MXenes,a two-dimensional transition metal carbide,nitride,and carbonitride family,have received a lot of interest in recent years due to their unique properties and diverse applications.This review presents a comprehe...MXenes,a two-dimensional transition metal carbide,nitride,and carbonitride family,have received a lot of interest in recent years due to their unique properties and diverse applications.This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the applications and electrochemical characteristics of MXenes,providing a nuanced viewpoint on their potential impact in variousfields.MXenes have a large surface area,high electrical conductivity,and variable surface chemistry,making them appealing candidates for energy storage,catalysis,sensing,and electronic device applications.The electrochemical characteristics of MXenes are fully investigated,including charge storage capacity and ion diffusion kinetics,highlighting their usefulness for supercapacitors,lithium-ion batteries,and other energy storage devices.Furthermore,this study digs into the interactions of MXenes with various electrolytes,offering insight into the obstacles and potential related to their practical application.The review also discusses the strategies employed to modify MXene properties and enhance their performance in surface chemistries across various energy storage devices and bio/sensor and clarify the correlations between their electrochemical properties and the required functions.Ultimately,this work provides a comprehensive outlook on the current state of MXene research,emphasizing the potentially transformative role of these materials in advancing technology across various domains.展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs)as a well-known kind of cancer marker are closely associated with the formation and metastasis of tumors.Here,a novel tetraphenylethylene(TPE)-doped covalent organic frameworks(TPE-COFs)with strong ag...MicroRNAs(miRNAs)as a well-known kind of cancer marker are closely associated with the formation and metastasis of tumors.Here,a novel tetraphenylethylene(TPE)-doped covalent organic frameworks(TPE-COFs)with strong aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence(AIECL)response was synthesized and introduced to construct an ultrasensitive biosensor for the detection of miRNA-21.The strong aggregation-induced emission(AIE)response was obtained because the molecular motion of TPE was restricted by COFs which had the porosity and highly ordered topological structure.Meanwhile,the porous structure of COFs allowed TPE to react with electrochemiluminescence(ECL)coreactants more effectively.Furthermore,COFs significantly improved the electron transport efficiency of the entire ECL system.All of these endowed the TPE-COFs with superior AIECL performance.Then,a TPE-COFs based ECL resonance energy transfer(ECL-RET)system was constructed for ultrasensitive miRNA-21 biosensing with differential signal readout.The proposed assays exhibited excellent sensitivity with a wide dynamic range from 10 aM to 1 pM and a low detection limit of 2.18 aM.Therefore,these indicated that doping TPE in COFs was a creative way to develop functional COFs and provided an effective way for enhancing AIECL.Furthermore,this work boarded the application of AIECL in analytical chemistry.展开更多
A solar-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)cell is emerging as one of the promising clean hydrogen generation systems.Engineering of semiconductor heterojunctions and surface morphologies of photoelectrodes in a PEC cell...A solar-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)cell is emerging as one of the promising clean hydrogen generation systems.Engineering of semiconductor heterojunctions and surface morphologies of photoelectrodes in a PEC cell has been a primitive approach to boost its performance.This study presents that a molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))nanoflakes photoanode on 3-dimensional(3D)porous carbon spun fabric(CSF)as a substrate effectively enhances hydrogen generations due to sufficiently enlarged surface area.MoS_(2)is grown on CSFs utilizing a hydrothermal method.Among three different MoS_(2)coating morphologies depending on the amount of MoS_(2)precursor and hydrothermal growth time,film shape MoS_(2)on CSFs had the largest surface area,exhibiting the highest photocurrent density of 26.48 mA/cm^(2)and the highest applied bias photon-to-current efficiency(ABPE)efficiency of 5.32%at 0.43 VRHE.Furthermore,with a two-step growth method of sputtering and a subsequent hydrothermal coating,continuous TiO_(2)/MoS_(20 heterojunctions on a porous CSF further promoted the photoelectrochemical performances due to their optimized bandgap alignments.Enlarged surface area,enhanced charge transfer,and utilization of visible light enable a highly efficient MoS_(2)/TiO_(2)/CSF photoanode with a photocurrent density of 33.81 mA/cm^(2)and an ABPE of 6.97%at 0.87 VRHE.The hydrogen generation amount of the PEC cell with MoS_(2)/TiO_(2)/CSF photoanode is 225.4μmol/L after light irradiation of 60 s.展开更多
Solid-state lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have become a potential component,as they provide a considerable safety upgrade by eliminating flammable organic solvents.Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are also a promising c...Solid-state lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have become a potential component,as they provide a considerable safety upgrade by eliminating flammable organic solvents.Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are also a promising candidate,owing to their non-toxicity,low-manufacturing cost,and comparatively soft nature that allows the development of a seamless interface with the electrodes.Polymerization-induced phase separation(PIPS)controls the connectivity of phase-separated structures and domain size,enabling the co-continuous nanostructures’formation.Researchers of a study published in Nature envisioned that outstanding mechanical and ionic properties could be realized,provided ionic conducting materials form a 3D interconnected phase inside a mechanically strong elastomer matrix via PIPS.展开更多
Fullerenes are widely applied in the field of ORR,OER,and HER due to their well-defined molecular structures,excellent electron affinity potential that can be used to regulate the electronic structures when composited...Fullerenes are widely applied in the field of ORR,OER,and HER due to their well-defined molecular structures,excellent electron affinity potential that can be used to regulate the electronic structures when composited with other materials,theπ-πintermolecular self-assembly into super crystals,and the customizable chemical modifications including heteroatom doping,metal encapsulation,and functionalization.These advantages endow fullerene with a great number of derivates and composites.Many theoretical and experimental works are reported on electrocatalysts.To better understand the study progress,herein,we give a common review of the latest research.We first introduce the theoretical calculations of fullerenes and their derivates towards ORR,OER,and HER,aiming to give understandable reaction mechanisms and electrocatalytic active sites.Then,the experimental identification of the electrocatalytic performance was summarized.The experimental section is organized based on fullerene-based composites including fullerene/carbon composites,fullerene/sulfide composites,fullerene/LDH or metal composites,and fullerene molecular and its derivates including fullerene crystals,fullertubes,as well as endohedral fullerene.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for rational designing of electrocatalysts using fullerene as a precursor or additive are summarized and highlighted.The review not only points out the recent progress in fullerene application in electrocatalysts but also gives an in-depth insight into the materials design theoretically and experimentally that helps the future study directions.展开更多
