针对SS304不锈钢水槽件在拉深过程中出现的零件起皱问题,采用正交试验方法研究凹模圆角半径、压边力和摩擦因数对起皱问题的影响。通过有限元分析软件Dynaform对正交试验方案进行仿真验证,考察了最大增厚率和凹模圆角半径、压边力和摩...针对SS304不锈钢水槽件在拉深过程中出现的零件起皱问题,采用正交试验方法研究凹模圆角半径、压边力和摩擦因数对起皱问题的影响。通过有限元分析软件Dynaform对正交试验方案进行仿真验证,考察了最大增厚率和凹模圆角半径、压边力和摩擦因数等3个成型影响因素之间的关系。试验结果表明,该SS304不锈钢盒型件的最佳成型工艺组合为R1C4F4,即:凹模圆角半径为5 m m,摩擦因数为0.2和压边力为50 kN。依据优化结果,改进了模具结构设计,从而较好地解决了SS304不锈钢盒型件的成型问题。展开更多
采用2~5 mm厚的纯V与纯Cu组成复合过渡段,进行了TA2与304不锈钢的激光焊接试验,测试了接头的拉伸强度,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及能谱仪对连接界面处元素扩散、接头断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明,采用加入2~5 mm V/Cu复合过渡段进行...采用2~5 mm厚的纯V与纯Cu组成复合过渡段,进行了TA2与304不锈钢的激光焊接试验,测试了接头的拉伸强度,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及能谱仪对连接界面处元素扩散、接头断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明,采用加入2~5 mm V/Cu复合过渡段进行TA2和304不锈钢的激光焊接时,可以获得连接良好、无裂纹的焊接接头。中间过渡段越厚,接头抗拉强度越大,加入5 mm V/Cu复合过渡段时,接头平均抗拉强度最高达297 MPa,断裂发生在Cu过渡段内,属韧性断裂。展开更多
The basic principle of friction welding is intermetallic bonding at the stage of super plasticity attained with self-generating heat due to friction and finishing at upset pressure. Now the dissimilar metal joints are...The basic principle of friction welding is intermetallic bonding at the stage of super plasticity attained with self-generating heat due to friction and finishing at upset pressure. Now the dissimilar metal joints are especially popular in defense, aerospace, automobile, bio-medical,refinery and nuclear engineerings. In friction welding, some special alloys with dual phase are not joined successfully due to poor bonding strength. The alloy surfaces after bonding also have metallurgical changes in the line of interfacing. The reported research work in this area is scanty. Although the sound weld zone of direct bonding between Tie6Ale4 V and SS304 L was obtained though many trials, the joint was not successful. In this paper, the friction welding characteristics between Tie6Ale4 V and SS304 L into which pure oxygen free copper(OFC) was introduced as interlayer were investigated. Boxe Behnken design was used to minimize the number of experiments to be performed. The weld joint was analyzed for its mechanical strength. The highest tensile strength between Tie6Ale4 V and SS304 L between which pure copper was used as insert metal was acquired. Micro-structural analysis and elemental analysis were carried out by EDS, and the formation of intermetallic compound at the interface was identified by XRD analysis.展开更多
The uniaxial time-dependent strain cyclic behaviors and ratcheting of SS304 stainless steel were studied at high temperatures （350 ℃ and 700 ℃）. The effects of straining and stressing rates, holding time at the pe...The uniaxial time-dependent strain cyclic behaviors and ratcheting of SS304 stainless steel were studied at high temperatures （350 ℃ and 700 ℃）. The effects of straining and stressing rates, holding time at the peak and/or valley of each cycle in addition to ambient temperature on the cyclic softening/hardening behavior and ratcheting of the material were discussed. It can be seen from experimental results that the material presents remarkable time dependence at 700 ℃, and the ratcheting strain depends greatly on the stressing rate, holding time and ambient temperature. Some significant conclusions are obtained, which are useful to build a constitutive model describiog the time-dependent cyclic deformation of the material.展开更多
A method to decide near optimal settings of the process parameters in friction welding was proposed.The success of the friction welding process is based on various input parameters like friction pressure,friction time...A method to decide near optimal settings of the process parameters in friction welding was proposed.The success of the friction welding process is based on various input parameters like friction pressure,friction time,upset pressure and upset time and output parameters like tensile strength,hardness and material loss.Ti-6Al-4V and SS304L(SS) materials were joined by friction welding process using interlayer techniques.The Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology(RSM) were applied to deciding the number of experiments to be performed and identify the optimum process parameters for obtaining better joint strength.The results were highly encouraging.Join strength of 523 MPa was obtained at a friction pressure of 12 N/mm^2,upset pressure of40 N/mm^2,friction time of 1.2 s and upset time of 7 s.展开更多
