BACKGROUND Pyogenic granuloma(PG)is a localized,reddish and vascularized hyperplastic lesion of the connective tissue which occurs in the oral cavity.In most cases,the presence of this lesion does not show alveolar bo...BACKGROUND Pyogenic granuloma(PG)is a localized,reddish and vascularized hyperplastic lesion of the connective tissue which occurs in the oral cavity.In most cases,the presence of this lesion does not show alveolar bone resorption.The pathology is diagnosed clinically with some caution.However,the diagnosis and treatment are usually corroborated with histopathological evidence.CASE SUMMARY Three clinical cases of PG associated with bone loss were described in this study.The three patients presented tumor-like growth which bled on touch,and were associated with local irritant factors.Radiographs showed bone loss.All cases were treated with conservative surgical excision.The scarring was satisfactory,and there was no case of recurrence.The diagnoses were based on clinical findings,and were confirmed histopathologically.CONCLUSION The occurrence of oral PG with bone loss is unusual.Therefore,clinical and radiographic evaluations are important for the diagnosis.展开更多
There is plenty of literature on masticatory function and its impact on maxillofacial development. However, the influence of masticatory hypofunction on bone turnover in the alveolar bone has hardly been studied. This...There is plenty of literature on masticatory function and its impact on maxillofacial development. However, the influence of masticatory hypofunction on bone turnover in the alveolar bone has hardly been studied. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and soft diet on the alveolar bone turnover during the growth period. Three-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). BV, BMC, and BMD in the cancellous bone of M1 were measured using micro-CT analysis. To analyze the histological bone turnover, we prepared non-decalcified thin sections of alveolar cancellous bone when rats were 20 weeks old. On three-dimensional constructed images, the experimental groups (the Powder diet and Extraction groups) showed expansion of the medullary cavity of the interradicular septum of the first molar compared to controls (the Hard diet group). BV, BMC, and BMD were significantly lower in the experimental groups, with the difference from controls being greater in the Extraction group. On histomorphometric analysis, the bone mass parameters, bone formation parameters, and bone mineralization parameters were significantly lower in the experimental groups compared to controls. The bone resorption parameters were significantly higher in the experimental groups. From this study, we found that soft diet and tooth loss might worsen the bone microstructure, reduce osteogenesis, and promote bone resorption in alveolar bone.展开更多
Aim To investigate the relationship between the positioning of the lower central incisor and physical morphology of the surrounding alveolar bone. Methodology Thirty-eight patients (18 males, 20 females), with mean ag...Aim To investigate the relationship between the positioning of the lower central incisor and physical morphology of the surrounding alveolar bone. Methodology Thirty-eight patients (18 males, 20 females), with mean age of 13.4 years, were included in this study. As part of orthodontic treatment planning the patients were required to take dental Cone-beam CT (CBCT) covering the region of lower incisors, the surrounding alveolar bone and the mandibular symphysis. The cephalometric parameters were designed and measured to indicate the inclination of lower central incisor and physical morphology of the adjacent alveolar bone. Computer-aided descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0 software package for Windows. A correlation analysis and a linear regression analysis between the incisor inclination and the alveolar bone morphology were performed. Results Significant positive correlations were found between the lower central incisor inclination and the morphological contour of the alveolar bone (P<0.05). The lower central incisor root apex was closer to the lingual alveolar crest when it was buccally inclined. Conclusion The morphology of the alveolar bone may be affected by incisal inclination.展开更多
To provide an anatomical basis for clinical implant esthetics,we evaluated the morphology of the nasopalatine canal(NPC) and analyzed labial and interproximal bone anatomy at the maxillary anterior region.We sought to...To provide an anatomical basis for clinical implant esthetics,we evaluated the morphology of the nasopalatine canal(NPC) and analyzed labial and interproximal bone anatomy at the maxillary anterior region.We sought to investigate the effect of maxillary protrusion and tooth labiolingual inclination on labial bone anatomy in Chinese adults.Three dimensional(3D) images were reconstructed using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) images from 80 Chinese subjects and by SimPlant 11.04.The dimensions of the NPC,the thickness and