湖泊沉积物不仅记录了湖泊演化的过程,还蕴含了丰富的碳储量。本文以青藏高原西部郭扎错407 cm长的湖芯为例,探讨了8.7 ka BP以来该湖由淡水湖演变到咸水湖的过程中,有机碳和无机碳沉积通量与储量的变化及影响因素。郭扎错无机碳沉积通...湖泊沉积物不仅记录了湖泊演化的过程,还蕴含了丰富的碳储量。本文以青藏高原西部郭扎错407 cm长的湖芯为例,探讨了8.7 ka BP以来该湖由淡水湖演变到咸水湖的过程中,有机碳和无机碳沉积通量与储量的变化及影响因素。郭扎错无机碳沉积通量范围为4.6~35.1 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),平均值为17 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),无机碳储量范围为2.5×10^(6)~19.1×10^(6) t/a,平均值为9.2×10^(6) t/a,无机碳总储量约为18.5×10^(9) t。有机碳沉积通量范围为1.6~7.3 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),平均值为4.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),有机碳储量范围为1.5×10^(6)~3.3×10^(6) t/a,平均值为2.2×10^(6) t/a,有机碳总储量约为1.63×10^(9) t。8.7 ka BP以来,三个不同环境演化阶段(8.7~4.0 ka BP,4.0~1.5 ka BP,以及1.5 ka BP至今)中,4.0~1.5 ka BP气候寒冷干旱,湖泊为淡水湖,但无机碳和有机碳的沉积通量和储量都表现为低值。根据碳沉积通量和储量的变化特征发现,无机碳的沉积与碳酸盐矿物成因有关,而有机碳沉积则与黏土矿物的成因有关,二者都与环境、湖水性质变化有关,其中温度对无机碳沉积通量和储量的影响大于盐度的影响,而温度对有机碳沉积通量和储量的影响小于盐度的影响。展开更多
The high-pressure behavior of deep carbonate dictates the state and dynamics of oxidized carbon in the Earth's mantle,playing a vital role in the global carbon cycle and potentially influencing long-term climate c...The high-pressure behavior of deep carbonate dictates the state and dynamics of oxidized carbon in the Earth's mantle,playing a vital role in the global carbon cycle and potentially influencing long-term climate change.Optical absorption and Raman spectroscopic measurements were carried out on two natural carbonate samples in diamond-anvil cells up to 60 GPa.Mg-substitution in high-spin siderite FeCO_(3)increases the crystal field absorption band position by approximately 1000 cm^(-1),but such an effect is marginal at>40 GPa when entering the low-spin state.The crystal field absorption band of dolomite cannot be recognized upon compression to 45.8 GPa at room temperature but,in contrast,the high-pressure polymorph of dolomite exhibits a strong absorption band at frequencies higher than(Mg,Fe)CO_(3)in the lowspin state by 2000–2500 cm^(-1).Additionally,these carbonate minerals show more complicated features for the absorption edge,decreasing with pressure and undergoing a dramatic change through the spin crossover.The optical and vibrational properties of carbonate minerals are highly correlated with iron content and spin transition,indicating that iron is preferentially partitioned into low-spin carbonates.These results shed new light on how carbonate minerals evolve in the mantle,which is crucial to decode the deep carbon cycle.展开更多
A set of techniques for well treatment aimed to enhance oil recovery are considered in the present study.These are based on the application of elastic waves of various types(dilation-wave,vibro-wave,or other acoustica...A set of techniques for well treatment aimed to enhance oil recovery are considered in the present study.These are based on the application of elastic waves of various types(dilation-wave,vibro-wave,or other acoustically induced effects).In such a context,a new technique is proposed to predict the effectiveness of the elastic-wave well treatment using the rank distribution according to Zipf’s law.It is revealed that,when the results of elastic wave well treatments are analyzed,groups of wells exploiting various geological deposits can differ in terms of their slope coefficients and free members.As the slope coefficient increases,the average increase in the well oil production rate(after the well treatment)becomes larger.An equation is obtained accordingly for estimating the slope coefficient in the Zipf’s equation from the frequency of the elastic wave.The obtained results demonstrate the applicability of the Zipf’s law in the analysis of the technological efficiency of elastic-wave well treatment methods.展开更多
