Flexible,breathable,and highly sensitive pressure sensors have increasingly become a focal point of interest due to their pivotal role in healthcare monitoring,advanced electronic skin applications,and disease diagnos...Flexible,breathable,and highly sensitive pressure sensors have increasingly become a focal point of interest due to their pivotal role in healthcare monitoring,advanced electronic skin applications,and disease diagnosis.However,traditional methods,involving elastomer film-based substrates or encapsulation techniques,often fall short due to mechanical mismatches,discomfort,lack of breathability,and limitations in sensing abilities.Consequently,there is a pressing need,yet it remains a significant challenge to create pressure sensors that are not only highly breathable,flexible,and comfortable but also sensitive,durable,and biocompatible.Herein,we present a biocompatible and breathable fabric-based pressure sensor,using nonwoven fabrics as both the sensing electrode(coated with MXene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate[PEDOT:PSS])and the interdigitated electrode(printed with MXene pattern)via a scalable spray-coating and screen-coating technique.The resultant device exhibits commendable air permeability,biocompatibility,and pressure sensing performance,including a remarkable sensitivity(754.5 kPa^(−1)),rapid response/recovery time(180/110 ms),and robust cycling stability.Furthermore,the integration of PEDOT:PSS plays a crucial role in protecting the MXene nanosheets from oxidation,significantly enhancing the device's long-term durability.These outstanding features make this sensor highly suitable for applications in fullrange human activities detection and disease diagnosis.Our study underscores the promising future of flexible pressure sensors in the realm of intelligent wearable electronics,setting a new benchmark for the industry.展开更多
In this work,a two-step metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD)method was applied for growingβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film on c-plane sapphire.Optimized buffer layer growth temperature(T_(B))was found at 700℃ and theβ-...In this work,a two-step metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD)method was applied for growingβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film on c-plane sapphire.Optimized buffer layer growth temperature(T_(B))was found at 700℃ and theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film with full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 0.66°was achieved.A metal−semiconductor−metal(MSM)solar-blind photodetector(PD)was fabricated based on theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film.Ultrahigh responsivity of 1422 A/W@254 nm and photo-to-dark current ratio(PDCR)of 10^(6) at 10 V bias were obtained.The detectivity of 2.5×10^(15) Jones proved that the photodetector has outstanding performance in detecting weak signals.Moreover,the photodetector exhibited superior wavelength selectivity with rejection ratio(R_(250 nm)/R_(400 nm))of 105.These results indicate that the two-step method is a promising approach for preparation of high-qualityβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)films for high-performance solar-blind photodetectors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide,ranking fifth among men and seventh among women,resulting in more than 7 million deaths annually.With the development of med...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide,ranking fifth among men and seventh among women,resulting in more than 7 million deaths annually.With the development of medical tech-nology,the 5-year survival rate of HCC patients can be increased to 70%.How-ever,HCC patients are often at increased risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)death due to exposure to potentially cardiotoxic treatments compared with non-HCC patients.Moreover,CVD and cancer have become major disease burdens worldwide.Thus,further research is needed to lessen the risk of CVD death in HCC patient survivors.METHODS This study was conducted on the basis of the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database and included HCC patients with a diagnosis period from 2010 to 2015.The independent risk factors were identified using the Fine-Gray model.A nomograph was constructed to predict the CVM in HCC patients.The nomograph performance was measured using Harrell’s concordance index(C-index),calibration curve,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and area under the ROC curve(AUC)value.Moreover,the net benefit was estimated via decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS The study included 21545 HCC patients,of whom 619 died of CVD.Age(<60)[1.981(1.573-2.496),P<0.001],marital status(married)[unmarried:1.370(1.076-1.745),P=0.011],alpha fetoprotein(normal)[0.778(0.640-0.946),P=0.012],tumor size(≤2 cm)[(2,5]cm:1.420(1.060-1.903),P=0.019;>5 cm:2.090(1.543-2.830),P<0.001],surgery(no)[0.376(0.297-0.476),P<0.001],and chemotherapy(none/unknown)[0.578(0.472-0.709),P<0.001]were independent risk factors for CVD death in HCC patients.The discrimination and calibration of the nomograph were better.The C-index values for the training and validation sets were 0.736 and 0.665,respectively.The AUC values of the ROC curves at 2,4,and 6 years were 0.702,0.725,0.740 in the training set and 0.697,0.710,0.744 in the validation set,respectively.The calibration curves showed that the predicted probab-ilities of the CVM prediction model in the training set vs the validation set were largely consistent with the actual probabilities.DCA demonstrated that the prediction model has a high net benefit.CONCLUSION Risk factors for CVD death in HCC patients were investigated for the first time.The nomograph served as an important reference tool for relevant clinical management decisions.展开更多
Objective To investigate the impact of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on clopidogrel reactivity and its association with longterm clinical outcome in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)undergoing percutaneous coronar...Objective To investigate the impact of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on clopidogrel reactivity and its association with longterm clinical outcome in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods In total,675 patients were enrolled.Based on the platelet inhibition rate,patients were categorized into two groups:clopidogrel low responsiveness(CLR)and normal clopidogrel responsiveness(NCR).The CLR group was divided into ticagrelor and clopidogrel group based on the antiplatelet drugs used in the follow-up treatment.Patients were classified into three groups(normal metabolizer,intermediate metabolizer,and poor metabolizer)based on the CYP2C19 genotype.We aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on clopidogrel reactivity.The cumulative rates of 12-month all-cause deaths,major adverse cardiovascular events(MACCEs),and bleeding events were calculated.Results CLR was observed in 44.4%of the overall population.Significant differences were observed in the platelet inhibition rate of clopidogrel among the three metabolic genotypes(P<0.05).At the 12-month follow-up,13 patients(1.9%)died and 96 patients(14.2%)experienced MACCEs.Patients with CLR(9.6%vs.11.7%vs.22.1%,P<0.05)or poor metabolizer(10.7%vs.16.4%vs.22.6%,P=0.026)experienced a higher rate of MACCEs.A MACCEs risk score between zero and two was calculated.The highest incidence of MACCEs significantly increased with the 2-positive results,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.712(95%CI:0.650-0.774,P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the group with a score of one and the occurrence of MACCEs(P>0.05).Conclusions Low response to clopidogrel in CHD patients is correlated with CYP2C19 gene polymorphism.CYP2C19 genotyping combined with platelet reactivity is an independent predictor of 12-months MACCEs in patients with clopidogrel treatment after PCI,which is better than either test alone.展开更多