profile of the labial bone,the width and height of the interproximal bone,angle sella-nasion-subspinale(SNA) and angle upper central incisor-nasion,subspinale(U1-NA) were measured.The incisive foramen of the NPC was markedly wider than its nasal foramen.The dimension of its labial bone wall demonstrated an increasing width from the crestal to apical measurements.The labial bone at the maxillary anterior region was rather thin,especially at 3 mm below the cemento-enamel junction(CEJ) and the mid-root level;the profile of the labial bone was more curved at the central incisor,and the interproximal bone became wider and shorter posteriorly.There were significant relationships between maxillary protrusion and labial bone profile,tooth labiolingual inclination and labial bone thickness(P < 0.02).To achieve optimal esthetic outcome of implant,bone augmentation is necessary at the maxillary anterior region.For immediate or early placement at the maxillary anterior region,the implant should be located palatally to reduce labial bone resorption and marginal recession;its apex should be angulated palatally to avoid labial perforation at the apical region.To protect the NPC,implants at the central incisor region should be placed away from NPC.展开更多
Recent studies have shown that Er-Zhi-Wan(EZW),a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of Herba Ecliptae(HE)and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi(FLL),had a definite antiosteoporotic effect on osteoporotic femur,but its effec...Recent studies have shown that Er-Zhi-Wan(EZW),a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of Herba Ecliptae(HE)and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi(FLL),had a definite antiosteoporotic effect on osteoporotic femur,but its effect on osteoporosis of alveolar bone remains unknown.In the present study,we investigated the effects of Er-Zhi-Wan(EZW)on the microarchitecture and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats.Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:sham operation group(sham,n=10),ovariectomy(OVX)group(n=10),and OVX with EZW treatment group(EZW group,n=10).From one week after ovariectomy,EZW(100 mg/mL)or vehicle(distilled water)was fed(1 mL/100 g)once per day for 12 weeks until the sacrifice of the rats.The body weights were measured weekly.After sacrifice,the sera and mandible were collected and routinely prepared for the measurement of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture,serum levels of E2,bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BALP)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRAP5b),as well as mandibular mRNA expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway molecules wnt3a,low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5(LRP5),β-catenin and dickkopf homolog 1(DKK1).The results showed that EZW treatment significantly prevented the body weight gain,degradation of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture and alveolar bone loss in the OVX rats.Furthermore,we observed that EZW could increase the serum levels of E2 and BALP,and decrease levels of serum TRAP5b in EZW group compared with vehicle group.In addition,RT-PCR results revealed that EZW upregulated the expression levels of wnt3a,LRP5 andβ-catenin,and reduced the expression of DKK1 in OVX rats.Taken together,our results suggested that EZW may have potential anti-osteoporotic effects on osteoporotic alveolar bone by stimulating Wnt/LRP5/β-catenin signaling pathway.展开更多
Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors.Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to...Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors.Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone-lytic diseases.Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by extensive bone resorption. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium fluoride(Na F) on osteoclastogenesis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important colonizer of the oral cavity that has been implicated in periodontitis. Na F strongly inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss. That effect was accompanied by decreased levels of cathepsin K, interleukin(IL)-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase,which were up-regulated during P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistent with the in vivo anti-osteoclastogenic effect,Na F inhibited osteoclast formation caused by the differentiation factor RANKL(receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand)and macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF). The RANKL-stimulated induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells(NFAT) c1 was also abrogated by Na F. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Na F inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by reducing the induction of NFATc1, ultimately leading to the suppressed expression of cathepsin K and MMP9.The in vivo effect of Na F on the inhibition of P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis strengthens the potential usefulness of Na F for treating periodontal diseases.展开更多
