Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.How...Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.However,the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3)(ZIS/WO_(3))heterojunction nanostructure is fabricated to efficiently separate the photoinduced carriers by steering electron transfer from the conduction band minimum of WO_(3) to the valence band maximum of ZIS via constructing internal electric field.Subsequently,plasmonic Au nanoparticles(NPs)as a novel photosensitizer and a reduction cocatalyst are anchored on ZIS/WO_(3) surface to further enhance the optical absorption of ZIS/WO_(3) heterojunction and accelerate the catalytic conversion.The obtained Au/ZIS/WO_(3) photocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H_(2) evolution rate of 2610.6 or 3566.3μmol g^(-1)h~(-1)from seawater splitting under visible or full-spectrum light irradiation,respectively.These rates represent an impressive increase of approximately 7.3-and 6,6-fold compared to those of ZIS under the illumination of the same light source.The unique 2D/2D structure,internal electric field,and plasmonic metal modification together boost the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of Au/ZIS/WO_(3),making it even comparable to H_(2) evolution from pure water splitting.The present work sheds light on the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting.展开更多
This paper quantitatively evaluated the fatigue life of concrete around the air-water boundary layer of bridge piers located in inland rivers,considering the long-term climate.The paper suggests a method to predict th...This paper quantitatively evaluated the fatigue life of concrete around the air-water boundary layer of bridge piers located in inland rivers,considering the long-term climate.The paper suggests a method to predict the low-cycle fatigue life by demonstrating a thermal-fluid-structural analysis of bridge pier concrete according to long-term climate such as temperature,velocity and pressure of air and water in the process of freezing and thawing in winter.In addition,it proposes a reinforcing method to increase the life of damaged piers and proves the feasibility of the proposed method with numerical comparison experiment.展开更多
Grapevine is one of the most economically important crops worldwide.However,the previous versions of the grapevine reference genome tipically consist of thousands of fragments with missing centromeres and telomeres,li...Grapevine is one of the most economically important crops worldwide.However,the previous versions of the grapevine reference genome tipically consist of thousands of fragments with missing centromeres and telomeres,limiting the accessibility of the repetitive sequences,the centromeric and telomeric regions,and the study of inheritance of important agronomic traits in these regions.Here,we assembled a telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free reference genome for the cultivar PN40024 using PacBio HiFi long reads.The T2T reference genome(PN_T2T)is 69 Mb longer with 9018 more genes identified than the 12X.v0 version.We annotated 67%repetitive sequences,19 centromeres and 36 telomeres,and incorporated gene annotations of previous versions into the PN_T2T assembly.We detected a total of 377 gene clusters,which showed associations with complex traits,such as aroma and disease resistance.Even though PN40024 derives from nine generations of selfing,we still found nine genomic hotspots of heterozygous sites associated with biological processes,such as the oxidation–reduction process and protein phosphorylation.The fully annotated complete reference genome therefore constitutes an important resource for grapevine genetic studies and breeding programs.展开更多
Given the escalating impact of climate change on agriculture and food security,gaining insights into the evolutionary dynamics of climatic adaptation and uncovering climate-adapted variation can empower the breeding o...Given the escalating impact of climate change on agriculture and food security,gaining insights into the evolutionary dynamics of climatic adaptation and uncovering climate-adapted variation can empower the breeding of climate-resilient crops to face future climate change.Alfalfa(Medicago sativa subsp.sativa),the queen of forages,shows remarkable adaptability across diverse global environments,making it an excellent model for investigating species responses to climate change.In this study,we performed population genomic analyses using genome resequencing data from 702 accessions of 24 Medicago species to unravel alfalfa’s climatic adaptation and genetic susceptibility to future climate change.We found that interspecific genetic exchange has contributed to the gene pool of alfalfa,particularly enriching defense and stress-response genes.Intersubspecific introgression between M.sativa subsp.falcata(subsp.falcata)and alfalfa not only aids alfalfa’s climatic adaptation but also introduces genetic burden.A total of 1671 genes were associated with climatic adaptation,and 5.7%of them were introgressions from subsp.falcata.By integrating climate-associated variants and climate data,we identified populations that are vulnerable to future climate change,particularly in higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.These findings serve as a clarion call for targeted conservation initiatives and breeding efforts.We also identified preadaptive populations that demonstrate heightened resilience to climate fluctuations,illuminating a pathway for future breeding strategies.Collectively,this study enhances our understanding about the local adaptation mechanisms of alfalfa and facilitates the breeding of climate-resilient alfalfa cultivars,contributing to effective agricultural strategies for facing future climate change.展开更多
