Objective This study aimed to compare 9 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids(PFSA)with carbon chain lengths(C4–C12)to inhibit human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1(3β-HSD1),aromatase,and rat 3β-HSD4 activitie...Objective This study aimed to compare 9 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids(PFSA)with carbon chain lengths(C4–C12)to inhibit human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1(3β-HSD1),aromatase,and rat 3β-HSD4 activities.Methods Human and rat placental 3β-HSDs activities were determined by converting pregnenolone to progesterone and progesterone secretion in JEG-3 cells was determined using HPLC/MS–MS,and human aromatase activity was determined by radioimmunoassay.Results PFSA inhibited human 3β-HSD1 structure-dependently in the order:perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS,half-maximum inhibitory concentration,IC50:9.03±4.83μmol/L)>perfluorodecanesulfonic acid(PFDS,42.52±8.99μmol/L)>perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid(PFHpS,112.6±29.39μmol/L)>perfluorobutanesulfonic acid(PFBS)=perfluoropentanesulfonic acid(PFPS)=perfluorohexanesulfonic acid(PFHxS)=perfluorododecanesulfonic acid(PFDoS)(ineffective at 100μmol/L).6:2FTS(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid)and 8:2FTS(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanesulfonic acid)did not inhibit human 3β-HSD1.PFOS and PFHpS are mixed inhibitors,whereas PFDS is a competitive inhibitor.Moreover,1–10μmol/L PFOS and PFDS significantly reduced progesterone biosynthesis in JEG-3 cells.Docking analysis revealed that PFSA binds to the steroid-binding site of human 3β-HSD1 in a carbon chain length-dependent manner.All 100μmol/L PFSA solutions did not affect rat 3β-HSD4 and human placental aromatase activity.Conclusion Carbon chain length determines inhibitory potency of PFSA on human placental 3β-HSD1 in a V-shaped transition at PFOS(C8),with inhibitory potency of PFOS>PFDS>PFHpS>PFBS=PFPS=PFHxS=PFDoS=6:2FTS=8:2FTS.展开更多
This scientific paper is a comparative analysis of two mathematical conjectures. The newly proposed -3(-n) - 1 Remer conjecture and how it is related to and a proof of the more well known 3n + 1 Collatz conjecture. An...This scientific paper is a comparative analysis of two mathematical conjectures. The newly proposed -3(-n) - 1 Remer conjecture and how it is related to and a proof of the more well known 3n + 1 Collatz conjecture. An overview of both conjectures and their respective iterative processes will be presented. Showcasing their unique properties and behavior to each other. Through a detailed comparison, we highlight the similarities and differences between these two conjectures and discuss their significance in the field of mathematics. And how they prove each other to be true.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor. Expression levels of the autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1 B-light chain 3(LC3) and perineural invasion(PNI) are closely ...BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor. Expression levels of the autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1 B-light chain 3(LC3) and perineural invasion(PNI) are closely related to its occurrence and development. Our previous results showed that the high expression of LC3 was positively correlated with PNI in the patients with pancreatic cancer. In this study, we further searched for differential genes involved in autophagy of pancreatic cancer by gene expression profiling and analyzed their biological functions in pancreatic cancer, which provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the pathophysiological mechanism of autophagy in pancreatic cancer and PNI.AIM To identify differentially expressed genes involved in pancreatic cancer autophagy and explore the pathogenesis at the molecular level.METHODS Two sets of gene expression profiles of pancreatic cancer/normal tissue(GSE16515 and GSE15471) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus.Significance analysis of microarrays algorithm was used to screen differentially expressed genes related to pancreatic cancer. Gene Ontology(GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis were used to analyze the functional enrichment of the differentially expressed genes. Protein interaction data containing only differentially expressed genes was downloaded from String database and screened. Module mining was carried out by Cytoscape software and ClusterOne plug-in. The interaction relationship between the modules was analyzed and the pivot nodes between the functional modules were determined according to the information of the functional modules and the data of reliable protein interaction network.RESULTS Based on the above two data sets of pancreatic tissue total gene expression, 6098 and 12928 differentially expressed genes were obtained by analysis of genes with higher phenotypic correlation. After extracting the intersection of the two differential gene sets, 4870 genes were determined. GO analysis showed that 14 significant functional items including negative regulation of protein ubiquitination were closely related to autophagy. A total of 986 differentially expressed genes were enriched in these functional items. After eliminating the autophagy related genes of human cancer cells which had been defined, 347 differentially expressed genes were obtained. