台风“烟花”于2021年7月22日00时(世界时,下同)在台湾岛东侧突然向北转向,但美国、日本和中国的业务预报均没有正确预报出该过程。基于NCEP/NCAR提供的全球再分析资料(Final Operational Global Analysis,FNL),采用Lanczos滤波方法分...台风“烟花”于2021年7月22日00时(世界时,下同)在台湾岛东侧突然向北转向,但美国、日本和中国的业务预报均没有正确预报出该过程。基于NCEP/NCAR提供的全球再分析资料(Final Operational Global Analysis,FNL),采用Lanczos滤波方法分析发现,台风“烟花”转向前的西行减速主要受到与季风涡旋有关的季节内尺度环境引导气流分量的影响,向北转向及转向后的向北加速则主要受到季风涡旋和台风相互作用导致的天气尺度环境引导气流分量的引导,主要和beta涡旋对旋转、与季风涡旋的合并、以及加强的Rossby波能量频散这3个重要过程有关。台风“烟花”在纬向尺度约3 000 km的季节内尺度季风涡旋北部的偏东气流西移过程中,与季风涡旋相互作用导致beta涡旋对气旋性旋转,通风流经历东南风—东北风—西南风的转变,使得“烟花”向西减速并逐渐向季风涡旋中心移动,并于7月22日00时与季风涡旋合并,加强了Rossby波能量频散,使得“烟花”东南边缘的天气尺度西南风加强,为缓慢移动的“烟花”提供了向北的引导,“烟花”突然向北转向。展开更多
The movement speed of Typhoon In-Fa(2021)was notably slow,at 10 km h-1or less,for over 20 hours following its landfall in Zhejiang,China,in contrast to other typhoons that have made landfall.This study examines the fa...The movement speed of Typhoon In-Fa(2021)was notably slow,at 10 km h-1or less,for over 20 hours following its landfall in Zhejiang,China,in contrast to other typhoons that have made landfall.This study examines the factors contributing to the slow movement of Typhoon In-Fa,including the steering flow,diabatic heating,vertical wind shear(VWS),and surface synoptic situation,by comparing it with Typhoons Yagi(2018)and Rumbia(2018)which followed similar tracks.The findings reveal that the movement speed of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia is most closely associated with their respective 500 h Pa environmental winds,with a steering flow of 10^(-12)m s^(-1).In contrast,Typhoon InFa’s movement speed is most strongly correlated with the 850 h Pa environmental wind field,with a steering flow speed of only 2 m s^(-1).Furthermore,as Typhoon In-Fa moves northwest after landfall,its intensity is slightly greater than that of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia,and the pressure gradient in front of Typhoon In-Fa is notably smaller,leading to its slow movement.Additionally,the precipitation distribution of Typhoon In-Fa differs from that of the other two typhoons,resulting in a weak asymmetry of wavenumber-1 diabatic heating,which indirectly affects its movement speed.Further analysis indicates that VWS can alter the typhoon’s structure,weaken its intensity,and ultimately impact its movement.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021MD012)CMA Special Fund for Innovation and Development(CXFZ2023J015)。
文摘The movement speed of Typhoon In-Fa(2021)was notably slow,at 10 km h-1or less,for over 20 hours following its landfall in Zhejiang,China,in contrast to other typhoons that have made landfall.This study examines the factors contributing to the slow movement of Typhoon In-Fa,including the steering flow,diabatic heating,vertical wind shear(VWS),and surface synoptic situation,by comparing it with Typhoons Yagi(2018)and Rumbia(2018)which followed similar tracks.The findings reveal that the movement speed of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia is most closely associated with their respective 500 h Pa environmental winds,with a steering flow of 10^(-12)m s^(-1).In contrast,Typhoon InFa’s movement speed is most strongly correlated with the 850 h Pa environmental wind field,with a steering flow speed of only 2 m s^(-1).Furthermore,as Typhoon In-Fa moves northwest after landfall,its intensity is slightly greater than that of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia,and the pressure gradient in front of Typhoon In-Fa is notably smaller,leading to its slow movement.Additionally,the precipitation distribution of Typhoon In-Fa differs from that of the other two typhoons,resulting in a weak asymmetry of wavenumber-1 diabatic heating,which indirectly affects its movement speed.Further analysis indicates that VWS can alter the typhoon’s structure,weaken its intensity,and ultimately impact its movement.
