Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridyna...Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.展开更多
The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of rat cytomegalovirus(RCMV) infection on the development of the nervous system in rat embryos,and to evaluate the involvement of Wnt signaling pathway key molecu...The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of rat cytomegalovirus(RCMV) infection on the development of the nervous system in rat embryos,and to evaluate the involvement of Wnt signaling pathway key molecules and the downstream gene neurogenin 1(Ngn1) in RCMV infected neural stem cells(NSCs).Infection and control groups were established,each containing 20 pregnant Wistar rats.Rats in the infection group were inoculated with RCMV by intraperitoneal injection on the first day of pregnancy.Rat E20 embryos were taken to evaluate the teratogenic rate.NSCs were isolated from E13 embryos,and maintained in vitro.We found:1) Poor fetal development was found in the infection group with low survival and high malformation rates.2) The proliferation and differentiation of NSCs were affected.In the infection group,NSCs proliferated more slowly and had a lower neurosphere formation rate than the control.The differentiation ratio from NSCs to neurons and glial cells was significantly different from that of the control,showed by immunofluorescence staining.3) Ngn1 mRNA expression and the nuclear β-catenin protein level were significantly lower than the control on day 2 when NSCs differentiated.4) The Morris water maze test was performed on 4-week pups,and the infected rats were found worse in learning and memory ability.In a summary,RCMV infection caused abnormalities in the rat embryonic nervous system,significantly inhibited NSC proliferation and differentiation,and inhibited the expression of key molecules in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway so as to affect NSCs differentiation.This may be an important mechanism by which RCMV causes embryonic nervous system abnormalities.展开更多
Physical-layer network coding(PNC) promises substantial theoretical gain to achieve the maximum system throughput in cooperative relay transmission. However, with the increasing global warming, how to reduce power con...Physical-layer network coding(PNC) promises substantial theoretical gain to achieve the maximum system throughput in cooperative relay transmission. However, with the increasing global warming, how to reduce power consumption while satisfy system throughput requirement is becoming a vital issue. In this paper, we investigate energy-efficiency resource allocation(RA) based on PNC with amplify-and-forward(AF) protocol in orthogonal frequency division multiple(OFDM) bidirectional transmission. To minimize the overall transmit power consumption with required system throughput requirement, we consider joint subcarriers and power allocation and formulate the objective task into a constrained optimization problem where the best relay node is selected to minimize total transmit power. The closed form optimization power allocation solutions are acquired by analytical derivation. Based on derivation, we propose a novel optimal energy-efficient power allocation(OE-PA). Numerical results are given to evaluate the performance of the derived scheme as compared to other schemes and show that our scheme has signifi cant improvement to energy saving.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the drying methods,functional and structure properties of dietary fiber( DF) from peanut shells.[Methods]Peanut shells were used as a raw material to prepare peanut...[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the drying methods,functional and structure properties of dietary fiber( DF) from peanut shells.[Methods]Peanut shells were used as a raw material to prepare peanut shell dietary fiber( DF) by hot air drying( HA) and vacuum freeze drying( VF),respectively,and their functional and structural characteristics were compared in detail. [Results]The solubility,water holding capacity,oil holding capacity and swelling capacity of HA-DF and VF-DF were 2. 15 %,7. 63 g/g,7. 73 g/g,10. 35 ml/g and 3. 85 %,14. 98 g/g,15. 25 g/g,15. 85 ml/g,respectively. The total phenol contents were 2. 623 and 5. 173 mg GAE/g,respectively. The IC(50) values of ·OH,O2^-· and DPPH free radicals were 4. 16 and 4. 09 mg/ml,7. 90 and 3. 32 mg/ml,and 3. 19 and 3. 09 mg/ml,respectively. The molecular weight of VF-DF was smaller,and it had narrow molecular weight distribution and denser particles. Electron microscopy showed that VF-DF had a porous network like honeycomb and swelled structure. [Conclusions]This study can provide a theoretical basis for the functional modification and comprehensive utilization of peanut shell dietary fiber.展开更多
The May 222021 M_(W)7.4 Madoi,Qinghai,China earthquake presented a rare opportunity to apply the modern unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photography method in extreme altitude and weather conditions to image surface ruptur...The May 222021 M_(W)7.4 Madoi,Qinghai,China earthquake presented a rare opportunity to apply the modern unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photography method in extreme altitude and weather conditions to image surface ruptures and near-field effects of earthquake-related surface deformations in the remote Tibet.High-resolution aerial photographs were acquired in the days immediately following the mainshock.The complex surface rupture patterns associated with this event were covered comprehensively at 3-6 cm resolution.This effort represents the first time that an earthquake rupture in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has been fully and systematically captured by such high-resolution imagery,with an unprecedented level of detail,over its entire length.The dataset has proven valuable in documenting subtle and transient rupture features,such as the significant mole-tracks and opening fissures,which were ubiquitous coseismically but degraded during the subsequent summer storm season.Such high-quality imagery also helps to document with high fidelity the fractures of the surface rupture zone(supplements of this paper),the pattern related to how the faults ruptured to the ground surface,and the distribution of off-fault damage.In combination with other ground-based mapping efforts,the data will be analyzed in the following months to better understand the mechanics of earthquake rupture related to the fault zone rheology,rupture dynamics,and frictional properties along with the fault interface.