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the pathways hsa04144 and hsa04020 were related to autophagy. In addition,65 clustering modules were screened after the protein interaction network was constructed based on String database, and module 32 contains the LC3 gene,which interacts with multiple autophagy-related genes. Moreover, ubiquitin C acts as a pivot node in functional modules to connect multiple modules related to pancreatic cancer and autophagy.CONCLUSION Three hundred and forty-seven genes associated with autophagy in human pancreatic cancer were concentrated, and a key gene ubiquitin C which is closely related to the occurrence of PNI was determined, suggesting that LC3 may influence the PNI and prognosis of pancreatic cancer through ubiquitin C.展开更多
In this paper, the investigation is focused on a （3＋1）-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev- Petviashvili （vcKP） equation, which can describe the realistic nonlinear phenomena in the fluid dynamics and plas...In this paper, the investigation is focused on a （3＋1）-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev- Petviashvili （vcKP） equation, which can describe the realistic nonlinear phenomena in the fluid dynamics and plasma in three spatial dimensions. In order to study the integrability property of such an equation, the Painlevé analysis is performed on it. And then, based on the truncated Painlevé expansion, the bilinear form of the （3＋1）-dimensionaJ vcKP equation is obtained under certain coefficients constraint, and its solution in the Wronskian determinant form is constructed and verified by virtue of the Wronskian technique. Besides the Wronskian determinant solution, it is shown that the （3＋1）-dimensional vcKP equation also possesses a solution in the form of the Grammian determinant.展开更多
One new polymer [Co（L）（H2O）2]n（1） was synthesized by 4-（ethoxycarbonyl）-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-1-carboxylic acid（Emtc） under the in situ solvent thermal reaction（H2L = 1-（carboxymethyl）-5-methyl-1H-1,...One new polymer [Co（L）（H2O）2]n（1） was synthesized by 4-（ethoxycarbonyl）-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-1-carboxylic acid（Emtc） under the in situ solvent thermal reaction（H2L = 1-（carboxymethyl）-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid）. The title complex performs a wave-like 2D framework and the ligand H2L demonstrates the coordination mode as μ4-η-2：η-1η-1：η-1. The crystal structure has been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and characterized by FT-IR. Fluorescent property was investigated in this work. Hirshfeld surface analysis has also been carried out on 1, and obvious main intermolecular interactions are observed.展开更多
We propose a modified spin-wave theory to study the 1/3 magnetization plateau of the antiferromagnetic Heisen- berg model on the kagome lattice. By the self-consistent inclusion of quantum corrections, the 1/3 plateau...We propose a modified spin-wave theory to study the 1/3 magnetization plateau of the antiferromagnetic Heisen- berg model on the kagome lattice. By the self-consistent inclusion of quantum corrections, the 1/3 plateau is stabilized over a broad range of magnetic fields for all spin quantum numbers S. The values of the critical mag- netic fields and the widths of the magnetization plateaus are fully consistent with the recent numerical results from exact diagonalization and infinite projected entangled paired states.展开更多
