有最好的氧还原催化活性.催化剂前驱体中氮源含量在热解过程中导致催化剂的比表面积、孔径结构及表面氮元素含量的变化是影响催化剂活性的关键因素.
文摘目的探讨基于领导生命周期理论(situational leadership theory,SLT)的神经外科卧床患者肺康复干预方案的制订与实施效果,评价神经外科卧床患者肺康复干预方案的实用性。方法选取暨南大学附属第五医院2022年1月—2023年3月100例神经外科卧床患者为研究对象,按照组间资料均衡且具有可比性的原则,将研究对象分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组实施常规肺康复方案,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于SLT理论制订的肺康复干预方案,首先组建研究小组,构建基于SLT理论的肺康复干预方案并实施,连续干预4周。干预后比较两组患者用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in the first second,FEV_(1))水平、康复依从性、生活质量和护理满意程度的差异性。结果观察组干预后的FVC、FEV_(1)指标均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后的康复依从性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后各项生活质量评分中的生理、心理、躯体疼痛、社会功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意程度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于SLT理论制定肺康复干预计划符合神经外科卧床患者需求,该模式能够促进患者肺康复和生活质量的提升,患者康复依从性良好,有利于提高护理满意程度,是一种可行、可借鉴的康复护理模式。
基金financially by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (No.2004CB619206)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China (No.2010J05158)
文摘The acid leaching,ferric leaching,and bioleaching of chalcocite and pyrite minerals were conducted in two sets of 3L stirred reactors.The dissolution rates of copper and iron were correlated with leaching conditions.In the acid leaching process,the dissolution rate of chalcocite was around 40wt.% while that of pyrite was less than 4%.In the ferric leaching process with high ferric concentration,only 10 wt.% of iron in pyrite was leached out at the same retention time though the copper recovery over 60 wt.% in chalcocite.For the bioleaching process,the chalcocite leaching rate was highly increased,nearly 90 wt.% of copper was leached out,and the iron dissolution of pyrite exceeded 70 wt.%.For the two minerals,the bioleaching shows the highest leaching rate compared with the acid leaching or ferric leaching.In uncontrolled bioleaching process,pyrite could be dissolved effectively.The experimental data were fitted to the shrinking core and particle model.The results show that in all the leaching tests,the chalcocite leaching was mainly controlled by diffusion,while for the pyrite leaching,chemical reaction is the main rate-determining step.
基金Project(2015-GX-108A)supported by Qinghai Provincial Science and Technology Support Program,China
文摘The bottleneck of strontium compounds preparing from celestite is the promotion of Sr/S isolation efficiency.Low energy consumption and zero release method for isolating Sr/S in preparing Sr(OH)2 process from celestite in mild condition was described.Sr element remained in precipitation with formation of Sr(OH)2,while S element entered into leachate with formation of Na2SO4.The effects of initial concentration of NaOH,conversion temperature,liquid-to-solid(L/S)ratio and conversion time on Sr/S ratio of samples for celestite conversion were systematically investigated by experiments.The results demonstrated that the efficiency of Sr/S isolation increased with the initial concentration of NaOH,L/S ratio and conversion time,and decreased with conversion temperature.The maximum conversion ratio of Sr(OH)2 was 93.88%under the optimum condition,whose Sr/S ratio of sample could reach to 41.16.It illustrated that better isolation efficiency of celestite could be achieved in alkaline treatment.The results of SEM-EDS analyses demonstrated that the conversion reaction was a dissolution-precipitation process.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (20306030)
文摘To fully utilize Panzhihua titanium resources, a new process was proposed. In the process, Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate was first reduced in a rotary hearth furnace （RHF） to produce a titanium-rich material and iron. The titanium-rich material was then used in a new chlorination process to produce TiCl4. The comparison of different groups of experimental results or calculation results showed that the utilization ratio of material was improved by using the titanium-rich material after pretreatment other than low level titanic ilmenite directly and the combined fluidized beds （FTF） were more likely to reduce bed height and reaction time than the single fluidized beds （Single F or Single T） under the condition of the same chlorination conversion ratio. Finally, the influence of reduction temperature and the anti-agglomeration capacity of the combined fluidized bed was analyzed.