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to explore a bibliometric approach to quantitatively assess the research on detection of monosialoganglioside from 2002 to 2011. DATA RETRIEVAL: A bibliometric analysis based on the...OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to explore a bibliometric approach to quantitatively assess the research on detection of monosialoganglioside from 2002 to 2011. DATA RETRIEVAL: A bibliometric analysis based on the publications on Web of Science was performed using key words such as "monosialoganglioside", "colloidal gold", "high performance liquid chromatography" and "detection". SELECTION CRITERIA: (1) Research articles on the detection of monosialoganglioside; (2) researches on human and animal fundamentals, clinical trials and case reports; (3) article types: article, review, proceedings paper, note, letter, editorial material, discussion, book chapter; (4) Publication year: 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria: (1) unrelated articles; (2) type of articles: correction; (3) articles from following databases: all databases related to social science and arts & humanities in Web of Science were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) distribution of subject areas; (2) number of publications annually; (3) document type and language of publications; (4) distribution of institutions; (5) distribution of output in journals; (6) the number of countries in which the article is published; (7) top cited paper. RESULTS: Overall population stands at 1 880 research articles addressing detection of monosialoganglioside in Web of Science during the study period. Articles (1 599) were the most frequently used document type comprising 85.05%, followed by meeting abstracts, reviews and proceedings papers. The distribution of subject categories showed that monosialoganglioside research covered both clinical and basic science research. The USA, Japan, and Italy were the three most productive countries, and the publication numbers in the USA were highest with 559 papers. The University of Milan, Nagoya University, and Kinki University are the most productive institutions regarding detection of monosialoganglioside. In 559 articles published by Americans, Medical College of Georgia ranked the first with 30 articles, followed by University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (28 articles), Cornell University (24 articles) and Johns Hopkins University (24 articles). In 442 articles published by Japanese, Nagoya University ranked the first with 40 articles, followed by Kinki University (36 articles), and Dokkyo University (31 articles). Though the total number of publications by Japanese is smaller than Americans, the top three institutions published more publications than American institutions. There is a markedly increase in the number of publications on the subject detection of monosialoganglioside in 2004, which the peak in the past 10 years. The valley bottom of the subject appeared in 2005. In total, the research is increased with time prolonged. Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal of Biological Chemistry and Journal of Neuroimmunology were core subject journals in monosialoganglioside studies. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the topics in detection of monosialoganglioside research that are being published around the world.展开更多
Vehicular communications have recently attracted great interest due to their potential to improve the intelligence of the transportation system.When maintaining the high reliability and low latency in the vehicle-to-v...Vehicular communications have recently attracted great interest due to their potential to improve the intelligence of the transportation system.When maintaining the high reliability and low latency in the vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)links as well as large capacity in the vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I)links,it is essential to flexibility allocate the radio resource to satisfy the different requirements in the V2V communication.This paper proposes a new radio resources allocation system for V2V communications based on the proximal strategy optimization method.In this radio resources allocation framework,a vehicle or V2V link that is designed as an agent.And through interacting with the environment,it can learn the optimal policy based on the strategy gradient and make the decision to select the optimal sub-band and the transmitted power level.Because the proposed method can output continuous actions and multi-dimensional actions,it greatly reduces the implementation complexity of large-scale communication scenarios.The simulation results indicate that the allocation method proposed in this paper can meet the latency constraints and the requested capacity of V2V links under the premise of minimizing the interference to vehicle-to-infrastructure communications.展开更多
Overstress in the surrounding rock of the roadway is a key reason that causes failures of deep roadways. Destressing blasting is one of the promising techniques that could improve the supporting quality. If the depth ...Overstress in the surrounding rock of the roadway is a key reason that causes failures of deep roadways. Destressing blasting is one of the promising techniques that could improve the supporting quality. If the depth of the pressure relief blast hole is too shallow, the surrounding rock of the roadway will be broken or even collapsed. If the pressure relief blast hole is too deep, the pressure relief area will be located in the deep part of the surrounding rock of the roadway, which cannot achieve the purpose of releasing the stress in the shallow part of the surrounding rock and cause waste of the blast hole. The width or range of the pressure relief area should just fall in the high stress area of the surrounding rock of the roadway, so the pressure relief blast hole should have a reasonable depth. In order to quantitatively describe the relationship between borehole depth and the width of the stress relief zone, numerical simulations were carried out in ANSYS according to different borehole depths. The results show that the optimal destressing effect is achieved when borehole depth is 4 m. Peak stress of and is significantly reduced by 30.51% and 49.07% after blasting. Meanwhile, the high-stress area shifts about 4.8 m from the roadside to the depth of surrounding rock, thus a 3.8 m wide stress relief zone is formed around the roadside, thus, the aim of quantizing the effects of destress blasting is achieved.