The influence of the inhomogeneous tissue layer on the generation of acoustic vortices （AV） is studied theoretically and experimentally based on the phase screen model. By considering the time-shift of a random phas...The influence of the inhomogeneous tissue layer on the generation of acoustic vortices （AV） is studied theoretically and experimentally based on the phase screen model. By considering the time-shift of a random phase screen, the formula of acoustic pressure for the AV beam generated by a circular array of eight planar piston sources is derived. With the actual correlation length of the abdominal wall, numerical simulations before and after the insertion of the inhomogeneous tissue layer are conducted, and also demonstrated by experimental measurements. It is proved that, when the thickness variation of the phase screen is less than one wavelength, no significant influence on the generation of AVs can be produced. The variations of vortex nodes and antinodes in terms of the location, shape, and size of AVs are not obvious. Although the circular pressure distribution might be deformed by the phase interference with a larger thickness variation, AVs can still be generated around the center axis with perfect phase spirals in a reduced effective radius. The favorable results provide the feasibility of AV generation inside the human body and suggest the application potential of AVs in object manipulation for biomedical engineering.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?The literature has consistently demonstrated that distress rumination following a traumatic event has significant implications for mental health.However,the potential ass...Summary What is already known about this topic?The literature has consistently demonstrated that distress rumination following a traumatic event has significant implications for mental health.However,the potential association between distress rumination and suicidality,as well as the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship,remains to be elucidated.What is added by this report?The current study demonstrated a significant,positive correlation between distress rumination and suicidal ideation in college students who have encountered traumatic events.The findings indicate that somatic anxiety serves as a mediator between distress rumination and suicidal ideation.What are the implications for public health practice?Interventions aimed at reducing somatic anxiety may contribute to a decrease in suicidal ideation.Assessing and addressing somatic anxiety symptoms in college students experiencing distressful rumination following traumatic events could potentially lower the risk of suicide.展开更多
Structural variations(SVs)are a feature of plant genomes that has been largely unexplored despite their significant impact on plant phenotypic traits and local adaptation to abiotic and biotic stress.In this study,we ...Structural variations(SVs)are a feature of plant genomes that has been largely unexplored despite their significant impact on plant phenotypic traits and local adaptation to abiotic and biotic stress.In this study,we employed woolly grape(Vitis retordii),a species native to the tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia with both coastal and inland habitats,as a valuable model for examining the impact of SVs on local adaptation.We assembled a haplotype-resolved chromosomal reference genome for woolly grape,and conducted population genetic analyses based on whole-genome sequencing(WGS)data from coastal and inland populations.The demographic analyses revealed recent bottlenecks in all populations and asymmetric gene flow from the inland to the coastal population.In total,1,035 genes associated with plant adaptive regulation for salt stress,radiation,and environmental adaptation were detected underlying local selection by SVs and SNPs in the coastal population,of which 37.29% and 65.26% were detected by SVs and SNPs,respectively.Candidate genes such as FSD2,RGA1,and AAP8 associated with salt tolerance were found to be highly differentiated and selected during the process of local adaptation to coastal habitats in SV regions.Our study highlights the importance of SVs in local adaptation;candidate genes related to salt stress and climatic adaptation to tropical and subtropical environments are important genomic resources for future breeding programs of grapevine and its rootstocks.展开更多
In this paper,we consider throughput maximization in cognitive radio systems with proper power control.In particular,we incorporate location-awareness into the power control design and maximize the average throughput ...In this paper,we consider throughput maximization in cognitive radio systems with proper power control.In particular,we incorporate location-awareness into the power control design and maximize the average throughput of the cognitive system.As we shall show,the proposed approach effectively utilizes the“spatial opportunity”to maximize the system throughput,which clearly outperforms traditional power control methods.Further,the proposed approach still exhibits significant throughput gain even considering imperfect position information,with appropriate robust design modifications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21872104,21501131,21978216 and 22272082)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin for Distinguished Young Scholar(20JCJQJC00150)the Analytical&Testing Center of Tiangong University for PL work。
文摘Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.However,the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3)(ZIS/WO_(3))heterojunction nanostructure is fabricated to efficiently separate the photoinduced carriers by steering electron transfer from the conduction band minimum of WO_(3) to the valence band maximum of ZIS via constructing internal electric field.Subsequently,plasmonic Au nanoparticles(NPs)as a novel photosensitizer and a reduction cocatalyst are anchored on ZIS/WO_(3) surface to further enhance the optical absorption of ZIS/WO_(3) heterojunction and accelerate the catalytic conversion.The obtained Au/ZIS/WO_(3) photocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H_(2) evolution rate of 2610.6 or 3566.3μmol g^(-1)h~(-1)from seawater splitting under visible or full-spectrum light irradiation,respectively.These rates represent an impressive increase of approximately 7.3-and 6,6-fold compared to those of ZIS under the illumination of the same light source.The unique 2D/2D structure,internal electric field,and plasmonic metal modification together boost the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of Au/ZIS/WO_(3),making it even comparable to H_(2) evolution from pure water splitting.The present work sheds light on the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting.