WRKY transcription factors are widely distributed in higher plants and play important roles in many biological processes,including stress resistance.The recently published genome sequence of yellowhorn,an oil tree wit...WRKY transcription factors are widely distributed in higher plants and play important roles in many biological processes,including stress resistance.The recently published genome sequence of yellowhorn,an oil tree with robust resistance to cold,drought,heat,salt and alkali,provides an excellent opportunity to identify and characterize the entire yellowhorn WRKY protein family and a basis for the study of abiotic stress resistance of WRKY gene family in forest species.In the present comprehensive analysis of WRKY transcription factors in yellowhorn,65 WRKY genes were identified and defined based on their location on the chromosome.According to their structure and phylogenetic relationships,XsWRKY genes clustered into WRKY groupsⅠ-Ⅲ.Segmental duplication events played a significant role in the expansion of WRKY gene family.Furthermore,transcriptomic data and real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that expression of XsWRKY genes responding to salt and drought stresses and a hormone treatment.We also determined structures of the encoded proteins,c is-elements of the promoter region,and expression patterns.These results provide a foundation for the study of the biological function of WRKY transcription factors in yellowhorn.展开更多
An in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship between the surface structure,chemical composition,adsorption and desorption of molecules,and their reaction activity and selectivity is necessary for t...An in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship between the surface structure,chemical composition,adsorption and desorption of molecules,and their reaction activity and selectivity is necessary for the rational design of high-performance catalysts.Herein,we present a method for studying catalytic mechanisms using a combination of in situ reaction cells and surface science techniques.The proposed system consists of four parts:preparation chamber,temperatureprogrammed desorption(TPD)chamber,quick load-lock chamber,and in situ reaction cell.The preparation chamber was equipped with setups based on the surface science techniques used for standard sample preparation and characterization,including an Ar+sputter gun,Auger electron spectrometer,and a low-energy electron diffractometer.After a well-defined model catalyst was prepared,the sample was transferred to a TPD chamber to investigate the adsorption and desorption of the probe molecule,or to the reaction cell,to measure the catalytic activity.A thermal desorption experiment for methanol on a clean Cu(111)surface was conducted to demonstrate the functionality of the preparation and TPD chambers.Moreover,the repeatability of the in situ reaction cell experiment was verified by CO_(2) hydrogenation on the Ni(110)surface.At a reaction pressure of 800 Torr at 673 K,turnover frequencies for the methanation reaction and reverse water-gas shift reaction were 0.15 and 7.55 Ni atom^(-1) s^(-1),respectively.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a major health burden with an increasing global incidence.Unfortunately,the unavailability of knowledge underlying NAFLD pathogenesis inhibits effective preventive...BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a major health burden with an increasing global incidence.Unfortunately,the unavailability of knowledge underlying NAFLD pathogenesis inhibits effective preventive and therapeutic measures.AIM To explore the molecular mechanism of NAFLD.METHODS Whole genome sequencing(WGS)analysis was performed on liver tissues from patients with NAFLD(n=6)and patients with normal metabolic conditions(n=6)to identify the target genes.A NAFLD C57BL6/J mouse model induced by 16 wk of high-fat diet feeding and a hepatocyte-specific F-box only protein 2(FBXO2)overexpression mouse model were used for in vivo studies.Plasmid transfection,co-immunoprecipitation-based mass spectrometry assays,and ubiquitination in HepG2 cells and HEK293T cells were used for in vitro studies.RESULTS A total of 30982 genes were detected in WGS analysis,with 649 up-regulated and 178 down-regulated.Expression of FBXO2,an E3 ligase,was upregulated in the liver tissues of patients with NAFLD.Hepatocyte-specific FBXO2 overexpression facilitated NAFLD-associated phenotypes in mice.Overexpression of FBXO2 aggravated odium oleate(OA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells,resulting in an abnormal expression of genes related to lipid metabolism,such as fatty acid synthase,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,and so on.In contrast,knocking down FBXO2 in HepG2 cells significantly alleviated the OA-induced lipid accumulation and aberrant expression of lipid metabolism genes.The hydroxyl CoA dehydrogenase alpha subunit(HADHA),a protein involved in oxidative stress,was a target of FBXO2-mediated ubiquitination.FBXO2 directly bound to HADHA and facilitated its proteasomal degradation in HepG2 and HEK293T cells.Supplementation with HADHA alleviated lipid accumulation caused by FBXO2 overexpression in HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION FBXO2 exacerbates lipid accumulation by targeting HADHA and is a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD。展开更多
Seed weight is a component of seed yield in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Although quantitative trait loci(QTL)for seed weight have been reported in rapeseed,only a few causal quantitative trait genes(QTGs)have been ide...Seed weight is a component of seed yield in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Although quantitative trait loci(QTL)for seed weight have been reported in rapeseed,only a few causal quantitative trait genes(QTGs)have been identified,resulting in a limitation in understanding of seed weight regulation.We constructed a gene coexpression network at the early seed developmental stage using transcripts of 20,408 genes in QTL intervals and 1017 rapeseed homologs of known genes from other species.Among the 10 modules in this gene coexpression network,modules 1 and 2 were core modules and contained genes involved in source–flow–sink processes such as synthesis and transportation of fatty acid and protein,and photosynthesis.A hub gene SERINE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-LIKE 19(SCPL19)was identified by candidate gene association analysis in rapeseed and functionally investigated using Arabidopsis T-DNA mutant and overexpression lines.Our study demonstrates the power of gene coexpression analysis to prioritize candidate genes from large candidate QTG sets and enhances the understanding of molecular mechanism for seed weight at the early developmental stage in rapeseed.展开更多
