Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehe...Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined. We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5, NJ-9108, and YJ-805) and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK), 200 kg ha~(–1)(MN), and 300 kg ha~(–1)(HN)). We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period. Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering, jointing, booting, and heading stages. The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages. The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order: HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805, but the difference was not significant. The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits, such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=–0.895), plant water content(–0.912), net photosynthesis(–0.84), stomatal conductance(–0.91), transpiration rate(–0.90), and leaf stomatal area(–0.83). A structural equation model(SEM) showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy temperature.Our study revealed:(1) A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2) the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature, and(3) at that stage, canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield, panicle number, and grain number per panicle. This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction.展开更多
The canopy temperature of rice is an important index that directly reflects the growth and physiological state of rice,and affects the yield of rice plants to a great extent.The correlation between the temperatures of...The canopy temperature of rice is an important index that directly reflects the growth and physiological state of rice,and affects the yield of rice plants to a great extent.The correlation between the temperatures of different rice organs and canopy in different growth stages and the grain yield is complex.The stability and universality of these correlations must be verified.We conducted a pot experiment using two rice varieties and two temperature treatments(high temperature treatment was carried out at the beginning of heading stage for 10 days).We measured rice organ temperature during seven stages of growth using a high-precision infrared thermal imager.Results showed that the optimal observation period for the rice canopy temperature was 13:00.Although the rice variety did not significantly impact the canopy or organ temperature(p>0.05),the different organs and canopy exhibited significantly different temperatures(p<0.05).The correlations between the leaf,stem,panicle,canopy–air temperature differences and seed setting rate,theoretical and actual yields were the strongest during the milk stage.Among them,the correlation coefficient betweenΔT_(s) and theoretical and actual yields was the highest,the relationship between theoretical yield(Y)andΔT_(s)(X)was Y=−5.6965X+27.778,R^(2)=0.9155.Compared withΔT_(l),ΔT_(p) andΔTc,ΔT_(s) was closely related to the main traits of plants.ΔT_(s) could better reflect the growth characteristics of rice thanΔT_(c),such as dry matter accumulation(r=−0.931),SPAD(r=0.699),N concentration(r=0.714),transpiration rate(r=−0.722).In conclusion,stem temperature was more important indicator than canopy temperature.Stem temperature is a better screening index for rice breeding and cultivation management in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1500404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801310)+1 种基金the Natural Science Projects of Universities in Jiangsu Province,China(21KJA210001)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China。
文摘Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined. We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5, NJ-9108, and YJ-805) and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK), 200 kg ha~(–1)(MN), and 300 kg ha~(–1)(HN)). We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period. Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering, jointing, booting, and heading stages. The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages. The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order: HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805, but the difference was not significant. The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits, such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=–0.895), plant water content(–0.912), net photosynthesis(–0.84), stomatal conductance(–0.91), transpiration rate(–0.90), and leaf stomatal area(–0.83). A structural equation model(SEM) showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy temperature.Our study revealed:(1) A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2) the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature, and(3) at that stage, canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield, panicle number, and grain number per panicle. This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801310)Category A of the Major Projects of Natural Science Research in Universities of Jiangsu Province(21KJA210001)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘The canopy temperature of rice is an important index that directly reflects the growth and physiological state of rice,and affects the yield of rice plants to a great extent.The correlation between the temperatures of different rice organs and canopy in different growth stages and the grain yield is complex.The stability and universality of these correlations must be verified.We conducted a pot experiment using two rice varieties and two temperature treatments(high temperature treatment was carried out at the beginning of heading stage for 10 days).We measured rice organ temperature during seven stages of growth using a high-precision infrared thermal imager.Results showed that the optimal observation period for the rice canopy temperature was 13:00.Although the rice variety did not significantly impact the canopy or organ temperature(p>0.05),the different organs and canopy exhibited significantly different temperatures(p<0.05).The correlations between the leaf,stem,panicle,canopy–air temperature differences and seed setting rate,theoretical and actual yields were the strongest during the milk stage.Among them,the correlation coefficient betweenΔT_(s) and theoretical and actual yields was the highest,the relationship between theoretical yield(Y)andΔT_(s)(X)was Y=−5.6965X+27.778,R^(2)=0.9155.Compared withΔT_(l),ΔT_(p) andΔTc,ΔT_(s) was closely related to the main traits of plants.ΔT_(s) could better reflect the growth characteristics of rice thanΔT_(c),such as dry matter accumulation(r=−0.931),SPAD(r=0.699),N concentration(r=0.714),transpiration rate(r=−0.722).In conclusion,stem temperature was more important indicator than canopy temperature.Stem temperature is a better screening index for rice breeding and cultivation management in the future.
