BACKGROUND With advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases,lung segment surgery has become increasingly common.Postoperative rehabilitation is critical for patient recovery,yet challenges such as com...BACKGROUND With advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases,lung segment surgery has become increasingly common.Postoperative rehabilitation is critical for patient recovery,yet challenges such as complications and adverse outcomes persist.Incorporating humanized nursing modes and novel treatments like nitric oxide inhalation may enhance recovery and reduce postoperative complications.AIM To evaluate the effects of a humanized nursing mode combined with nitric oxide inhalation on the rehabilitation outcomes of patients undergoing lung surgery,focusing on pulmonary function,recovery speed,and overall treatment costs.METHODS A total of 79 patients who underwent lung surgery at a tertiary hospital from March 2021 to December 2021 were divided into a control group(n=39)receiving a routine nursing program and an experimental group(n=40)receiving additional humanized nursing interventions and atomized inhalation of nitric oxide.Key indicators were compared between the two groups alongside an analysis of treatment costs.RESULTS The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in pulmonary function,reduced average recovery time,and lower total treatment costs compared to the control group.Moreover,the quality of life in the experimental group was significantly better in the 3 months post-surgery,indicating a more effective rehabilitation process.CONCLUSION The combination of humanized nursing mode and nitric oxide inhalation in postoperative care for lung surgery patients significantly enhances pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes,accelerates recovery,and reduces economic burden.This approach offers a promising reference for improving patient care and rehabilitation efficiency following lung surgery.展开更多
Environmental heterogeneity is a constant presence in the natural world that significantly affects plant behavior at a variety of levels of complexity. In order to estimate the spatial pattern of fine root biomass in ...Environmental heterogeneity is a constant presence in the natural world that significantly affects plant behavior at a variety of levels of complexity. In order to estimate the spatial pattern of fine root biomass in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the spatial heterogeneity of fine root biomass in the upper layer of soils （0-10 cm） in three Mas- son pine （Pinus massoniana） stands in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China, was studied in 30 m x 30 m plots with geostatistical analysis. The results indicate that 1） both the live and dead fine root biomass of stand 2 were less than those of other stands, 2） the spatial variation of fine roots in the three stands was caused together by structural and ran- dom factors with moderate spatial dependence and 3） the magnitude of spatial heterogeneity of live fine roots ranked as： stand 3 〉 stand 1 〉 stand 2, while that of dead fine roots was similar in the three stands. These findings suggested that the range of spatial autocorrelation for fine root biomass varied considerably in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, while soil properties, such as soil bulk density, organic matter and total nitrogen, may exhibit great effect on the spatial distribution of fine roots. Finally, we express our hope to be able to carry out further research on the quantitative relation- ship between the spatial heterogeneous patterns of plant and soil properties.展开更多
Objective This study tests the efficacy of Bletilla striata polysaccharide(BSP),carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC),baicalin(BA)and silver titanate(ST)in a wound dressings to fight infection,promote healing and provide superi...Objective This study tests the efficacy of Bletilla striata polysaccharide(BSP),carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC),baicalin(BA)and silver titanate(ST)in a wound dressings to fight infection,promote healing and provide superior biocompatibility.Methods The antibacterial activity of BA and ST was evaluated in vitro using the inhibition zone method.BA/ST/BSP/CMC porous sponge dressings were prepared and characterized.The biocompatibility of BA/ST/BSP/CMC was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 assay.The therapeutic effect of BA/ST/BSP/CMC was further investigated using the dorsal skin burn model in Sprague-Dawley rats.Results The wound dressing had good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through BA and ST,while the combination of BSP and CMC played an important role in promoting wound healing.The BA/ST/BSP/CMC porous sponge dressings were prepared using a freeze-drying method with the concentrations of BA and ST at 20 and 0.83 mg/mL,respectively,and the optimal ratio of 5%BSP to 4%CMC was 1:3.The average porosity,water absorption and air permeability of BA/ST/BSP/CMC porous sponge dressings were measured to be 90.43%,746.1%and 66.60%,respectively.After treatment for 3 and 7 days,the healing rates of the BA/ST/BSP/CMC group and BA/BSP/CMC group were significantly higher than those of