Fluctuations in outer space's temperature would affect the spacecraft's regular operation.This paper aims to study the temperature influences of the aluminum honeycomb buffer in the tether-net launcher.Firstly...Fluctuations in outer space's temperature would affect the spacecraft's regular operation.This paper aims to study the temperature influences of the aluminum honeycomb buffer in the tether-net launcher.Firstly,a buffer structure was designed to attenuate the pyroshock generated by the pyrotechnic device.Secondly,the mechanical properties of aluminum honeycomb at different temperatures were obtained through quasi-static compression experiments.Then,the internal ballistic responses of the launcher were gained by the closed bomb tests and the equivalent classical interior ballistic model.Finally,the recoil performance of the launcher with aluminum honeycomb buffer at different temperatures was studied.It is revealed that the aluminum honeycomb crushing force gradually decreases with the temperature increases.The peak pressure,burning rate coefficient and velocity increase while the peak time decreases with the temperature increase for the interior ballistics.For the launcher recoil responses,the average launch recoil decreases if the aluminum honeycomb doesn't enter the dense stage.The impact acceleration,projectile velocity and displacement increase as the temperature increase.The paper spotlights the temperature's influence on the recoil characteristics of the aluminum honeycomb buffer,which provides a new idea for buffering technology of pyrotechnic devices in a complex space environment.展开更多
Seed number per silique(SNPS)is one of seed yield components in rapeseed,but its genetic mechanism remains elusive.Here a double haploid(DH)population derived from a hybrid between female 6Q006with 35–40 SNPS and mal...Seed number per silique(SNPS)is one of seed yield components in rapeseed,but its genetic mechanism remains elusive.Here a double haploid(DH)population derived from a hybrid between female 6Q006with 35–40 SNPS and male 6W26 with 10–15 SNPS was investigated for SNPS in the year 2017,2018,2019 and 2021,and genotyped with Brassica 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array.An overlapping major QTL(qSNPS.C09)explaining 51.50%of phenotypic variance on average was narrowed to a 0.90 Mb region from 44.87 Mb to 45.77 Mb on chromosome C09 by BSA-seq.Subsequently,two DEGs in this interval were detected between extreme individuals in DH and F_2populations by transcriptome sequencing at7 and 14 days after pollination siliques.Of which,BnaC09g45400D encoded an adenine phosphoribosyltransferase 5(APT5)has a 48-bp InDel variation in the promoter of two parents.Candidate gene association analysis showed that this InDel variation was associated with SNPS in a nature population of rapeseed,where 54 accessions carrying the same haplotype as parent 6Q006 had higher SNPS than103 accessions carrying the same haplotype as parent 6W26.Collectively,the findings are helpful for rapeseed molecular breeding of SNPS,and provide new insight into the genetic and molecular mechanism of SNPS in rapeseed.展开更多
Corona discharge, as a common means to obtain non-equilibrium plasma, can generally obtain high-concentration plasma by increasing discharge points to meet production needs. However,the existing numerical simulation m...Corona discharge, as a common means to obtain non-equilibrium plasma, can generally obtain high-concentration plasma by increasing discharge points to meet production needs. However,the existing numerical simulation models used to study multi-point corona discharge are all calculations of small-scale space models, which cannot obtain the distribution characteristics of plasma in large space. Based on our previous research, this paper proposes a hybrid model for studying the distribution of multi-point discharge plasma in large-scale spaces, which divides the computational domain and computes separately with the hydrodynamic model and the ion mobility model. The simulation results are verified by a needle–ball electrode device. Firstly, the electric field distribution and plasma distribution of the needle electrodes with single tip and double tips are compared and discussed. Secondly, the plasma distribution of the needle electrode with the double tip at different voltages is investigated. Both computational and experimental results indicate that the charged particle concentration and current of the needle electrode with double tips are both twice as high as those of the needle electrode with a single tip. This model can extend the computational area of the multi-point corona discharge finite element model to the sub-meter(25 cm) or meter level, which provides an effective means to study the plasma distribution generated by multiple discharge points in large-scale space.展开更多
The mixed reality conference system proposed in this paper is a robust,real-time video conference application software that makes up for the simple interaction and lack of immersion and realism of traditional video co...The mixed reality conference system proposed in this paper is a robust,real-time video conference application software that makes up for the simple interaction and lack of immersion and realism of traditional video conference,which realizes the entire process of holographic video conference from client to cloud to the client.This paper mainly focuses on designing and implementing a video conference system based on AI segmentation technology and mixed reality.Several mixed reality conference system components are discussed,including data collection,data transmission,processing,and mixed reality presentation.The data layer is mainly used for data collection,integration,and video and audio codecs.The network layer uses Web-RTC to realize peer-to-peer data communication.The data processing layer is the core part of the system,mainly for human video matting and human-computer interaction,which is the key to realizing mixed reality conferences and improving the interactive experience.The presentation layer explicitly includes the login interface of the mixed reality conference system,the presentation of real-time matting of human subjects,and the presentation objects.With the mixed reality conference system,conference participants in different places can see each other in real-time in their mixed reality scene and share presentation content and 3D models based on mixed reality technology to have a more interactive and immersive experience.展开更多