Theranostics,integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities,have emerged as advanced systems for timely cancer diagnosis and effective treatment.The development of versatile materials suitable for cancer thera...Theranostics,integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities,have emerged as advanced systems for timely cancer diagnosis and effective treatment.The development of versatile materials suitable for cancer theranostics is intensifying.Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)leverage the structural diversity and designability inherent in MOFs,alongside the robust photophysical,catalytic,and biological properties of porphyrins.These materials enhance the solubility and stability of porphyrins and facilitate their stable functionalized assemblies,conferring the potential for multimodal imaging diagnostics and precision therapeutics.In this review,we summarized the potential of porphyrin-based MOFs as cancer theranostics platforms,focusing on recent advancements in porphyrin-based MOFs,and highlighting their functionalized strategies and developments in diagnostic imaging and synergistic therapies.Finally,we proposed the challenges and prospects of these emerging materials in cancer theranostics.展开更多
The increased demand for energy due to industrialisation and a steadily growing population has placed greater strain on the development of eco-friendly energy storage devices in recent years.Current methods with high ...The increased demand for energy due to industrialisation and a steadily growing population has placed greater strain on the development of eco-friendly energy storage devices in recent years.Current methods with high efficiency are limited by high costs and waste.As a result,greater importance has been placed on the development of low-cost,lightweight,flexible,and biodegradable energy storage systems developed from paper and paper-like substrates.This study reviews recent advances in paper-based battery and supercapacitor research,with a focus on materials used to improve their electrochemical performance.Special mention is made of energy-storage configurations ranging from metal-air and metal-ion batteries to supercapacitors.Furthermore,methods of fabrication,functional materials,and efficiency are reviewed to offer prospects for future research into the field of paper-based Na-ion batteries.The review provides an updated discussion of recent research conducted in the field of paper-based energy systems published over the last five years and highlights the challenges for their commercial integration prospects.展开更多
Procalcitonin(PCT)is a promising biomarker for identification of the origin and severity of sepsis,which is a deadly body infection.However,traditional diagnostic tools exhibited challenges in complicated instruments,...Procalcitonin(PCT)is a promising biomarker for identification of the origin and severity of sepsis,which is a deadly body infection.However,traditional diagnostic tools exhibited challenges in complicated instruments,sensitivity and time consuming.Herein,we created a highly sensitive and selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)platform for PCT monitoring based on flower-like Bi2WO6-graphene(Bi2WO6-GO),which was created as a chemical mechanism(CM)-based SERS substrate with high stability as well as a remarkable enhancement factor(EF)value of 2.07×10^(8).The high EF value was primarily attributed to the efficient charge transfer(CT)between Bi_(2)WO_(6)-GO and 4-(2-(3-(dicyanomethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-en)vinyl)phenyl)boronic acid(BP)as a Raman reporter.The BP molecule was designed to play double key roles as a Raman reporter as well as a recognition probe.Owing to the specially designed BP molecule recognition of PCT and the high SERS effects of BP on Bi_(2)WO_(6)-GO,the developed SERS platform was employed for ultrasensitive and selective PCT quantification with a limit of detection down to 0.31 pg/mL in less than 8 min.The developed platform was also successfully utilized for early monitoring in sepsis rats,demonstrating practical potential for pathogene screening.展开更多
We present a fluorescent microscopic method using an ultra-pH-sensitive polymeric probe to rapidly map within subsecond the pH distribution resulting from oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysed by an array of plat...We present a fluorescent microscopic method using an ultra-pH-sensitive polymeric probe to rapidly map within subsecond the pH distribution resulting from oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysed by an array of platinum nanoparticles.Upon voltammetry of the surface-supported Pt catalysts,fluorescent quenching waves are observed to depend on the electrode potential.The spatiotemporal fluorescent evolution is then confirmed under a constant potential control to be due to the local pH change as a function of diffusing time by an estimation of the proton diffusion coefficientðLαt 1=2Þ.On these bases,the fluorescent measurements at short reaction times can provide quantitative information regarding the one and two dimensional pH distributions,which are shown to exhibit the expected shape of a typical diffusion-driven concentration gradient.Such imaging of proton/pH profiles may find important applications such as efficient screening of different micro/nanoscale electrocatalysts.展开更多
The Nigella Sativa seeds were utilized for the environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs),as evident by the observation of a white precipitate.Numerous analytical techniques,such as XRD,FTIR,UV–vis,SEM,an...The Nigella Sativa seeds were utilized for the environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs),as evident by the observation of a white precipitate.Numerous analytical techniques,such as XRD,FTIR,UV–vis,SEM,and EDX,were utilized to describe the specimen's structural,optical,and electrical properties.XRD analysis was used to confirm that the ZnO NPs were crystalline.An absorbance peak at 401 nm was observed in the UV–vis,indicating that the ZnO NPs have a 2.91 eV bandgap.Functional groups are present in ZnO NPs,as seen by the FTIR graph.The nanoparticles'spherical form and average size of 37.9 nm were confirmed by the SEM image.EDX analysis confirmed the composition of the nanoparticles,with zinc accounting for 73.17%and oxygen for 26.83%.ZnO NPs demonstrated excellent electrical conductivity because of their higher surface-to-volume ratio.Additionally,the synthesis of ZnO NPs exhibited effective degradation of methylene blue dye.These results point to potential applications in several domains,including electronics,biomedical devices,industry,and agriculture,and they call for immediate follow-up research.展开更多
The high energy consumption and production of undesired oxygen greatly restrict the wide adoption of water electrolysis for hydrogen production.In a paper recently published in Nature Catalysis,Wang and coworkers rati...The high energy consumption and production of undesired oxygen greatly restrict the wide adoption of water electrolysis for hydrogen production.In a paper recently published in Nature Catalysis,Wang and coworkers rationally introduce aldehydes for oxidation at anode to replace oxygen evolution reaction,which can produce hydrogen and value-added products at low potential,realizing efficient bipolar hydrogen production with highpurity.Moreover,these aldehydes are biomass-derived and contribute to sustainable hydrogen production.展开更多