the normal saline(NS)group and silver sulfadiazine(SSD)group(P<0.05).Interleukin-1βexpression in the BA/ST/BSP/CMC group at 1 and 3 days was significantly lower than that in the other three groups(P<0.05).After being treated for 3 days,vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the BA/BSP/CMC group and BA/ST/BSP/CMC group was significantly higher than that in the NS group and SSD group(P<0.05).Inspection of histological sections showed that the BA/ST/BSP/CMC group and BA/BSP/CMC group began to develop scabbing and peeling of damaged skin after 3 days of treatment,indicating accelerated healing relative to the NS group and SSD group.Conclusion The optimized concentration of BA/ST/BSP/CMC dressing was as follows:6 mg BSP,14.4 mg CMC,0.5 mg ST and 12 mg BA.The BA/ST/BSP/CMC dressing,containing antibacterial constituents,was non-cytotoxic and effective in accelerating the healing of burn wounds,making it a promising candidate for wound healing.展开更多
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)virus(SFTSV)is an emerging tick-borne virus with high fatality and an expanding endemic.Currently,effective anti-SFTSV intervention remains unavailable.Favipiravir(T-70...Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)virus(SFTSV)is an emerging tick-borne virus with high fatality and an expanding endemic.Currently,effective anti-SFTSV intervention remains unavailable.Favipiravir(T-705)was recently reported to show in vitro and in animal model antiviral efficacy against SFTSV.Here,we conducted a single-blind,randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of T-705 in treating SFTS(Chinese Clinical Trial Registry website,number ChiCTR1900023350).From May to August 2018,laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients were recruited from a designated hospital and randomly assigned to receive oral T-705 in combination with supportive care or supportive care only.Fatal outcome occurred in 9.5%(7/74)of T-705 treated patients and 18.3%(13/71)of controls(odds ratio,0.466,95%Cl,0.174-1.247).Cox regression showed a significant reduction in case fatality rate(CFR)with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.366(95%Cl,0.142-0.944).Among the low-viral load subgroup(RT-PCR cycle threshold>26),T-705 treatment significantly reduced CFR from 11.5 to 1.6%(P=0.029),while no between-arm difference was observed in the high-viral load subgroup(RT-PCR cycle threshold<26).The T-705-treated group showed shorter viral clearance,lower incidence of hemorrhagic signs,and faster recovery of laboratory abnormities compared with the controls.The in vitro and animal experiments demonstrated that the antiviral efficacies of T-705 were proportionally induced by SFTSV mutation rates,particularly from two transition mutation types.The mutation analyses on T-705-treated serum samples disclosed a partially consistent mutagenesis pattern as those of the in vitro or animal experiments in reducing the SFTSV viral loads,further supporting the anti-SFTSV effect of T-705,especially for the low-viral loads.展开更多
In this paper,a compact finite difference scheme for the nonlinear fractional integro-differential equation with weak singularity at the initial time is developed,with O(N^(-(2-α))+M^(-4))accuracy order,where N;M den...In this paper,a compact finite difference scheme for the nonlinear fractional integro-differential equation with weak singularity at the initial time is developed,with O(N^(-(2-α))+M^(-4))accuracy order,where N;M denote the numbers of grids in temporal and spatial direction,α ∈(0,1)is the fractional order.To recover the full accuracy based on the regularity requirement of the solution,we adopt the L1 method and the trapezoidal product integration(PI)rule with graded meshes to discretize the Caputo derivative and the Riemann-Liouville integral,respectively,further handle the nonlinear term carefully by the Newton linearized method.Based on the discrete fractional Gr¨onwall inequality and preserved discrete coefficients of Riemann-Liouville fractional integral,the stability and convergence of the proposed scheme are analyzed by the energy method.Theoretical results are also confirmed by a numerical example.展开更多
Target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks(WSNs).Existing target tracking protocols focus mainly on energy efficiency,and little effort has been put into network management and ...Target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks(WSNs).Existing target tracking protocols focus mainly on energy efficiency,and little effort has been put into network management and real-time data routing,which are also very important issues for target tracking.In this paper,we propose a scalable cluster-based target tracking framework,namely the hierarchical prediction strategy(HPS),for energyefficient and real-time target tracking in large-scale WSNs.HPS organizes sensor nodes into clusters by using suitable clustering protocols which are beneficial for network management and data routing.As a target moves in the network,cluster heads predict the target trajectory using Kalman filter and selectively activate the next round of sensors in advance to keep on tracking the target.The estimated locations of the target are routed to the base station via the backbone composed of the cluster heads.A soft handoff algorithm is proposed in HPS to guarantee smooth tracking of the target when the target moves from one cluster to another.Under the framework of HPS,we design and implement an energy-efficient target tracking system,HierTrack,which consists of 36 sensor motes,a sink node,and a base station.Both simulation and experimental results show the efficiency of our system.展开更多