Objective:The aim of our study was to clarify the clinicopathological factors affecting the outcome of T1G3 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 62 cases of T1G3 bladder cancer treat...Objective:The aim of our study was to clarify the clinicopathological factors affecting the outcome of T1G3 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 62 cases of T1G3 bladder cancer treated with transuretheral resection of bladder toumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical instillation between 1997 and 2009.Cumulative survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method.Cox regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis.Log-rank method was used for the significance test.The statistical difference was accepted when the P value was lower than 0.05.Results:Median follow-up period was 40 months (6-140 months).Forty-one cases of intravesical recurrence (66%) were observed during follow-up.Two-and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 43.4% and 35.1%.Fourteen cases of progression (23%) were observed during the follow-up period.Two-and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 86.4% and 83.5%,respectively.Significant factors for tumor recurrence and progression were analyzed by Cox regression.Tumor multiplicity (RR=2.250),size (RR=1.039) and history of recurrence (RR=2.162) were significantly correlated with recurrence and tumor multiplicity (RR=3.695) was significantly correlated with progression on multivariate analysis.Conclusion:Tumor multiplicity,size,history of recurrence were correlated with recurrence and tumor multiplicity was significantly correlated with progression.Tumor multiplicity,size and history of recurrence should be taken into account when we make therapy strategies for T1G3 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.展开更多
目的系统评价携带细胞色素P450家族3亚家族A成员5(CYP3A5)*1对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和血药浓度/给药剂量(C/D)值的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of Science、ProQuest、中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务...目的系统评价携带细胞色素P450家族3亚家族A成员5(CYP3A5)*1对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和血药浓度/给药剂量(C/D)值的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of Science、ProQuest、中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台,纳入携带CYP3A5*1(CYP3A5*1/*1或CYP3A5*1/*3)对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度、C/D值影响的文献。评价文献质量及提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献进行Meta分析。Meta分析结果显示,在移植后第1、2、3、6、12个月时,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者的他克莫司给药剂量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中携带者的他克莫司给药剂量更大;在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、6个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司血药浓度低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05);在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司C/D值低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05)。结论在移植患儿中,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者移植后的他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和C/D值存在明显差异,其中CYP3A5*1携带者所需的他克莫司剂量更大。在给药前进行CYP3A基因多态性检测有助于预测个体所需剂量。展开更多
分别采用酸法、酸碱法来提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖,然后对其产品进行多糖成分和紫外光谱分析。结果发现,在用c(CH3COOH)=0 5mol/L的水溶液提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖时,其产品中除含有葡聚糖外,还含有一定量的甘露...分别采用酸法、酸碱法来提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖,然后对其产品进行多糖成分和紫外光谱分析。结果发现,在用c(CH3COOH)=0 5mol/L的水溶液提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖时,其产品中除含有葡聚糖外,还含有一定量的甘露聚糖和蛋白质这两种成分。但先用c(NaOH)=1 0mol/L的水溶液提取,再用w(CH3COOH)=4%的醋酸溶液处理时,产品为高纯度的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖。此结论由傅立叶红外光谱和核磁共振碳谱得到进一步的证实。接着从其水解机理上阐述了产生上述两种不同结果的原因,从而说明了酸碱法是从啤酒酵母中提取(1→3) β D 葡聚糖的理想途径。展开更多
文摘Objective This study aimed to compare 9 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids(PFSA)with carbon chain lengths(C4–C12)to inhibit human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1(3β-HSD1),aromatase,and rat 3β-HSD4 activities.Methods Human and rat placental 3β-HSDs activities were determined by converting pregnenolone to progesterone and progesterone secretion in JEG-3 cells was determined using HPLC/MS–MS,and human aromatase activity was determined by radioimmunoassay.Results PFSA inhibited human 3β-HSD1 structure-dependently in the order:perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS,half-maximum inhibitory concentration,IC50:9.03±4.83μmol/L)>perfluorodecanesulfonic acid(PFDS,42.52±8.99μmol/L)>perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid(PFHpS,112.6±29.39μmol/L)>perfluorobutanesulfonic acid(PFBS)=perfluoropentanesulfonic acid(PFPS)=perfluorohexanesulfonic acid(PFHxS)=perfluorododecanesulfonic acid(PFDoS)(ineffective at 100μmol/L).6:2FTS(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid)and 8:2FTS(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanesulfonic acid)did not inhibit human 3β-HSD1.PFOS and PFHpS are mixed inhibitors,whereas PFDS is a competitive inhibitor.Moreover,1–10μmol/L PFOS and PFDS significantly reduced progesterone biosynthesis in JEG-3 cells.Docking analysis revealed that PFSA binds to the steroid-binding site of human 3β-HSD1 in a carbon chain length-dependent manner.All 100μmol/L PFSA solutions did not affect rat 3β-HSD4 and human placental aromatase activity.Conclusion Carbon chain length determines inhibitory potency of PFSA on human placental 3β-HSD1 in a V-shaped transition at PFOS(C8),with inhibitory potency of PFOS>PFDS>PFHpS>PFBS=PFPS=PFHxS=PFDoS=6:2FTS=8:2FTS.
