Rare earth sesquisulfides have drawn growing attention in photoelectric applications because of their excellent electronic and photoelectric properties upon compression.We investigate the structural,electrical,and pho...Rare earth sesquisulfides have drawn growing attention in photoelectric applications because of their excellent electronic and photoelectric properties upon compression.We investigate the structural,electrical,and photoelectric properties of Tm_(2)S_(3) under high pressure through electrical impedance,UV-vis absorption,Raman spectroscopy,x-ray diffraction,and photoelectric measurements.It is found that δ-Tm_(2)S_(3) transforms into high-pressure𝛼-phase around 5GPa,accompanied by a substantial reduction in atomic distance,bandgap,and resistivity.Consequently,the photocurrent density and responsivity of Tm_(2)S_(3) exhibit dramatic increase behavior,achieving five orders of magnitude enhancement in α-phase compared with the initial δ-Tm_(2)S_(3).Moreover,α-phase maintains a high photocurrent responsivity of three orders of magnitude after unloading.This work demonstrates significant enhancement of the photoelectric properties of Tm_(2)S_(3) by applying pressure,which paves the way for improving the performance of future photoelectric devices.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of quantifying liver choline concentrations in both normal and apoptotic rabbit livers in vivo, using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). METHODS: 1H-MRS was performed in 18 r...AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of quantifying liver choline concentrations in both normal and apoptotic rabbit livers in vivo, using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). METHODS: 1H-MRS was performed in 18 rabbits using a 1.5T GE MR system with an eight-channel head/neck receiving coil. Fifteen rabbits were injected with sodium selenite at a dose of 10 μmol/kg to induce the liver cell apoptosis. Point-resolved spectroscopy sequencelocalized spectra were obtained from 10 livers once before and once 24 h after sodium selenite injection in vivo. T1 and T2 relaxation time of water and choline was measured separately in the livers of three healthy rabbits and three selenite-treated rabbits. Hematoxylin and eosin and dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to detect and confirm apoptosis. Choline peak areas were measured relative to unsuppressed water using LCModel. Relaxation attenuation was corrected using the average of T1 and T2 relaxation time. The choline concentration was quantified using a formula, which was tested by a phantom with a known concentration. RESULTS: Apoptosis of hepatic cells was confirmed by TUNEL assay. In phantom experiment, the choline concentration (3.01 mmol/L), measured by 1H-MRS, was in good agreement with the actual concentration (3 mmol/L). The average T1 and T2 relaxation time of choline was 612 ± 15 ms and 74 ± 4 ms in the control group and 670 ± 27 ms and 78 ± 5 ms in apoptotic livers in vivo, respectively. Choline was quantified in 10 rabbits, once before and once after the injection with sodium selenite. The choline concentration decreased from 14.5 ± 7.57 mmol/L before sodium selenite injection to 10.8 ± 6.58 mmol/L (mean ± SD, n = 10) after treatment (Z = -2.395, P < 0.05, two-sample paired Wilcoxon test). CONCLUSION: 1H-MRS can be used to quantify liver choline in vivo using unsuppressed water as an internal reference. Decreased liver choline concentrations are found in sodium selenite-treated rabbits undergoing liver cell apoptosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Previous studies using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)revealed changes in gray matter volume(GMV)of patients with depression,but the differences between patients with bipolar disorder(BD)and unipolar depressio...BACKGROUND Previous studies using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)revealed changes in gray matter volume(GMV)of patients with depression,but the differences between patients with bipolar disorder(BD)and unipolar depression(UD)are less known.AIM To analyze the whole-brain GMV data of patients with untreated UD and BD compared with healthy controls.METHODS Fourteen patients with BD and 20 with UD were recruited from the