The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is multifaceted,involving genetic susceptibility,immune dysregulation,alterations in the gut microbiota,and environmental factors.Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors can...The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is multifaceted,involving genetic susceptibility,immune dysregulation,alterations in the gut microbiota,and environmental factors.Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors can disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier,leading to chronic nonspecific inflammation,local structural changes,and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Historically,due to a lack of effective treatments,recurrent inflammation and microcirculatory disturbances could result in complications such as intestinal fistulas,strictures,obstructions,perforations,gastrointestinal bleeding,sepsis,etc.,thereby increasing the risk of intestinal cell carcinoma and mortality.While the overall incidence of IBD remains at 0.5%in North America and Europe,its annual incidence is increasing in Asia,Africa,and South America,resulting in a growing number of patients and warning significant attention.Recent research has highlighted mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy as an innovative treatment option for IBD due to its capacity to modulate inflammatory immune responses and promote tissue regeneration.A current preclinical study has shown a promising result,with systemic administration of MSCs in patients with reduced intestinal inflammation and no intestinal inflammation.In addition,in a new study,the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(MSC-EXOs)was successful,a type derived from mesenchymal stem cells,was successful,especially in patients with refractory anal fistula.Consequently,MSC therapy has become a preferred approach in IBD treatment,showcasing the potential application prospects for stem cell-based therapy in IBD.However,clinical research in this field still needs to refine strategies and further explore to lay a solid foundation.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is primarily caused by Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).Approximately 50%of Chinese people have H.pylori,and H.pylori is responsible for 90%of stomach cancer cases.Thus far,the best method of preventing...Gastric cancer(GC)is primarily caused by Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).Approximately 50%of Chinese people have H.pylori,and H.pylori is responsible for 90%of stomach cancer cases.Thus far,the best method of preventing the development of stomach cancer is the inhibition of H.pylori.The incidence and fatality rates of stomach cancer can be considerably reduced by population-based H.pylori eradication.展开更多
A possible link is suggested between hepatic diseases and rheumatic disease. Polyarthralgia and polyarthritis may be seen during the prodromal period of acute viral hepatitis, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV). Th...A possible link is suggested between hepatic diseases and rheumatic disease. Polyarthralgia and polyarthritis may be seen during the prodromal period of acute viral hepatitis, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV). The symptoms of arthritis, mild, localized or generalized, mostly involve the small joints of hands. Joint symptoms frequently precede the onset of jaundice, no residual joint deformities. Circulating immune complexes are believed to play a causative role in the development of vasculitis and arthritis. Hemochromatosis is an antosomal recessive disorder of iron. About 43%-81% of patients with hemochromatosis have arthritis. The common extrahepatic manifestations of autoimmune hepatitis are arthralgia and skin rash. The reported prevalence of symptomatic inflammatory arthropathy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis ranges from 4% to 50%. Skeletal involvement with Wilson's disease is common. Such patients may complain of pain and stiffness, mainly in the knee, wrist, or other large joints. Shwachman's syndrome is a disorder of pancreatic exocrine. Symmetric bone lesions have been reported in 10% to 15% of patients. They are involved predominantly at the femoral neck. Rheumatic symptoms are seen in one third of adult patients with cystic fibrosis and arthritis in 2.5% to 12% of patients. The arthritis caused by pancreatic panniculitis is usually symmetrical and involves the small joints of the hand, wrist, and feet, but may involve such larger joints as the elbow, ankle, and knee.展开更多
Hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation after chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy is a cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Not all chronic hepatitis B patients will lead to HBV reactivation. The incidenc...Hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation after chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy is a cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Not all chronic hepatitis B patients will lead to HBV reactivation. The incidence is 0.3%-30.2% according to the reports. The mechanism of HBV reactivation is still unclear, but it is believed that the viral load is increasing due to the suppression of immune response. No uniform diagnostic criteria are available. HBV reactivation can be confirmed by an increase of serum HBV DNA level. Recently, awareness of reactivation of occult HBV has been improved, especially in HBV endemic area. Preemptive antiviral therapy was the best approach to prevent the HBV reactivation. HBV reactivation can lead to acute hepatitis, severe hepatitis and acute liver failure. Therefore, it is worthy of great attention and further study. Antiviral therapy is safe and effective to prevent HBV reactivation.展开更多
Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a characteristic clinical liver syndrome, which should be differentiated from acute liver failure, acute decompensated liver cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. The pathogenesis of A...Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a characteristic clinical liver syndrome, which should be differentiated from acute liver failure, acute decompensated liver cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. The pathogenesis of ACLF is not fully understood yet. Viral factors and immune injury have been reported to be the two major pathogenesis. This paper reviewed the researches on the pathogenesis of acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure in recent years, to provide theoretical basis for prompt and accurate diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. This would benefit for the prognosis and raise the survival rate of patients.展开更多
