For the 22-year solar cycle oscillation there is no external time dependent source. A nonlinear oscillation, the solar cycle must be generated internally, and Babcock-Leighton models apply an artificial nonlinear sour...For the 22-year solar cycle oscillation there is no external time dependent source. A nonlinear oscillation, the solar cycle must be generated internally, and Babcock-Leighton models apply an artificial nonlinear source term that can simulate the observations—which leaves open the question of the actual source mechanism for the solar cycle. Addressing this question, we propose to take guidance from the wave mechanism that generates the 2-year Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) in the Earth atmosphere. Upward propagating gravity waves, eastward and westward, deposit momentum to generate the observed zonal wind oscillation. On the Sun, helioseismology has provided a thorough understanding of the acoustic p-waves, which propagate down into the convective envelope guided by the increasing temperature and related propagation velocity. Near the tachocline with low turbulent viscosity, the waves propagating eastward and westward can produce an axisymmetric 22-year oscillation of the zonal flow velocities that can generate the magnetic solar dynamo. Following the Earth model, waves in opposite directions can generate in the Sun wind and magnetic field oscillations in opposite directions, the proposition of a potential solar cycle mechanism.展开更多
The X ray (1-8?) flux data of the solar flares are analyzed. The data used were obtained on GOES satellite during the solar cycles 21 and 22. The total number of the flares is more than 33000. The flare distributions ...The X ray (1-8?) flux data of the solar flares are analyzed. The data used were obtained on GOES satellite during the solar cycles 21 and 22. The total number of the flares is more than 33000. The flare distributions according to their X ray classes, durations and intensities are constructed. The evolution of these distributions in solar cycle as well as from cycle to cycle is studied. The statistical analysis of the flare characteristics is made. There was confirmed the result of more frequent occurrence for powerful flares in cycle 21 decline phase.展开更多
目的探讨小干扰RNA(si RNA)沉默泛素特异性肽酶22(ubiquitin specific protease 22,USP22)对胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响和作用机制。方法合成USP22 si RNA及阴性对照si RNA(control si RNA),用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染至人胶质瘤U87和U...目的探讨小干扰RNA(si RNA)沉默泛素特异性肽酶22(ubiquitin specific protease 22,USP22)对胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响和作用机制。方法合成USP22 si RNA及阴性对照si RNA(control si RNA),用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染至人胶质瘤U87和U251细胞,分别设为实验组和阴性对照组。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blot检测两组胶质瘤细胞USP22 mRNA和蛋白表达水平的变化。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法(MTT法)检测USP22 si RNA对两组胶质瘤细胞的增殖抑制率。流式细胞术定量检测USP22 si RNA对胶质瘤细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布的影响。Western blot检测胶质瘤细胞凋亡蛋白和周期调控蛋白的表达。结果与阴性对照组比较,实验组胶质瘤细胞中USP22 mRNA和蛋白表达显著下降(P<0.05),细胞增殖明显受到抑制(P<0.05),凋亡率明显上升(P<0.05),细胞周期中G2/M期的细胞比例明显增高(P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示:细胞凋亡蛋白Procaspase-3、Procaspase-8、Procaspase-9表达明显下降(P<0.05);细胞周期蛋白CDK1、CDK2、Cyclin B1表达水平明显下降(P<0.05),Cyclin D1表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论 USP22基因在胶质瘤细胞的增殖中发挥重要作用,其机制可能为调节细胞凋亡和细胞周期。展开更多
The discovery of Loulan ancient city(LA)in the early 20th century has important significance for understanding the history of Western regions and the Silk Road civilization.The current academic community still has dis...The discovery of Loulan ancient city(LA)in the early 20th century has important significance for understanding the history of Western regions and the Silk Road civilization.The current academic community still has disputes on whether LA was the capital of Loulan Kingdom,the time of its rise,peak and decline,and the process,rate and driving mechanism of human activity change.This study uses the radio carbon dates(^(14)C)database of LA to reconstruct the history of the rise and fall of human activity,and finds that LA experienced more than~500 years from its rise to its peak and then to its decline:1)the city rose rapidly,and the population increased rapidly from~A.D.0 to 230;2)the city was prosperous and flourishing,and the intensity of human activity reached its peak from~A.D.160 to 340,especially in~A.D.230,when the population reached its peak;3)the city accelerated its decline,and the intensity of human activity decreased significantly,and the population shrank rapidly from~A.D.230 to 500;4)LA was completely abandoned after~A.D.560.The results of the ^(14)C dating database do not support that LA was the early capital of the Loulan Kingdom.By comparing the human activity record of LA with the existing high-resolution palaeoclimate records in the surrounding mountainous areas of the Tarim Basin and South Asia,it is found that the superposition of centennial-scale westerly circulation strength events and the~500-year cycle of the Indian monsoon jointly controlled the precipitation and meltwater(snow)supply of the mountains in the Tarim Basin,affecting the changes of surface runoff and oasis area in the basin,which is one of the important factors causing the rise and fall of LA.展开更多