基金the National Program on Key Science Research of the DPR of Korea.(Grant No.0305014-01)。
文摘This paper quantitatively evaluated the fatigue life of concrete around the air-water boundary layer of bridge piers located in inland rivers,considering the long-term climate.The paper suggests a method to predict the low-cycle fatigue life by demonstrating a thermal-fluid-structural analysis of bridge pier concrete according to long-term climate such as temperature,velocity and pressure of air and water in the process of freezing and thawing in winter.In addition,it proposes a reinforcing method to increase the life of damaged piers and proves the feasibility of the proposed method with numerical comparison experiment.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program(Overseas)to Y.Z.,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant 2019YFA0906200)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ZDRW202101)+1 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(grant KQTD2016113010482651)the BMBF-funded de.
文摘Grapevine is one of the most economically important crops worldwide.However,the previous versions of the grapevine reference genome tipically consist of thousands of fragments with missing centromeres and telomeres,limiting the accessibility of the repetitive sequences,the centromeric and telomeric regions,and the study of inheritance of important agronomic traits in these regions.Here,we assembled a telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free reference genome for the cultivar PN40024 using PacBio HiFi long reads.The T2T reference genome(PN_T2T)is 69 Mb longer with 9018 more genes identified than the 12X.v0 version.We annotated 67%repetitive sequences,19 centromeres and 36 telomeres,and incorporated gene annotations of previous versions into the PN_T2T assembly.We detected a total of 377 gene clusters,which showed associations with complex traits,such as aroma and disease resistance.Even though PN40024 derives from nine generations of selfing,we still found nine genomic hotspots of heterozygous sites associated with biological processes,such as the oxidation–reduction process and protein phosphorylation.The fully annotated complete reference genome therefore constitutes an important resource for grapevine genetic studies and breeding programs.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-34)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ASTIP-IAS14)the Science Fund Program for Distinguished Young Scholars of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Overseas)to Yongfeng Zhou.