文摘This scientific paper is a comparative analysis of two mathematical conjectures. The newly proposed -3(-n) - 1 Remer conjecture and how it is related to and a proof of the more well known 3n + 1 Collatz conjecture. An overview of both conjectures and their respective iterative processes will be presented. Showcasing their unique properties and behavior to each other. Through a detailed comparison, we highlight the similarities and differences between these two conjectures and discuss their significance in the field of mathematics. And how they prove each other to be true.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U1504815 and No.U1504808
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor. Expression levels of the autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1 B-light chain 3(LC3) and perineural invasion(PNI) are closely related to its occurrence and development. Our previous results showed that the high expression of LC3 was positively correlated with PNI in the patients with pancreatic cancer. In this study, we further searched for differential genes involved in autophagy of pancreatic cancer by gene expression profiling and analyzed their biological functions in pancreatic cancer, which provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the pathophysiological mechanism of autophagy in pancreatic cancer and PNI.AIM To identify differentially expressed genes involved in pancreatic cancer autophagy and explore the pathogenesis at the molecular level.METHODS Two sets of gene expression profiles of pancreatic cancer/normal tissue(GSE16515 and GSE15471) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus.Significance analysis of microarrays algorithm was used to screen differentially expressed genes related to pancreatic cancer. Gene Ontology(GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis were used to analyze the functional enrichment of the differentially expressed genes. Protein interaction data containing only differentially expressed genes was downloaded from String database and screened. Module mining was carried out by Cytoscape software and ClusterOne plug-in. The interaction relationship between the modules was analyzed and the pivot nodes between the functional modules were determined according to the information of the functional modules and the data of reliable protein interaction network.RESULTS Based on the above two data sets of pancreatic tissue total gene expression, 6098 and 12928 differentially expressed genes were obtained by analysis of genes with higher phenotypic correlation. After extracting the intersection of the two differential gene sets, 4870 genes were determined. GO analysis showed that 14 significant functional items including negative regulation of protein ubiquitination were closely related to autophagy. A total of 986 differentially expressed genes were enriched in these functional items. After eliminating the autophagy related genes of human cancer cells which had been defined, 347 differentially expressed genes were obtained. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the pathways hsa04144 and hsa04020 were related to autophagy. In addition,65 clustering modules were screened after the protein interaction network was constructed based on String database, and module 32 contains the LC3 gene,which interacts with multiple autophagy-related genes. Moreover, ubiquitin C acts as a pivot node in functional modules to connect multiple modules related to pancreatic cancer and autophagy.CONCLUSION Three hundred and forty-seven genes associated with autophagy in human pancreatic cancer were concentrated, and a key gene ubiquitin C which is closely related to the occurrence of PNI was determined, suggesting that LC3 may influence the PNI and prognosis of pancreatic cancer through ubiquitin C.
基金Supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant Nos. 20060006024 and 20080013006Chinese Ministry of Education, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60772023+2 种基金by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment under Grant No. SKLSDE-07-001Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronauticsby the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2005CB321901
文摘In this paper, the investigation is focused on a （3＋1）-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev- Petviashvili （vcKP） equation, which can describe the realistic nonlinear phenomena in the fluid dynamics and plasma in three spatial dimensions. In order to study the integrability property of such an equation, the Painlevé analysis is performed on it. And then, based on the truncated Painlevé expansion, the bilinear form of the （3＋1）-dimensionaJ vcKP equation is obtained under certain coefficients constraint, and its solution in the Wronskian determinant form is constructed and verified by virtue of the Wronskian technique. Besides the Wronskian determinant solution, it is shown that the （3＋1）-dimensional vcKP equation also possesses a solution in the form of the Grammian determinant.
