Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emp...Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emptive tactical opportunities for the fighter to gain air superiority. The existing methods to solve this problem have some defects such as dependence on empirical knowledge, difficulty in interpreting the recognition results, and inability to meet the requirements of actual air combat. So an online hierarchical recognition method for target tactical intention in BVR air combat based on cascaded support vector machine (CSVM) is proposed in this study. Through the mechanism analysis of BVR air combat, the instantaneous and cumulative feature information of target trajectory and relative situation information are introduced successively using online automatic decomposition of target trajectory and hierarchical progression. Then the hierarchical recognition model from target maneuver element, tactical maneuver to tactical intention is constructed. The CSVM algorithm is designed for solving this model, and the computational complexity is decomposed by the cascaded structure to overcome the problems of convergence and timeliness when the dimensions and number of training samples are large. Meanwhile, the recognition result of each layer can be used to support the composition analysis and interpretation of target tactical intention. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively realize multi-dimensional online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in BVR air combat.展开更多
Background:Malignant pleural effusion(MPE)is a complicated condition of patients with advanced tumors.Further dissecting the microenvironment of infiltrated immune cells and malignant cells are warranted to understand...Background:Malignant pleural effusion(MPE)is a complicated condition of patients with advanced tumors.Further dissecting the microenvironment of infiltrated immune cells and malignant cells are warranted to understand the immune-evasion mechanisms of tumor development and progression.Methods:The possible involvement of microRNAs(miRNAs)in malignant pleural fluid was investigated using small RNA sequencing.Regulatory T cell(Treg)markers(CD4,CD25,forkhead box P3),and Helios(also known as IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 2[IKZF2])were detected using flow cytometry.The expression levels of IKZF2 and miR-4772-3p were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The interaction between miR-4772-3p and Helios was determined using dual-luciferase reporter assays.The effects of miR-4772-3p on Helios expression were evaluated using an in vitro system.Correlation assays between miR-4772-3p and functional molecules of Tregs were performed.Results:Compared with non-malignant controls,patients with non-small cell lung cancer had an increased Tregs frequency with Helios expression in the MPE and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.The verified downregulation of miR-4772-3p was inversely related to the Helios*Tregs frequency and Helios expression in the MPE.Overexpression of miR-4772-3p could inhib让Helios expression in in vitro experiments.However,ectopic expression of Helios in induced Tregs reversed the effects induced by miR-4772-3p overexpression.Additionally,miR-4772-3p could regulate Helios expression by directly targeting IKZF2 mRNA.Conclusion:Downregulation of miR-4772-3p,by targeting Helios,contributes to enhanced Tregs activities in the MPE microenvironment.展开更多
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62076204 and Grant No.61612385in part by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China under Grants No.2021M700337in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.3102019ZX016.
文摘Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emptive tactical opportunities for the fighter to gain air superiority. The existing methods to solve this problem have some defects such as dependence on empirical knowledge, difficulty in interpreting the recognition results, and inability to meet the requirements of actual air combat. So an online hierarchical recognition method for target tactical intention in BVR air combat based on cascaded support vector machine (CSVM) is proposed in this study. Through the mechanism analysis of BVR air combat, the instantaneous and cumulative feature information of target trajectory and relative situation information are introduced successively using online automatic decomposition of target trajectory and hierarchical progression. Then the hierarchical recognition model from target maneuver element, tactical maneuver to tactical intention is constructed. The CSVM algorithm is designed for solving this model, and the computational complexity is decomposed by the cascaded structure to overcome the problems of convergence and timeliness when the dimensions and number of training samples are large. Meanwhile, the recognition result of each layer can be used to support the composition analysis and interpretation of target tactical intention. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively realize multi-dimensional online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in BVR air combat.
基金grants from the Precision Medicine Research of the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(No.2016YFC0905800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81970031,81700028)+4 种基金National Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20171501,BK20171080,BK20181497)Jiangsu Province's Young Medical Talent Program,China(No.QNRC2016600)Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission Foundation(No.Q2017001)Taizhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.TS201726)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent(No.QNRC2016508).
文摘Background:Malignant pleural effusion(MPE)is a complicated condition of patients with advanced tumors.Further dissecting the microenvironment of infiltrated immune cells and malignant cells are warranted to understand the immune-evasion mechanisms of tumor development and progression.Methods:The possible involvement of microRNAs(miRNAs)in malignant pleural fluid was investigated using small RNA sequencing.Regulatory T cell(Treg)markers(CD4,CD25,forkhead box P3),and Helios(also known as IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 2[IKZF2])were detected using flow cytometry.The expression levels of IKZF2 and miR-4772-3p were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The interaction between miR-4772-3p and Helios was determined using dual-luciferase reporter assays.The effects of miR-4772-3p on Helios expression were evaluated using an in vitro system.Correlation assays between miR-4772-3p and functional molecules of Tregs were performed.Results:Compared with non-malignant controls,patients with non-small cell lung cancer had an increased Tregs frequency with Helios expression in the MPE and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.The verified downregulation of miR-4772-3p was inversely related to the Helios*Tregs frequency and Helios expression in the MPE.Overexpression of miR-4772-3p could inhib让Helios expression in in vitro experiments.However,ectopic expression of Helios in induced Tregs reversed the effects induced by miR-4772-3p overexpression.Additionally,miR-4772-3p could regulate Helios expression by directly targeting IKZF2 mRNA.Conclusion:Downregulation of miR-4772-3p,by targeting Helios,contributes to enhanced Tregs activities in the MPE microenvironment.