Ratiometric DNA biosensors,which utilize DNA as the recognition element and integrate dual signals from diverse sensing platforms including fluorescence,electrochemistry,and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS),hav...Ratiometric DNA biosensors,which utilize DNA as the recognition element and integrate dual signals from diverse sensing platforms including fluorescence,electrochemistry,and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS),have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in detecting a wide range of targets.In this review,we showcase the significant progress achieved by ratiometric biosensors.Firstly,ratiometric biosensors have made notable advancements in analyzing real samples.These include the analysis of pH values near cancer cells,quantification of miRNA in human cell lysates,detection of human telomerase RNA in cell extracts,and performing DNA logicgated in situ bioimaging on cell membranes.Secondly,excellent sensitivity has been attained through the utilization of effective amplification methods such as RCA,HCR,and CHA,among others.Thirdly,the construction of stable reference signals has resulted in significantly improved precision for ratiometric biosensors.This breakthrough has overcome matrix effects,enabling reliable detection in real samples with high selectivity.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in strategies employed by ratiometric DNA biosensors.We present three types of biosensors based on distinct sensing platforms:fluorescent,electrochemical,and SERS biosensors.Additionally,we discuss future directions and primary challenges in the development of ratiometric DNA biosensors.展开更多
Drug abuse has proliferated at an unprecedented rate worldwide,posing significant public health challenges that directly impact society,criminality,and the economy.This review presents the application of nanomaterials...Drug abuse has proliferated at an unprecedented rate worldwide,posing significant public health challenges that directly impact society,criminality,and the economy.This review presents the application of nanomaterials for qualitative and quantitative electrocatalytic analysis of drugs of abuse,mostly opioids(such as heroin(HER),morphine(MOR),codeine(COD),fentanyl(FEN),and tramadol(TR)),and addictive stimulants(such as cocaine(COC)and methamphetamine(MAM))via direct oxidation.Electroanalytical techniques have attracted attention for generating point-of-use sensors because of their low cost,portability,ease of use,and the possibility of miniaturization.Electroanalytical-based devices can assist first responders with tools to identify unknown powders and to treat victims of drug abuse.Based on the drug therapeutic and usage purposes,research advances in drug electroanalysis can be classified and discussed with special emphasis on the electrochemical reaction mechanism of the drug.Therefore,this review discusses sensor enhancement based on the electrocatalytic properties introduced by various strategies,such as surface nanostructuring,the use of conducting polymers,and anodization of electrode surfaces Finally,a critical outlook is presented with recommendations and prospects for future development.展开更多
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)represent a promising technology to overcome the current energy and environmental issues,where high-performance cathodic catalysts are badly needed due to the sluggish kineti...Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)represent a promising technology to overcome the current energy and environmental issues,where high-performance cathodic catalysts are badly needed due to the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).By far Pt stands for the best ORR catalyst,however,considering the scarcity and high cost,it is imperative to further improve its catalytic activity and atomic efficiency to reduce the loading amount.In view of the key issues,this review concentrates on recent advances on developing high-performance Pt-based nanocatalysts for ORR.The catalytic ORR mechanism was first described,followed by presenting the major principles to regulate ORR activity involving ligand effect and geometric effect.Guided by the principles,typical design strategies of Pt-based nanocatalysts were detailedly summarized,with emphasis on increasing intrinsic activity of single active site and electrochemical active surface area.We finally concluded by providing the remaining challenges and future directions in this field.展开更多
Spherical nucleic acids(SNAs)are a 3D spherical nanostructure composed of highly oriented,dense layers of oligonucleotides conjugated to a hollow or solid core.This structure allows SNAs to show resistance to nuclease...Spherical nucleic acids(SNAs)are a 3D spherical nanostructure composed of highly oriented,dense layers of oligonucleotides conjugated to a hollow or solid core.This structure allows SNAs to show resistance to nuclease degradation,enter into nearly all cells without transfection agents and enable precise interactions with target molecules.Based on superior biological properties,SNAs can be tailored for diverse biological applications,rendering them a flexible and biosafe tool for biological applications as well as an enabling platform for therapy.In this review,we mainly discuss the structure and conjugation mode of SNAs and focus on recent advances in their applications,such as biomedical detection,imaging,and drug delivery.Finally,the remaining challenges and future directions of SNAs are also discussed and proposed.展开更多
DNA nanostructures have emerged as promising carriers for drug delivery.However,challenges such as low stability,poor cellular uptake efficiency,and vulnerability to lysosomal degradation still hinder their therapeuti...DNA nanostructures have emerged as promising carriers for drug delivery.However,challenges such as low stability,poor cellular uptake efficiency,and vulnerability to lysosomal degradation still hinder their therapeutic potential.In this study,we demonstrate the coating of tetrahedral DNA frameworks(TDF)with the endosomolytic peptide L17E through electrostatic interactions to address these issues.Our findings highlight that L17E coating substantially enhances the stability of TDFs and improves their uptake efficiency into RAW264.7 cells through endocytosis and macropinocytosis.Moreover,L17E coating enables efficient endosomal release of TDFs.Finally,we employed L17E-coated TDF to deliver osteogenic growth peptide and demonstrated its potential applications in inhibiting periodontitis both in vitro and in vivo.This straightforward and cost-effective strategy holds promise for advancing the biomedical applications of DNA nanostructures.展开更多
The levels of dopamine(DA)in living organisms have strong effects on many biological processes and diseases,such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Therefore,it has great significance for sensitive...The levels of dopamine(DA)in living organisms have strong effects on many biological processes and diseases,such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Therefore,it has great significance for sensitive and selective detection of DA.Herein,the AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles-based electrochemical(EC)sensor(AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE)is developed for chronoamperometric detection of DA with high sensitivity and good anti-interference ability through simple immobilization of AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles on glassy carbon electrode(GCE)by Nafion.Under the application of oxidation potential,the AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE exhibits good electrocatalytic activity toward DA,which enables to linearly detect DA in the range of 10 nM–831.61μM(R^(2)=0.9983).The AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE also shows good selectivity and reproducibility for the detection of DA.Furthermore,the practicability of AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE has been demonstrated by detection of DA in dopamine hydrochloride injection and human serum.展开更多