A robust performance evaluation method for vapor cells used in magnetometers is proposed in this work.The performance of the vapor cell determines the sensitivity of the magnetic measurement,which is the core paramete...A robust performance evaluation method for vapor cells used in magnetometers is proposed in this work.The performance of the vapor cell determines the sensitivity of the magnetic measurement,which is the core parameter of a magnetometer.After establishing the relationship between intrinsic sensitivity and the total relaxation rate,the total relaxation rate of the vapor cell can be obtained to represent the intrinsic sensitivity of the magnetometer by fitting the parameters of the magnetic resonance experiments.The method for measurement of the total relaxation rate based on the magnetic resonance experiment proposed in this work is robust and insensitive to ambient noise.Experiments show that,compared with conventional sensitivity measurement,the total relaxation rate affected by magnetic noise below 0.9 n T,pump light frequency noise below 1.5 GHz,pump light power noise below 9%,probe light power noise below 3%and temperature fluctuation of 150±3℃deviates by less than 2%from the noise-free situation.This robust performance evaluation method for vapor cells is conducive to the construction of a multi-channel high-spatial-resolution cardio-encephalography system.展开更多
High-performance germanium(Ge)waveguide photodetectors are designed and fabricated utilizing the inductivegain-peaking technique.With the appropriate integrated inductors,the 3-dB bandwidth of photodetectors is signif...High-performance germanium(Ge)waveguide photodetectors are designed and fabricated utilizing the inductivegain-peaking technique.With the appropriate integrated inductors,the 3-dB bandwidth of photodetectors is significantly improved owing to the inductive-gain-peaking effect without any compromises to the dark current and optical responsivity.Measured 3-dB bandwidth up to 75 GHz is realized and clear open eye diagrams at 64 Gbps are observed.In this work,the relationship between the frequency response and large signal transmission characteristics on the integrated inductors of Ge waveguide photodetectors is investigated,which indicates the high-speed performance of photodetectors using the inductive-gainpeaking technique.展开更多
In this study,we aimed to investigate the causal associations of brain structure with bone mineral density(BMD).Based on the genome-wide association study(GWAS)summary statistics of 1325 brain imaging-derived phenotyp...In this study,we aimed to investigate the causal associations of brain structure with bone mineral density(BMD).Based on the genome-wide association study(GWAS)summary statistics of 1325 brain imaging-derived phenotypes(BIDPs)of brain structure from the UK Biobank and GWAS summary datasets of 5 BMD locations,including the total body,femoral neck,lumbar spine,forearm,and heel from the GEFOS Consortium,linkage disequilibrium score regression(LDSC)was conducted to determine the genetic correlations,and Mendelian randomization(MR)was then performed to explore the causal relationship between the BIDPs and BMD.Several sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the strength and stability of the present MR outcomes.To increase confidence in our findings,we also performed confirmatory MR between BIDPs and osteoporosis.LDSC revealed that 1.93%of BIDPs,with a false discovery rate(FDR)<0.01,were genetically correlated with BMD.Additionally,we observed that 1.31%of BIDPs exhibited a significant causal relationship with BMD(FDR<0.01)through MR.Both the LDSC and MR results demonstrated that the BIDPs“Volume of normalized brain,”“Volume of gray matter in Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus,pars opercularis,”“Volume of Estimated Total Intra Cranial”and“Volume-ratio of brain segmentation/estimated total intracranial”had strong associations with BMD.Interestingly,our results showed that more left BIDPs were causally associated with BMD,especially within and around the left frontal region.In conclusion,a part of the brain structure causally influences BMD,which may provide important perspectives for the prevention of osteoporosis and offer valuable insights for further research on the brain-bone axis.展开更多
</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Purpose</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verd...</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Purpose</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this article is </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to investigate the clinical value of TB-IGRA</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (Tuberculosis-Interferon </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gamma Release Assay), PPD (Intradermal </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Terbuculin Test), TB-DNA-PCR (Tuberculosis-Deoxyribonucleic-Polymerase</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Chain Reaction) and TB-Ab (Tuberculosis-Antibody) in diagnosing silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. <b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">53 cases of suspected silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected in the time span ranging from February 2017 to May 2019. TB-IGRA test, PPD test, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab detection were performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed in 11 cases, with an incidence of 20.75%. The positive rates of TB-IGRA, PPD, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab were 66.04%, 30.19%, 5.67% and 26.42%, respectively. The sensitivity was 90.91%, 81.82%, 27.27% and 54.55% respectively. The specificity was 42.86%, 80.95%, 100% and 80.95% respectively. The positive predictive values were 28.57%, 50%, 100% and 42.86% respectively. The negative predictive values were 94.44%, 91.89%, 84% and 87.18%. The positive rate, sensitivity and negative predictive value of TB-IGRA were the highest, while the specificity of TB-DNA-PCR was the highest yet with low positive rate, sensitivity and positive predictive value. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The positive rate and sensitivity of TB-IGRA were high, yet with poor specificity, so it was impossible to judge whether the cases belonged to active pulmonary tuberculosis. The combination of PPD and TB-DNA-PCR could improve the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, and the diagnostic accuracy of active pulmonary tuberculosis, which showed satisfactory clinical value.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303051,52202108,52003002)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085ME146,2008085QE213)+3 种基金Educational Commission of Anhui Province of China(2022AH040137)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province(ZD04)Opening Fund of China National Textile and Apparel Council Key Laboratory of Flexible Devices for Intelligent Textile and Apparel,Soochow University(SDHY2227)research funding from Anhui Polytechnic University(2020YQQ002,Xjky2022070,FFBK202218,FFBK202363,FFBK202364,2020ffky01).
