Caragana korshinskii kom. (CKK) waste, a common forestry byproduct in northwest of China, presents challenges in its transformation into alternative ruminant feed due to its initial nutritional limitations and unappea...Caragana korshinskii kom. (CKK) waste, a common forestry byproduct in northwest of China, presents challenges in its transformation into alternative ruminant feed due to its initial nutritional limitations and unappealing palatability. Conventional strategies, such as ensiling and fungal- based solid-state fermentation (SSF) cannot effectively address this issue in practice. Herein, a two-stage bioaugmentation (TBA) process was devised, leveraging the benefits of ensiling and SSF. During the anaerobic ensiling phase, CKK waste was inoculated with Lactiplantibacillus plan- tarum LP1, effectively suppressing potential animal pathogens such as Aspergillus and Nocardiop- sis while enriching the material with potential probiotics like Pediococcus and Lactiplantibacillus , reaching an abundance of 95.7%. In the subsequent aerobic SSF stage, the ensiled CKK under- went inoculation with the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus F17, which became enriched to 87.9%. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identified Irpex as the key taxon, possessing an extensive redox enzyme system that led to the improvement in nutrient composition, reduction of astrin- gent phenolic substances, and mitigation of mycotoxins. As a result, the crude protein content of the CKK increased by 39.2%, while lignin, total phenolic substances, and tannic acid content de- creased by 24.4%, 52.2%, and 51.4%, respectively. The mycotoxin levels, including aflatoxin B1 , zearalenone, and vomitoxin, were rendered negligible, confirming the safety. Overall, this study demonstrates the TBA strategy can successfully transform challenging and unpalatable CKK waste into a nutrient-enriched and safe mycelium-based bioproduct, thereby enabling the valorization of a previously underutilized forestry resource as a promising alternative feed.展开更多
Functionalized carbon nanotubes have already demonstrated great biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery.We have synthesized acid oxidized and non-covalently PEGlyated single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs),whi...Functionalized carbon nanotubes have already demonstrated great biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery.We have synthesized acid oxidized and non-covalently PEGlyated single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs),which were previously prepared for drug delivery purposes,and explored their potential for detoxification in the bloodstream.Our investigations of the binding of SWNTs to a pore-forming toxin pyolysin show that SWNTs prevented toxin-induced pore formation in the cell membrane of human red blood cells.Quantitative hemolysis assay and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the inhibition of hemolytic activity of pyolysin.According to Raman spectroscopy data,human red blood cells,unlike HeLa cells,did not internalize oxidized SWNTs.Molecular modeling and circular dichroism measurements were used to predict the 3-D structure of pyolysin(domain 4)and its interaction with SWNTs.The tryptophan-rich hydrophobic motif in the membrane-binding domain of pyolysin,a common construct in a large family of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins,shows high affinity for SWNTs.展开更多
基金financed by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0112700)Binzhou Institute of Technology(No.GYY-NYHJ-2023-WT-001)Shiyanjia Lab(www.shiyanjia.com)for the electronic tongue analysis.Marina Tišma would like to thank the Chinese Academy of Sciences for the award of a President’s International Fellowship Initiative(No.2024PVA0097).
文摘Caragana korshinskii kom. (CKK) waste, a common forestry byproduct in northwest of China, presents challenges in its transformation into alternative ruminant feed due to its initial nutritional limitations and unappealing palatability. Conventional strategies, such as ensiling and fungal- based solid-state fermentation (SSF) cannot effectively address this issue in practice. Herein, a two-stage bioaugmentation (TBA) process was devised, leveraging the benefits of ensiling and SSF. During the anaerobic ensiling phase, CKK waste was inoculated with Lactiplantibacillus plan- tarum LP1, effectively suppressing potential animal pathogens such as Aspergillus and Nocardiop- sis while enriching the material with potential probiotics like Pediococcus and Lactiplantibacillus , reaching an abundance of 95.7%. In the subsequent aerobic SSF stage, the ensiled CKK under- went inoculation with the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus F17, which became enriched to 87.9%. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identified Irpex as the key taxon, possessing an extensive redox enzyme system that led to the improvement in nutrient composition, reduction of astrin- gent phenolic substances, and mitigation of mycotoxins. As a result, the crude protein content of the CKK increased by 39.2%, while lignin, total phenolic substances, and tannic acid content de- creased by 24.4%, 52.2%, and 51.4%, respectively. The mycotoxin levels, including aflatoxin B1 , zearalenone, and vomitoxin, were rendered negligible, confirming the safety. Overall, this study demonstrates the TBA strategy can successfully transform challenging and unpalatable CKK waste into a nutrient-enriched and safe mycelium-based bioproduct, thereby enabling the valorization of a previously underutilized forestry resource as a promising alternative feed.
基金by Dr.Tang’s startup fund from University of Waterloo and by grants from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)of Canada.
文摘Functionalized carbon nanotubes have already demonstrated great biocompatibility and potential for drug delivery.We have synthesized acid oxidized and non-covalently PEGlyated single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs),which were previously prepared for drug delivery purposes,and explored their potential for detoxification in the bloodstream.Our investigations of the binding of SWNTs to a pore-forming toxin pyolysin show that SWNTs prevented toxin-induced pore formation in the cell membrane of human red blood cells.Quantitative hemolysis assay and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the inhibition of hemolytic activity of pyolysin.According to Raman spectroscopy data,human red blood cells,unlike HeLa cells,did not internalize oxidized SWNTs.Molecular modeling and circular dichroism measurements were used to predict the 3-D structure of pyolysin(domain 4)and its interaction with SWNTs.The tryptophan-rich hydrophobic motif in the membrane-binding domain of pyolysin,a common construct in a large family of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins,shows high affinity for SWNTs.
