Struvite(MAP)crystallization technology is widely used to treat ammonia nitrogen in waste effluents of its simple operation and good removal efficiency.However,the presence of heavy metal ions in the waste effluents c...Struvite(MAP)crystallization technology is widely used to treat ammonia nitrogen in waste effluents of its simple operation and good removal efficiency.However,the presence of heavy metal ions in the waste effluents causes problems such as slow crystallization rate and small crystal size,limiting the recovery rate and economic value of the MAP.The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrations of three heavy metal ions(Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),and Pb^(2+))on the crystal morphology,crystal size,average growth rate,and crystallization kinetics of MAP.A relationship was established between the kinetic rate constant Ktcalculated by the chemical gradient model and the concentrations of heavy metal ions.The results showed that low concentrations of heavy metal ions in the solution created pits on the MAP surface,and high level of heavy metal ions generated flocs on the MAP surface,which were composed of metal hydroxides,thus inhibiting crystal growth.The crystal size,average growth rate,MAP crystallization rate,and kinetic rate constant Ktdecreased with the increase in heavy metal ion concentration.Moreover,the Ktdemonstrated a linear relationship with the heavy metal concentration ln(C/C~*),which provided a reference for the optimization of the MAP crystallization process in the presence of heavy metal ions.展开更多
Background The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)comorbid with depression is common.However,the mechanisms of AD with depression remain unclear.Aims To investigate the regional alterations of brain activity of ...Background The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)comorbid with depression is common.However,the mechanisms of AD with depression remain unclear.Aims To investigate the regional alterations of brain activity of AD with depression in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).Methods 154 patients with AD who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from the Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2014 to October 2016.According to whether the core symptoms of depression were present,patients were divided into two groups,22 patients with AD with depression(AD-D)and 52 patients with AD without depression(AD-nD).The amplitude of low frequency fluctuations(ALFF)was compared between two groups by performing independent-samples f-test.Results Compared with the AD-D group,increased ALFF values in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus were observed in the AD-nD group.The brain activity in the AD-nD group in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus and the left inferior frontal gyrus was higher than the AD-D group.Conclusions Resting-state brain functional alterations may be closely bound up with the pathophysiologic features of patients with AD with depressive symptoms.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21838004)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PPZY2015A044)Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution (TAPP)。
文摘Struvite(MAP)crystallization technology is widely used to treat ammonia nitrogen in waste effluents of its simple operation and good removal efficiency.However,the presence of heavy metal ions in the waste effluents causes problems such as slow crystallization rate and small crystal size,limiting the recovery rate and economic value of the MAP.The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrations of three heavy metal ions(Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),and Pb^(2+))on the crystal morphology,crystal size,average growth rate,and crystallization kinetics of MAP.A relationship was established between the kinetic rate constant Ktcalculated by the chemical gradient model and the concentrations of heavy metal ions.The results showed that low concentrations of heavy metal ions in the solution created pits on the MAP surface,and high level of heavy metal ions generated flocs on the MAP surface,which were composed of metal hydroxides,thus inhibiting crystal growth.The crystal size,average growth rate,MAP crystallization rate,and kinetic rate constant Ktdecreased with the increase in heavy metal ion concentration.Moreover,the Ktdemonstrated a linear relationship with the heavy metal concentration ln(C/C~*),which provided a reference for the optimization of the MAP crystallization process in the presence of heavy metal ions.
基金This study was funded by Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(2014C33126)Public Welfare Technology Research and Social Development Projects(2014-)+3 种基金This study is also funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81201057)Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau Project(20124109)Chinese Medical Association,Psychiatry-Servier Youth Research Fund,Shanghai Mental Health Center international cooperation project(2013-)Shanghai Municipal Center for Mental Health Clinical Research Program.This study is funded by Key Research Project of Zhejiang TCM Science and Technology Plan of China(2018ZZ010).
文摘Background The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)comorbid with depression is common.However,the mechanisms of AD with depression remain unclear.Aims To investigate the regional alterations of brain activity of AD with depression in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).Methods 154 patients with AD who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from the Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2014 to October 2016.According to whether the core symptoms of depression were present,patients were divided into two groups,22 patients with AD with depression(AD-D)and 52 patients with AD without depression(AD-nD).The amplitude of low frequency fluctuations(ALFF)was compared between two groups by performing independent-samples f-test.Results Compared with the AD-D group,increased ALFF values in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus were observed in the AD-nD group.The brain activity in the AD-nD group in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus and the left inferior frontal gyrus was higher than the AD-D group.Conclusions Resting-state brain functional alterations may be closely bound up with the pathophysiologic features of patients with AD with depressive symptoms.