文摘Flexible,breathable,and highly sensitive pressure sensors have increasingly become a focal point of interest due to their pivotal role in healthcare monitoring,advanced electronic skin applications,and disease diagnosis.However,traditional methods,involving elastomer film-based substrates or encapsulation techniques,often fall short due to mechanical mismatches,discomfort,lack of breathability,and limitations in sensing abilities.Consequently,there is a pressing need,yet it remains a significant challenge to create pressure sensors that are not only highly breathable,flexible,and comfortable but also sensitive,durable,and biocompatible.Herein,we present a biocompatible and breathable fabric-based pressure sensor,using nonwoven fabrics as both the sensing electrode(coated with MXene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate[PEDOT:PSS])and the interdigitated electrode(printed with MXene pattern)via a scalable spray-coating and screen-coating technique.The resultant device exhibits commendable air permeability,biocompatibility,and pressure sensing performance,including a remarkable sensitivity(754.5 kPa^(−1)),rapid response/recovery time(180/110 ms),and robust cycling stability.Furthermore,the integration of PEDOT:PSS plays a crucial role in protecting the MXene nanosheets from oxidation,significantly enhancing the device's long-term durability.These outstanding features make this sensor highly suitable for applications in fullrange human activities detection and disease diagnosis.Our study underscores the promising future of flexible pressure sensors in the realm of intelligent wearable electronics,setting a new benchmark for the industry.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB2206103)。
文摘In this work,a two-step metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD)method was applied for growingβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film on c-plane sapphire.Optimized buffer layer growth temperature(T_(B))was found at 700℃ and theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film with full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 0.66°was achieved.A metal−semiconductor−metal(MSM)solar-blind photodetector(PD)was fabricated based on theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) film.Ultrahigh responsivity of 1422 A/W@254 nm and photo-to-dark current ratio(PDCR)of 10^(6) at 10 V bias were obtained.The detectivity of 2.5×10^(15) Jones proved that the photodetector has outstanding performance in detecting weak signals.Moreover,the photodetector exhibited superior wavelength selectivity with rejection ratio(R_(250 nm)/R_(400 nm))of 105.These results indicate that the two-step method is a promising approach for preparation of high-qualityβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)films for high-performance solar-blind photodetectors.
基金Health Technology Project of Tianjin,No.ZC20175.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide,ranking fifth among men and seventh among women,resulting in more than 7 million deaths annually.With the development of medical tech-nology,the 5-year survival rate of HCC patients can be increased to 70%.How-ever,HCC patients are often at increased risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)death due to exposure to potentially cardiotoxic treatments compared with non-HCC patients.Moreover,CVD and cancer have become major disease burdens worldwide.Thus,further research is needed to lessen the risk of CVD death in HCC patient survivors.METHODS This study was conducted on the basis of the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database and included HCC patients with a diagnosis period from 2010 to 2015.The independent risk factors were identified using the Fine-Gray model.A nomograph was constructed to predict the CVM in HCC patients.The nomograph performance was measured using Harrell’s concordance index(C-index),calibration curve,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and area under the ROC curve(AUC)value.Moreover,the net benefit was estimated via decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS The study included 21545 HCC patients,of whom 619 died of CVD.Age(<60)[1.981(1.573-2.496),P<0.001],marital status(married)[unmarried:1.370(1.076-1.745),P=0.011],alpha fetoprotein(normal)[0.778(0.640-0.946),P=0.012],tumor size(≤2 cm)[(2,5]cm:1.420(1.060-1.903),P=0.019;>5 cm:2.090(1.543-2.830),P<0.001],surgery(no)[0.376(0.297-0.476),P<0.001],and chemotherapy(none/unknown)[0.578(0.472-0.709),P<0.001]were independent risk factors for CVD death in HCC patients.The discrimination and calibration of the nomograph were better.The C-index values for the training and validation sets were 0.736 and 0.665,respectively.The AUC values of the ROC curves at 2,4,and 6 years were 0.702,0.725,0.740 in the training set and 0.697,0.710,0.744 in the validation set,respectively.The calibration curves showed that the predicted probab-ilities of the CVM prediction model in the training set vs the validation set were largely consistent with the actual probabilities.DCA demonstrated that the prediction model has a high net benefit.CONCLUSION Risk factors for CVD death in HCC patients were investigated for the first time.The nomograph served as an important reference tool for relevant clinical management decisions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62172288).