The association of gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been widely studied in recent years.Gene mutations are closely related to HCC.Understanding and measuring the gene mutations ...The association of gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been widely studied in recent years.Gene mutations are closely related to HCC.Understanding and measuring the gene mutations are useful to reduce the incidence of HCC and improve its prognosis.展开更多
This paper reviews the recent Helicobacter infection associated with chronic liver disease. The bacteriology, prevalence, pathogenesis and diagnosis were reviewed. Future work should be conducted on the pathogenesis a...This paper reviews the recent Helicobacter infection associated with chronic liver disease. The bacteriology, prevalence, pathogenesis and diagnosis were reviewed. Future work should be conducted on the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease.展开更多
The incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is the highest among chronic liver disease worldwide,accounting for one-fourth to one-third of the world population and seriously affecting people's ...The incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is the highest among chronic liver disease worldwide,accounting for one-fourth to one-third of the world population and seriously affecting people's health.MAFLD is a multi-systemic disease,which is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of many diseases.With an increase in research,studies have shown that MAFLD is associated with hepatitis virus infection,and this interaction affects the prognosis of the disease.This paper thus reviews the recent research progress in this field.展开更多
Metabolisc-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a multi-system disease in which cardiovascular disease plays an important role and is considered the main cause of death.Notably,cardiovascular disease events in youn...Metabolisc-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a multi-system disease in which cardiovascular disease plays an important role and is considered the main cause of death.Notably,cardiovascular disease events in young patients with MAFLD have attracted extensive attention.This article reviews the research progress on the correlation between MAFLD and cardiovascular disease.展开更多
Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is the most prevalent cause of gastric cancer.According to recent studies,the likelihood of developing gastric cancer can be significantly increased by subtle microbial differenc...Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is the most prevalent cause of gastric cancer.According to recent studies,the likelihood of developing gastric cancer can be significantly increased by subtle microbial differences and has hereditary traits.H.pylori and gastric mucosal begetter cells have a complex relationship because of their ability to recombine epithelial cells and activate stem cells.Gastric antecedent and stem cells can be directly influenced by cell-associated H.pylori,which can colonize gastric organs.The balance between H.pylori’s activities as a symbiont or pathogen can be changed by external and natural factors,such as calories count and gastrointestinal microbiota,which provides information for determining its full carcinogenic potential.展开更多
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a positive diagnostic criterion and metabolic dysfunction is listed as an important cause of hepatic liver disease.MAFLD is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome...Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a positive diagnostic criterion and metabolic dysfunction is listed as an important cause of hepatic liver disease.MAFLD is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a key driver of metabolic syndrome.Glucose and lipid metabolism are disordered in MAFLD,which leads to extrahepatic complications through cytokines,genetic variation,visceral fat accumulation,dietary intake,and complex intestinal microbiome.Extensive clinical evidence suggests that MAFLD is independently associated with various metabolic diseases.With its renaming,the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and treatment of MAFLD and metabolic-related diseases need to be reassessed and studied to lay out a foundation for effective prevention and treatment strategies in the future.展开更多
文摘The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is multifaceted,involving genetic susceptibility,immune dysregulation,alterations in the gut microbiota,and environmental factors.Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors can disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier,leading to chronic nonspecific inflammation,local structural changes,and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Historically,due to a lack of effective treatments,recurrent inflammation and microcirculatory disturbances could result in complications such as intestinal fistulas,strictures,obstructions,perforations,gastrointestinal bleeding,sepsis,etc.,thereby increasing the risk of intestinal cell carcinoma and mortality.While the overall incidence of IBD remains at 0.5%in North America and Europe,its annual incidence is increasing in Asia,Africa,and South America,resulting in a growing number of patients and warning significant attention.Recent research has highlighted mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy as an innovative treatment option for IBD due to its capacity to modulate inflammatory immune responses and promote tissue regeneration.A current preclinical study has shown a promising result,with systemic administration of MSCs in patients with reduced intestinal inflammation and no intestinal inflammation.In addition,in a new study,the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(MSC-EXOs)was successful,a type derived from mesenchymal stem cells,was successful,especially in patients with refractory anal fistula.Consequently,MSC therapy has become a preferred approach in IBD treatment,showcasing the potential application prospects for stem cell-based therapy in IBD.However,clinical research in this field still needs to refine strategies and further explore to lay a solid foundation.
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is primarily caused by Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).Approximately 50%of Chinese people have H.pylori,and H.pylori is responsible for 90%of stomach cancer cases.Thus far,the best method of preventing the development of stomach cancer is the inhibition of H.pylori.The incidence and fatality rates of stomach cancer can be considerably reduced by population-based H.pylori eradication.