基金Supported by the financial support of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3207045420)Jiangsu Ainaji Neoenergy Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.(8507040091)
文摘One new polymer [Co（L）（H2O）2]n（1） was synthesized by 4-（ethoxycarbonyl）-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-1-carboxylic acid（Emtc） under the in situ solvent thermal reaction（H2L = 1-（carboxymethyl）-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid）. The title complex performs a wave-like 2D framework and the ligand H2L demonstrates the coordination mode as μ4-η-2：η-1η-1：η-1. The crystal structure has been established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and characterized by FT-IR. Fluorescent property was investigated in this work. Hirshfeld surface analysis has also been carried out on 1, and obvious main intermolecular interactions are observed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10934008,10874215 and 11174365the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2012CB921704 and 2011CB309703
文摘We propose a modified spin-wave theory to study the 1/3 magnetization plateau of the antiferromagnetic Heisen- berg model on the kagome lattice. By the self-consistent inclusion of quantum corrections, the 1/3 plateau is stabilized over a broad range of magnetic fields for all spin quantum numbers S. The values of the critical mag- netic fields and the widths of the magnetization plateaus are fully consistent with the recent numerical results from exact diagonalization and infinite projected entangled paired states.
文摘Objective:The aim of our study was to clarify the clinicopathological factors affecting the outcome of T1G3 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 62 cases of T1G3 bladder cancer treated with transuretheral resection of bladder toumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical instillation between 1997 and 2009.Cumulative survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method.Cox regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis.Log-rank method was used for the significance test.The statistical difference was accepted when the P value was lower than 0.05.Results:Median follow-up period was 40 months (6-140 months).Forty-one cases of intravesical recurrence (66%) were observed during follow-up.Two-and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 43.4% and 35.1%.Fourteen cases of progression (23%) were observed during the follow-up period.Two-and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 86.4% and 83.5%,respectively.Significant factors for tumor recurrence and progression were analyzed by Cox regression.Tumor multiplicity (RR=2.250),size (RR=1.039) and history of recurrence (RR=2.162) were significantly correlated with recurrence and tumor multiplicity (RR=3.695) was significantly correlated with progression on multivariate analysis.Conclusion:Tumor multiplicity,size,history of recurrence were correlated with recurrence and tumor multiplicity was significantly correlated with progression.Tumor multiplicity,size and history of recurrence should be taken into account when we make therapy strategies for T1G3 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
文摘目的系统评价携带细胞色素P450家族3亚家族A成员5(CYP3A5)*1对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和血药浓度/给药剂量(C/D)值的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of Science、ProQuest、中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台,纳入携带CYP3A5*1(CYP3A5*1/*1或CYP3A5*1/*3)对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度、C/D值影响的文献。评价文献质量及提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献进行Meta分析。Meta分析结果显示,在移植后第1、2、3、6、12个月时,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者的他克莫司给药剂量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中携带者的他克莫司给药剂量更大;在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、6个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司血药浓度低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05);在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司C/D值低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05)。结论在移植患儿中,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者移植后的他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和C/D值存在明显差异,其中CYP3A5*1携带者所需的他克莫司剂量更大。在给药前进行CYP3A基因多态性检测有助于预测个体所需剂量。
文摘分别采用酸法、酸碱法来提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖,然后对其产品进行多糖成分和紫外光谱分析。结果发现,在用c(CH3COOH)=0 5mol/L的水溶液提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖时,其产品中除含有葡聚糖外,还含有一定量的甘露聚糖和蛋白质这两种成分。但先用c(NaOH)=1 0mol/L的水溶液提取,再用w(CH3COOH)=4%的醋酸溶液处理时,产品为高纯度的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖。此结论由傅立叶红外光谱和核磁共振碳谱得到进一步的证实。接着从其水解机理上阐述了产生上述两种不同结果的原因,从而说明了酸碱法是从啤酒酵母中提取(1→3) β D 葡聚糖的理想途径。
