Small non-protein coding micro-RNAs are regularly exported out of cells, both in health and disease. More than ninety percent of extracellular miRNAs are associated with lower-molecular-mass complexes bound to Argonau...Small non-protein coding micro-RNAs are regularly exported out of cells, both in health and disease. More than ninety percent of extracellular miRNAs are associated with lower-molecular-mass complexes bound to Argonaute 2 (Ago2), nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), whereas the rest (~10%) are membrane-vesicle-encapsulated within exosomes, shedding microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Regardless of the debate of the nature of circulating miRNA as byproducts of routine cell activities or mediators of cell-cell communication, proper understanding of the molecular behaviors of miRNA in health and disease, is expected to open a new gate for the discovery of new diagnostic tools and possibly therapeutic implementation in the near future.展开更多
Traditional neural radiance fields for rendering novel views require intensive input images and pre-scene optimization,which limits their practical applications.We propose a generalization method to infer scenes from ...Traditional neural radiance fields for rendering novel views require intensive input images and pre-scene optimization,which limits their practical applications.We propose a generalization method to infer scenes from input images and perform high-quality rendering without pre-scene optimization named SG-NeRF(Sparse-Input Generalized Neural Radiance Fields).Firstly,we construct an improved multi-view stereo structure based on the convolutional attention and multi-level fusion mechanism to obtain the geometric features and appearance features of the scene from the sparse input images,and then these features are aggregated by multi-head attention as the input of the neural radiance fields.This strategy of utilizing neural radiance fields to decode scene features instead of mapping positions and orientations enables our method to perform cross-scene training as well as inference,thus enabling neural radiance fields to generalize for novel view synthesis on unseen scenes.We tested the generalization ability on DTU dataset,and our PSNR(peak signal-to-noise ratio)improved by 3.14 compared with the baseline method under the same input conditions.In addition,if the scene has dense input views available,the average PSNR can be improved by 1.04 through further refinement training in a short time,and a higher quality rendering effect can be obtained.展开更多
目的针对多视图立体(multi-view stereo,MVS)重建效果整体性不理想的问题,本文对MVS 3D重建中的特征提取模块和代价体正则化模块进行研究,提出一种基于注意力机制的端到端深度学习架构。方法首先从输入的源图像和参考图像中提取深度特征...目的针对多视图立体(multi-view stereo,MVS)重建效果整体性不理想的问题,本文对MVS 3D重建中的特征提取模块和代价体正则化模块进行研究,提出一种基于注意力机制的端到端深度学习架构。方法首先从输入的源图像和参考图像中提取深度特征,在每一级特征提取模块中均加入注意力层,以捕获深度推理任务的远程依赖关系;然后通过可微分单应性变换构建参考视锥的特征量,并构建代价体;最后利用多层U-Net体系结构正则化代价体,并通过回归结合参考图像边缘信息生成最终的细化深度图。结果在DTU(Technical University of Denmark)数据集上进行测试,与现有的几种方法相比,本文方法相较于Colmap、Gipuma和Tola方法,整体性指标分别提高8.5%、13.1%和31.9%,完整性指标分别提高20.7%、41.6%和73.3%;相较于Camp、Furu和Surface Net方法,整体性指标分别提高24.8%、33%和29.8%,准确性指标分别提高39.8%、17.6%和1.3%,完整性指标分别提高9.7%、48.4%和58.3%;相较于Pru Mvsnet方法,整体性指标提高1.7%,准确性指标提高5.8%;相较于Mvsnet方法,整体性指标提高1.5%,完整性标提高7%。结论在DTU数据集上的测试结果表明,本文提出的网络架构在整体性指标上得到了目前最优的结果,完整性和准确性指标得到较大提升,3D重建质量更好。展开更多
In this paper,we present a practical method for reconstructing the bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF)from multiple images of a real object composed of a homogeneous material.The key idea is that the...In this paper,we present a practical method for reconstructing the bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF)from multiple images of a real object composed of a homogeneous material.The key idea is that the BRDF can be sampled after geometry estimation using multi-view stereo(MVS)techniques.Our contribution is selection of reliable samples of lighting,surface normal,and viewing directions for robustness against estimation errors of MVS.Our method is quantitatively evaluated using synthesized images and its effectiveness is shown via real-world experiments.展开更多
Overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapies remains challenging,and the tumor microenvironment plays an important part in it.Microvesicles(MVs)are functional natural carriers of cellular information,participate in ...Overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapies remains challenging,and the tumor microenvironment plays an important part in it.Microvesicles(MVs)are functional natural carriers of cellular information,participate in intercellular communication,and dynamically regulate the tumor microenvironment.They contribute to drug resistance by transferring functional molecules between cells.Conversely,due to their specific cell or tissue targeting ability,MVs are considered as carriers for therapeutic molecules to reverse drug resistance.Thus,in this mini-review,we aim to highlight the crucial role of MVs in cell-to-cell communication and therefore their diverse impact mainly on liver cancer progression and treatment.In addition,we summarize the possible mechanisms for sorafenib resistance(one of the main hurdles in hepatocellular carcinoma treatments)and recent advances in using MVs to reverse sorafenib resistance in liver cancer therapies.Identifying the functional role of MVs in cancer therapy might provide a new aspect for developing precise novel therapeutics in the future.展开更多
文摘Small non-protein coding micro-RNAs are regularly exported out of cells, both in health and disease. More than ninety percent of extracellular miRNAs are associated with lower-molecular-mass complexes bound to Argonaute 2 (Ago2), nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), whereas the rest (~10%) are membrane-vesicle-encapsulated within exosomes, shedding microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Regardless of the debate of the nature of circulating miRNA as byproducts of routine cell activities or mediators of cell-cell communication, proper understanding of the molecular behaviors of miRNA in health and disease, is expected to open a new gate for the discovery of new diagnostic tools and possibly therapeutic implementation in the near future.