文摘Objective To investigate the impact of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on clopidogrel reactivity and its association with longterm clinical outcome in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods In total,675 patients were enrolled.Based on the platelet inhibition rate,patients were categorized into two groups:clopidogrel low responsiveness(CLR)and normal clopidogrel responsiveness(NCR).The CLR group was divided into ticagrelor and clopidogrel group based on the antiplatelet drugs used in the follow-up treatment.Patients were classified into three groups(normal metabolizer,intermediate metabolizer,and poor metabolizer)based on the CYP2C19 genotype.We aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on clopidogrel reactivity.The cumulative rates of 12-month all-cause deaths,major adverse cardiovascular events(MACCEs),and bleeding events were calculated.Results CLR was observed in 44.4%of the overall population.Significant differences were observed in the platelet inhibition rate of clopidogrel among the three metabolic genotypes(P<0.05).At the 12-month follow-up,13 patients(1.9%)died and 96 patients(14.2%)experienced MACCEs.Patients with CLR(9.6%vs.11.7%vs.22.1%,P<0.05)or poor metabolizer(10.7%vs.16.4%vs.22.6%,P=0.026)experienced a higher rate of MACCEs.A MACCEs risk score between zero and two was calculated.The highest incidence of MACCEs significantly increased with the 2-positive results,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.712(95%CI:0.650-0.774,P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the group with a score of one and the occurrence of MACCEs(P>0.05).Conclusions Low response to clopidogrel in CHD patients is correlated with CYP2C19 gene polymorphism.CYP2C19 genotyping combined with platelet reactivity is an independent predictor of 12-months MACCEs in patients with clopidogrel treatment after PCI,which is better than either test alone.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572017DA03)Development and Identification of Molecular Markers for Fine Strains of Xanthoceras sorbifolia(MOMA-2019-ZENITHGENE)。
文摘WRKY transcription factors are widely distributed in higher plants and play important roles in many biological processes,including stress resistance.The recently published genome sequence of yellowhorn,an oil tree with robust resistance to cold,drought,heat,salt and alkali,provides an excellent opportunity to identify and characterize the entire yellowhorn WRKY protein family and a basis for the study of abiotic stress resistance of WRKY gene family in forest species.In the present comprehensive analysis of WRKY transcription factors in yellowhorn,65 WRKY genes were identified and defined based on their location on the chromosome.According to their structure and phylogenetic relationships,XsWRKY genes clustered into WRKY groupsⅠ-Ⅲ.Segmental duplication events played a significant role in the expansion of WRKY gene family.Furthermore,transcriptomic data and real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that expression of XsWRKY genes responding to salt and drought stresses and a hormone treatment.We also determined structures of the encoded proteins,c is-elements of the promoter region,and expression patterns.These results provide a foundation for the study of the biological function of WRKY transcription factors in yellowhorn.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21802096,21832004,21902179,21991152,and 21991150)the Shanghai XFEL Beamline Project (SBP) (31011505505885920161A2101001)the support of the Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1455600)。
文摘An in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship between the surface structure,chemical composition,adsorption and desorption of molecules,and their reaction activity and selectivity is necessary for the rational design of high-performance catalysts.Herein,we present a method for studying catalytic mechanisms using a combination of in situ reaction cells and surface science techniques.The proposed system consists of four parts:preparation chamber,temperatureprogrammed desorption(TPD)chamber,quick load-lock chamber,and in situ reaction cell.The preparation chamber was equipped with setups based on the surface science techniques used for standard sample preparation and characterization,including an Ar+sputter gun,Auger electron spectrometer,and a low-energy electron diffractometer.After a well-defined model catalyst was prepared,the sample was transferred to a TPD chamber to investigate the adsorption and desorption of the probe molecule,or to the reaction cell,to measure the catalytic activity.A thermal desorption experiment for methanol on a clean Cu(111)surface was conducted to demonstrate the functionality of the preparation and TPD chambers.Moreover,the repeatability of the in situ reaction cell experiment was verified by CO_(2) hydrogenation on the Ni(110)surface.At a reaction pressure of 800 Torr at 673 K,turnover frequencies for the methanation reaction and reverse water-gas shift reaction were 0.15 and 7.55 Ni atom^(-1) s^(-1),respectively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82070869 and 82270914.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a major health burden with an increasing global incidence.Unfortunately,the unavailability of knowledge underlying NAFLD pathogenesis inhibits effective preventive and therapeutic measures.AIM To explore the molecular mechanism of NAFLD.METHODS Whole genome sequencing(WGS)analysis was performed on liver tissues from patients with NAFLD(n=6)and patients with normal metabolic conditions(n=6)to identify the target genes.A NAFLD C57BL6/J mouse model induced by 16 wk of high-fat diet feeding and a hepatocyte-specific F-box only protein 2(FBXO2)overexpression mouse model were used for in vivo studies.Plasmid transfection,co-immunoprecipitation-based mass spectrometry assays,and ubiquitination in HepG2 cells and HEK293T cells were used for in vitro studies.RESULTS A total of 30982 genes were detected in WGS analysis,with 649 up-regulated and 178 down-regulated.Expression of FBXO2,an E3 ligase,was upregulated in the liver tissues of patients with NAFLD.Hepatocyte-specific FBXO2 overexpression facilitated NAFLD-associated phenotypes in mice.Overexpression of FBXO2 aggravated odium oleate(OA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells,resulting in an abnormal expression of genes related to lipid metabolism,such as fatty acid synthase,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,and so on.In contrast,knocking down FBXO2 in HepG2 cells significantly alleviated the OA-induced lipid accumulation and aberrant expression of lipid metabolism genes.The hydroxyl CoA dehydrogenase alpha subunit(HADHA),a protein involved in oxidative stress,was a target of FBXO2-mediated ubiquitination.FBXO2 directly bound to HADHA and facilitated its proteasomal degradation in HepG2 and HEK293T cells.Supplementation with HADHA alleviated lipid accumulation caused by FBXO2 overexpression in HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION FBXO2 exacerbates lipid accumulation by targeting HADHA and is a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD。