The development of advanced and efficient anode catalysts to accelerate the kinetic rate of methanol oxidation plays an important role in the large-scale commercial application of the direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs)...The development of advanced and efficient anode catalysts to accelerate the kinetic rate of methanol oxidation plays an important role in the large-scale commercial application of the direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs).Herein,we report the design and construction of small-sized rhodium nanocrystals decorated on 3D hybrid aerogels built from graphene and metal-organic framework(Rh/G-ZIF)via a solvothermal co-assembly method.Benefiting from the 3D rigid crosslinked architecture,abundant porous channels,and highly dispersed ultrafine Rh nanoparticles,the optimized Rh/G-ZIF aerogel exhibits a large electrochemically active surface area,high mass and specific activities,and excellent long-term durability toward the methanol electrooxidation,all of which are significantly superior to those of Rh catalysts supported by traditional carbon materials(such as carbon black,carbon nanotube,and graphene).展开更多
A conductive polymer-supported electrocatalyst in the form of fibrous mat has been developed that can be employed as a polymer-based electrode for direct ethanol fuel cells(DEFCs)with promoting effects to the state-of...A conductive polymer-supported electrocatalyst in the form of fibrous mat has been developed that can be employed as a polymer-based electrode for direct ethanol fuel cells(DEFCs)with promoting effects to the state-ofthe art Pd based catalysts.A series of conductive polyaniline(PANI)-containing polymer fibres-supported Pd electrocatalytic electrodes were successfully prepared and tested for the ethanol electro-oxidation reaction(EOR)in alkaline medium.The polymer support was a robust fibrous mat,where the fibres possessed a core-shell configuration.The core part was produced via electrospinning using a mixture of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride[BMIm]Cl ionic liquid(IL).The shell was a PANI layer deposited via the chemical polymerisation of aniline monomer.Pd was then electrodeposited on the fibres and the catalysts were tested for the EOR via cyclic voltammetry(CV)in a half-cell configuration and in a temperature range between 25 and 60C.The activity of the catalysts tested was measured in terms of activation energy and forward peak current density in the CV and compared to that of glassy carbon(GC)-supported Pd/PANI/PAN/IL fibrous catalysts.The polymer fibre-catalyst samples showed a higher active surface area and significantly lower activation energy than the GC-based ones.Even though the GC-supported catalysts showed a higher activity in terms of current,the Pd/(PAN/IL)-core/PANI-shell fibrous mats were active as well and,in some cases,demonstrated a promoting effect of PANI on Pd for EOR and a much better stability and robustness compared to the former.Furthermore,a series of promoting metals were investigated for these mats,such as Ag,Bi and Cu,with Ag and Bi demonstrating promoting effects compared to monometallic Pd/(PAN/IL)-core/PANI-shell mats in terms of both activation energy and peak current density.This work demonstrates a promising strategy in the arena of development of polymeric mats as anode electrodes for DEFCs,exploiting the benefits of PANI in terms of ease of synthesis,catalyst poisoning prevention,cost and promoting effects.展开更多
Metal/carbon nanocomposites have shown great potential as high-performance,low-cost electrocatalysts owing largely to their unique metal-support interactions.These nanocomposites are typically prepared by conventional...Metal/carbon nanocomposites have shown great potential as high-performance,low-cost electrocatalysts owing largely to their unique metal-support interactions.These nanocomposites are typically prepared by conventional pyrolysis that is tedious and energy-intensive.Herein,we report the ultrafast preparation of cobalt/carbon nanocomposites by magnetic induction heating(MIH)of metal organic frameworks within seconds under an inert atmosphere.The resulting samples consist of cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated within defective carbon shells,and effectively catalyze oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline media.Among the series,the sample prepared at 400 A for 10 s exhibits the best OER performance,needing a low overpotential of+308 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm^(−2),along with excellent stability,and even outperforms commercial RuO_(2) at high overpotentials.This is ascribed to the charge transfer between the carbon scaffold and metal nanoparticles.Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements show that the electrochemically produced CoOOH species is responsible for the high electrocatalytic performance.The results highlight the unique potential of MIH in the development of effective nanocomposite catalysts for electrochemical energy technologies.展开更多
文摘MXenes,a two-dimensional transition metal carbide,nitride,and carbonitride family,have received a lot of interest in recent years due to their unique properties and diverse applications.This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the applications and electrochemical characteristics of MXenes,providing a nuanced viewpoint on their potential impact in variousfields.MXenes have a large surface area,high electrical conductivity,and variable surface chemistry,making them appealing candidates for energy storage,catalysis,sensing,and electronic device applications.The electrochemical characteristics of MXenes are fully investigated,including charge storage capacity and ion diffusion kinetics,highlighting their usefulness for supercapacitors,lithium-ion batteries,and other energy storage devices.Furthermore,this study digs into the interactions of MXenes with various electrolytes,offering insight into the obstacles and potential related to their practical application.The review also discusses the strategies employed to modify MXene properties and enhance their performance in surface chemistries across various energy storage devices and bio/sensor and clarify the correlations between their electrochemical properties and the required functions.Ultimately,this work provides a comprehensive outlook on the current state of MXene research,emphasizing the potentially transformative role of these materials in advancing technology across various domains.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42275152,32072305,22076042)Special Project for Hubei Local Science and Technology Development Guided by the Central Government(No.2019ZYYD004)+1 种基金Open Project Funding of the State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering,Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project(2022020801020331)Foundation for Creative Research Groups of Hubei Province of China(No.2011CDA111).