End-to-end delay measurement has been an essential element in the deployment of real-time services in networked systems. Traditional methods of delay measurement based on time domain analysis, however, are not efficie...End-to-end delay measurement has been an essential element in the deployment of real-time services in networked systems. Traditional methods of delay measurement based on time domain analysis, however, are not efficient as the network scale and the complexity increase. We propose a novel theoretical framework to analyze the end-to-end delay distributions of networked systems from the frequency domain. We use a signal flow graph to model the delay distribution of a networked system and prove that the end-to-end delay distribution is indeed the inverse Laplace transform of the transfer function of the signal flow graph. ~vo efficient methods, Cramer＇s rule-based method and the Mason gain rule-based method, are adopted to obtain the transfer function. By analyzing the time responses of the transfer function, we obtain the end-to-end delay distribution. Based on our framework, we propose an efficient method using the dominant poles of the transfer function to work out the bottleneck links of the network. Moreover, we use the framework to study the network protocol performance. Theoretical analysis and extensive evaluations show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND With advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases,lung segment surgery has become increasingly common.Postoperative rehabilitation is critical for patient recovery,yet challenges such as complications and adverse outcomes persist.Incorporating humanized nursing modes and novel treatments like nitric oxide inhalation may enhance recovery and reduce postoperative complications.AIM To evaluate the effects of a humanized nursing mode combined with nitric oxide inhalation on the rehabilitation outcomes of patients undergoing lung surgery,focusing on pulmonary function,recovery speed,and overall treatment costs.METHODS A total of 79 patients who underwent lung surgery at a tertiary hospital from March 2021 to December 2021 were divided into a control group(n=39)receiving a routine nursing program and an experimental group(n=40)receiving additional humanized nursing interventions and atomized inhalation of nitric oxide.Key indicators were compared between the two groups alongside an analysis of treatment costs.RESULTS The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in pulmonary function,reduced average recovery time,and lower total treatment costs compared to the control group.Moreover,the quality of life in the experimental group was significantly better in the 3 months post-surgery,indicating a more effective rehabilitation process.CONCLUSION The combination of humanized nursing mode and nitric oxide inhalation in postoperative care for lung surgery patients significantly enhances pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes,accelerates recovery,and reduces economic burden.This approach offers a promising reference for improving patient care and rehabilitation efficiency following lung surgery.
基金supported by the Special Fund of National Forestry Public Welfare of the State Forestry Administration (No.201104008)a Special Fund of the Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, China (No. CAFRIFEEP201006)
文摘Environmental heterogeneity is a constant presence in the natural world that significantly affects plant behavior at a variety of levels of complexity. In order to estimate the spatial pattern of fine root biomass in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the spatial heterogeneity of fine root biomass in the upper layer of soils （0-10 cm） in three Mas- son pine （Pinus massoniana） stands in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China, was studied in 30 m x 30 m plots with geostatistical analysis. The results indicate that 1） both the live and dead fine root biomass of stand 2 were less than those of other stands, 2） the spatial variation of fine roots in the three stands was caused together by structural and ran- dom factors with moderate spatial dependence and 3） the magnitude of spatial heterogeneity of live fine roots ranked as： stand 3 〉 stand 1 〉 stand 2, while that of dead fine roots was similar in the three stands. These findings suggested that the range of spatial autocorrelation for fine root biomass varied considerably in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, while soil properties, such as soil bulk density, organic matter and total nitrogen, may exhibit great effect on the spatial distribution of fine roots. Finally, we express our hope to be able to carry out further research on the quantitative relation- ship between the spatial heterogeneous patterns of plant and soil properties.
