Engineering hydrogels that resemble biological tissues of various lengths via conventional fabrication techniques remains challenging.Three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting has emerged as an advanced approach for constructi...Engineering hydrogels that resemble biological tissues of various lengths via conventional fabrication techniques remains challenging.Three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting has emerged as an advanced approach for constructing complex biomimetic 3D architectures,which are currently restricted by the limited number of available bioinks with high printability,biomimicry,biocompatibility,and proper mechanical properties.Inspired by ubiquitous coacervation phenomena in biology,we present a unique mineral-biopolymer coacervation strategy that enables the hierarchical assembly of nanoclay and recombinant human collagen(RHC).This system was observed to undergo a coacervation transition(liquid‒liquid phase separation)spontaneously.The formed dense phase separated from its supernatant is the coacervate of clay-RHC-rich complexes,where polymer chains are sandwiched between silicate layers.Molecular dynamics simulation was first used to verify and explore the coacervation process.Then,the coacervates were demonstrated to be potential bioinks that exhibited excellent self-supporting and shear-thinning viscoelastic properties.Through extrusion-based printing,the versatility of the bioink was demonstrated by reconstructing the key features of several biological tissues,including multilayered lattice,vascular,nose,and ear-like structures,without the need for precrosslinking operations or support baths.Furthermore,the printed scaffolds were cytocompatible,elicited minimal inflammatory responses,and promoted bone regeneration in calvarial defects.展开更多
Orychophragmus violaceus,referred to as‘‘eryuelan’’(February orchid)in China,is an early-flowering ornamental plant.The high oil content and abundance of unsaturated fatty acids in O.violaceus seeds make it a pote...Orychophragmus violaceus,referred to as‘‘eryuelan’’(February orchid)in China,is an early-flowering ornamental plant.The high oil content and abundance of unsaturated fatty acids in O.violaceus seeds make it a potential high-quality oilseed crop.Here,we generated a whole-genome assembly for O.violaceus using Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies.The assembled genome of O.violaceus was~1.3 Gb in size,with 12 pairs of chromosomes.Through investigation of ancestral genome evolution,we determined that the genome of O.violaceus experienced a tetraploidization event from a diploid progenitor with the translocated proto-Calepineae karyotype.Comparisons between the reconstructed subgenomes of O.violaceus identified indicators of subgenome dominance,indicating that subgenomes likely originated via allotetraploidy.O.violaceus was phylogenetically close to the Brassica genus,and tetraploidy in O.violaceus occurred approximately 8.57 million years ago,close in time to the whole-genome triplication of Brassica that likely arose via an intermediate tetraploid lineage.However,the tetraploidization in Orychophragmus was independent of the hexaploidization in Brassica,as evidenced by the results from detailed phylogenetic analyses and comparisons of the break and fusion points of ancestral genomic blocks.Moreover,identification of multi-copy genes regulating the production of high-quality oil highlighted the contributions of both tetraploidization and tandem duplication to functional innovation in O.violaceus.These findings provide novel insights into the polyploidization evolution of plant species and will promote both functional genomic studies and domestication/breeding efforts in O.violaceus.展开更多
基金the projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32301209)Key R&D Projects of Henan Province(Nos.231111312400 and 241111220400).
文摘Engineering hydrogels that resemble biological tissues of various lengths via conventional fabrication techniques remains challenging.Three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting has emerged as an advanced approach for constructing complex biomimetic 3D architectures,which are currently restricted by the limited number of available bioinks with high printability,biomimicry,biocompatibility,and proper mechanical properties.Inspired by ubiquitous coacervation phenomena in biology,we present a unique mineral-biopolymer coacervation strategy that enables the hierarchical assembly of nanoclay and recombinant human collagen(RHC).This system was observed to undergo a coacervation transition(liquid‒liquid phase separation)spontaneously.The formed dense phase separated from its supernatant is the coacervate of clay-RHC-rich complexes,where polymer chains are sandwiched between silicate layers.Molecular dynamics simulation was first used to verify and explore the coacervation process.Then,the coacervates were demonstrated to be potential bioinks that exhibited excellent self-supporting and shear-thinning viscoelastic properties.Through extrusion-based printing,the versatility of the bioink was demonstrated by reconstructing the key features of several biological tissues,including multilayered lattice,vascular,nose,and ear-like structures,without the need for precrosslinking operations or support baths.Furthermore,the printed scaffolds were cytocompatible,elicited minimal inflammatory responses,and promoted bone regeneration in calvarial defects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC grants 31722048 and 31972411)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.Chinasupported by the China Agricultural Research System—Green Manure(CARS-22).
文摘Orychophragmus violaceus,referred to as‘‘eryuelan’’(February orchid)in China,is an early-flowering ornamental plant.The high oil content and abundance of unsaturated fatty acids in O.violaceus seeds make it a potential high-quality oilseed crop.Here,we generated a whole-genome assembly for O.violaceus using Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies.The assembled genome of O.violaceus was~1.3 Gb in size,with 12 pairs of chromosomes.Through investigation of ancestral genome evolution,we determined that the genome of O.violaceus experienced a tetraploidization event from a diploid progenitor with the translocated proto-Calepineae karyotype.Comparisons between the reconstructed subgenomes of O.violaceus identified indicators of subgenome dominance,indicating that subgenomes likely originated via allotetraploidy.O.violaceus was phylogenetically close to the Brassica genus,and tetraploidy in O.violaceus occurred approximately 8.57 million years ago,close in time to the whole-genome triplication of Brassica that likely arose via an intermediate tetraploid lineage.However,the tetraploidization in Orychophragmus was independent of the hexaploidization in Brassica,as evidenced by the results from detailed phylogenetic analyses and comparisons of the break and fusion points of ancestral genomic blocks.Moreover,identification of multi-copy genes regulating the production of high-quality oil highlighted the contributions of both tetraploidization and tandem duplication to functional innovation in O.violaceus.These findings provide novel insights into the polyploidization evolution of plant species and will promote both functional genomic studies and domestication/breeding efforts in O.violaceus.
