Based on the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper uses panel data from 124 countries between 2006 and 2019 to build a difference-in-differences(DID)model to investigate the BRI employm...Based on the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper uses panel data from 124 countries between 2006 and 2019 to build a difference-in-differences(DID)model to investigate the BRI employment effect on participating countries and mechanisms.We observed that the BRI had significantly increased employment rates in participating countries,and that this result remained robust after using the instrumental variable(IV)to mitigate endogeneity and perform a robustness test.There are differences in the BRI’s employment effect depending on the income level,labor conditions,and the digital economy’s development level of BRI countries:compared with low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries,the BRI has a more significantly positive effect on the employment rates of upper-middle-income and high-income countries;the BRI’s employment effect is stronger in countries with higher labor market efficiencies and better labor relations;In countries with higher levels of digital economy,the BRI has a relatively greater positive effect on employment.The BRI has increased employment rates in participating countries on both the supply and demand sides by building infrastructure,interconnecting industries and resources,and improving human capital through the exchange of human resources.Further analysis suggests that the BRI’s employment effect promotes the sophistication of participating countries’employment structures,hence improving employment quality,and that participating countries’employment levels may continue to improve in the medium and long run.展开更多
青年高质量就业是国家和社会持续发展的基石,在全球经济持续发展和技术不断革新的背景下,解决青年就业问题至关重要。新兴技术和经济形态为青年就业带来新机遇,但劳动力市场竞争、技能更新和工作不稳定性等挑战亦并存。本文梳理了Web of...青年高质量就业是国家和社会持续发展的基石,在全球经济持续发展和技术不断革新的背景下,解决青年就业问题至关重要。新兴技术和经济形态为青年就业带来新机遇,但劳动力市场竞争、技能更新和工作不稳定性等挑战亦并存。本文梳理了Web of Science外文期刊数据库中收录的进入21世纪以来国际知名期刊所发表的文献5272篇,通过系统研究分析发现国际青年就业问题的主要研究视角包括青年就业现状、青年就业行为及其影响因素、青年公共就业服务政策体系三个方面。此外,现有研究还关注到了数字经济、零工经济和人工智能技术为青年就业带来的新趋势、新机遇与新挑战。尽管国内外学者对青年就业问题进行了一系列研究,但仍在交叉学科研究、跨文化和跨国比较研究、长期跟踪和动态分析、政策实施效果评估等方面存在研究缺口,需要进一步深化和完善,以更全面、深入地理解青年就业问题的多维性和复杂性。展开更多
基金supported by the Project of the Fudan University-Jinguang Group Think Tank:“Research on China’s Poverty Reduction Experiences and Poverty Reduction Cooperation among BRI Countries”(Grant No.JGSXK2107).
文摘Based on the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper uses panel data from 124 countries between 2006 and 2019 to build a difference-in-differences(DID)model to investigate the BRI employment effect on participating countries and mechanisms.We observed that the BRI had significantly increased employment rates in participating countries,and that this result remained robust after using the instrumental variable(IV)to mitigate endogeneity and perform a robustness test.There are differences in the BRI’s employment effect depending on the income level,labor conditions,and the digital economy’s development level of BRI countries:compared with low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries,the BRI has a more significantly positive effect on the employment rates of upper-middle-income and high-income countries;the BRI’s employment effect is stronger in countries with higher labor market efficiencies and better labor relations;In countries with higher levels of digital economy,the BRI has a relatively greater positive effect on employment.The BRI has increased employment rates in participating countries on both the supply and demand sides by building infrastructure,interconnecting industries and resources,and improving human capital through the exchange of human resources.Further analysis suggests that the BRI’s employment effect promotes the sophistication of participating countries’employment structures,hence improving employment quality,and that participating countries’employment levels may continue to improve in the medium and long run.
文摘青年高质量就业是国家和社会持续发展的基石,在全球经济持续发展和技术不断革新的背景下,解决青年就业问题至关重要。新兴技术和经济形态为青年就业带来新机遇,但劳动力市场竞争、技能更新和工作不稳定性等挑战亦并存。本文梳理了Web of Science外文期刊数据库中收录的进入21世纪以来国际知名期刊所发表的文献5272篇,通过系统研究分析发现国际青年就业问题的主要研究视角包括青年就业现状、青年就业行为及其影响因素、青年公共就业服务政策体系三个方面。此外,现有研究还关注到了数字经济、零工经济和人工智能技术为青年就业带来的新趋势、新机遇与新挑战。尽管国内外学者对青年就业问题进行了一系列研究,但仍在交叉学科研究、跨文化和跨国比较研究、长期跟踪和动态分析、政策实施效果评估等方面存在研究缺口,需要进一步深化和完善,以更全面、深入地理解青年就业问题的多维性和复杂性。