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The monosialoganglioside (GM1) is a popular topic of research but the bibliometric analysis of GM1 over the decades in Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To ident...BACKGROUND: The monosialoganglioside (GM1) is a popular topic of research but the bibliometric analysis of GM1 over the decades in Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To identify the global research and to improve the understanding of research trends in the GM1 field from 1942 to 2011. DESIGN: A bibliometric study. DATA RETRIEVAL: We performed a bibliometric analysis based on the SCI-E published by the Institute of Scientific Information. INCLUSIVE CRITERIA: Articles closely related to GM1 were included. Exclusive criteria: (1) Articles related to gangliosidosis, disialo-ganglioside, trisialo-ganglioside or ganglioside GQIb. (2) Document types such as meeting abstracts, reviews, proceedings papers, notes, and letters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Type of publication output; (2) number of author outputs; (3) distribution of output in subject categories; (4) publication distribution of countries; (5) distribution of output in journals, and (6) distribution of citations in each decade. RESULTS: During 1942 to 2011, there were 10 126 papers on GM1 that were added to the SCI. Articles (8 004) were the most frequently used document type comprising 79.0%, followed by meeting abstracts, reviews and proceedings papers. Research on GM1 could be found in the SCI from 1942, it was developed in the 1970s, greatly increased in the 1980s, and reached a peak in the 1990s, and it was slightly decreased in 2000. The distribution of subject categories showed that GM1 research covered both clinical and basic science research. The USA, Japan, and Germany were the three most productive countries, and the publication numbers in the USA were highest in all decades. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal of Neurochemistry and Biochemistry were core subject journals in GM1 studies in each decade. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the topics in GM1 research that are being published around the world.展开更多
The frequency effects on the velocities and attenuations of the bulk waves in a saturated porous medium are numerically studied in the cases of considering and neglecting the compressibility of solid grain, respective...The frequency effects on the velocities and attenuations of the bulk waves in a saturated porous medium are numerically studied in the cases of considering and neglecting the compressibility of solid grain, respectively. The results show that the whole frequency can be divided into three parts, i.e., low frequency band, medium frequency band, and high frequency band, according to the variation curves and the characteristic frequency. The compressibility of the solid grain affects the P1 wave distinctively, the S wave tiny, and the P2 wave little. The effects of the porosity and Poisson's ratio on the bulk waves are numerically analyzed. It is found that both the porosity and Poisson's ratio have obvious effects on the bulk waves. Compared with the results in the case of neglecting the porosity-moduli relation, the results in the case of considering the porosity-moduli relation are more reasonable. The results in the case of considering the porosity-moduli relation can be degenerated into the results of elastic solid and pure fluid, while the results in the case of neglecting the porosity-moduli relation cannot be degenerated into the results of elastic solid and pure fluid. Therefore, the porosity-moduli relation must be considered in the parametric study for a certain porous medium.展开更多
The morphological evolution of the sand barrier in the Anhaiao coastal zone of Pingtan from 1996 to 2018 was studied.Tidal correction was used to refine the location of the coastline.A standard deviation ellipse metho...The morphological evolution of the sand barrier in the Anhaiao coastal zone of Pingtan from 1996 to 2018 was studied.Tidal correction was used to refine the location of the coastline.A standard deviation ellipse method was applied to further analyze the movement of the barrier head with the axis and rotation angle.A natural neighbor interpolation(NNI)method was carried out to calculate the terrain of the intertidal area,and the erosion and deposition characteristics were illustrated based on the terrain.The results showed that the northern part of the sand barrier facing the lagoon area was deposited over the whole studied period,while erosion has always occurred in the southern part of the sand barrier facing the open sea.The erosion and deposition were slightly different on both sides of the barrier head due to hydrodynamic turbulence.The middle sand barrier moved 102.60 m away from its original location in 1996,and the end of the barrier moved 65.45 m.The head of the sand barrier continued moving 379 m to the northwest.Consequently,the preliminary morphological evolution of the sand barrier corresponding to the distance and direction of movement was detected.展开更多
Influenced by recent COVID-19,wearing face masks to block the spread of the epidemic has become the simplest and most effective way.However,after the people wear masks,thousands of tons of medical waste by used dis-po...Influenced by recent COVID-19,wearing face masks to block the spread of the epidemic has become the simplest and most effective way.However,after the people wear masks,thousands of tons of medical waste by used dis-posable masks will be generated every day in the world,causing great pressure on the environment.Herein,con-ductive polymer composites are fabricated by simple melt blending of mask fragments(mask polypropylene,short for mPP)and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs).MWNTs were used as modifiers for composites because of their high strength and high conductivity.The crystalline structure,mechanical,electrical and thermal enhancement effect of the composites were investigated.MWNTs with high thermal stability acted the role of promoting the crystallisation of mPP by expediting the crystalline nucleation,leading to the improvement of amount for crystalline nucleus.MWNTs fibers interpenetrate with each other in mPP matrix to form conducting network.With 2.0 wt% MWNTs loading,the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the composites were increased by 809% and 7 orders of magnitude.MWNTs fibers interpenetrate with each other in mPP matrix to form conducting network.Thus,more conducting paths were constructed to transport carriers.The findings may open a way for high value utilization of the disposable masks.展开更多