Bisperoxo(1,10-phenanthroline) oxovanadate(BpV) can reportedly block the cell cycle. The present study examined whether BpV alters gene expression by affecting DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs), which would impact the cel...Bisperoxo(1,10-phenanthroline) oxovanadate(BpV) can reportedly block the cell cycle. The present study examined whether BpV alters gene expression by affecting DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs), which would impact the cell cycle. Immortalized mouse hippocampal neuronal precursor cells(HT_(22)) were treated with 0.3 or 3 μM BpV. Proliferation, morphology, and viability of HT_(22) cells were detected with an IncuCyte real-time video imaging system or inverted microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethonyphenol)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, respectively. mRNA and protein expression of DNMTs and p21 in HT_(22) cells was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting, respectively. In addition, DNMT activity was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effects of BpV on the cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results demonstrated that treatment with 0.3 μM BpV did not affect cell proliferation, morphology, or viability; however, treatment with 3 μM BpV decreased cell viability, increased expression of both DNMT3B mRNA and protein, and inhibited the proliferation of HT_(22) cells; and 3 μM BpV also blocked the cell cycle and increased expression of the regulatory factor p21 by increasing DNMT expression in mouse hippocampal neurons.展开更多
USA scientists found </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span>&l...USA scientists found </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">22-year cycle in Parkfield earthquake sequence, and they predicted that the next quake would come in 1988 ± 5 with 95% possibility, while the quake happened in 2004, which is 11 years later than the prediction. Here, we reanalyze the Parkfield earthquake sequence, and find 11-year cycle;multiple 11-year cycle and Fibonacci sequence existed for earthquake. With these methods, the 2004 earthquake can be predicted well. We also predict that the next earthquake may occur in 2031-2032.展开更多
We applied <em>n</em>-variable conserving nonlinear differential equations (<em>n</em>-CNDEs) to the population data of the 10-year cycles of Canadian lynx (1821-2016) and the snowshoe hare (18...We applied <em>n</em>-variable conserving nonlinear differential equations (<em>n</em>-CNDEs) to the population data of the 10-year cycles of Canadian lynx (1821-2016) and the snowshoe hare (1845-1921). Modeling external effects as perturbations to population dynamics, recovering and restorations from disintegrations (or extinctions), stability and survival strategies are discussed in terms of the conservation law inherent to dynamical interactions among species. The 2-variable conserving nonlinear interaction (2CNIs) is extended to 3, 4, ... <em>n</em>-variable conserving nonlinear interactions (<em>n</em>-CNIs) of species by adjusting minimum unknown parameters. The population cycle of species is a manifestation of conservation laws existing in complicated ecosystems, which is suggested from the CNDE analysis as <em>a standard rhythm</em> of interactions. The ecosystem is a consequence of the long history of nonlinear interactions and evolutions among life-beings and the natural environment, and the population dynamics of an ecosystem are observed as approximate CNIs. Physical analyses of the conserving quantity in nonlinear interactions would help us understand why and how they have developed. The standard rhythm found in nonlinear interactions should be considered as a manifestation of the survival strategy and the survival of the fittest to the balance of biological systems. The CNDEs and nonlinear differential equations with time-dependent coefficients would help find useful physical information on the survival of the fittest and symbiosis in an ecosystem.展开更多
文摘For the 22-year solar cycle oscillation there is no external time dependent source. A nonlinear oscillation, the solar cycle must be generated internally, and Babcock-Leighton models apply an artificial nonlinear source term that can simulate the observations—which leaves open the question of the actual source mechanism for the solar cycle. Addressing this question, we propose to take guidance from the wave mechanism that generates the 2-year Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) in the Earth atmosphere. Upward propagating gravity waves, eastward and westward, deposit momentum to generate the observed zonal wind oscillation. On the Sun, helioseismology has provided a thorough understanding of the acoustic p-waves, which propagate down into the convective envelope guided by the increasing temperature and related propagation velocity. Near the tachocline with low turbulent viscosity, the waves propagating eastward and westward can produce an axisymmetric 22-year oscillation of the zonal flow velocities that can generate the magnetic solar dynamo. Following the Earth model, waves in opposite directions can generate in the Sun wind and magnetic field oscillations in opposite directions, the proposition of a potential solar cycle mechanism.