文摘Given the escalating impact of climate change on agriculture and food security,gaining insights into the evolutionary dynamics of climatic adaptation and uncovering climate-adapted variation can empower the breeding of climate-resilient crops to face future climate change.Alfalfa(Medicago sativa subsp.sativa),the queen of forages,shows remarkable adaptability across diverse global environments,making it an excellent model for investigating species responses to climate change.In this study,we performed population genomic analyses using genome resequencing data from 702 accessions of 24 Medicago species to unravel alfalfa’s climatic adaptation and genetic susceptibility to future climate change.We found that interspecific genetic exchange has contributed to the gene pool of alfalfa,particularly enriching defense and stress-response genes.Intersubspecific introgression between M.sativa subsp.falcata(subsp.falcata)and alfalfa not only aids alfalfa’s climatic adaptation but also introduces genetic burden.A total of 1671 genes were associated with climatic adaptation,and 5.7%of them were introgressions from subsp.falcata.By integrating climate-associated variants and climate data,we identified populations that are vulnerable to future climate change,particularly in higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.These findings serve as a clarion call for targeted conservation initiatives and breeding efforts.We also identified preadaptive populations that demonstrate heightened resilience to climate fluctuations,illuminating a pathway for future breeding strategies.Collectively,this study enhances our understanding about the local adaptation mechanisms of alfalfa and facilitates the breeding of climate-resilient alfalfa cultivars,contributing to effective agricultural strategies for facing future climate change.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61575095,11374155,and 11674173)
文摘The influence of the inhomogeneous tissue layer on the generation of acoustic vortices （AV） is studied theoretically and experimentally based on the phase screen model. By considering the time-shift of a random phase screen, the formula of acoustic pressure for the AV beam generated by a circular array of eight planar piston sources is derived. With the actual correlation length of the abdominal wall, numerical simulations before and after the insertion of the inhomogeneous tissue layer are conducted, and also demonstrated by experimental measurements. It is proved that, when the thickness variation of the phase screen is less than one wavelength, no significant influence on the generation of AVs can be produced. The variations of vortex nodes and antinodes in terms of the location, shape, and size of AVs are not obvious. Although the circular pressure distribution might be deformed by the phase interference with a larger thickness variation, AVs can still be generated around the center axis with perfect phase spirals in a reduced effective radius. The favorable results provide the feasibility of AV generation inside the human body and suggest the application potential of AVs in object manipulation for biomedical engineering.
基金Supported by the Social Science Fund of Shandong Province,China under Grant 22BTY082the Young Scholar Project of Shandong University.
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?The literature has consistently demonstrated that distress rumination following a traumatic event has significant implications for mental health.However,the potential association between distress rumination and suicidality,as well as the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship,remains to be elucidated.What is added by this report?The current study demonstrated a significant,positive correlation between distress rumination and suicidal ideation in college students who have encountered traumatic events.The findings indicate that somatic anxiety serves as a mediator between distress rumination and suicidal ideation.What are the implications for public health practice?Interventions aimed at reducing somatic anxiety may contribute to a decrease in suicidal ideation.Assessing and addressing somatic anxiety symptoms in college students experiencing distressful rumination following traumatic events could potentially lower the risk of suicide.
基金supported by the Science Fund Program for Distinguished Young Scholars of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Overseas)to Yongfeng ZhouNational Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32300191,32372662)+1 种基金Guangxi University,Bama Institute of Integration of Industry and Education,postgraduate joint training project(Project Nos.20210020,20210039)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grants 2023YFF1000100 and 2023YFD2200700).
文摘Structural variations(SVs)are a feature of plant genomes that has been largely unexplored despite their significant impact on plant phenotypic traits and local adaptation to abiotic and biotic stress.In this study,we employed woolly grape(Vitis retordii),a species native to the tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia with both coastal and inland habitats,as a valuable model for examining the impact of SVs on local adaptation.We assembled a haplotype-resolved chromosomal reference genome for woolly grape,and conducted population genetic analyses based on whole-genome sequencing(WGS)data from coastal and inland populations.The demographic analyses revealed recent bottlenecks in all populations and asymmetric gene flow from the inland to the coastal population.In total,1,035 genes associated with plant adaptive regulation for salt stress,radiation,and environmental adaptation were detected underlying local selection by SVs and SNPs in the coastal population,of which 37.29% and 65.26% were detected by SVs and SNPs,respectively.Candidate genes such as FSD2,RGA1,and AAP8 associated with salt tolerance were found to be highly differentiated and selected during the process of local adaptation to coastal habitats in SV regions.Our study highlights the importance of SVs in local adaptation;candidate genes related to salt stress and climatic adaptation to tropical and subtropical environments are important genomic resources for future breeding programs of grapevine and its rootstocks.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60832008)National Natural Science Foundation of China/Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(No.N-HKUST622/06).
文摘In this paper,we consider throughput maximization in cognitive radio systems with proper power control.In particular,we incorporate location-awareness into the power control design and maximize the average throughput of the cognitive system.As we shall show,the proposed approach effectively utilizes the“spatial opportunity”to maximize the system throughput,which clearly outperforms traditional power control methods.Further,the proposed approach still exhibits significant throughput gain even considering imperfect position information,with appropriate robust design modifications.