[Objectives]The differences in indices of different peanut oil were found out by analyzing the quality of peanut oil obtained by different oil-making processes.[Methods]The effects of different oil-making processes on...[Objectives]The differences in indices of different peanut oil were found out by analyzing the quality of peanut oil obtained by different oil-making processes.[Methods]The effects of different oil-making processes on the quality of peanut oil were analyzed and compared through the determination of the main physicochemical indices,V_(E) contents and fatty acid compositions of peanut oil obtained by cold pressing,hot pressing and leaching and refining.[Results]The leached refined peanut oil had the lightest color and the lightest fragrance;the hot-pressed peanut oil had the highest V_(E) content;the refractive index,relative density and main fatty acid compositions of the three kinds of peanut oil had no significant differences;and there were trans-fatty acids in the leached refined peanut oil,and the trans-fatty acid contents in the leached refined fresh and aged peanut oil were 1.90%and 4.39%,respectively.The trans-fatty acid content is expected to be a characteristic index to distinguish pressed peanut oil from leached refined peanut oil.[Conclusions]This study can provide a theoretical basis for distinguishing and identifying peanut oil obtained from different oil-making processes.展开更多
Primary urachal carcinoma is a very rare cancer with a poor prognosis.It generally presents as a highgrade,high-stage tumor,and in most cases the patient has developed regional or distant metastasis at the time of pre...Primary urachal carcinoma is a very rare cancer with a poor prognosis.It generally presents as a highgrade,high-stage tumor,and in most cases the patient has developed regional or distant metastasis at the time of presentation.Here,we report a very interesting case of primary urachal adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma in a 58-year-old male who presented with a lower abdominal mass and discomfort.In this case,urachal carcinoma was successfully treated with surgery using an extended partial bladder cystectomy approach with excision of the urachal mass and umbilicus.The patient also underwent systematic chemotherapy with 5-fluorourical and cisplatin.During the 12-month follow-up period,the patient did not experience recurrence or metastasis.Overall,we found that an organ preserving extended partial cystectomy along with chemotherapy was an optimal treatment method that helped improve the patient's quality of the life with no recurrence of cancer so far.展开更多
Resveratrol is a ployphenolic compound which has a wide variety of pharmacological activity. This paper reviewed the physicochemical properties of resveratrol and its purification technology including macroporous resi...Resveratrol is a ployphenolic compound which has a wide variety of pharmacological activity. This paper reviewed the physicochemical properties of resveratrol and its purification technology including macroporous resin method, high-speed countercurrent chromatography method, molecular imprinting method, membrane separation method, column chromatography method, two-aqueous phase extraction method and the combination of purification methods, so as to provide certain reference for further research and development.展开更多
Resveratrol(Res)is a non-flavonoid polyphenol compound containing a stilbene structure,which mainly exists in grape,peanut,mulberry,Polygonum cuspidatum and other plants.It has a variety of biological activity such as...Resveratrol(Res)is a non-flavonoid polyphenol compound containing a stilbene structure,which mainly exists in grape,peanut,mulberry,Polygonum cuspidatum and other plants.It has a variety of biological activity such as anti-oxidation,anti-aging,anti-tumor and cardiovascular disease prevention.In this paper,we reviewed the current research on resveratrol s biological activity and application,and prospected the application potential and development prospects of resveratrol in food,health products and biomedicine.展开更多
This contribution probes into ergodic stationary distribution for two stochastic SVELIT(susceptible-vaccinated-early latent-late latent-infective-treated)tuberculosis(TB)models to observe the impact of white noises an...This contribution probes into ergodic stationary distribution for two stochastic SVELIT(susceptible-vaccinated-early latent-late latent-infective-treated)tuberculosis(TB)models to observe the impact of white noises and color noises on TB control in random environments.We first investigate the existence and uniqueness of ergodic stationary distribution(EUESD)for the autonomous SVELIT model subject to white noises via the proper Lyapunov functions,and suficient conditions on the extinction of disease are acquired.Next,sufficient conditions for the EUESD and the extinction of disease for the SVELIT model with Markov switching are also established.Eventually,some numerical examples validate the theoretical findings.What's more,it has been observed that higher amplitude noises may lead to the eradication of TB,which is conducive to TB control.展开更多
Excessive nitrate in water is harmful to the ecological environment and human health.Electrocatalytic reduction is a promising technology for nitrate removal.Herein,a Pd-Cu modified carbon nanotube membrane was fabric...Excessive nitrate in water is harmful to the ecological environment and human health.Electrocatalytic reduction is a promising technology for nitrate removal.Herein,a Pd-Cu modified carbon nanotube membrane was fabricated with an electrodeposition method and used to reduce nitrate in a flowthrough electrochemical reactor.The optimal potential and duration for codeposition of Pd and Cu were-0.7 V and 5 min,respectively,according to linear scan voltammetry results.The membrane obtained with a Pd:Cu ratio of 1:1 exhibited a relatively high nitrate removal efficiency and N_(2)selectivity.Nitrate was almost completely reduced(~99%)by the membrane at potentials lower than-1.2 V.However,-0.8 V was the optimal potential for nitrate reduction in terms of both nitrate removal efficiency and product selectivity.The nitrate removal efficiency was 56.2%,and the N_(2)selectivity was 23.8%for the Pd:Cu=1:1 membrane operated at-0.8 V.Nitrate removal was enhanced under acidic conditions,while N_(2)selectivity was decreased.The concentrations of Cl-ions and dissolved oxygen showed little effect on nitrate reduction.The mass transfer rate constant was greatly improved by 6.6 times from 1.14×10^(-3)m/h at a membrane flux of 1 L/(m^(2)·h)to 8.71×10^(-3)m/h at a membrane flux of 15 L/(m^(2)·h),which resulted in a significant increase in the nitrate removal rate from 13.6 to 133.5 mg/(m^(2)·h).These findings show that the Pd-Cu modified CNT membrane is an efficient material for nitrate reduction.展开更多
文摘Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.