To evaluate the treatment results of bilateral alveolar bone grafting (BABG) in patients with bilateral complete clefts of lip and palate. [WT5”BX] Methods.[WT5”BZ] A retrospective study was performed in 66 bilatera...To evaluate the treatment results of bilateral alveolar bone grafting (BABG) in patients with bilateral complete clefts of lip and palate. [WT5”BX] Methods.[WT5”BZ] A retrospective study was performed in 66 bilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients who received the procedure of BABG, among them 15 were primary BABG and 51 were secondary BABG. The patients were further divided into three groups according to age and eruption stage of the canine at the time of surgery. The result of BABG was evaluated on the radiographs. [WT5”BX] Results.[WT5”BZ] (1)The overall success rate of BABG was 75 0%, with 83 3% and 72 5% for primary and secondary BABG respectively; (2)The marginal bone level was found to be significantly higher in the youngest age group than in the other groups both for primary and secondary BABG; (3)For both primary and secondary BABG, Group C (patients’ age more than 16 years) had the least optimal success rate, with 66 7% and 65 4% respectively. [WT5”BX] Conclusion.[WT5”BZ] Simultaneous primary palate repair and BABG is safe and feasible procedure for treating unoperated bilateral complete cleft lip and cleft palate patients. For both primary and secondary BABG, significantly better results can be achieved if the operation is performed before eruption of the canine.展开更多
Objective: Conservative restoration principles that accurately reduce plaque accumulation are the goals of restorative dentistry. Correct and perfect restoration has an important effect on health of periodontious tiss...Objective: Conservative restoration principles that accurately reduce plaque accumulation are the goals of restorative dentistry. Correct and perfect restoration has an important effect on health of periodontious tissues. This study was done to compare the methods of oral hygiene, over hanged removal and restoration changing on periodontal health and alveolar bone height of restored mandible molars with proximal over hanged amalgam. Materials and Methods: All patients with over hanged amalgam restoration were randomly divided into three groups. In order to survey the effect of over hanged removal on gingival and bleeding indices and alveolar bone height adjacent to mandible molar teeth, these indices were determined according to recurrent radio-graphical early signs of alveolar bone loss during three months. Sixty patients, 20 in each group, were studied. In the group I, overhang was removed with ultrasonic scale or bur and oral hygiene methods as usual were continued. In the group II, over-hang was left, but plaque controls as the prophylaxis and flossing were done. In the group III, restoration was changed and oral hygiene was done as usual. Plaque index and bleeding index were measured at the beginning of study and three months later. Findings: Statistical analysis of studied indices at the beginning and three months after treatment using paired test has shown significant differences in gingival inflammation, in all groups. Statistical analysis of indices using Tukey HSD test has also shown significant differences in decreasing gingival inflammation measure when the over hanged restoration was removed. While there is no difference between the other two groups. Conclusion: The results showed that plaque control causes subsidence of gingival inflammation and increasing of alveolar bone support, and it is more effective when the over hanged restoration is changed.展开更多
The regeneration of alveolar bone is still clinical challenge,particularly accompanied with diabetes,causing metabolic disorder with a protracted low-grade inflammatory phenotype.As a result,the anticipated loading of...The regeneration of alveolar bone is still clinical challenge,particularly accompanied with diabetes,causing metabolic disorder with a protracted low-grade inflammatory phenotype.As a result,the anticipated loading of biomaterials is highly suspicious in spontaneous modulation of cells function,which is mostly disturbed by constant inflammation.In this study,we developed glucose and hydrogen peroxide dual-responsive borosilicate glass(BSG)scaffolds loaded with epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)to synergistically modulate the abnormal inflammation of diabetic alveolar bone defects.It was found that the release of EGCG by BSG could directly regulate the shift of macrophages from M1 to the M2 phenotype by promoting autophagy and lessening the inhibition of autophagic flux.Moreover,EGCG can also indirectly regulate the polarization phenotype of macrophages by reducing the activation of NF-κb in stem cells and restoring its immunoregulatory capacity.Therefore,the addition of EGCG to BSG scaffold in diabetes allows for a more striking modulation of the macrophage phenotype in a timely manner.The altered macrophage phenotype reduces local inflammation and thus increases the ability to repair diabetic alveolar bone,showing promise for the treatment of alveolar defect in diabetic patients.展开更多
