Objective:Fu's subcutaneous needling(FSN)has been shown potential positive effectiveness in clinical practice.However,its specific effects are still not clear.This study aims to evaluate the blinding effect of a n...Objective:Fu's subcutaneous needling(FSN)has been shown potential positive effectiveness in clinical practice.However,its specific effects are still not clear.This study aims to evaluate the blinding effect of a non-penetrating sham FSN needle,developed for the first time by the authors'research team in healthy participants.Furthermore,to provide a reliable control tool to assess the specific effects of FSN.Methods:We conducted a randomized,sham-controlled trial in 60 healthy participants divided into FSN group and sham FSN group in a 1:1 ratio.The participants were assessed according to blinding index(BI),pain intensity,sensation type and acceptability of needling.Results:The James'BI was(0.56,95%CI[0.45,0.67])for two groups.The Bang's BI was(0.50,95%CI[0.24,0.76])in the FSN group and(-0.36,95%CI[-0.67,-0.07])in the sham FSN group.There was no significant difference between needling pain intensity(P>0.05)and type of needling sensation.A total of 96.6%participants who received sham FSN and 86.6%participants who received FSN considered the needling acceptable or better.Conclusion:This study confirmed the effective blinding capability of the sham FSN needles in healthy participants,indicating that the novel non-penetrating sham FSN needle can be served as eligible control to evaluatethe specific effects of FSN.展开更多
Beamforming using sensor array is widely used in spatial signal processing since it offers better spatial focusing capability than single sensor. However, in practical appli- cations for broadband signal, there always...Beamforming using sensor array is widely used in spatial signal processing since it offers better spatial focusing capability than single sensor. However, in practical appli- cations for broadband signal, there always exists a trade-off issue between the directivity capability of an array and its robustness on system errors. In this paper, in order to combine merits of different beamformers instead of trade-off their per- formances, we propose a constrained minimum-power com- bination method. We firstly analyze two optimal beamform- ers that maximize Directivity Factor （DF） and White Noise Gain （WNG） respectively. Then we propose a non-linear combination method, which automatically selects the best beamformer that has the minimum output power, so as to control the unwanted white noise amplification and keep the maximum DF if possible. Two solutions to the proposed com- bination strategy are given. They do not need to determine the correct trade-off factor used in linear combination method, and avoid challenge ~stimations on noise and target statistics required in adaptive beamforming. The performance of the proposed beamformer is evaluated in ideal noise fields and complicated noise fields respectively. It is shown that the proposed beamformer integrates merits of different beamform- ers. It always achieves the best speech quality and biggest noise reduction compared to other popular beamformers.展开更多
3D audio effects can provide immersive auditory experience, but we often face the so-called in-head localization （IHL） problem in headphone sound reproduction. To ad- dress this problem, we propose an effective soun...3D audio effects can provide immersive auditory experience, but we often face the so-called in-head localization （IHL） problem in headphone sound reproduction. To ad- dress this problem, we propose an effective sound image externalization approach. Specifically, we consider several important factors related to sound propagation, which include image-source model based early reflections with distance decay, wall absorption and air absorption, late reverberation and other dynamic factors like head movement. We apply our sound image externalization approach to a headphone based real-time 3D audio system. Subjective listening tests show that the sound image externalization performance is significantly improved and the sound source direction is preserved as well. A/B preference test further shows that, as compared with a recent popular approach, the proposed approach is mostly preferred by the listeners.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangdong Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:202,101.
文摘Objective:Fu's subcutaneous needling(FSN)has been shown potential positive effectiveness in clinical practice.However,its specific effects are still not clear.This study aims to evaluate the blinding effect of a non-penetrating sham FSN needle,developed for the first time by the authors'research team in healthy participants.Furthermore,to provide a reliable control tool to assess the specific effects of FSN.Methods:We conducted a randomized,sham-controlled trial in 60 healthy participants divided into FSN group and sham FSN group in a 1:1 ratio.The participants were assessed according to blinding index(BI),pain intensity,sensation type and acceptability of needling.Results:The James'BI was(0.56,95%CI[0.45,0.67])for two groups.The Bang's BI was(0.50,95%CI[0.24,0.76])in the FSN group and(-0.36,95%CI[-0.67,-0.07])in the sham FSN group.There was no significant difference between needling pain intensity(P>0.05)and type of needling sensation.A total of 96.6%participants who received sham FSN and 86.6%participants who received FSN considered the needling acceptable or better.Conclusion:This study confirmed the effective blinding capability of the sham FSN needles in healthy participants,indicating that the novel non-penetrating sham FSN needle can be served as eligible control to evaluatethe specific effects of FSN.
文摘Beamforming using sensor array is widely used in spatial signal processing since it offers better spatial focusing capability than single sensor. However, in practical appli- cations for broadband signal, there always exists a trade-off issue between the directivity capability of an array and its robustness on system errors. In this paper, in order to combine merits of different beamformers instead of trade-off their per- formances, we propose a constrained minimum-power com- bination method. We firstly analyze two optimal beamform- ers that maximize Directivity Factor （DF） and White Noise Gain （WNG） respectively. Then we propose a non-linear combination method, which automatically selects the best beamformer that has the minimum output power, so as to control the unwanted white noise amplification and keep the maximum DF if possible. Two solutions to the proposed com- bination strategy are given. They do not need to determine the correct trade-off factor used in linear combination method, and avoid challenge ~stimations on noise and target statistics required in adaptive beamforming. The performance of the proposed beamformer is evaluated in ideal noise fields and complicated noise fields respectively. It is shown that the proposed beamformer integrates merits of different beamform- ers. It always achieves the best speech quality and biggest noise reduction compared to other popular beamformers.
文摘3D audio effects can provide immersive auditory experience, but we often face the so-called in-head localization （IHL） problem in headphone sound reproduction. To ad- dress this problem, we propose an effective sound image externalization approach. Specifically, we consider several important factors related to sound propagation, which include image-source model based early reflections with distance decay, wall absorption and air absorption, late reverberation and other dynamic factors like head movement. We apply our sound image externalization approach to a headphone based real-time 3D audio system. Subjective listening tests show that the sound image externalization performance is significantly improved and the sound source direction is preserved as well. A/B preference test further shows that, as compared with a recent popular approach, the proposed approach is mostly preferred by the listeners.