基金The work was supported by grants from the Dark Blue 123 Project of First Affliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Foundation No.2019SLZ015)Youth Cultivation Project of Military Medical Science(Foundation No.14QNP083)the Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(Foundation No.SHDC2020CR3097B).
文摘Objective This study tests the efficacy of Bletilla striata polysaccharide(BSP),carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC),baicalin(BA)and silver titanate(ST)in a wound dressings to fight infection,promote healing and provide superior biocompatibility.Methods The antibacterial activity of BA and ST was evaluated in vitro using the inhibition zone method.BA/ST/BSP/CMC porous sponge dressings were prepared and characterized.The biocompatibility of BA/ST/BSP/CMC was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 assay.The therapeutic effect of BA/ST/BSP/CMC was further investigated using the dorsal skin burn model in Sprague-Dawley rats.Results The wound dressing had good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through BA and ST,while the combination of BSP and CMC played an important role in promoting wound healing.The BA/ST/BSP/CMC porous sponge dressings were prepared using a freeze-drying method with the concentrations of BA and ST at 20 and 0.83 mg/mL,respectively,and the optimal ratio of 5%BSP to 4%CMC was 1:3.The average porosity,water absorption and air permeability of BA/ST/BSP/CMC porous sponge dressings were measured to be 90.43%,746.1%and 66.60%,respectively.After treatment for 3 and 7 days,the healing rates of the BA/ST/BSP/CMC group and BA/BSP/CMC group were significantly higher than those of the normal saline(NS)group and silver sulfadiazine(SSD)group(P<0.05).Interleukin-1βexpression in the BA/ST/BSP/CMC group at 1 and 3 days was significantly lower than that in the other three groups(P<0.05).After being treated for 3 days,vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the BA/BSP/CMC group and BA/ST/BSP/CMC group was significantly higher than that in the NS group and SSD group(P<0.05).Inspection of histological sections showed that the BA/ST/BSP/CMC group and BA/BSP/CMC group began to develop scabbing and peeling of damaged skin after 3 days of treatment,indicating accelerated healing relative to the NS group and SSD group.Conclusion The optimized concentration of BA/ST/BSP/CMC dressing was as follows:6 mg BSP,14.4 mg CMC,0.5 mg ST and 12 mg BA.The BA/ST/BSP/CMC dressing,containing antibacterial constituents,was non-cytotoxic and effective in accelerating the healing of burn wounds,making it a promising candidate for wound healing.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(81825019 to W.L.,81722041 to H.L.,and 31970165 to L.K.Z.)the China Mega-project for Infectious Diseases(2018ZX10713002 and 2018ZX10301401 to W.L.)+1 种基金the Beijing Leading Talents in Science and Technology(Z181100006318008 to W.L.)Y.Y.was supported by NIH grants(R37 AI32042-19 and R01 AI139761).