The regeneration of alveolar bone after tooth extraction is critical for the placement of dental implants.Developing a rigid porous scaffold with defect shape adaptability is of great importance but challenging for al...The regeneration of alveolar bone after tooth extraction is critical for the placement of dental implants.Developing a rigid porous scaffold with defect shape adaptability is of great importance but challenging for alveolar bone regeneration.Herein,we design and synthesize a biocompatible poly(L-glutamic acid)-g-poly(ε-caprolactone)(PLGA-g-PCL)porous shape memory(SM)polymer.The PLGA-g-PCL is then copolymerized with acryloyl chloride grafted poly(ω-pentadecalactone)(PPDLDA)having a higher phase transition temperature than shape recovery temperature to maintain stiffness after shape recovery to resist chewing force.The hybrid pol-ydopamine/silver/hydroxyapatite(PDA/Ag/HA)is coated to the surface of(PLGA-g-PCL)-PPDL scaffold to afford the anti-bacterial activity.The porous SM scaffold can be deformed into a compact size and administered into the socket cavity in a minimally invasive mode,and recover its original shape with a high stiffness at body tem-perature,fitting well in the socket defect.The SM scaffold exhibits robust antibacterial activity against Staphy-lococcus aureus(S.aureus).The porous microstructure and cytocompatibility of PLGA allow for the ingrowth and proliferation of stem cells,thus facilitating osteogenic differentiation.The micro-CT and histological analyses demonstrate that the scaffold boosts efficient new bone regeneration in the socket of rabbit mandibular first premolar.This porous shape memory self-adaptive stiffened polymer opens up a new avenue for alveolar bone regeneration.展开更多
While periodontal (PD) disease is among principal causes of tooth loss worldwide, regulation of concomitant soft and mineralized PD tissues, and PD pathogenesis have not been completely clarified yet. Besides, relevan...While periodontal (PD) disease is among principal causes of tooth loss worldwide, regulation of concomitant soft and mineralized PD tissues, and PD pathogenesis have not been completely clarified yet. Besides, relevant pre-clinical models and in vitro platforms have limitations in simulating human physiology. Here, we have harnessed three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) technology for developing a multi-cellular microtissue model resembling PD ligament-alveolar bone (PDL-AB) biointerface for the first time. 3DBP parameters were optimized;the physical, chemical, rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the constructs were assessed. Constructs containing gelatin methacryloyl (Gel-MA) and hydroxyapatite-magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles showed higher level of compressive strength when compared with that of Gel-MA constructs. Bioprinted self-supporting microtissue was cultured under flow in a microfluidic platform for >10 days without significant loss of shape fidelity. Confocal microscopy analysis indicated that encapsulated cells were homogenously distributed inside the matrix and preserved their viability for >7 days under microfluidic conditions. Immunofluorescence analysis showed the cohesion of stromal cell surface marker-1+ human PDL fibroblasts containing PDL layer with the osteocalcin+ human osteoblasts containing mineralized layer in time, demonstrating some permeability of the printed constructs to cell migration. Preliminary tetracycline interaction study indicated the uptake of model drug by the cells inside the 3D-microtissue. Also, the non-toxic levels of tetracycline were determined for the encapsulated cells. Thus, the effects of tetracyclines on PDL-AB have clinical significance for treating PD diseases. This 3D-bioprinted multi-cellular periodontal/osteoblastic microtissue model has potential as an in vitro platform for studying processes of the human PDL.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate three-dimensional(3D) dehiscence of upper anterior alveolar bone during incisor retraction and intrusion in adult patients with maximum anchorage.Methods:Twenty adul...Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate three-dimensional(3D) dehiscence of upper anterior alveolar bone during incisor retraction and intrusion in adult patients with maximum anchorage.Methods:Twenty adult patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion had the four first premolars extracted.Miniscrews were placed to provide maximum anchorage for upper incisor retraction and intrusion.A computed tomography(CT) scan was performed after placement of the miniscrews and treatment.The 3D reconstructions of pre-and post-CT data were used to assess the dehiscence of upper anterior alveolar bone.Results:The amounts of upper incisor retraction at the edge and apex were(7.64±1.68) and(3.91±2.10) mm,respectively,and(1.34±0.74) mm of upper central incisor intrusion.Upper alveolar bone height losses at labial alveolar ridge crest(LAC) and palatal alveolar ridge crest(PAC) were 0.543 and 2.612 mm,respectively,and the percentages were(6.49±3.54)% and(27.42±9.77)%,respectively.The shape deformations of LAC-labial cortex bending point(LBP) and PAC-palatal cortex bending point(PBP) were(15.37±5.20)° and(6.43±3.27)°,respectively.Conclusions:Thus,for adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion,mechanobiological response of anterior alveolus should be taken into account during incisor retraction and intrusion.Pursuit of maximum anchorage might lead to upper anterior alveolar bone loss.展开更多
