An optical field with sub-nm confinement is essential for exploring atomic-or molecular-level light-matter interaction.While such fields demonstrated so far have typically point-like cross-sections,an optical field ha...An optical field with sub-nm confinement is essential for exploring atomic-or molecular-level light-matter interaction.While such fields demonstrated so far have typically point-like cross-sections,an optical field having a higher-dimensional cross-section may offer higher flexibility and/or efficiency in applications.Here,we propose generating a nanoscale blade-like optical field in a coupled nanofiber pair(CNP)with a 1-nm-width central slit.Based on a strong mode coupling-enabled slit waveguide mode,a sub-nm-thickness blade-like optical field can be generated with a cross-section down to~0.28 nm×38 nm at 1550 nm wavelength(i.e.,a thickness of~λ_(0)∕5000)and a peak-to-background intensity ratio(PBR)higher than 20 d B.The slit waveguide mode of the CNP can be launched from one of the two nanofibers that are connected to a standard optical fiber via an adiabatical fiber taper,in which a fundamental waveguide mode of the fiber can be converted into a high-purity slit mode with high efficiency(>98%)within a CNP length of less than 10μm at 1550 nm wavelength.The wavelengthdependent behaviors and group velocity dispersion in mode converting processes are also investigated,showing that such a CNP-based design is also suitable for broadband and ultrafast pulsed operation.Our results may open up new opportunities for studying light-matter interaction down to the sub-nm scale,as well as for exploring ultra-high-resolution optical technology ranging from super-resolution nanoscopy to chemical bond manipulation.展开更多
We propose to generate a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode in a coupled nanowire pair(CNP).We show that,when a conventional waveguide mode with a proper polarization is evanescently c...We propose to generate a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode in a coupled nanowire pair(CNP).We show that,when a conventional waveguide mode with a proper polarization is evanescently coupled into a properly designed CNP with a central nanoslit,it can be efficiently channeled into a high-purity nanoslit mode within a waveguiding length<10μm.The CNP can be either freestanding or on-chip by using a tapered fiber or planar waveguide for input-coupling,with a coupling efficiency up to 95%.Within the slit region,the output diffraction-limited nanoslit mode offers an extremely confined optical field(∼0.3 nm×3.3 nm)with a peak-to-background ratio higher than 25 dB and can be operated within a 200-nm bandwidth.The group velocity dispersion of the nanoslit mode for ultrafast pulsed operation is also briefly investigated.Compared with the previous lasing configuration,the waveguiding scheme demonstrated here is not only simple and straightforward in structural design but is also much flexible and versatile in operation.Therefore,the waveguiding scheme we show here may offer an efficient and flexible platform for exploring light–matter interactions beyond the nanometer scale,and developing optical technologies ranging from superresolution nanoscopy and atom/molecule manipulation to ultra-sensitivity detection.展开更多
基金New Cornerstone Science Foundation(NCI202216)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175213,92150302)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LR21F050002)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023QZJH27)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB2200404)。
文摘An optical field with sub-nm confinement is essential for exploring atomic-or molecular-level light-matter interaction.While such fields demonstrated so far have typically point-like cross-sections,an optical field having a higher-dimensional cross-section may offer higher flexibility and/or efficiency in applications.Here,we propose generating a nanoscale blade-like optical field in a coupled nanofiber pair(CNP)with a 1-nm-width central slit.Based on a strong mode coupling-enabled slit waveguide mode,a sub-nm-thickness blade-like optical field can be generated with a cross-section down to~0.28 nm×38 nm at 1550 nm wavelength(i.e.,a thickness of~λ_(0)∕5000)and a peak-to-background intensity ratio(PBR)higher than 20 d B.The slit waveguide mode of the CNP can be launched from one of the two nanofibers that are connected to a standard optical fiber via an adiabatical fiber taper,in which a fundamental waveguide mode of the fiber can be converted into a high-purity slit mode with high efficiency(>98%)within a CNP length of less than 10μm at 1550 nm wavelength.The wavelengthdependent behaviors and group velocity dispersion in mode converting processes are also investigated,showing that such a CNP-based design is also suitable for broadband and ultrafast pulsed operation.Our results may open up new opportunities for studying light-matter interaction down to the sub-nm scale,as well as for exploring ultra-high-resolution optical technology ranging from super-resolution nanoscopy to chemical bond manipulation.
基金This work was sup-ported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB2200404)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92150302 and 62175213)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LR21F050002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘We propose to generate a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode in a coupled nanowire pair(CNP).We show that,when a conventional waveguide mode with a proper polarization is evanescently coupled into a properly designed CNP with a central nanoslit,it can be efficiently channeled into a high-purity nanoslit mode within a waveguiding length<10μm.The CNP can be either freestanding or on-chip by using a tapered fiber or planar waveguide for input-coupling,with a coupling efficiency up to 95%.Within the slit region,the output diffraction-limited nanoslit mode offers an extremely confined optical field(∼0.3 nm×3.3 nm)with a peak-to-background ratio higher than 25 dB and can be operated within a 200-nm bandwidth.The group velocity dispersion of the nanoslit mode for ultrafast pulsed operation is also briefly investigated.Compared with the previous lasing configuration,the waveguiding scheme demonstrated here is not only simple and straightforward in structural design but is also much flexible and versatile in operation.Therefore,the waveguiding scheme we show here may offer an efficient and flexible platform for exploring light–matter interactions beyond the nanometer scale,and developing optical technologies ranging from superresolution nanoscopy and atom/molecule manipulation to ultra-sensitivity detection.
