鳈属(Sarcocheilichthys)鱼类是东亚地区常见小型淡水鱼类,并具有一定的养殖开发潜力。深入了解鳈属鱼类的遗传结构及其地域变异,对科学制定保护计划和可持续利用野生资源具有重要意义。试验采用鳈属鱼类包括小鳈(S.parvus,XQ)20尾,江西...鳈属(Sarcocheilichthys)鱼类是东亚地区常见小型淡水鱼类,并具有一定的养殖开发潜力。深入了解鳈属鱼类的遗传结构及其地域变异,对科学制定保护计划和可持续利用野生资源具有重要意义。试验采用鳈属鱼类包括小鳈(S.parvus,XQ)20尾,江西鳈(S.kiangsiensis,JXQ)20尾,黑鳍鳈(S.nigripinnis,HQQ)20尾,东北鳈(S.lacustris,DBQ)24尾,华鳈(S.sinensis)淮河群体(HQ_(HH))20尾、闽江群体(HQ_(MJ))17尾、江西群体(HQ_(JX))15尾和建德群体(HQ_(JD))17尾,并对每个群体的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ,COI)序列片段进行了测序和分析。试验结果表明,在获得的153个样本序列(668 bp)中,保守位点507个,变异位点154个,简约信息位点150个,碱基缺失或插入位点27个,平均转换与颠换比值为5.2。HQQ群体的单倍型多样性(Hd)最低(0.442),HQHH群体的Hd略高于HQQ群体(0.574),DBQ群体的Hd则稍高于HQHH群体(0.707),而XQ群体的Hd最高(0.963),HQMJ和HQJX群体的Hd则略低于XQ群体(0.860、0.848)。核苷酸多样变化趋势则与Hd结果类似。153尾个体定义了56种单倍型,各群体的单倍型网络中均存在各自群体的主要单倍型,如Hap_2、Hap_33和Hap_37等。基于遗传距离构建的UPGMA分子系统发育树、层次聚类树和NeighborNet分子系统发育网络表明,XQ、HQQ、JXQ和其他鳈属鱼类间遗传关系较远,而DBQ与HQHH群体间遗传关系较近。该研究利用COI序列片段评估了4个华鳈地理群体及其他4种鳈属鱼类的遗传多样性。研究结果将有助于了解华鳈不同地理群体及其他4种鳈属鱼类野生资源的遗传多样性现状,为今后华鳈以及其他4种鳈属鱼类种质资源保护及利用提供参考。展开更多
为了解古新河鱼类群落结构特征,于2022年12月对该河进行了1次调查,共采集鱼类13种,隶属于2目4科,其中76.92%为鲤科(Cyprinidae)鱼类。古新河水域鱼类群落优势种为蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)、银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio);4种摄食...为了解古新河鱼类群落结构特征,于2022年12月对该河进行了1次调查,共采集鱼类13种,隶属于2目4科,其中76.92%为鲤科(Cyprinidae)鱼类。古新河水域鱼类群落优势种为蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)、银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio);4种摄食功能群中,杂食性(46.15%)和肉食性(38.46%)鱼类物种数比例较高,共占总物种数的84.62%;3种生态类群中,淡水定居性鱼类占绝大多数(84.62%)。群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值偏低,平均值为1.15,且在空间上有差异,1#的H′为0.76,不到2#的1/2,引起原因应与蒙古鲌等优势种空间分布不均及采样点间物种数不同有关。To understand the status of biodiversity and community structure of fish assemblage in the Guxin River, the resource survey was conducted in December 2022. A total of 13 species of fish were collected, belonging to 2 orders and 4 families. Among them, Cyprinidae had the largest number of species, accounting for 76.92%. Culter mongolicus and Carassius auratus gibelio were the dominant species in winter. Omnivorous (46.15%) and Carnivorous (38.46%) fish specices were the most frequent of the four feeding functional groups, which account for 84.62% of the total, and sedentary fish species (84.62%) were the most frequent of three ecological groups. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the community was relatively low, with an average value of 1.15. And there were spatial differences, with H′of 1# being 0.76, which was less than half of 2#. The reason for this should be related to the uneven spatial distribution of dominant species such as Mongolian culter and the different number of species between sampling points.展开更多