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs)as a well-known kind of cancer marker are closely associated with the formation and metastasis of tumors.Here,a novel tetraphenylethylene(TPE)-doped covalent organic frameworks(TPE-COFs)with strong aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence(AIECL)response was synthesized and introduced to construct an ultrasensitive biosensor for the detection of miRNA-21.The strong aggregation-induced emission(AIE)response was obtained because the molecular motion of TPE was restricted by COFs which had the porosity and highly ordered topological structure.Meanwhile,the porous structure of COFs allowed TPE to react with electrochemiluminescence(ECL)coreactants more effectively.Furthermore,COFs significantly improved the electron transport efficiency of the entire ECL system.All of these endowed the TPE-COFs with superior AIECL performance.Then,a TPE-COFs based ECL resonance energy transfer(ECL-RET)system was constructed for ultrasensitive miRNA-21 biosensing with differential signal readout.The proposed assays exhibited excellent sensitivity with a wide dynamic range from 10 aM to 1 pM and a low detection limit of 2.18 aM.Therefore,these indicated that doping TPE in COFs was a creative way to develop functional COFs and provided an effective way for enhancing AIECL.Furthermore,this work boarded the application of AIECL in analytical chemistry.
基金supported by the KIST Institution Program(2E32634,2E33323,2E32942)Brain Pool program funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT through the NRF(2020H1D3A1A04080324)Cooperation foundation creation project through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(RS-2023-00239634).
文摘A solar-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)cell is emerging as one of the promising clean hydrogen generation systems.Engineering of semiconductor heterojunctions and surface morphologies of photoelectrodes in a PEC cell has been a primitive approach to boost its performance.This study presents that a molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))nanoflakes photoanode on 3-dimensional(3D)porous carbon spun fabric(CSF)as a substrate effectively enhances hydrogen generations due to sufficiently enlarged surface area.MoS_(2)is grown on CSFs utilizing a hydrothermal method.Among three different MoS_(2)coating morphologies depending on the amount of MoS_(2)precursor and hydrothermal growth time,film shape MoS_(2)on CSFs had the largest surface area,exhibiting the highest photocurrent density of 26.48 mA/cm^(2)and the highest applied bias photon-to-current efficiency(ABPE)efficiency of 5.32%at 0.43 VRHE.Furthermore,with a two-step growth method of sputtering and a subsequent hydrothermal coating,continuous TiO_(2)/MoS_(20 heterojunctions on a porous CSF further promoted the photoelectrochemical performances due to their optimized bandgap alignments.Enlarged surface area,enhanced charge transfer,and utilization of visible light enable a highly efficient MoS_(2)/TiO_(2)/CSF photoanode with a photocurrent density of 33.81 mA/cm^(2)and an ABPE of 6.97%at 0.87 VRHE.The hydrogen generation amount of the PEC cell with MoS_(2)/TiO_(2)/CSF photoanode is 225.4μmol/L after light irradiation of 60 s.
文摘Solid-state lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have become a potential component,as they provide a considerable safety upgrade by eliminating flammable organic solvents.Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are also a promising candidate,owing to their non-toxicity,low-manufacturing cost,and comparatively soft nature that allows the development of a seamless interface with the electrodes.Polymerization-induced phase separation(PIPS)controls the connectivity of phase-separated structures and domain size,enabling the co-continuous nanostructures’formation.Researchers of a study published in Nature envisioned that outstanding mechanical and ionic properties could be realized,provided ionic conducting materials form a 3D interconnected phase inside a mechanically strong elastomer matrix via PIPS.
基金National Science Foundation(CMMI-1851674,CBET-1949840)ACS PRF(65481-ND10).A.Y.acknowledges financial support from the Preeminent Postdoctoral Program(P3)at UCF.