基金Shandong Province High-level Talent of Health 1020 Project Fund(No.2008-1)Science and Technology Creative Research of Weifang Medical University(No.K11TS1010)+1 种基金A Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program(No.J12LK04)National Natural Science Foundation of China(30900775)
文摘The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of rat cytomegalovirus(RCMV) infection on the development of the nervous system in rat embryos,and to evaluate the involvement of Wnt signaling pathway key molecules and the downstream gene neurogenin 1(Ngn1) in RCMV infected neural stem cells(NSCs).Infection and control groups were established,each containing 20 pregnant Wistar rats.Rats in the infection group were inoculated with RCMV by intraperitoneal injection on the first day of pregnancy.Rat E20 embryos were taken to evaluate the teratogenic rate.NSCs were isolated from E13 embryos,and maintained in vitro.We found:1) Poor fetal development was found in the infection group with low survival and high malformation rates.2) The proliferation and differentiation of NSCs were affected.In the infection group,NSCs proliferated more slowly and had a lower neurosphere formation rate than the control.The differentiation ratio from NSCs to neurons and glial cells was significantly different from that of the control,showed by immunofluorescence staining.3) Ngn1 mRNA expression and the nuclear β-catenin protein level were significantly lower than the control on day 2 when NSCs differentiated.4) The Morris water maze test was performed on 4-week pups,and the infected rats were found worse in learning and memory ability.In a summary,RCMV infection caused abnormalities in the rat embryonic nervous system,significantly inhibited NSC proliferation and differentiation,and inhibited the expression of key molecules in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway so as to affect NSCs differentiation.This may be an important mechanism by which RCMV causes embryonic nervous system abnormalities.
基金supported by the Science Instrument Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61027003the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2012AA01A50604
文摘Physical-layer network coding(PNC) promises substantial theoretical gain to achieve the maximum system throughput in cooperative relay transmission. However, with the increasing global warming, how to reduce power consumption while satisfy system throughput requirement is becoming a vital issue. In this paper, we investigate energy-efficiency resource allocation(RA) based on PNC with amplify-and-forward(AF) protocol in orthogonal frequency division multiple(OFDM) bidirectional transmission. To minimize the overall transmit power consumption with required system throughput requirement, we consider joint subcarriers and power allocation and formulate the objective task into a constrained optimization problem where the best relay node is selected to minimize total transmit power. The closed form optimization power allocation solutions are acquired by analytical derivation. Based on derivation, we propose a novel optimal energy-efficient power allocation(OE-PA). Numerical results are given to evaluate the performance of the derived scheme as compared to other schemes and show that our scheme has signifi cant improvement to energy saving.
基金Supported by Tangshan Science Project (19150204E)。
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the drying methods,functional and structure properties of dietary fiber( DF) from peanut shells.[Methods]Peanut shells were used as a raw material to prepare peanut shell dietary fiber( DF) by hot air drying( HA) and vacuum freeze drying( VF),respectively,and their functional and structural characteristics were compared in detail. [Results]The solubility,water holding capacity,oil holding capacity and swelling capacity of HA-DF and VF-DF were 2. 15 %,7. 63 g/g,7. 73 g/g,10. 35 ml/g and 3. 85 %,14. 98 g/g,15. 25 g/g,15. 85 ml/g,respectively. The total phenol contents were 2. 623 and 5. 173 mg GAE/g,respectively. The IC(50) values of ·OH,O2^-· and DPPH free radicals were 4. 16 and 4. 09 mg/ml,7. 90 and 3. 32 mg/ml,and 3. 19 and 3. 09 mg/ml,respectively. The molecular weight of VF-DF was smaller,and it had narrow molecular weight distribution and denser particles. Electron microscopy showed that VF-DF had a porous network like honeycomb and swelled structure. [Conclusions]This study can provide a theoretical basis for the functional modification and comprehensive utilization of peanut shell dietary fiber.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1839203,42011540385)the National Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics(LED2020B03,IGCEA1812)the Science and Technology Projects of Qinghai Province(2020-ZJ-752).