文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)virus(SFTSV)is an emerging tick-borne virus with high fatality and an expanding endemic.Currently,effective anti-SFTSV intervention remains unavailable.Favipiravir(T-705)was recently reported to show in vitro and in animal model antiviral efficacy against SFTSV.Here,we conducted a single-blind,randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of T-705 in treating SFTS(Chinese Clinical Trial Registry website,number ChiCTR1900023350).From May to August 2018,laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients were recruited from a designated hospital and randomly assigned to receive oral T-705 in combination with supportive care or supportive care only.Fatal outcome occurred in 9.5%(7/74)of T-705 treated patients and 18.3%(13/71)of controls(odds ratio,0.466,95%Cl,0.174-1.247).Cox regression showed a significant reduction in case fatality rate(CFR)with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.366(95%Cl,0.142-0.944).Among the low-viral load subgroup(RT-PCR cycle threshold>26),T-705 treatment significantly reduced CFR from 11.5 to 1.6%(P=0.029),while no between-arm difference was observed in the high-viral load subgroup(RT-PCR cycle threshold<26).The T-705-treated group showed shorter viral clearance,lower incidence of hemorrhagic signs,and faster recovery of laboratory abnormities compared with the controls.The in vitro and animal experiments demonstrated that the antiviral efficacies of T-705 were proportionally induced by SFTSV mutation rates,particularly from two transition mutation types.The mutation analyses on T-705-treated serum samples disclosed a partially consistent mutagenesis pattern as those of the in vitro or animal experiments in reducing the SFTSV viral loads,further supporting the anti-SFTSV effect of T-705,especially for the low-viral loads.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11701103,11801095)Young Top-notch Talent Program of Guangdong Province(No.2017GC010379)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515012147,2019A1515010876,2017A030310538)the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou(No.201904010341,202102020704)the Opening Project of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Computational Science at the Sun Yat-sen University(2021023)。
文摘In this paper,a compact finite difference scheme for the nonlinear fractional integro-differential equation with weak singularity at the initial time is developed,with O(N^(-(2-α))+M^(-4))accuracy order,where N;M denote the numbers of grids in temporal and spatial direction,α ∈(0,1)is the fractional order.To recover the full accuracy based on the regularity requirement of the solution,we adopt the L1 method and the trapezoidal product integration(PI)rule with graded meshes to discretize the Caputo derivative and the Riemann-Liouville integral,respectively,further handle the nonlinear term carefully by the Newton linearized method.Based on the discrete fractional Gr¨onwall inequality and preserved discrete coefficients of Riemann-Liouville fractional integral,the stability and convergence of the proposed scheme are analyzed by the energy method.Theoretical results are also confirmed by a numerical example.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273079)the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology(Nos.ICT1206 and ICT1207)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.XDA06020300)the Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network & Communication of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.2011001)
文摘Target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks(WSNs).Existing target tracking protocols focus mainly on energy efficiency,and little effort has been put into network management and real-time data routing,which are also very important issues for target tracking.In this paper,we propose a scalable cluster-based target tracking framework,namely the hierarchical prediction strategy(HPS),for energyefficient and real-time target tracking in large-scale WSNs.HPS organizes sensor nodes into clusters by using suitable clustering protocols which are beneficial for network management and data routing.As a target moves in the network,cluster heads predict the target trajectory using Kalman filter and selectively activate the next round of sensors in advance to keep on tracking the target.The estimated locations of the target are routed to the base station via the backbone composed of the cluster heads.A soft handoff algorithm is proposed in HPS to guarantee smooth tracking of the target when the target moves from one cluster to another.Under the framework of HPS,we design and implement an energy-efficient target tracking system,HierTrack,which consists of 36 sensor motes,a sink node,and a base station.Both simulation and experimental results show the efficiency of our system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61273079 and 61502352)the Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network&Communication of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.WSNC2014001)+2 种基金the Open Research Project of the State Key Lab of Industrial Control Technology,Zhejiang University(Nos.ICT1541 and ICT1555)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.2015CFB203)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20150383)
文摘End-to-end delay measurement has been an essential element in the deployment of real-time services in networked systems. Traditional methods of delay measurement based on time domain analysis, however, are not efficient as the network scale and the complexity increase. We propose a novel theoretical framework to analyze the end-to-end delay distributions of networked systems from the frequency domain. We use a signal flow graph to model the delay distribution of a networked system and prove that the end-to-end delay distribution is indeed the inverse Laplace transform of the transfer function of the signal flow graph. ~vo efficient methods, Cramer＇s rule-based method and the Mason gain rule-based method, are adopted to obtain the transfer function. By analyzing the time responses of the transfer function, we obtain the end-to-end delay distribution. Based on our framework, we propose an efficient method using the dominant poles of the transfer function to work out the bottleneck links of the network. Moreover, we use the framework to study the network protocol performance. Theoretical analysis and extensive evaluations show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