Introduction: Iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) is commonly used as a high-quality reconstruction material;however, PCBM cannot be extracted in sufficient amounts to meet demand. To determine the app...Introduction: Iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) is commonly used as a high-quality reconstruction material;however, PCBM cannot be extracted in sufficient amounts to meet demand. To determine the appropriate amount of iliac PCBM to be collected, we used digital technology to measure the volume required for jaw reconstruction before surgery. Clinical Case: The patient, a 23-year-old man, underwent surgery for a calcifying odontogenic cyst. A maxillary cyst occupied the left anterior-premolar region (tooth 21 - 25) and the deciduous canine remained;a permanent canine was included in the cyst. We planned to preserve the teeth except for the impacted canine, completely excise the maxillary cyst, and preserve the alveolar ridge morphology. Preoperative digital imaging was used to determine the amount of alveolar ridge reconstruction required and accordingly determine the amount of iliac cancellous bone to be harvested. We used a titanium mesh tray and grafts of iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow to reconstruct the alveolar ridge. The amount of iliac cancellous bone that needed to be collected was clarified and the supply amount could be collected in just the right amount;thus, the cortical bone of the iliac inner plate could be preserved. The alveolar bone morphology was reconstructed to allow the placement of dental implants as per the preoperative digital surgery. Three years after the operation, no sign of recurrence has been observed. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery was performed by clarifying the amount of iliac cancellous bone graft that needs to be harvested, which improved the accuracy of surgery.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Pyogenic granuloma(PG)is a localized,reddish and vascularized hyperplastic lesion of the connective tissue which occurs in the oral cavity.In most cases,the presence of this lesion does not show alveolar bone resorption.The pathology is diagnosed clinically with some caution.However,the diagnosis and treatment are usually corroborated with histopathological evidence.CASE SUMMARY Three clinical cases of PG associated with bone loss were described in this study.The three patients presented tumor-like growth which bled on touch,and were associated with local irritant factors.Radiographs showed bone loss.All cases were treated with conservative surgical excision.The scarring was satisfactory,and there was no case of recurrence.The diagnoses were based on clinical findings,and were confirmed histopathologically.CONCLUSION The occurrence of oral PG with bone loss is unusual.Therefore,clinical and radiographic evaluations are important for the diagnosis.
文摘There is plenty of literature on masticatory function and its impact on maxillofacial development. However, the influence of masticatory hypofunction on bone turnover in the alveolar bone has hardly been studied. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and soft diet on the alveolar bone turnover during the growth period. Three-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). BV, BMC, and BMD in the cancellous bone of M1 were measured using micro-CT analysis. To analyze the histological bone turnover, we prepared non-decalcified thin sections of alveolar cancellous bone when rats were 20 weeks old. On three-dimensional constructed images, the experimental groups (the Powder diet and Extraction groups) showed expansion of the medullary cavity of the interradicular septum of the first molar compared to controls (the Hard diet group). BV, BMC, and BMD were significantly lower in the experimental groups, with the difference from controls being greater in the Extraction group. On histomorphometric analysis, the bone mass parameters, bone formation parameters, and bone mineralization parameters were significantly lower in the experimental groups compared to controls. The bone resorption parameters were significantly higher in the experimental groups. From this study, we found that soft diet and tooth loss might worsen the bone microstructure, reduce osteogenesis, and promote bone resorption in alveolar bone.