为了能给白斑狗鱼耐高温性状的改良提供有效的分子标记,本研究基于白斑狗鱼热敏感组(109尾)和耐高温组(103尾)进行简化基因组测序,对25个染色体中的InDel标记,以前两个PCA为协变量,利用MLM模型(Masked Language Mode)与白斑狗鱼的耐热...为了能给白斑狗鱼耐高温性状的改良提供有效的分子标记,本研究基于白斑狗鱼热敏感组(109尾)和耐高温组(103尾)进行简化基因组测序,对25个染色体中的InDel标记,以前两个PCA为协变量,利用MLM模型(Masked Language Mode)与白斑狗鱼的耐热性状进行了关联分析。结果显示,大部分InDel分布在内含子(63.69%),外显子分布的InDel位点较少(1.30%)。通过GWAS分析,发现5个位点与白斑狗鱼耐热性状显著关联,分别位于safb基因、未知基因LOC117593903和CLSTN2基因内含子中。其中9N del、4N del-1和4N del-2三个InDel位点均位于CLSTN2基因第3内含子,这3个位点在212尾个体中基因型分布高度连锁。本研究中发现的5个InDel突变可能会对白斑狗鱼的耐热性状产生显著的影响,可作为白斑狗鱼耐热性状改良的候选分子标记。进一步在验证群体中利用KASP技术对部分位点进行了验证。发现9N del位点DD基因型个体在热敏感组中占优势,DI基因型个体在耐高温组中占优势,与简化基因组测序结果基本一致。位于CLSTN2基因第2内含子的3个InDel位点可能影响CLSTN2基因的转录,该基因可能是白斑狗鱼耐高温性状相关的重要候选基因。研究结果为白斑狗鱼分子标记辅助育种提供了理论依据,为白斑狗鱼耐热性状的改良提供了候选分子标记。展开更多
文摘鳈属(Sarcocheilichthys)鱼类是东亚地区常见小型淡水鱼类,并具有一定的养殖开发潜力。深入了解鳈属鱼类的遗传结构及其地域变异,对科学制定保护计划和可持续利用野生资源具有重要意义。试验采用鳈属鱼类包括小鳈(S.parvus,XQ)20尾,江西鳈(S.kiangsiensis,JXQ)20尾,黑鳍鳈(S.nigripinnis,HQQ)20尾,东北鳈(S.lacustris,DBQ)24尾,华鳈(S.sinensis)淮河群体(HQ_(HH))20尾、闽江群体(HQ_(MJ))17尾、江西群体(HQ_(JX))15尾和建德群体(HQ_(JD))17尾,并对每个群体的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ,COI)序列片段进行了测序和分析。试验结果表明,在获得的153个样本序列(668 bp)中,保守位点507个,变异位点154个,简约信息位点150个,碱基缺失或插入位点27个,平均转换与颠换比值为5.2。HQQ群体的单倍型多样性(Hd)最低(0.442),HQHH群体的Hd略高于HQQ群体(0.574),DBQ群体的Hd则稍高于HQHH群体(0.707),而XQ群体的Hd最高(0.963),HQMJ和HQJX群体的Hd则略低于XQ群体(0.860、0.848)。核苷酸多样变化趋势则与Hd结果类似。153尾个体定义了56种单倍型,各群体的单倍型网络中均存在各自群体的主要单倍型,如Hap_2、Hap_33和Hap_37等。基于遗传距离构建的UPGMA分子系统发育树、层次聚类树和NeighborNet分子系统发育网络表明,XQ、HQQ、JXQ和其他鳈属鱼类间遗传关系较远,而DBQ与HQHH群体间遗传关系较近。该研究利用COI序列片段评估了4个华鳈地理群体及其他4种鳈属鱼类的遗传多样性。研究结果将有助于了解华鳈不同地理群体及其他4种鳈属鱼类野生资源的遗传多样性现状,为今后华鳈以及其他4种鳈属鱼类种质资源保护及利用提供参考。
文摘为了解古新河鱼类群落结构特征,于2022年12月对该河进行了1次调查,共采集鱼类13种,隶属于2目4科,其中76.92%为鲤科(Cyprinidae)鱼类。古新河水域鱼类群落优势种为蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus)、银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio);4种摄食功能群中,杂食性(46.15%)和肉食性(38.46%)鱼类物种数比例较高,共占总物种数的84.62%;3种生态类群中,淡水定居性鱼类占绝大多数(84.62%)。群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值偏低,平均值为1.15,且在空间上有差异,1#的H′为0.76,不到2#的1/2,引起原因应与蒙古鲌等优势种空间分布不均及采样点间物种数不同有关。To understand the status of biodiversity and community structure of fish assemblage in the Guxin River, the resource survey was conducted in December 2022. A total of 13 species of fish were collected, belonging to 2 orders and 4 families. Among them, Cyprinidae had the largest number of species, accounting for 76.92%. Culter mongolicus and Carassius auratus gibelio were the dominant species in winter. Omnivorous (46.15%) and Carnivorous (38.46%) fish specices were the most frequent of the four feeding functional groups, which account for 84.62% of the total, and sedentary fish species (84.62%) were the most frequent of three ecological groups. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the community was relatively low, with an average value of 1.15. And there were spatial differences, with H′of 1# being 0.76, which was less than half of 2#. The reason for this should be related to the uneven spatial distribution of dominant species such as Mongolian culter and the different number of species between sampling points.