基金supported by the Zhengzhou Collaborative Innovation Major Project under Grant No.20XTZX06013the Henan Provincial Key Scientific Research Project of China under Grant No.22A520042。
文摘Traditional neural radiance fields for rendering novel views require intensive input images and pre-scene optimization,which limits their practical applications.We propose a generalization method to infer scenes from input images and perform high-quality rendering without pre-scene optimization named SG-NeRF(Sparse-Input Generalized Neural Radiance Fields).Firstly,we construct an improved multi-view stereo structure based on the convolutional attention and multi-level fusion mechanism to obtain the geometric features and appearance features of the scene from the sparse input images,and then these features are aggregated by multi-head attention as the input of the neural radiance fields.This strategy of utilizing neural radiance fields to decode scene features instead of mapping positions and orientations enables our method to perform cross-scene training as well as inference,thus enabling neural radiance fields to generalize for novel view synthesis on unseen scenes.We tested the generalization ability on DTU dataset,and our PSNR(peak signal-to-noise ratio)improved by 3.14 compared with the baseline method under the same input conditions.In addition,if the scene has dense input views available,the average PSNR can be improved by 1.04 through further refinement training in a short time,and a higher quality rendering effect can be obtained.
文摘目的针对多视图立体(multi-view stereo,MVS)重建效果整体性不理想的问题,本文对MVS 3D重建中的特征提取模块和代价体正则化模块进行研究,提出一种基于注意力机制的端到端深度学习架构。方法首先从输入的源图像和参考图像中提取深度特征,在每一级特征提取模块中均加入注意力层,以捕获深度推理任务的远程依赖关系;然后通过可微分单应性变换构建参考视锥的特征量,并构建代价体;最后利用多层U-Net体系结构正则化代价体,并通过回归结合参考图像边缘信息生成最终的细化深度图。结果在DTU(Technical University of Denmark)数据集上进行测试,与现有的几种方法相比,本文方法相较于Colmap、Gipuma和Tola方法,整体性指标分别提高8.5%、13.1%和31.9%,完整性指标分别提高20.7%、41.6%和73.3%;相较于Camp、Furu和Surface Net方法,整体性指标分别提高24.8%、33%和29.8%,准确性指标分别提高39.8%、17.6%和1.3%,完整性指标分别提高9.7%、48.4%和58.3%;相较于Pru Mvsnet方法,整体性指标提高1.7%,准确性指标提高5.8%;相较于Mvsnet方法,整体性指标提高1.5%,完整性标提高7%。结论在DTU数据集上的测试结果表明,本文提出的网络架构在整体性指标上得到了目前最优的结果,完整性和准确性指标得到较大提升,3D重建质量更好。
基金partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI JP15K16027,JP26700013,JP15H05918,JP19H04138,JST CREST JP179423the Foundation for Nara Institute of Science and Technology.
文摘In this paper,we present a practical method for reconstructing the bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF)from multiple images of a real object composed of a homogeneous material.The key idea is that the BRDF can be sampled after geometry estimation using multi-view stereo(MVS)techniques.Our contribution is selection of reliable samples of lighting,surface normal,and viewing directions for robustness against estimation errors of MVS.Our method is quantitatively evaluated using synthesized images and its effectiveness is shown via real-world experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81671807)the Key Research&Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2020777)+3 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242018K3DN05)to Z.D.X.Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242021K10004)to B.S.the Jiangsu Postdoctoral Research Foundation(1601001C)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242016R20017)to J.A.D.
文摘Overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapies remains challenging,and the tumor microenvironment plays an important part in it.Microvesicles(MVs)are functional natural carriers of cellular information,participate in intercellular communication,and dynamically regulate the tumor microenvironment.They contribute to drug resistance by transferring functional molecules between cells.Conversely,due to their specific cell or tissue targeting ability,MVs are considered as carriers for therapeutic molecules to reverse drug resistance.Thus,in this mini-review,we aim to highlight the crucial role of MVs in cell-to-cell communication and therefore their diverse impact mainly on liver cancer progression and treatment.In addition,we summarize the possible mechanisms for sorafenib resistance(one of the main hurdles in hepatocellular carcinoma treatments)and recent advances in using MVs to reverse sorafenib resistance in liver cancer therapies.Identifying the functional role of MVs in cancer therapy might provide a new aspect for developing precise novel therapeutics in the future.