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201776)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyj-bsh X0055,cstc2019jcyj-zdxm X0012)。
文摘Seed weight is a component of seed yield in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Although quantitative trait loci(QTL)for seed weight have been reported in rapeseed,only a few causal quantitative trait genes(QTGs)have been identified,resulting in a limitation in understanding of seed weight regulation.We constructed a gene coexpression network at the early seed developmental stage using transcripts of 20,408 genes in QTL intervals and 1017 rapeseed homologs of known genes from other species.Among the 10 modules in this gene coexpression network,modules 1 and 2 were core modules and contained genes involved in source–flow–sink processes such as synthesis and transportation of fatty acid and protein,and photosynthesis.A hub gene SERINE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-LIKE 19(SCPL19)was identified by candidate gene association analysis in rapeseed and functionally investigated using Arabidopsis T-DNA mutant and overexpression lines.Our study demonstrates the power of gene coexpression analysis to prioritize candidate genes from large candidate QTG sets and enhances the understanding of molecular mechanism for seed weight at the early developmental stage in rapeseed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52102436)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30920021109)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200496)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M681615)the project of Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering(Ningbo University),Ministry of Education(Grant No.CJ202107)the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and astronautics)(Grant No.MCMS-E-0221Y01)。
文摘Fluctuations in outer space's temperature would affect the spacecraft's regular operation.This paper aims to study the temperature influences of the aluminum honeycomb buffer in the tether-net launcher.Firstly,a buffer structure was designed to attenuate the pyroshock generated by the pyrotechnic device.Secondly,the mechanical properties of aluminum honeycomb at different temperatures were obtained through quasi-static compression experiments.Then,the internal ballistic responses of the launcher were gained by the closed bomb tests and the equivalent classical interior ballistic model.Finally,the recoil performance of the launcher with aluminum honeycomb buffer at different temperatures was studied.It is revealed that the aluminum honeycomb crushing force gradually decreases with the temperature increases.The peak pressure,burning rate coefficient and velocity increase while the peak time decreases with the temperature increase for the interior ballistics.For the launcher recoil responses,the average launch recoil decreases if the aluminum honeycomb doesn't enter the dense stage.The impact acceleration,projectile velocity and displacement increase as the temperature increase.The paper spotlights the temperature's influence on the recoil characteristics of the aluminum honeycomb buffer,which provides a new idea for buffering technology of pyrotechnic devices in a complex space environment.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB150201)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyj-bshX0055,cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0012cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0461)。
文摘Seed number per silique(SNPS)is one of seed yield components in rapeseed,but its genetic mechanism remains elusive.Here a double haploid(DH)population derived from a hybrid between female 6Q006with 35–40 SNPS and male 6W26 with 10–15 SNPS was investigated for SNPS in the year 2017,2018,2019 and 2021,and genotyped with Brassica 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array.An overlapping major QTL(qSNPS.C09)explaining 51.50%of phenotypic variance on average was narrowed to a 0.90 Mb region from 44.87 Mb to 45.77 Mb on chromosome C09 by BSA-seq.Subsequently,two DEGs in this interval were detected between extreme individuals in DH and F_2populations by transcriptome sequencing at7 and 14 days after pollination siliques.Of which,BnaC09g45400D encoded an adenine phosphoribosyltransferase 5(APT5)has a 48-bp InDel variation in the promoter of two parents.Candidate gene association analysis showed that this InDel variation was associated with SNPS in a nature population of rapeseed,where 54 accessions carrying the same haplotype as parent 6Q006 had higher SNPS than103 accessions carrying the same haplotype as parent 6W26.Collectively,the findings are helpful for rapeseed molecular breeding of SNPS,and provide new insight into the genetic and molecular mechanism of SNPS in rapeseed.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52207158 and 51821005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HUST: No.2022JYCXJJ012)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos.2016YFC0401002 and 2016YFC0401006)。
文摘Corona discharge, as a common means to obtain non-equilibrium plasma, can generally obtain high-concentration plasma by increasing discharge points to meet production needs. However,the existing numerical simulation models used to study multi-point corona discharge are all calculations of small-scale space models, which cannot obtain the distribution characteristics of plasma in large space. Based on our previous research, this paper proposes a hybrid model for studying the distribution of multi-point discharge plasma in large-scale spaces, which divides the computational domain and computes separately with the hydrodynamic model and the ion mobility model. The simulation results are verified by a needle–ball electrode device. Firstly, the electric field distribution and plasma distribution of the needle electrodes with single tip and double tips are compared and discussed. Secondly, the plasma distribution of the needle electrode with the double tip at different voltages is investigated. Both computational and experimental results indicate that the charged particle concentration and current of the needle electrode with double tips are both twice as high as those of the needle electrode with a single tip. This model can extend the computational area of the multi-point corona discharge finite element model to the sub-meter(25 cm) or meter level, which provides an effective means to study the plasma distribution generated by multiple discharge points in large-scale space.
基金supported in part by the Major Fundamental Research of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant ZR2019ZD05Joint fund for smart computing of Shandong Natural Science Foundation under Grant ZR2020LZH013+1 种基金Open project of State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture CARCHA202002Human Video Matting Project of Hisense Co.,Ltd.under Grant QD1170020023.