文摘The May 222021 M_(W)7.4 Madoi,Qinghai,China earthquake presented a rare opportunity to apply the modern unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photography method in extreme altitude and weather conditions to image surface ruptures and near-field effects of earthquake-related surface deformations in the remote Tibet.High-resolution aerial photographs were acquired in the days immediately following the mainshock.The complex surface rupture patterns associated with this event were covered comprehensively at 3-6 cm resolution.This effort represents the first time that an earthquake rupture in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has been fully and systematically captured by such high-resolution imagery,with an unprecedented level of detail,over its entire length.The dataset has proven valuable in documenting subtle and transient rupture features,such as the significant mole-tracks and opening fissures,which were ubiquitous coseismically but degraded during the subsequent summer storm season.Such high-quality imagery also helps to document with high fidelity the fractures of the surface rupture zone(supplements of this paper),the pattern related to how the faults ruptured to the ground surface,and the distribution of off-fault damage.In combination with other ground-based mapping efforts,the data will be analyzed in the following months to better understand the mechanics of earthquake rupture related to the fault zone rheology,rupture dynamics,and frictional properties along with the fault interface.
文摘OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to explore a bibliometric approach to quantitatively assess the research on detection of monosialoganglioside from 2002 to 2011. DATA RETRIEVAL: A bibliometric analysis based on the publications on Web of Science was performed using key words such as "monosialoganglioside", "colloidal gold", "high performance liquid chromatography" and "detection". SELECTION CRITERIA: (1) Research articles on the detection of monosialoganglioside; (2) researches on human and animal fundamentals, clinical trials and case reports; (3) article types: article, review, proceedings paper, note, letter, editorial material, discussion, book chapter; (4) Publication year: 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria: (1) unrelated articles; (2) type of articles: correction; (3) articles from following databases: all databases related to social science and arts & humanities in Web of Science were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) distribution of subject areas; (2) number of publications annually; (3) document type and language of publications; (4) distribution of institutions; (5) distribution of output in journals; (6) the number of countries in which the article is published; (7) top cited paper. RESULTS: Overall population stands at 1 880 research articles addressing detection of monosialoganglioside in Web of Science during the study period. Articles (1 599) were the most frequently used document type comprising 85.05%, followed by meeting abstracts, reviews and proceedings papers. The distribution of subject categories showed that monosialoganglioside research covered both clinical and basic science research. The USA, Japan, and Italy were the three most productive countries, and the publication numbers in the USA were highest with 559 papers. The University of Milan, Nagoya University, and Kinki University are the most productive institutions regarding detection of monosialoganglioside. In 559 articles published by Americans, Medical College of Georgia ranked the first with 30 articles, followed by University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (28 articles), Cornell University (24 articles) and Johns Hopkins University (24 articles). In 442 articles published by Japanese, Nagoya University ranked the first with 40 articles, followed by Kinki University (36 articles), and Dokkyo University (31 articles). Though the total number of publications by Japanese is smaller than Americans, the top three institutions published more publications than American institutions. There is a markedly increase in the number of publications on the subject detection of monosialoganglioside in 2004, which the peak in the past 10 years. The valley bottom of the subject appeared in 2005. In total, the research is increased with time prolonged. Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal of Biological Chemistry and Journal of Neuroimmunology were core subject journals in monosialoganglioside studies. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the topics in detection of monosialoganglioside research that are being published around the world.
文摘Vehicular communications have recently attracted great interest due to their potential to improve the intelligence of the transportation system.When maintaining the high reliability and low latency in the vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)links as well as large capacity in the vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I)links,it is essential to flexibility allocate the radio resource to satisfy the different requirements in the V2V communication.This paper proposes a new radio resources allocation system for V2V communications based on the proximal strategy optimization method.In this radio resources allocation framework,a vehicle or V2V link that is designed as an agent.And through interacting with the environment,it can learn the optimal policy based on the strategy gradient and make the decision to select the optimal sub-band and the transmitted power level.Because the proposed method can output continuous actions and multi-dimensional actions,it greatly reduces the implementation complexity of large-scale communication scenarios.The simulation results indicate that the allocation method proposed in this paper can meet the latency constraints and the requested capacity of V2V links under the premise of minimizing the interference to vehicle-to-infrastructure communications.
文摘Overstress in the surrounding rock of the roadway is a key reason that causes failures of deep roadways. Destressing blasting is one of the promising techniques that could improve the supporting quality. If the depth of the pressure relief blast hole is too shallow, the surrounding rock of the roadway will be broken or even collapsed. If the pressure relief blast hole is too deep, the pressure relief area will be located in the deep part of the surrounding rock of the roadway, which cannot achieve the purpose of releasing the stress in the shallow part of the surrounding rock and cause waste of the blast hole. The width or range of the pressure relief area should just fall in the high stress area of the surrounding rock of the roadway, so the pressure relief blast hole should have a reasonable depth. In order to quantitatively describe the relationship between borehole depth and the width of the stress relief zone, numerical simulations were carried out in ANSYS according to different borehole depths. The results show that the optimal destressing effect is achieved when borehole depth is 4 m. Peak stress of and is significantly reduced by 30.51% and 49.07% after blasting. Meanwhile, the high-stress area shifts about 4.8 m from the roadside to the depth of surrounding rock, thus a 3.8 m wide stress relief zone is formed around the roadside, thus, the aim of quantizing the effects of destress blasting is achieved.
