Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing pr...Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simultaneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.展开更多
Liquid biopsy is a technology that exhibits potential to detect cancer early,monitor therapies,and predict cancer prognosis due to its unique characteristics,including noninvasive sampling and real-time analysis.Circu...Liquid biopsy is a technology that exhibits potential to detect cancer early,monitor therapies,and predict cancer prognosis due to its unique characteristics,including noninvasive sampling and real-time analysis.Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and extracellular vesicles(EVs)are two important components of circulating targets,carrying substantial disease-related molecular information and playing a key role in liquid biopsy.Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides with superior affinity and specificity,and they can bind to targets by folding into unique tertiary structures.Aptamer-based microfluidic platforms offer new ways to enhance the purity and capture efficiency of CTCs and EVs by combining the advantages of microfluidic chips as isolation platforms and aptamers as recognition tools.In this review,we first briefly introduce some new strategies for aptamer discovery based on traditional and aptamer-based microfluidic approaches.Then,we subsequently summarize the progress of aptamer-based microfluidics for CTC and EV detection.Finally,we offer an outlook on the future directional challenges of aptamer-based microfluidics for circulating targets in clinical applications.展开更多
免疫介导肾病患者感染新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的风险增加。大多数免疫介导肾病患者接种COVID-19疫苗后的免疫应答水平较低,这与免疫抑制状态或者基础疾病引起的合并症和并发症有关。在使用利妥昔单抗、吗...免疫介导肾病患者感染新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的风险增加。大多数免疫介导肾病患者接种COVID-19疫苗后的免疫应答水平较低,这与免疫抑制状态或者基础疾病引起的合并症和并发症有关。在使用利妥昔单抗、吗替麦考酚酯(mycophenolate mofetil,MMF)、高剂量的糖皮质激素和其他免疫抑制剂(如环磷酰胺)的患者中,疫苗引起的体液免疫反应(通过抗体测量)会减弱或缺失。新的COVID-19变异株的出现和疫苗有效性的减弱凸显了加强剂的价值,以及需要开发针对变异株的疫苗。COVID-19疫苗总体安全性良好,接种后新发或复发性免疫介导肾病的风险非常低。即使发生,包括使用免疫抑制剂的患者,肾病的标准治疗仍然有效。欧洲肾脏协会免疫肾病工作组(Immunonephrology Working Group of the European Renal Association,ERA-IWG)和欧洲血管炎学会(European Vasculitis Society,EUVAS)推荐免疫介导肾病患者应遵循当地疫苗接种指南进行接种,并且可以根据接种后的抗体水平决定是否需要接种额外的加强剂。展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao,China(Grant No.:FDCT0044/2018/AFJ).
文摘Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simultaneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82003710 and 82173808)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant Nos.:2020A1515010075 and 2021B1515020100)+3 种基金the Project of Educational Commission of Guangdong Province(Grant No.:2021ZDZX2012)the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project(Grant No.:2023A04J1163)the National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project(Clinical Pharmacy)High-Level Clinical Key Specialty(Clinical Pharmacy)in Guangdong Province,China.
文摘Liquid biopsy is a technology that exhibits potential to detect cancer early,monitor therapies,and predict cancer prognosis due to its unique characteristics,including noninvasive sampling and real-time analysis.Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and extracellular vesicles(EVs)are two important components of circulating targets,carrying substantial disease-related molecular information and playing a key role in liquid biopsy.Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides with superior affinity and specificity,and they can bind to targets by folding into unique tertiary structures.Aptamer-based microfluidic platforms offer new ways to enhance the purity and capture efficiency of CTCs and EVs by combining the advantages of microfluidic chips as isolation platforms and aptamers as recognition tools.In this review,we first briefly introduce some new strategies for aptamer discovery based on traditional and aptamer-based microfluidic approaches.Then,we subsequently summarize the progress of aptamer-based microfluidics for CTC and EV detection.Finally,we offer an outlook on the future directional challenges of aptamer-based microfluidics for circulating targets in clinical applications.
文摘免疫介导肾病患者感染新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的风险增加。大多数免疫介导肾病患者接种COVID-19疫苗后的免疫应答水平较低,这与免疫抑制状态或者基础疾病引起的合并症和并发症有关。在使用利妥昔单抗、吗替麦考酚酯(mycophenolate mofetil,MMF)、高剂量的糖皮质激素和其他免疫抑制剂(如环磷酰胺)的患者中,疫苗引起的体液免疫反应(通过抗体测量)会减弱或缺失。新的COVID-19变异株的出现和疫苗有效性的减弱凸显了加强剂的价值,以及需要开发针对变异株的疫苗。COVID-19疫苗总体安全性良好,接种后新发或复发性免疫介导肾病的风险非常低。即使发生,包括使用免疫抑制剂的患者,肾病的标准治疗仍然有效。欧洲肾脏协会免疫肾病工作组(Immunonephrology Working Group of the European Renal Association,ERA-IWG)和欧洲血管炎学会(European Vasculitis Society,EUVAS)推荐免疫介导肾病患者应遵循当地疫苗接种指南进行接种,并且可以根据接种后的抗体水平决定是否需要接种额外的加强剂。