文摘Fullerenes are widely applied in the field of ORR,OER,and HER due to their well-defined molecular structures,excellent electron affinity potential that can be used to regulate the electronic structures when composited with other materials,theπ-πintermolecular self-assembly into super crystals,and the customizable chemical modifications including heteroatom doping,metal encapsulation,and functionalization.These advantages endow fullerene with a great number of derivates and composites.Many theoretical and experimental works are reported on electrocatalysts.To better understand the study progress,herein,we give a common review of the latest research.We first introduce the theoretical calculations of fullerenes and their derivates towards ORR,OER,and HER,aiming to give understandable reaction mechanisms and electrocatalytic active sites.Then,the experimental identification of the electrocatalytic performance was summarized.The experimental section is organized based on fullerene-based composites including fullerene/carbon composites,fullerene/sulfide composites,fullerene/LDH or metal composites,and fullerene molecular and its derivates including fullerene crystals,fullertubes,as well as endohedral fullerene.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for rational designing of electrocatalysts using fullerene as a precursor or additive are summarized and highlighted.The review not only points out the recent progress in fullerene application in electrocatalysts but also gives an in-depth insight into the materials design theoretically and experimentally that helps the future study directions.
基金financially supported by Startup Foundation for Advanced Talents of Qingdao University(DC2400001387)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22074157)+3 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1103403)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M673541)Startup Foundation for Advanced Talents of Qingdao University(DC2100004477)State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles of Qingdao University(RZ2200002491).
文摘Theranostics,integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities,have emerged as advanced systems for timely cancer diagnosis and effective treatment.The development of versatile materials suitable for cancer theranostics is intensifying.Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)leverage the structural diversity and designability inherent in MOFs,alongside the robust photophysical,catalytic,and biological properties of porphyrins.These materials enhance the solubility and stability of porphyrins and facilitate their stable functionalized assemblies,conferring the potential for multimodal imaging diagnostics and precision therapeutics.In this review,we summarized the potential of porphyrin-based MOFs as cancer theranostics platforms,focusing on recent advancements in porphyrin-based MOFs,and highlighting their functionalized strategies and developments in diagnostic imaging and synergistic therapies.Finally,we proposed the challenges and prospects of these emerging materials in cancer theranostics.
基金financial support from the National Research foundation(NRF).
文摘The increased demand for energy due to industrialisation and a steadily growing population has placed greater strain on the development of eco-friendly energy storage devices in recent years.Current methods with high efficiency are limited by high costs and waste.As a result,greater importance has been placed on the development of low-cost,lightweight,flexible,and biodegradable energy storage systems developed from paper and paper-like substrates.This study reviews recent advances in paper-based battery and supercapacitor research,with a focus on materials used to improve their electrochemical performance.Special mention is made of energy-storage configurations ranging from metal-air and metal-ion batteries to supercapacitors.Furthermore,methods of fabrication,functional materials,and efficiency are reviewed to offer prospects for future research into the field of paper-based Na-ion batteries.The review provides an updated discussion of recent research conducted in the field of paper-based energy systems published over the last five years and highlights the challenges for their commercial integration prospects.
基金the financial support from NSFC(21827814 for Y.Tian,21974049 and 22222405 for T.Zheng)supported by Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(201701070005E00020)+1 种基金Shanghai Rising-star Program(20QA1403300)Research Funds of Happiness Flower ECNU(2020JK2103).
文摘Procalcitonin(PCT)is a promising biomarker for identification of the origin and severity of sepsis,which is a deadly body infection.However,traditional diagnostic tools exhibited challenges in complicated instruments,sensitivity and time consuming.Herein,we created a highly sensitive and selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)platform for PCT monitoring based on flower-like Bi2WO6-graphene(Bi2WO6-GO),which was created as a chemical mechanism(CM)-based SERS substrate with high stability as well as a remarkable enhancement factor(EF)value of 2.07×10^(8).The high EF value was primarily attributed to the efficient charge transfer(CT)between Bi_(2)WO_(6)-GO and 4-(2-(3-(dicyanomethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-en)vinyl)phenyl)boronic acid(BP)as a Raman reporter.The BP molecule was designed to play double key roles as a Raman reporter as well as a recognition probe.Owing to the specially designed BP molecule recognition of PCT and the high SERS effects of BP on Bi_(2)WO_(6)-GO,the developed SERS platform was employed for ultrasensitive and selective PCT quantification with a limit of detection down to 0.31 pg/mL in less than 8 min.The developed platform was also successfully utilized for early monitoring in sepsis rats,demonstrating practical potential for pathogene screening.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(21925403 and 21874070).
文摘We present a fluorescent microscopic method using an ultra-pH-sensitive polymeric probe to rapidly map within subsecond the pH distribution resulting from oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysed by an array of platinum nanoparticles.Upon voltammetry of the surface-supported Pt catalysts,fluorescent quenching waves are observed to depend on the electrode potential.The spatiotemporal fluorescent evolution is then confirmed under a constant potential control to be due to the local pH change as a function of diffusing time by an estimation of the proton diffusion coefficientðLαt 1=2Þ.On these bases,the fluorescent measurements at short reaction times can provide quantitative information regarding the one and two dimensional pH distributions,which are shown to exhibit the expected shape of a typical diffusion-driven concentration gradient.Such imaging of proton/pH profiles may find important applications such as efficient screening of different micro/nanoscale electrocatalysts.
文摘The Nigella Sativa seeds were utilized for the environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs),as evident by the observation of a white precipitate.Numerous analytical techniques,such as XRD,FTIR,UV–vis,SEM,and EDX,were utilized to describe the specimen's structural,optical,and electrical properties.XRD analysis was used to confirm that the ZnO NPs were crystalline.An absorbance peak at 401 nm was observed in the UV–vis,indicating that the ZnO NPs have a 2.91 eV bandgap.Functional groups are present in ZnO NPs,as seen by the FTIR graph.The nanoparticles'spherical form and average size of 37.9 nm were confirmed by the SEM image.EDX analysis confirmed the composition of the nanoparticles,with zinc accounting for 73.17%and oxygen for 26.83%.ZnO NPs demonstrated excellent electrical conductivity because of their higher surface-to-volume ratio.Additionally,the synthesis of ZnO NPs exhibited effective degradation of methylene blue dye.These results point to potential applications in several domains,including electronics,biomedical devices,industry,and agriculture,and they call for immediate follow-up research.