Mental Health Center of Shantou University between August 2014 and July 2015,and 20 nondepressive controls were recruited.After routine three-plane positioning,axial T2WI scanning was performed.The connecting line between the anterior and posterior commissures was used as the scanning baseline.The scanning range extended from the cranial apex to the foramen magnum.Categorical data are presented as frequencies and were analyzed using the Fisher exact test.RESULTS There were no significant intergroup differences in gender,age,or years of education.Disease course,age at the first episode,and Hamilton depression rating scale scores were similar between patients with UD and those with BD.Compared with the non-depressive controls,patients with BD showed smaller GMVs in the right inferior temporal gyrus,left middle temporal gyrus,right middle occipital gyrus,and right superior parietal gyrus and larger GMVs in the midbrain,left superior frontal gyrus,and right cerebellum.In contrast,UD patients showed smaller GMVs than the controls in the right fusiform gyrus,left inferior occipital gyrus,left paracentral lobule,right superior and inferior temporal gyri,and the right posterior lobe of the cerebellum,and larger GMVs than the controls in the left posterior central gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus.There was no difference in GMV between patients with BD and UD.CONCLUSION Using VBM,the present study revealed that patients with UD and BD have different patterns of changes in GMV when compared with healthy controls.展开更多
With the global ban on plastics intensifying, the substitution of plastic with paper has garnered increasing attention. However, the inadequate water and oil repellency of pulp molding hinders its practical applicatio...With the global ban on plastics intensifying, the substitution of plastic with paper has garnered increasing attention. However, the inadequate water and oil repellency of pulp molding hinders its practical applications. Currently, the common method to enhance the oil and water repellency of pulp molding is by adding fluorinated water and oil repellents. Nevertheless, fluorinated compounds are environmentally and physiologically harmful. Therefore, the development of fluorine-free, water and oil repellent alternatives is crucial. In this study, chitosan and stearic acid were utilized as the first and second layers of the oil and water repellent coatings, respectively. The coated samples exhibited favorable water repellency, with a water contact angle of 116.4°, and excellent oil repellency, achieving a 12/12 rating on the kit scale. Importantly, the samples did not exhibit any leakage after being soaked in hot water and hot oil at 95±5℃ for 30 min, demonstrating remarkable performance as a barrier against hot water and oil. Moreover, the coated samples displayed outstanding mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, and recyclability. The approach presented in this study is simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and represents a promising technique for producing fluoride-free, oil-and water-resistant pulp molding products.展开更多
基金mainly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52288102,52090020,52022089,and 52372261)。
文摘Rare earth sesquisulfides have drawn growing attention in photoelectric applications because of their excellent electronic and photoelectric properties upon compression.We investigate the structural,electrical,and photoelectric properties of Tm_(2)S_(3) under high pressure through electrical impedance,UV-vis absorption,Raman spectroscopy,x-ray diffraction,and photoelectric measurements.It is found that δ-Tm_(2)S_(3) transforms into high-pressure𝛼-phase around 5GPa,accompanied by a substantial reduction in atomic distance,bandgap,and resistivity.Consequently,the photocurrent density and responsivity of Tm_(2)S_(3) exhibit dramatic increase behavior,achieving five orders of magnitude enhancement in α-phase compared with the initial δ-Tm_(2)S_(3).Moreover,α-phase maintains a high photocurrent responsivity of three orders of magnitude after unloading.This work demonstrates significant enhancement of the photoelectric properties of Tm_(2)S_(3) by applying pressure,which paves the way for improving the performance of future photoelectric devices.