文摘The X ray (1-8?) flux data of the solar flares are analyzed. The data used were obtained on GOES satellite during the solar cycles 21 and 22. The total number of the flares is more than 33000. The flare distributions according to their X ray classes, durations and intensities are constructed. The evolution of these distributions in solar cycle as well as from cycle to cycle is studied. The statistical analysis of the flare characteristics is made. There was confirmed the result of more frequent occurrence for powerful flares in cycle 21 decline phase.
文摘目的探讨小干扰RNA(si RNA)沉默泛素特异性肽酶22(ubiquitin specific protease 22,USP22)对胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响和作用机制。方法合成USP22 si RNA及阴性对照si RNA(control si RNA),用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染至人胶质瘤U87和U251细胞,分别设为实验组和阴性对照组。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blot检测两组胶质瘤细胞USP22 mRNA和蛋白表达水平的变化。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法(MTT法)检测USP22 si RNA对两组胶质瘤细胞的增殖抑制率。流式细胞术定量检测USP22 si RNA对胶质瘤细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布的影响。Western blot检测胶质瘤细胞凋亡蛋白和周期调控蛋白的表达。结果与阴性对照组比较,实验组胶质瘤细胞中USP22 mRNA和蛋白表达显著下降(P<0.05),细胞增殖明显受到抑制(P<0.05),凋亡率明显上升(P<0.05),细胞周期中G2/M期的细胞比例明显增高(P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示:细胞凋亡蛋白Procaspase-3、Procaspase-8、Procaspase-9表达明显下降(P<0.05);细胞周期蛋白CDK1、CDK2、Cyclin B1表达水平明显下降(P<0.05),Cyclin D1表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论 USP22基因在胶质瘤细胞的增殖中发挥重要作用,其机制可能为调节细胞凋亡和细胞周期。
基金supported by the NSFC(Grant No.42071103)the NKRDPC(Grant Nos.2022YFF0801502)+1 种基金the NSFC(Grant Nos.T2192952,41888101)the SPRPCAS(No.XDB26000000).