基金supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.52025133)Youth Innovation Promotion Association(No.202055)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22105007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670018).
文摘The high energy consumption and production of undesired oxygen greatly restrict the wide adoption of water electrolysis for hydrogen production.In a paper recently published in Nature Catalysis,Wang and coworkers rationally introduce aldehydes for oxidation at anode to replace oxygen evolution reaction,which can produce hydrogen and value-added products at low potential,realizing efficient bipolar hydrogen production with highpurity.Moreover,these aldehydes are biomass-derived and contribute to sustainable hydrogen production.
基金financially supported by:The National Quality Infrastructure Program of China(2021YFF0600705 NQI)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22074093).
文摘Ratiometric DNA biosensors,which utilize DNA as the recognition element and integrate dual signals from diverse sensing platforms including fluorescence,electrochemistry,and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS),have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in detecting a wide range of targets.In this review,we showcase the significant progress achieved by ratiometric biosensors.Firstly,ratiometric biosensors have made notable advancements in analyzing real samples.These include the analysis of pH values near cancer cells,quantification of miRNA in human cell lysates,detection of human telomerase RNA in cell extracts,and performing DNA logicgated in situ bioimaging on cell membranes.Secondly,excellent sensitivity has been attained through the utilization of effective amplification methods such as RCA,HCR,and CHA,among others.Thirdly,the construction of stable reference signals has resulted in significantly improved precision for ratiometric biosensors.This breakthrough has overcome matrix effects,enabling reliable detection in real samples with high selectivity.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in strategies employed by ratiometric DNA biosensors.We present three types of biosensors based on distinct sensing platforms:fluorescent,electrochemical,and SERS biosensors.Additionally,we discuss future directions and primary challenges in the development of ratiometric DNA biosensors.
基金NRF(South Africa)/FWO(Belgium)Joint Science and Technology Research Collaboration for the Project“Electrochemistry,nanostructured electrocatalysts for tackling substance abuse,and DSI-NRF-Wits SARChI Chair in Materials Electrochemistry and Energy Technologies”(MEET,UID#132739)National Metrology Institute of South Africa(NMISA).The views expressed here are of the authors and not of any of the organizations mentioned in this acknowledgment.
文摘Drug abuse has proliferated at an unprecedented rate worldwide,posing significant public health challenges that directly impact society,criminality,and the economy.This review presents the application of nanomaterials for qualitative and quantitative electrocatalytic analysis of drugs of abuse,mostly opioids(such as heroin(HER),morphine(MOR),codeine(COD),fentanyl(FEN),and tramadol(TR)),and addictive stimulants(such as cocaine(COC)and methamphetamine(MAM))via direct oxidation.Electroanalytical techniques have attracted attention for generating point-of-use sensors because of their low cost,portability,ease of use,and the possibility of miniaturization.Electroanalytical-based devices can assist first responders with tools to identify unknown powders and to treat victims of drug abuse.Based on the drug therapeutic and usage purposes,research advances in drug electroanalysis can be classified and discussed with special emphasis on the electrochemical reaction mechanism of the drug.Therefore,this review discusses sensor enhancement based on the electrocatalytic properties introduced by various strategies,such as surface nanostructuring,the use of conducting polymers,and anodization of electrode surfaces Finally,a critical outlook is presented with recommendations and prospects for future development.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1502000)NSFC(No.U2032149 and 22102052)+1 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2021RC3065 and 2021RC2053)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2020JJ2001).
文摘Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)represent a promising technology to overcome the current energy and environmental issues,where high-performance cathodic catalysts are badly needed due to the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).By far Pt stands for the best ORR catalyst,however,considering the scarcity and high cost,it is imperative to further improve its catalytic activity and atomic efficiency to reduce the loading amount.In view of the key issues,this review concentrates on recent advances on developing high-performance Pt-based nanocatalysts for ORR.The catalytic ORR mechanism was first described,followed by presenting the major principles to regulate ORR activity involving ligand effect and geometric effect.Guided by the principles,typical design strategies of Pt-based nanocatalysts were detailedly summarized,with emphasis on increasing intrinsic activity of single active site and electrochemical active surface area.We finally concluded by providing the remaining challenges and future directions in this field.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA0915200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12305400,12105352)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(22ZR1470600)the Xiangfu Lab Research Project(XF012022E0100).
文摘Spherical nucleic acids(SNAs)are a 3D spherical nanostructure composed of highly oriented,dense layers of oligonucleotides conjugated to a hollow or solid core.This structure allows SNAs to show resistance to nuclease degradation,enter into nearly all cells without transfection agents and enable precise interactions with target molecules.Based on superior biological properties,SNAs can be tailored for diverse biological applications,rendering them a flexible and biosafe tool for biological applications as well as an enabling platform for therapy.In this review,we mainly discuss the structure and conjugation mode of SNAs and focus on recent advances in their applications,such as biomedical detection,imaging,and drug delivery.Finally,the remaining challenges and future directions of SNAs are also discussed and proposed.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0908900)Universities Stable Funding Key Projects(WDZC20200821104802001)+2 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomicsthe Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering of Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryGuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515110819).
