Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are limited.This study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible rel...Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are limited.This study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible relationships with VA,VD,and other factors in postpartum women.Methods A total of 1,311 mothers(896 lactating and 415 non-lactating)from Hebei,Zhejiang,and Guangxi provinces were included in this study.The urinary iodine concentration(UIC),TSH,VA,and VD were measured.Results The median UIC of total and lactating participants were 142.00µg/L and 139.95µg/L,respectively.The median TSH,VA,and VD levels in all the participants were 1.89 mIU/L,0.44μg/mL,and 24.04 ng/mL,respectively.No differences in the UIC were found between lactating and non-lactating mothers.UIC and TSH levels were significantly different among the three provinces.The rural UIC was higher than the urban UIC.Obese mothers had a higher UIC and a higher prevalence of excessive TSH.Higher UICs and TSHs levels were observed in both the VD deficiency and insufficiency groups than in the VD-sufficient group.After adjustment,no linear correlation was observed between UIC and VA/VD.No interaction was found between vitamins A/D and UIC on TSH levels.Conclusion The mothers in the present study had no iodine deficiency.Region,area type,BMI,and VD may be related to the iodine status or TSH levels.展开更多
目的了解北京地区孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质摄入情况,探讨膳食蛋白质摄入频率与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的关系。方法本研究数据来自北京出生队列研究(Beijing Birth Cohort Study),最终纳入10320例于2018年9月至2...目的了解北京地区孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质摄入情况,探讨膳食蛋白质摄入频率与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的关系。方法本研究数据来自北京出生队列研究(Beijing Birth Cohort Study),最终纳入10320例于2018年9月至2020年12月在首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院门诊进行常规产检的孕6~16周健康单胎孕妇,通过食物频率法了解孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质摄入情况。于孕24~28周行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,根据国际糖尿病与妊娠研究组(International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups,IADPSG)标准诊断GDM。采用χ^(2)检验分析研究对象基线特征与GDM发病率的关系,采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法探讨膳食蛋白质摄入频率与GDM发病率的关系。结果①本研究纳入的10320例孕妇中确诊为GDM的有1585例,发病率为15.4%。②单因素分析结果显示,总蛋白质类食物、动物蛋白、红肉的摄入频率与GDM的发生风险有关(P<0.05),每周摄入频率越高,GDM发病率越高;而植物蛋白、白肉摄入频率与GDM的发生风险无关(P>0.05)。进一步分析显示,猪肉的摄入频率与GDM的发生风险有关(P<0.05),摄入频率越高,GDM发病率越高。③多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,在控制了年龄、学历、产次、孕前体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、糖尿病家族史后,孕早期蛋白质类食物总摄入频率增加会增加GDM的发生风险(OR=1.504,95%CI:1.138~1.988);其中动物蛋白摄入频率对GDM发生有影响(OR=1.429,95%CI:1.122~1.984),而未发现植物蛋白摄入频率对GDM发生有影响。进一步分析显示,红肉的摄入频率增加会增加GDM的发生风险(OR=1.288,95%CI:1.072~1.547),而未发现白肉摄入频率对GDM发生有影响。在红肉类别中,猪肉的摄入频率增加会增加GDM的发生风险(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.007~1.044)。结论北京地区孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质的主要来源为动物蛋白中的肉类。较高的动物蛋白摄入频率,特别是以猪肉为主的红肉,是GDM发生的危险因素,而白肉和植物蛋白摄入频率与GDM发生无关。妇幼保健人员应该开展孕早期,甚至备孕期的营养宣教,以利于GDM的预防。展开更多
基金funded by the National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China Medical Reform Major Program‘2016-2017 National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women’Major Public Health Project‘Survey and Evaluation of Iodine Nutrition and Thyroid Diseases of Chinese Population’[131031107000160007].
文摘Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are limited.This study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible relationships with VA,VD,and other factors in postpartum women.Methods A total of 1,311 mothers(896 lactating and 415 non-lactating)from Hebei,Zhejiang,and Guangxi provinces were included in this study.The urinary iodine concentration(UIC),TSH,VA,and VD were measured.Results The median UIC of total and lactating participants were 142.00µg/L and 139.95µg/L,respectively.The median TSH,VA,and VD levels in all the participants were 1.89 mIU/L,0.44μg/mL,and 24.04 ng/mL,respectively.No differences in the UIC were found between lactating and non-lactating mothers.UIC and TSH levels were significantly different among the three provinces.The rural UIC was higher than the urban UIC.Obese mothers had a higher UIC and a higher prevalence of excessive TSH.Higher UICs and TSHs levels were observed in both the VD deficiency and insufficiency groups than in the VD-sufficient group.After adjustment,no linear correlation was observed between UIC and VA/VD.No interaction was found between vitamins A/D and UIC on TSH levels.Conclusion The mothers in the present study had no iodine deficiency.Region,area type,BMI,and VD may be related to the iodine status or TSH levels.
文摘目的了解北京地区孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质摄入情况,探讨膳食蛋白质摄入频率与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的关系。方法本研究数据来自北京出生队列研究(Beijing Birth Cohort Study),最终纳入10320例于2018年9月至2020年12月在首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院门诊进行常规产检的孕6~16周健康单胎孕妇,通过食物频率法了解孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质摄入情况。于孕24~28周行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,根据国际糖尿病与妊娠研究组(International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups,IADPSG)标准诊断GDM。采用χ^(2)检验分析研究对象基线特征与GDM发病率的关系,采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法探讨膳食蛋白质摄入频率与GDM发病率的关系。结果①本研究纳入的10320例孕妇中确诊为GDM的有1585例,发病率为15.4%。②单因素分析结果显示,总蛋白质类食物、动物蛋白、红肉的摄入频率与GDM的发生风险有关(P<0.05),每周摄入频率越高,GDM发病率越高;而植物蛋白、白肉摄入频率与GDM的发生风险无关(P>0.05)。进一步分析显示,猪肉的摄入频率与GDM的发生风险有关(P<0.05),摄入频率越高,GDM发病率越高。③多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,在控制了年龄、学历、产次、孕前体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、糖尿病家族史后,孕早期蛋白质类食物总摄入频率增加会增加GDM的发生风险(OR=1.504,95%CI:1.138~1.988);其中动物蛋白摄入频率对GDM发生有影响(OR=1.429,95%CI:1.122~1.984),而未发现植物蛋白摄入频率对GDM发生有影响。进一步分析显示,红肉的摄入频率增加会增加GDM的发生风险(OR=1.288,95%CI:1.072~1.547),而未发现白肉摄入频率对GDM发生有影响。在红肉类别中,猪肉的摄入频率增加会增加GDM的发生风险(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.007~1.044)。结论北京地区孕早期孕妇膳食蛋白质的主要来源为动物蛋白中的肉类。较高的动物蛋白摄入频率,特别是以猪肉为主的红肉,是GDM发生的危险因素,而白肉和植物蛋白摄入频率与GDM发生无关。妇幼保健人员应该开展孕早期,甚至备孕期的营养宣教,以利于GDM的预防。