文摘Aim To investigate the relationship between the positioning of the lower central incisor and physical morphology of the surrounding alveolar bone. Methodology Thirty-eight patients (18 males, 20 females), with mean age of 13.4 years, were included in this study. As part of orthodontic treatment planning the patients were required to take dental Cone-beam CT (CBCT) covering the region of lower incisors, the surrounding alveolar bone and the mandibular symphysis. The cephalometric parameters were designed and measured to indicate the inclination of lower central incisor and physical morphology of the adjacent alveolar bone. Computer-aided descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0 software package for Windows. A correlation analysis and a linear regression analysis between the incisor inclination and the alveolar bone morphology were performed. Results Significant positive correlations were found between the lower central incisor inclination and the morphological contour of the alveolar bone (P<0.05). The lower central incisor root apex was closer to the lingual alveolar crest when it was buccally inclined. Conclusion The morphology of the alveolar bone may be affected by incisal inclination.
文摘To provide an anatomical basis for clinical implant esthetics,we evaluated the morphology of the nasopalatine canal(NPC) and analyzed labial and interproximal bone anatomy at the maxillary anterior region.We sought to investigate the effect of maxillary protrusion and tooth labiolingual inclination on labial bone anatomy in Chinese adults.Three dimensional(3D) images were reconstructed using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) images from 80 Chinese subjects and by SimPlant 11.04.The dimensions of the NPC,the thickness and profile of the labial bone,the width and height of the interproximal bone,angle sella-nasion-subspinale(SNA) and angle upper central incisor-nasion,subspinale(U1-NA) were measured.The incisive foramen of the NPC was markedly wider than its nasal foramen.The dimension of its labial bone wall demonstrated an increasing width from the crestal to apical measurements.The labial bone at the maxillary anterior region was rather thin,especially at 3 mm below the cemento-enamel junction(CEJ) and the mid-root level;the profile of the labial bone was more curved at the central incisor,and the interproximal bone became wider and shorter posteriorly.There were significant relationships between maxillary protrusion and labial bone profile,tooth labiolingual inclination and labial bone thickness(P < 0.02).To achieve optimal esthetic outcome of implant,bone augmentation is necessary at the maxillary anterior region.For immediate or early placement at the maxillary anterior region,the implant should be located palatally to reduce labial bone resorption and marginal recession;its apex should be angulated palatally to avoid labial perforation at the apical region.To protect the NPC,implants at the central incisor region should be placed away from NPC.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81170992)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Wuhan University(No.201130402020004)
文摘Recent studies have shown that Er-Zhi-Wan(EZW),a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of Herba Ecliptae(HE)and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi(FLL),had a definite antiosteoporotic effect on osteoporotic femur,but its effect on osteoporosis of alveolar bone remains unknown.In the present study,we investigated the effects of Er-Zhi-Wan(EZW)on the microarchitecture and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats.Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:sham operation group(sham,n=10),ovariectomy(OVX)group(n=10),and OVX with EZW treatment group(EZW group,n=10).From one week after ovariectomy,EZW(100 mg/mL)or vehicle(distilled water)was fed(1 mL/100 g)once per day for 12 weeks until the sacrifice of the rats.The body weights were measured weekly.After sacrifice,the sera and mandible were collected and routinely prepared for the measurement of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture,serum levels of E2,bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BALP)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRAP5b),as well as mandibular mRNA expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway molecules wnt3a,low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5(LRP5),β-catenin and dickkopf homolog 1(DKK1).The results showed that EZW treatment significantly prevented the body weight gain,degradation of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture and alveolar bone loss in the OVX rats.Furthermore,we observed that EZW could increase the serum levels of E2 and BALP,and decrease levels of serum TRAP5b in EZW group compared with vehicle group.In addition,RT-PCR results revealed that EZW upregulated the expression levels of wnt3a,LRP5 andβ-catenin,and reduced the expression of DKK1 in OVX rats.Taken together,our results suggested that EZW may have potential anti-osteoporotic effects on osteoporotic alveolar bone by stimulating Wnt/LRP5/β-catenin signaling pathway.