文摘BACKGROUND: The monosialoganglioside (GM1) is a popular topic of research but the bibliometric analysis of GM1 over the decades in Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To identify the global research and to improve the understanding of research trends in the GM1 field from 1942 to 2011. DESIGN: A bibliometric study. DATA RETRIEVAL: We performed a bibliometric analysis based on the SCI-E published by the Institute of Scientific Information. INCLUSIVE CRITERIA: Articles closely related to GM1 were included. Exclusive criteria: (1) Articles related to gangliosidosis, disialo-ganglioside, trisialo-ganglioside or ganglioside GQIb. (2) Document types such as meeting abstracts, reviews, proceedings papers, notes, and letters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Type of publication output; (2) number of author outputs; (3) distribution of output in subject categories; (4) publication distribution of countries; (5) distribution of output in journals, and (6) distribution of citations in each decade. RESULTS: During 1942 to 2011, there were 10 126 papers on GM1 that were added to the SCI. Articles (8 004) were the most frequently used document type comprising 79.0%, followed by meeting abstracts, reviews and proceedings papers. Research on GM1 could be found in the SCI from 1942, it was developed in the 1970s, greatly increased in the 1980s, and reached a peak in the 1990s, and it was slightly decreased in 2000. The distribution of subject categories showed that GM1 research covered both clinical and basic science research. The USA, Japan, and Germany were the three most productive countries, and the publication numbers in the USA were highest in all decades. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal of Neurochemistry and Biochemistry were core subject journals in GM1 studies in each decade. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the topics in GM1 research that are being published around the world.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1234204 and 51378463)
文摘The frequency effects on the velocities and attenuations of the bulk waves in a saturated porous medium are numerically studied in the cases of considering and neglecting the compressibility of solid grain, respectively. The results show that the whole frequency can be divided into three parts, i.e., low frequency band, medium frequency band, and high frequency band, according to the variation curves and the characteristic frequency. The compressibility of the solid grain affects the P1 wave distinctively, the S wave tiny, and the P2 wave little. The effects of the porosity and Poisson's ratio on the bulk waves are numerically analyzed. It is found that both the porosity and Poisson's ratio have obvious effects on the bulk waves. Compared with the results in the case of neglecting the porosity-moduli relation, the results in the case of considering the porosity-moduli relation are more reasonable. The results in the case of considering the porosity-moduli relation can be degenerated into the results of elastic solid and pure fluid, while the results in the case of neglecting the porosity-moduli relation cannot be degenerated into the results of elastic solid and pure fluid. Therefore, the porosity-moduli relation must be considered in the parametric study for a certain porous medium.
基金The Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences ResearchMinistry of Education under contract No.18JZD059
文摘The morphological evolution of the sand barrier in the Anhaiao coastal zone of Pingtan from 1996 to 2018 was studied.Tidal correction was used to refine the location of the coastline.A standard deviation ellipse method was applied to further analyze the movement of the barrier head with the axis and rotation angle.A natural neighbor interpolation(NNI)method was carried out to calculate the terrain of the intertidal area,and the erosion and deposition characteristics were illustrated based on the terrain.The results showed that the northern part of the sand barrier facing the lagoon area was deposited over the whole studied period,while erosion has always occurred in the southern part of the sand barrier facing the open sea.The erosion and deposition were slightly different on both sides of the barrier head due to hydrodynamic turbulence.The middle sand barrier moved 102.60 m away from its original location in 1996,and the end of the barrier moved 65.45 m.The head of the sand barrier continued moving 379 m to the northwest.Consequently,the preliminary morphological evolution of the sand barrier corresponding to the distance and direction of movement was detected.
基金M.Xiang and S.Dong wishes to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21908086 and 51801083)Changzhou Sci&Tech Program(CJ20190035)+1 种基金Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in China(19KJB610011)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181044).
文摘Influenced by recent COVID-19,wearing face masks to block the spread of the epidemic has become the simplest and most effective way.However,after the people wear masks,thousands of tons of medical waste by used dis-posable masks will be generated every day in the world,causing great pressure on the environment.Herein,con-ductive polymer composites are fabricated by simple melt blending of mask fragments(mask polypropylene,short for mPP)and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs).MWNTs were used as modifiers for composites because of their high strength and high conductivity.The crystalline structure,mechanical,electrical and thermal enhancement effect of the composites were investigated.MWNTs with high thermal stability acted the role of promoting the crystallisation of mPP by expediting the crystalline nucleation,leading to the improvement of amount for crystalline nucleus.MWNTs fibers interpenetrate with each other in mPP matrix to form conducting network.With 2.0 wt% MWNTs loading,the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the composites were increased by 809% and 7 orders of magnitude.MWNTs fibers interpenetrate with each other in mPP matrix to form conducting network.Thus,more conducting paths were constructed to transport carriers.The findings may open a way for high value utilization of the disposable masks.