文摘The mixed reality conference system proposed in this paper is a robust,real-time video conference application software that makes up for the simple interaction and lack of immersion and realism of traditional video conference,which realizes the entire process of holographic video conference from client to cloud to the client.This paper mainly focuses on designing and implementing a video conference system based on AI segmentation technology and mixed reality.Several mixed reality conference system components are discussed,including data collection,data transmission,processing,and mixed reality presentation.The data layer is mainly used for data collection,integration,and video and audio codecs.The network layer uses Web-RTC to realize peer-to-peer data communication.The data processing layer is the core part of the system,mainly for human video matting and human-computer interaction,which is the key to realizing mixed reality conferences and improving the interactive experience.The presentation layer explicitly includes the login interface of the mixed reality conference system,the presentation of real-time matting of human subjects,and the presentation objects.With the mixed reality conference system,conference participants in different places can see each other in real-time in their mixed reality scene and share presentation content and 3D models based on mixed reality technology to have a more interactive and immersive experience.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62173020 and 62103381)。
文摘A robust performance evaluation method for vapor cells used in magnetometers is proposed in this work.The performance of the vapor cell determines the sensitivity of the magnetic measurement,which is the core parameter of a magnetometer.After establishing the relationship between intrinsic sensitivity and the total relaxation rate,the total relaxation rate of the vapor cell can be obtained to represent the intrinsic sensitivity of the magnetometer by fitting the parameters of the magnetic resonance experiments.The method for measurement of the total relaxation rate based on the magnetic resonance experiment proposed in this work is robust and insensitive to ambient noise.Experiments show that,compared with conventional sensitivity measurement,the total relaxation rate affected by magnetic noise below 0.9 n T,pump light frequency noise below 1.5 GHz,pump light power noise below 9%,probe light power noise below 3%and temperature fluctuation of 150±3℃deviates by less than 2%from the noise-free situation.This robust performance evaluation method for vapor cells is conducive to the construction of a multi-channel high-spatial-resolution cardio-encephalography system.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB2206103)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61975196)Youth Innovation Promotion Association Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021111)。
文摘High-performance germanium(Ge)waveguide photodetectors are designed and fabricated utilizing the inductivegain-peaking technique.With the appropriate integrated inductors,the 3-dB bandwidth of photodetectors is significantly improved owing to the inductive-gain-peaking effect without any compromises to the dark current and optical responsivity.Measured 3-dB bandwidth up to 75 GHz is realized and clear open eye diagrams at 64 Gbps are observed.In this work,the relationship between the frequency response and large signal transmission characteristics on the integrated inductors of Ge waveguide photodetectors is investigated,which indicates the high-speed performance of photodetectors using the inductive-gainpeaking technique.
文摘In this study,we aimed to investigate the causal associations of brain structure with bone mineral density(BMD).Based on the genome-wide association study(GWAS)summary statistics of 1325 brain imaging-derived phenotypes(BIDPs)of brain structure from the UK Biobank and GWAS summary datasets of 5 BMD locations,including the total body,femoral neck,lumbar spine,forearm,and heel from the GEFOS Consortium,linkage disequilibrium score regression(LDSC)was conducted to determine the genetic correlations,and Mendelian randomization(MR)was then performed to explore the causal relationship between the BIDPs and BMD.Several sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the strength and stability of the present MR outcomes.To increase confidence in our findings,we also performed confirmatory MR between BIDPs and osteoporosis.LDSC revealed that 1.93%of BIDPs,with a false discovery rate(FDR)<0.01,were genetically correlated with BMD.Additionally,we observed that 1.31%of BIDPs exhibited a significant causal relationship with BMD(FDR<0.01)through MR.Both the LDSC and MR results demonstrated that the BIDPs“Volume of normalized brain,”“Volume of gray matter in Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus,pars opercularis,”“Volume of Estimated Total Intra Cranial”and“Volume-ratio of brain segmentation/estimated total intracranial”had strong associations with BMD.Interestingly,our results showed that more left BIDPs were causally associated with BMD,especially within and around the left frontal region.In conclusion,a part of the brain structure causally influences BMD,which may provide important perspectives for the prevention of osteoporosis and offer valuable insights for further research on the brain-bone axis.
文摘</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Purpose</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this article is </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to investigate the clinical value of TB-IGRA</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (Tuberculosis-Interferon </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gamma Release Assay), PPD (Intradermal </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Terbuculin Test), TB-DNA-PCR (Tuberculosis-Deoxyribonucleic-Polymerase</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Chain Reaction) and TB-Ab (Tuberculosis-Antibody) in diagnosing silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. <b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">53 cases of suspected silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected in the time span ranging from February 2017 to May 2019. TB-IGRA test, PPD test, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab detection were performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed in 11 cases, with an incidence of 20.75%. The positive rates of TB-IGRA, PPD, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab were 66.04%, 30.19%, 5.67% and 26.42%, respectively. The sensitivity was 90.91%, 81.82%, 27.27% and 54.55% respectively. The specificity was 42.86%, 80.95%, 100% and 80.95% respectively. The positive predictive values were 28.57%, 50%, 100% and 42.86% respectively. The negative predictive values were 94.44%, 91.89%, 84% and 87.18%. The positive rate, sensitivity and negative predictive value of TB-IGRA were the highest, while the specificity of TB-DNA-PCR was the highest yet with low positive rate, sensitivity and positive predictive value. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The positive rate and sensitivity of TB-IGRA were high, yet with poor specificity, so it was impossible to judge whether the cases belonged to active pulmonary tuberculosis. The combination of PPD and TB-DNA-PCR could improve the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, and the diagnostic accuracy of active pulmonary tuberculosis, which showed satisfactory clinical value.