基金Supported by Grants from Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province, China, No. B2008128National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30930027 and No. 60971075, in part
文摘AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of quantifying liver choline concentrations in both normal and apoptotic rabbit livers in vivo, using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). METHODS: 1H-MRS was performed in 18 rabbits using a 1.5T GE MR system with an eight-channel head/neck receiving coil. Fifteen rabbits were injected with sodium selenite at a dose of 10 μmol/kg to induce the liver cell apoptosis. Point-resolved spectroscopy sequencelocalized spectra were obtained from 10 livers once before and once 24 h after sodium selenite injection in vivo. T1 and T2 relaxation time of water and choline was measured separately in the livers of three healthy rabbits and three selenite-treated rabbits. Hematoxylin and eosin and dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to detect and confirm apoptosis. Choline peak areas were measured relative to unsuppressed water using LCModel. Relaxation attenuation was corrected using the average of T1 and T2 relaxation time. The choline concentration was quantified using a formula, which was tested by a phantom with a known concentration. RESULTS: Apoptosis of hepatic cells was confirmed by TUNEL assay. In phantom experiment, the choline concentration (3.01 mmol/L), measured by 1H-MRS, was in good agreement with the actual concentration (3 mmol/L). The average T1 and T2 relaxation time of choline was 612 ± 15 ms and 74 ± 4 ms in the control group and 670 ± 27 ms and 78 ± 5 ms in apoptotic livers in vivo, respectively. Choline was quantified in 10 rabbits, once before and once after the injection with sodium selenite. The choline concentration decreased from 14.5 ± 7.57 mmol/L before sodium selenite injection to 10.8 ± 6.58 mmol/L (mean ± SD, n = 10) after treatment (Z = -2.395, P < 0.05, two-sample paired Wilcoxon test). CONCLUSION: 1H-MRS can be used to quantify liver choline in vivo using unsuppressed water as an internal reference. Decreased liver choline concentrations are found in sodium selenite-treated rabbits undergoing liver cell apoptosis.
基金Supported by the Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81701338And the Shantou Medical Science and Technology Plan Project,No.20150406.
文摘BACKGROUND Previous studies using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)revealed changes in gray matter volume(GMV)of patients with depression,but the differences between patients with bipolar disorder(BD)and unipolar depression(UD)are less known.AIM To analyze the whole-brain GMV data of patients with untreated UD and BD compared with healthy controls.METHODS Fourteen patients with BD and 20 with UD were recruited from the Mental Health Center of Shantou University between August 2014 and July 2015,and 20 nondepressive controls were recruited.After routine three-plane positioning,axial T2WI scanning was performed.The connecting line between the anterior and posterior commissures was used as the scanning baseline.The scanning range extended from the cranial apex to the foramen magnum.Categorical data are presented as frequencies and were analyzed using the Fisher exact test.RESULTS There were no significant intergroup differences in gender,age,or years of education.Disease course,age at the first episode,and Hamilton depression rating scale scores were similar between patients with UD and those with BD.Compared with the non-depressive controls,patients with BD showed smaller GMVs in the right inferior temporal gyrus,left middle temporal gyrus,right middle occipital gyrus,and right superior parietal gyrus and larger GMVs in the midbrain,left superior frontal gyrus,and right cerebellum.In contrast,UD patients showed smaller GMVs than the controls in the right fusiform gyrus,left inferior occipital gyrus,left paracentral lobule,right superior and inferior temporal gyri,and the right posterior lobe of the cerebellum,and larger GMVs than the controls in the left posterior central gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus.There was no difference in GMV between patients with BD and UD.CONCLUSION Using VBM,the present study revealed that patients with UD and BD have different patterns of changes in GMV when compared with healthy controls.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22108031)Shanghai Sailing Program(No.21YF1400800).
文摘With the global ban on plastics intensifying, the substitution of plastic with paper has garnered increasing attention. However, the inadequate water and oil repellency of pulp molding hinders its practical applications. Currently, the common method to enhance the oil and water repellency of pulp molding is by adding fluorinated water and oil repellents. Nevertheless, fluorinated compounds are environmentally and physiologically harmful. Therefore, the development of fluorine-free, water and oil repellent alternatives is crucial. In this study, chitosan and stearic acid were utilized as the first and second layers of the oil and water repellent coatings, respectively. The coated samples exhibited favorable water repellency, with a water contact angle of 116.4°, and excellent oil repellency, achieving a 12/12 rating on the kit scale. Importantly, the samples did not exhibit any leakage after being soaked in hot water and hot oil at 95±5℃ for 30 min, demonstrating remarkable performance as a barrier against hot water and oil. Moreover, the coated samples displayed outstanding mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, and recyclability. The approach presented in this study is simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and represents a promising technique for producing fluoride-free, oil-and water-resistant pulp molding products.