文摘Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors.Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone-lytic diseases.Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by extensive bone resorption. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium fluoride(Na F) on osteoclastogenesis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important colonizer of the oral cavity that has been implicated in periodontitis. Na F strongly inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss. That effect was accompanied by decreased levels of cathepsin K, interleukin(IL)-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase,which were up-regulated during P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistent with the in vivo anti-osteoclastogenic effect,Na F inhibited osteoclast formation caused by the differentiation factor RANKL(receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand)and macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF). The RANKL-stimulated induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells(NFAT) c1 was also abrogated by Na F. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Na F inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by reducing the induction of NFATc1, ultimately leading to the suppressed expression of cathepsin K and MMP9.The in vivo effect of Na F on the inhibition of P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis strengthens the potential usefulness of Na F for treating periodontal diseases.
文摘To evaluate the treatment results of bilateral alveolar bone grafting (BABG) in patients with bilateral complete clefts of lip and palate. [WT5”BX] Methods.[WT5”BZ] A retrospective study was performed in 66 bilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients who received the procedure of BABG, among them 15 were primary BABG and 51 were secondary BABG. The patients were further divided into three groups according to age and eruption stage of the canine at the time of surgery. The result of BABG was evaluated on the radiographs. [WT5”BX] Results.[WT5”BZ] (1)The overall success rate of BABG was 75 0%, with 83 3% and 72 5% for primary and secondary BABG respectively; (2)The marginal bone level was found to be significantly higher in the youngest age group than in the other groups both for primary and secondary BABG; (3)For both primary and secondary BABG, Group C (patients’ age more than 16 years) had the least optimal success rate, with 66 7% and 65 4% respectively. [WT5”BX] Conclusion.[WT5”BZ] Simultaneous primary palate repair and BABG is safe and feasible procedure for treating unoperated bilateral complete cleft lip and cleft palate patients. For both primary and secondary BABG, significantly better results can be achieved if the operation is performed before eruption of the canine.
文摘Objective: Conservative restoration principles that accurately reduce plaque accumulation are the goals of restorative dentistry. Correct and perfect restoration has an important effect on health of periodontious tissues. This study was done to compare the methods of oral hygiene, over hanged removal and restoration changing on periodontal health and alveolar bone height of restored mandible molars with proximal over hanged amalgam. Materials and Methods: All patients with over hanged amalgam restoration were randomly divided into three groups. In order to survey the effect of over hanged removal on gingival and bleeding indices and alveolar bone height adjacent to mandible molar teeth, these indices were determined according to recurrent radio-graphical early signs of alveolar bone loss during three months. Sixty patients, 20 in each group, were studied. In the group I, overhang was removed with ultrasonic scale or bur and oral hygiene methods as usual were continued. In the group II, over-hang was left, but plaque controls as the prophylaxis and flossing were done. In the group III, restoration was changed and oral hygiene was done as usual. Plaque index and bleeding index were measured at the beginning of study and three months later. Findings: Statistical analysis of studied indices at the beginning and three months after treatment using paired test has shown significant differences in gingival inflammation, in all groups. Statistical analysis of indices using Tukey HSD test has also shown significant differences in decreasing gingival inflammation measure when the over hanged restoration was removed. While there is no difference between the other two groups. Conclusion: The results showed that plaque control causes subsidence of gingival inflammation and increasing of alveolar bone support, and it is more effective when the over hanged restoration is changed.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2400500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2001221 and 32161160327)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20200109114620793 and JSGGKQTD20210831174330015)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B 1515120048 and 2023A1515011727).
文摘The regeneration of alveolar bone is still clinical challenge,particularly accompanied with diabetes,causing metabolic disorder with a protracted low-grade inflammatory phenotype.As a result,the anticipated loading of biomaterials is highly suspicious in spontaneous modulation of cells function,which is mostly disturbed by constant inflammation.In this study,we developed glucose and hydrogen peroxide dual-responsive borosilicate glass(BSG)scaffolds loaded with epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)to synergistically modulate the abnormal inflammation of diabetic alveolar bone defects.It was found that the release of EGCG by BSG could directly regulate the shift of macrophages from M1 to the M2 phenotype by promoting autophagy and lessening the inhibition of autophagic flux.Moreover,EGCG can also indirectly regulate the polarization phenotype of macrophages by reducing the activation of NF-κb in stem cells and restoring its immunoregulatory capacity.Therefore,the addition of EGCG to BSG scaffold in diabetes allows for a more striking modulation of the macrophage phenotype in a timely manner.The altered macrophage phenotype reduces local inflammation and thus increases the ability to repair diabetic alveolar bone,showing promise for the treatment of alveolar defect in diabetic patients.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173131,51773113).