The effects of the substrate temperature on the deposition and microstructure of the 304 stainless steel （SS） cold gas dynamic spraying （CGDS） coatings were investigated. It was found that the higher substrate tem...The effects of the substrate temperature on the deposition and microstructure of the 304 stainless steel （SS） cold gas dynamic spraying （CGDS） coatings were investigated. It was found that the higher substrate temperature could increase the deposition rate of the 304 SS particles,even the oxide films existed at the interface. There was a critical oxide film with a thickness of 3 -4 um which could be destroyed by the impacted particles. The micro-hardness and microstructure of the 304 SS coatings under different substrate preheating temperatures were almost the same.展开更多
SS304 is a commercial grade stainless steel which is used for various engineering applications like shafts, guides, jigs, fixtures, etc. Ceramic coating of the wear areas of such parts is a regular practice which sign...SS304 is a commercial grade stainless steel which is used for various engineering applications like shafts, guides, jigs, fixtures, etc. Ceramic coating of the wear areas of such parts is a regular practice which significantly enhances the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF). The final coating quality depends mainly on the coating thickness, surface roughness and hardness which ultimately decides the life. This paper presents an experimental study to effectively optimize the Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) process input parameters of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-40% TiO2 ceramic coatings to get the best quality of coating on commercial SS304 substrate. The experiments are conducted with a three-level L<sub>18</sub> Orthogonal Array (OA) Design of Experiments (DoE). Critical input parameters considered are: spray nozzle distance, substrate rotating speed, current of the arc, carrier gas flow and coating powder flow rate. The surface roughness, coating thickness and hardness are considered as the output parameters. Mathematical models are generated using regression analysis for individual output parameters. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is applied to generate weights for the individual objective functions and a combined objective function is generated. An advanced optimization method, Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization algorithm (TLBO), is applied to the combined objective function to optimize the values of input parameters to get the best output parameters and confirmation tests are conducted based on that. The significant effects of spray parameters on surface roughness, coating thickness and coating hardness are studied in detail.展开更多
文摘针对SS304不锈钢水槽件在拉深过程中出现的零件起皱问题,采用正交试验方法研究凹模圆角半径、压边力和摩擦因数对起皱问题的影响。通过有限元分析软件Dynaform对正交试验方案进行仿真验证,考察了最大增厚率和凹模圆角半径、压边力和摩擦因数等3个成型影响因素之间的关系。试验结果表明,该SS304不锈钢盒型件的最佳成型工艺组合为R1C4F4,即:凹模圆角半径为5 m m,摩擦因数为0.2和压边力为50 kN。依据优化结果,改进了模具结构设计,从而较好地解决了SS304不锈钢盒型件的成型问题。
文摘采用2~5 mm厚的纯V与纯Cu组成复合过渡段,进行了TA2与304不锈钢的激光焊接试验,测试了接头的拉伸强度,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及能谱仪对连接界面处元素扩散、接头断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明,采用加入2~5 mm V/Cu复合过渡段进行TA2和304不锈钢的激光焊接时,可以获得连接良好、无裂纹的焊接接头。中间过渡段越厚,接头抗拉强度越大,加入5 mm V/Cu复合过渡段时,接头平均抗拉强度最高达297 MPa,断裂发生在Cu过渡段内,属韧性断裂。
文摘The basic principle of friction welding is intermetallic bonding at the stage of super plasticity attained with self-generating heat due to friction and finishing at upset pressure. Now the dissimilar metal joints are especially popular in defense, aerospace, automobile, bio-medical,refinery and nuclear engineerings. In friction welding, some special alloys with dual phase are not joined successfully due to poor bonding strength. The alloy surfaces after bonding also have metallurgical changes in the line of interfacing. The reported research work in this area is scanty. Although the sound weld zone of direct bonding between Tie6Ale4 V and SS304 L was obtained though many trials, the joint was not successful. In this paper, the friction welding characteristics between Tie6Ale4 V and SS304 L into which pure oxygen free copper(OFC) was introduced as interlayer were investigated. Boxe Behnken design was used to minimize the number of experiments to be performed. The weld joint was analyzed for its mechanical strength. The highest tensile strength between Tie6Ale4 V and SS304 L between which pure copper was used as insert metal was acquired. Micro-structural analysis and elemental analysis were carried out by EDS, and the formation of intermetallic compound at the interface was identified by XRD analysis.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC10402037) Theoretical Research Fund of SouthwestJiaotong University (2005XJB23)