文摘[Objectives]The differences in indices of different peanut oil were found out by analyzing the quality of peanut oil obtained by different oil-making processes.[Methods]The effects of different oil-making processes on the quality of peanut oil were analyzed and compared through the determination of the main physicochemical indices,V_(E) contents and fatty acid compositions of peanut oil obtained by cold pressing,hot pressing and leaching and refining.[Results]The leached refined peanut oil had the lightest color and the lightest fragrance;the hot-pressed peanut oil had the highest V_(E) content;the refractive index,relative density and main fatty acid compositions of the three kinds of peanut oil had no significant differences;and there were trans-fatty acids in the leached refined peanut oil,and the trans-fatty acid contents in the leached refined fresh and aged peanut oil were 1.90%and 4.39%,respectively.The trans-fatty acid content is expected to be a characteristic index to distinguish pressed peanut oil from leached refined peanut oil.[Conclusions]This study can provide a theoretical basis for distinguishing and identifying peanut oil obtained from different oil-making processes.
文摘Primary urachal carcinoma is a very rare cancer with a poor prognosis.It generally presents as a highgrade,high-stage tumor,and in most cases the patient has developed regional or distant metastasis at the time of presentation.Here,we report a very interesting case of primary urachal adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma in a 58-year-old male who presented with a lower abdominal mass and discomfort.In this case,urachal carcinoma was successfully treated with surgery using an extended partial bladder cystectomy approach with excision of the urachal mass and umbilicus.The patient also underwent systematic chemotherapy with 5-fluorourical and cisplatin.During the 12-month follow-up period,the patient did not experience recurrence or metastasis.Overall,we found that an organ preserving extended partial cystectomy along with chemotherapy was an optimal treatment method that helped improve the patient's quality of the life with no recurrence of cancer so far.
基金Supported by Hebei Provincial PhaseⅡModern Agricultural Industry Technology System Innovation Team Construction Project(HBCT2018120207)Tangshan Science and Technology Planning Project(19150204E)Hebei Province Innovation Ability Promotion Plan Project(20567673H)。
文摘Resveratrol is a ployphenolic compound which has a wide variety of pharmacological activity. This paper reviewed the physicochemical properties of resveratrol and its purification technology including macroporous resin method, high-speed countercurrent chromatography method, molecular imprinting method, membrane separation method, column chromatography method, two-aqueous phase extraction method and the combination of purification methods, so as to provide certain reference for further research and development.
基金The Innovation Team Construction Project of Hebei Province Phase Ⅱ Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(HBCT2018120207)Tangshan Science and Technology Planning Project(19150204E)Hebei Province Innovation Ability Promotion Plan Project(20567673H).
文摘Resveratrol(Res)is a non-flavonoid polyphenol compound containing a stilbene structure,which mainly exists in grape,peanut,mulberry,Polygonum cuspidatum and other plants.It has a variety of biological activity such as anti-oxidation,anti-aging,anti-tumor and cardiovascular disease prevention.In this paper,we reviewed the current research on resveratrol s biological activity and application,and prospected the application potential and development prospects of resveratrol in food,health products and biomedicine.
文摘This contribution probes into ergodic stationary distribution for two stochastic SVELIT(susceptible-vaccinated-early latent-late latent-infective-treated)tuberculosis(TB)models to observe the impact of white noises and color noises on TB control in random environments.We first investigate the existence and uniqueness of ergodic stationary distribution(EUESD)for the autonomous SVELIT model subject to white noises via the proper Lyapunov functions,and suficient conditions on the extinction of disease are acquired.Next,sufficient conditions for the EUESD and the extinction of disease for the SVELIT model with Markov switching are also established.Eventually,some numerical examples validate the theoretical findings.What's more,it has been observed that higher amplitude noises may lead to the eradication of TB,which is conducive to TB control.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52070147 and 52270077)the Special Fund of the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(No.22K06ESPCT)the Promotion Plan for Young Teachers’Scientific Research Ability of Minzu University of China(Nos.2021QNPY83 and 2022QNPY51).
文摘Excessive nitrate in water is harmful to the ecological environment and human health.Electrocatalytic reduction is a promising technology for nitrate removal.Herein,a Pd-Cu modified carbon nanotube membrane was fabricated with an electrodeposition method and used to reduce nitrate in a flowthrough electrochemical reactor.The optimal potential and duration for codeposition of Pd and Cu were-0.7 V and 5 min,respectively,according to linear scan voltammetry results.The membrane obtained with a Pd:Cu ratio of 1:1 exhibited a relatively high nitrate removal efficiency and N_(2)selectivity.Nitrate was almost completely reduced(~99%)by the membrane at potentials lower than-1.2 V.However,-0.8 V was the optimal potential for nitrate reduction in terms of both nitrate removal efficiency and product selectivity.The nitrate removal efficiency was 56.2%,and the N_(2)selectivity was 23.8%for the Pd:Cu=1:1 membrane operated at-0.8 V.Nitrate removal was enhanced under acidic conditions,while N_(2)selectivity was decreased.The concentrations of Cl-ions and dissolved oxygen showed little effect on nitrate reduction.The mass transfer rate constant was greatly improved by 6.6 times from 1.14×10^(-3)m/h at a membrane flux of 1 L/(m^(2)·h)to 8.71×10^(-3)m/h at a membrane flux of 15 L/(m^(2)·h),which resulted in a significant increase in the nitrate removal rate from 13.6 to 133.5 mg/(m^(2)·h).These findings show that the Pd-Cu modified CNT membrane is an efficient material for nitrate reduction.