文摘湖泊沉积物不仅记录了湖泊演化的过程,还蕴含了丰富的碳储量。本文以青藏高原西部郭扎错407 cm长的湖芯为例,探讨了8.7 ka BP以来该湖由淡水湖演变到咸水湖的过程中,有机碳和无机碳沉积通量与储量的变化及影响因素。郭扎错无机碳沉积通量范围为4.6~35.1 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),平均值为17 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),无机碳储量范围为2.5×10^(6)~19.1×10^(6) t/a,平均值为9.2×10^(6) t/a,无机碳总储量约为18.5×10^(9) t。有机碳沉积通量范围为1.6~7.3 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),平均值为4.0 g·m^(-2)·a^(-1),有机碳储量范围为1.5×10^(6)~3.3×10^(6) t/a,平均值为2.2×10^(6) t/a,有机碳总储量约为1.63×10^(9) t。8.7 ka BP以来,三个不同环境演化阶段(8.7~4.0 ka BP,4.0~1.5 ka BP,以及1.5 ka BP至今)中,4.0~1.5 ka BP气候寒冷干旱,湖泊为淡水湖,但无机碳和有机碳的沉积通量和储量都表现为低值。根据碳沉积通量和储量的变化特征发现,无机碳的沉积与碳酸盐矿物成因有关,而有机碳沉积则与黏土矿物的成因有关,二者都与环境、湖水性质变化有关,其中温度对无机碳沉积通量和储量的影响大于盐度的影响,而温度对有机碳沉积通量和储量的影响小于盐度的影响。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0708502)。
文摘The high-pressure behavior of deep carbonate dictates the state and dynamics of oxidized carbon in the Earth's mantle,playing a vital role in the global carbon cycle and potentially influencing long-term climate change.Optical absorption and Raman spectroscopic measurements were carried out on two natural carbonate samples in diamond-anvil cells up to 60 GPa.Mg-substitution in high-spin siderite FeCO_(3)increases the crystal field absorption band position by approximately 1000 cm^(-1),but such an effect is marginal at>40 GPa when entering the low-spin state.The crystal field absorption band of dolomite cannot be recognized upon compression to 45.8 GPa at room temperature but,in contrast,the high-pressure polymorph of dolomite exhibits a strong absorption band at frequencies higher than(Mg,Fe)CO_(3)in the lowspin state by 2000–2500 cm^(-1).Additionally,these carbonate minerals show more complicated features for the absorption edge,decreasing with pressure and undergoing a dramatic change through the spin crossover.The optical and vibrational properties of carbonate minerals are highly correlated with iron content and spin transition,indicating that iron is preferentially partitioned into low-spin carbonates.These results shed new light on how carbonate minerals evolve in the mantle,which is crucial to decode the deep carbon cycle.
基金supported by the Government of Perm Krai,Research Project No.C-26/628 dated 05/04/2021.
文摘A set of techniques for well treatment aimed to enhance oil recovery are considered in the present study.These are based on the application of elastic waves of various types(dilation-wave,vibro-wave,or other acoustically induced effects).In such a context,a new technique is proposed to predict the effectiveness of the elastic-wave well treatment using the rank distribution according to Zipf’s law.It is revealed that,when the results of elastic wave well treatments are analyzed,groups of wells exploiting various geological deposits can differ in terms of their slope coefficients and free members.As the slope coefficient increases,the average increase in the well oil production rate(after the well treatment)becomes larger.An equation is obtained accordingly for estimating the slope coefficient in the Zipf’s equation from the frequency of the elastic wave.The obtained results demonstrate the applicability of the Zipf’s law in the analysis of the technological efficiency of elastic-wave well treatment methods.