文摘The uniaxial time-dependent strain cyclic behaviors and ratcheting of SS304 stainless steel were studied at high temperatures （350 ℃ and 700 ℃）. The effects of straining and stressing rates, holding time at the peak and/or valley of each cycle in addition to ambient temperature on the cyclic softening/hardening behavior and ratcheting of the material were discussed. It can be seen from experimental results that the material presents remarkable time dependence at 700 ℃, and the ratcheting strain depends greatly on the stressing rate, holding time and ambient temperature. Some significant conclusions are obtained, which are useful to build a constitutive model describiog the time-dependent cyclic deformation of the material.
文摘A method to decide near optimal settings of the process parameters in friction welding was proposed.The success of the friction welding process is based on various input parameters like friction pressure,friction time,upset pressure and upset time and output parameters like tensile strength,hardness and material loss.Ti-6Al-4V and SS304L(SS) materials were joined by friction welding process using interlayer techniques.The Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology(RSM) were applied to deciding the number of experiments to be performed and identify the optimum process parameters for obtaining better joint strength.The results were highly encouraging.Join strength of 523 MPa was obtained at a friction pressure of 12 N/mm^2,upset pressure of40 N/mm^2,friction time of 1.2 s and upset time of 7 s.
文摘The effects of the substrate temperature on the deposition and microstructure of the 304 stainless steel （SS） cold gas dynamic spraying （CGDS） coatings were investigated. It was found that the higher substrate temperature could increase the deposition rate of the 304 SS particles,even the oxide films existed at the interface. There was a critical oxide film with a thickness of 3 -4 um which could be destroyed by the impacted particles. The micro-hardness and microstructure of the 304 SS coatings under different substrate preheating temperatures were almost the same.
文摘SS304 is a commercial grade stainless steel which is used for various engineering applications like shafts, guides, jigs, fixtures, etc. Ceramic coating of the wear areas of such parts is a regular practice which significantly enhances the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF). The final coating quality depends mainly on the coating thickness, surface roughness and hardness which ultimately decides the life. This paper presents an experimental study to effectively optimize the Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) process input parameters of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-40% TiO2 ceramic coatings to get the best quality of coating on commercial SS304 substrate. The experiments are conducted with a three-level L<sub>18</sub> Orthogonal Array (OA) Design of Experiments (DoE). Critical input parameters considered are: spray nozzle distance, substrate rotating speed, current of the arc, carrier gas flow and coating powder flow rate. The surface roughness, coating thickness and hardness are considered as the output parameters. Mathematical models are generated using regression analysis for individual output parameters. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is applied to generate weights for the individual objective functions and a combined objective function is generated. An advanced optimization method, Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization algorithm (TLBO), is applied to the combined objective function to optimize the values of input parameters to get the best output parameters and confirmation tests are conducted based on that. The significant effects of spray parameters on surface roughness, coating thickness and coating hardness are studied in detail.