文摘The discovery of Loulan ancient city(LA)in the early 20th century has important significance for understanding the history of Western regions and the Silk Road civilization.The current academic community still has disputes on whether LA was the capital of Loulan Kingdom,the time of its rise,peak and decline,and the process,rate and driving mechanism of human activity change.This study uses the radio carbon dates(^(14)C)database of LA to reconstruct the history of the rise and fall of human activity,and finds that LA experienced more than~500 years from its rise to its peak and then to its decline:1)the city rose rapidly,and the population increased rapidly from~A.D.0 to 230;2)the city was prosperous and flourishing,and the intensity of human activity reached its peak from~A.D.160 to 340,especially in~A.D.230,when the population reached its peak;3)the city accelerated its decline,and the intensity of human activity decreased significantly,and the population shrank rapidly from~A.D.230 to 500;4)LA was completely abandoned after~A.D.560.The results of the ^(14)C dating database do not support that LA was the early capital of the Loulan Kingdom.By comparing the human activity record of LA with the existing high-resolution palaeoclimate records in the surrounding mountainous areas of the Tarim Basin and South Asia,it is found that the superposition of centennial-scale westerly circulation strength events and the~500-year cycle of the Indian monsoon jointly controlled the precipitation and meltwater(snow)supply of the mountains in the Tarim Basin,affecting the changes of surface runoff and oasis area in the basin,which is one of the important factors causing the rise and fall of LA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81160244,81360316,81460283,81660307(all to GS)the Inner Mongolia Science Foundation of China,No.2018LH08078(to GS),2016MS(LH)0307(to SYJ)+4 种基金the Baotou Health Foundation,China,No.WSJJ2016008(to SYJ)the Inner Mongolia Educational Research Foundation of China,No.NJZY207(to GS),NJZY17243(to SCY),NJZY17250(to XLL),NJZY17251(to SYJ)the Baotou Medical College Foundation of China,No.BYJJ-DF201602,BYJJ-YF201615,BSJJ201617,BYJJ-QM201633,BYJJ-QM201656,BYJJ201502(to GS)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Baotou of China,No.CX2017-5(to GS)the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFC1308405(to GS)
文摘Bisperoxo(1,10-phenanthroline) oxovanadate(BpV) can reportedly block the cell cycle. The present study examined whether BpV alters gene expression by affecting DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs), which would impact the cell cycle. Immortalized mouse hippocampal neuronal precursor cells(HT_(22)) were treated with 0.3 or 3 μM BpV. Proliferation, morphology, and viability of HT_(22) cells were detected with an IncuCyte real-time video imaging system or inverted microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethonyphenol)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, respectively. mRNA and protein expression of DNMTs and p21 in HT_(22) cells was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting, respectively. In addition, DNMT activity was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effects of BpV on the cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results demonstrated that treatment with 0.3 μM BpV did not affect cell proliferation, morphology, or viability; however, treatment with 3 μM BpV decreased cell viability, increased expression of both DNMT3B mRNA and protein, and inhibited the proliferation of HT_(22) cells; and 3 μM BpV also blocked the cell cycle and increased expression of the regulatory factor p21 by increasing DNMT expression in mouse hippocampal neurons.
文摘USA scientists found </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">22-year cycle in Parkfield earthquake sequence, and they predicted that the next quake would come in 1988 ± 5 with 95% possibility, while the quake happened in 2004, which is 11 years later than the prediction. Here, we reanalyze the Parkfield earthquake sequence, and find 11-year cycle;multiple 11-year cycle and Fibonacci sequence existed for earthquake. With these methods, the 2004 earthquake can be predicted well. We also predict that the next earthquake may occur in 2031-2032.
文摘We applied <em>n</em>-variable conserving nonlinear differential equations (<em>n</em>-CNDEs) to the population data of the 10-year cycles of Canadian lynx (1821-2016) and the snowshoe hare (1845-1921). Modeling external effects as perturbations to population dynamics, recovering and restorations from disintegrations (or extinctions), stability and survival strategies are discussed in terms of the conservation law inherent to dynamical interactions among species. The 2-variable conserving nonlinear interaction (2CNIs) is extended to 3, 4, ... <em>n</em>-variable conserving nonlinear interactions (<em>n</em>-CNIs) of species by adjusting minimum unknown parameters. The population cycle of species is a manifestation of conservation laws existing in complicated ecosystems, which is suggested from the CNDE analysis as <em>a standard rhythm</em> of interactions. The ecosystem is a consequence of the long history of nonlinear interactions and evolutions among life-beings and the natural environment, and the population dynamics of an ecosystem are observed as approximate CNIs. Physical analyses of the conserving quantity in nonlinear interactions would help us understand why and how they have developed. The standard rhythm found in nonlinear interactions should be considered as a manifestation of the survival strategy and the survival of the fittest to the balance of biological systems. The CNDEs and nonlinear differential equations with time-dependent coefficients would help find useful physical information on the survival of the fittest and symbiosis in an ecosystem.