文摘DNA nanostructures have emerged as promising carriers for drug delivery.However,challenges such as low stability,poor cellular uptake efficiency,and vulnerability to lysosomal degradation still hinder their therapeutic potential.In this study,we demonstrate the coating of tetrahedral DNA frameworks(TDF)with the endosomolytic peptide L17E through electrostatic interactions to address these issues.Our findings highlight that L17E coating substantially enhances the stability of TDFs and improves their uptake efficiency into RAW264.7 cells through endocytosis and macropinocytosis.Moreover,L17E coating enables efficient endosomal release of TDFs.Finally,we employed L17E-coated TDF to deliver osteogenic growth peptide and demonstrated its potential applications in inhibiting periodontitis both in vitro and in vivo.This straightforward and cost-effective strategy holds promise for advancing the biomedical applications of DNA nanostructures.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.21974133).
文摘The levels of dopamine(DA)in living organisms have strong effects on many biological processes and diseases,such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Therefore,it has great significance for sensitive and selective detection of DA.Herein,the AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles-based electrochemical(EC)sensor(AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE)is developed for chronoamperometric detection of DA with high sensitivity and good anti-interference ability through simple immobilization of AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles on glassy carbon electrode(GCE)by Nafion.Under the application of oxidation potential,the AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE exhibits good electrocatalytic activity toward DA,which enables to linearly detect DA in the range of 10 nM–831.61μM(R^(2)=0.9983).The AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE also shows good selectivity and reproducibility for the detection of DA.Furthermore,the practicability of AuPd@Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs/GCE has been demonstrated by detection of DA in dopamine hydrochloride injection and human serum.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51802077)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.B220202042).
文摘The development of advanced and efficient anode catalysts to accelerate the kinetic rate of methanol oxidation plays an important role in the large-scale commercial application of the direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs).Herein,we report the design and construction of small-sized rhodium nanocrystals decorated on 3D hybrid aerogels built from graphene and metal-organic framework(Rh/G-ZIF)via a solvothermal co-assembly method.Benefiting from the 3D rigid crosslinked architecture,abundant porous channels,and highly dispersed ultrafine Rh nanoparticles,the optimized Rh/G-ZIF aerogel exhibits a large electrochemically active surface area,high mass and specific activities,and excellent long-term durability toward the methanol electrooxidation,all of which are significantly superior to those of Rh catalysts supported by traditional carbon materials(such as carbon black,carbon nanotube,and graphene).
基金supported by the EPSRC(EP/L015749/1 with a studentship award reference 1820609 to AS and WFLEP/W03784X/1)the Royal Society and the Newton Fund(NAF\R1\191294).
文摘A conductive polymer-supported electrocatalyst in the form of fibrous mat has been developed that can be employed as a polymer-based electrode for direct ethanol fuel cells(DEFCs)with promoting effects to the state-ofthe art Pd based catalysts.A series of conductive polyaniline(PANI)-containing polymer fibres-supported Pd electrocatalytic electrodes were successfully prepared and tested for the ethanol electro-oxidation reaction(EOR)in alkaline medium.The polymer support was a robust fibrous mat,where the fibres possessed a core-shell configuration.The core part was produced via electrospinning using a mixture of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride[BMIm]Cl ionic liquid(IL).The shell was a PANI layer deposited via the chemical polymerisation of aniline monomer.Pd was then electrodeposited on the fibres and the catalysts were tested for the EOR via cyclic voltammetry(CV)in a half-cell configuration and in a temperature range between 25 and 60C.The activity of the catalysts tested was measured in terms of activation energy and forward peak current density in the CV and compared to that of glassy carbon(GC)-supported Pd/PANI/PAN/IL fibrous catalysts.The polymer fibre-catalyst samples showed a higher active surface area and significantly lower activation energy than the GC-based ones.Even though the GC-supported catalysts showed a higher activity in terms of current,the Pd/(PAN/IL)-core/PANI-shell fibrous mats were active as well and,in some cases,demonstrated a promoting effect of PANI on Pd for EOR and a much better stability and robustness compared to the former.Furthermore,a series of promoting metals were investigated for these mats,such as Ag,Bi and Cu,with Ag and Bi demonstrating promoting effects compared to monometallic Pd/(PAN/IL)-core/PANI-shell mats in terms of both activation energy and peak current density.This work demonstrates a promising strategy in the arena of development of polymeric mats as anode electrodes for DEFCs,exploiting the benefits of PANI in terms of ease of synthesis,catalyst poisoning prevention,cost and promoting effects.
基金National Science Foundation(CHE-1900235 and CHE-2003685)TEM,XPS,and Raman studies were conducted as part of a user project at the National Center for Electron Microscopy and Molecular Foundry,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,which is supported by the Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,of the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231+1 种基金XAS experiments were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource(SSRL),which is supported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No.DE-AC02-76SF00515Q.M.L.acknowledges the ECS Joseph W.Richards Summer Fellowship for funding support and the support of a Grant-in-Aid of Research(G20211001-639)from the National Academy of Sciences,administered by Sigma Xi,The Scientific Research Society.
文摘Metal/carbon nanocomposites have shown great potential as high-performance,low-cost electrocatalysts owing largely to their unique metal-support interactions.These nanocomposites are typically prepared by conventional pyrolysis that is tedious and energy-intensive.Herein,we report the ultrafast preparation of cobalt/carbon nanocomposites by magnetic induction heating(MIH)of metal organic frameworks within seconds under an inert atmosphere.The resulting samples consist of cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated within defective carbon shells,and effectively catalyze oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline media.Among the series,the sample prepared at 400 A for 10 s exhibits the best OER performance,needing a low overpotential of+308 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm^(−2),along with excellent stability,and even outperforms commercial RuO_(2) at high overpotentials.This is ascribed to the charge transfer between the carbon scaffold and metal nanoparticles.Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements show that the electrochemically produced CoOOH species is responsible for the high electrocatalytic performance.The results highlight the unique potential of MIH in the development of effective nanocomposite catalysts for electrochemical energy technologies.