文摘A possible link is suggested between hepatic diseases and rheumatic disease. Polyarthralgia and polyarthritis may be seen during the prodromal period of acute viral hepatitis, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV). The symptoms of arthritis, mild, localized or generalized, mostly involve the small joints of hands. Joint symptoms frequently precede the onset of jaundice, no residual joint deformities. Circulating immune complexes are believed to play a causative role in the development of vasculitis and arthritis. Hemochromatosis is an antosomal recessive disorder of iron. About 43%-81% of patients with hemochromatosis have arthritis. The common extrahepatic manifestations of autoimmune hepatitis are arthralgia and skin rash. The reported prevalence of symptomatic inflammatory arthropathy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis ranges from 4% to 50%. Skeletal involvement with Wilson's disease is common. Such patients may complain of pain and stiffness, mainly in the knee, wrist, or other large joints. Shwachman's syndrome is a disorder of pancreatic exocrine. Symmetric bone lesions have been reported in 10% to 15% of patients. They are involved predominantly at the femoral neck. Rheumatic symptoms are seen in one third of adult patients with cystic fibrosis and arthritis in 2.5% to 12% of patients. The arthritis caused by pancreatic panniculitis is usually symmetrical and involves the small joints of the hand, wrist, and feet, but may involve such larger joints as the elbow, ankle, and knee.
文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation after chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy is a cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Not all chronic hepatitis B patients will lead to HBV reactivation. The incidence is 0.3%-30.2% according to the reports. The mechanism of HBV reactivation is still unclear, but it is believed that the viral load is increasing due to the suppression of immune response. No uniform diagnostic criteria are available. HBV reactivation can be confirmed by an increase of serum HBV DNA level. Recently, awareness of reactivation of occult HBV has been improved, especially in HBV endemic area. Preemptive antiviral therapy was the best approach to prevent the HBV reactivation. HBV reactivation can lead to acute hepatitis, severe hepatitis and acute liver failure. Therefore, it is worthy of great attention and further study. Antiviral therapy is safe and effective to prevent HBV reactivation.
文摘Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a characteristic clinical liver syndrome, which should be differentiated from acute liver failure, acute decompensated liver cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. The pathogenesis of ACLF is not fully understood yet. Viral factors and immune injury have been reported to be the two major pathogenesis. This paper reviewed the researches on the pathogenesis of acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure in recent years, to provide theoretical basis for prompt and accurate diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. This would benefit for the prognosis and raise the survival rate of patients.
文摘The association of gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been widely studied in recent years.Gene mutations are closely related to HCC.Understanding and measuring the gene mutations are useful to reduce the incidence of HCC and improve its prognosis.
文摘This paper reviews the recent Helicobacter infection associated with chronic liver disease. The bacteriology, prevalence, pathogenesis and diagnosis were reviewed. Future work should be conducted on the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease.
文摘The incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is the highest among chronic liver disease worldwide,accounting for one-fourth to one-third of the world population and seriously affecting people's health.MAFLD is a multi-systemic disease,which is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of many diseases.With an increase in research,studies have shown that MAFLD is associated with hepatitis virus infection,and this interaction affects the prognosis of the disease.This paper thus reviews the recent research progress in this field.
文摘Metabolisc-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a multi-system disease in which cardiovascular disease plays an important role and is considered the main cause of death.Notably,cardiovascular disease events in young patients with MAFLD have attracted extensive attention.This article reviews the research progress on the correlation between MAFLD and cardiovascular disease.
文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is the most prevalent cause of gastric cancer.According to recent studies,the likelihood of developing gastric cancer can be significantly increased by subtle microbial differences and has hereditary traits.H.pylori and gastric mucosal begetter cells have a complex relationship because of their ability to recombine epithelial cells and activate stem cells.Gastric antecedent and stem cells can be directly influenced by cell-associated H.pylori,which can colonize gastric organs.The balance between H.pylori’s activities as a symbiont or pathogen can be changed by external and natural factors,such as calories count and gastrointestinal microbiota,which provides information for determining its full carcinogenic potential.
文摘Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a positive diagnostic criterion and metabolic dysfunction is listed as an important cause of hepatic liver disease.MAFLD is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a key driver of metabolic syndrome.Glucose and lipid metabolism are disordered in MAFLD,which leads to extrahepatic complications through cytokines,genetic variation,visceral fat accumulation,dietary intake,and complex intestinal microbiome.Extensive clinical evidence suggests that MAFLD is independently associated with various metabolic diseases.With its renaming,the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and treatment of MAFLD and metabolic-related diseases need to be reassessed and studied to lay out a foundation for effective prevention and treatment strategies in the future.