文摘The regeneration of alveolar bone after tooth extraction is critical for the placement of dental implants.Developing a rigid porous scaffold with defect shape adaptability is of great importance but challenging for alveolar bone regeneration.Herein,we design and synthesize a biocompatible poly(L-glutamic acid)-g-poly(ε-caprolactone)(PLGA-g-PCL)porous shape memory(SM)polymer.The PLGA-g-PCL is then copolymerized with acryloyl chloride grafted poly(ω-pentadecalactone)(PPDLDA)having a higher phase transition temperature than shape recovery temperature to maintain stiffness after shape recovery to resist chewing force.The hybrid pol-ydopamine/silver/hydroxyapatite(PDA/Ag/HA)is coated to the surface of(PLGA-g-PCL)-PPDL scaffold to afford the anti-bacterial activity.The porous SM scaffold can be deformed into a compact size and administered into the socket cavity in a minimally invasive mode,and recover its original shape with a high stiffness at body tem-perature,fitting well in the socket defect.The SM scaffold exhibits robust antibacterial activity against Staphy-lococcus aureus(S.aureus).The porous microstructure and cytocompatibility of PLGA allow for the ingrowth and proliferation of stem cells,thus facilitating osteogenic differentiation.The micro-CT and histological analyses demonstrate that the scaffold boosts efficient new bone regeneration in the socket of rabbit mandibular first premolar.This porous shape memory self-adaptive stiffened polymer opens up a new avenue for alveolar bone regeneration.
基金This work was partially supported by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAKNo. 117M281).
文摘While periodontal (PD) disease is among principal causes of tooth loss worldwide, regulation of concomitant soft and mineralized PD tissues, and PD pathogenesis have not been completely clarified yet. Besides, relevant pre-clinical models and in vitro platforms have limitations in simulating human physiology. Here, we have harnessed three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) technology for developing a multi-cellular microtissue model resembling PD ligament-alveolar bone (PDL-AB) biointerface for the first time. 3DBP parameters were optimized;the physical, chemical, rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the constructs were assessed. Constructs containing gelatin methacryloyl (Gel-MA) and hydroxyapatite-magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles showed higher level of compressive strength when compared with that of Gel-MA constructs. Bioprinted self-supporting microtissue was cultured under flow in a microfluidic platform for >10 days without significant loss of shape fidelity. Confocal microscopy analysis indicated that encapsulated cells were homogenously distributed inside the matrix and preserved their viability for >7 days under microfluidic conditions. Immunofluorescence analysis showed the cohesion of stromal cell surface marker-1+ human PDL fibroblasts containing PDL layer with the osteocalcin+ human osteoblasts containing mineralized layer in time, demonstrating some permeability of the printed constructs to cell migration. Preliminary tetracycline interaction study indicated the uptake of model drug by the cells inside the 3D-microtissue. Also, the non-toxic levels of tetracycline were determined for the encapsulated cells. Thus, the effects of tetracyclines on PDL-AB have clinical significance for treating PD diseases. This 3D-bioprinted multi-cellular periodontal/osteoblastic microtissue model has potential as an in vitro platform for studying processes of the human PDL.
基金Project supported by the Shandong Science and Technology Planning Project Contract Research (Nos. 2008GG30002019 and 2008GG 30001001) of Chinathe Shandong University Dental School Project Research (Nos. P2009009,P2009010,and P2010010),China
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate three-dimensional(3D) dehiscence of upper anterior alveolar bone during incisor retraction and intrusion in adult patients with maximum anchorage.Methods:Twenty adult patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion had the four first premolars extracted.Miniscrews were placed to provide maximum anchorage for upper incisor retraction and intrusion.A computed tomography(CT) scan was performed after placement of the miniscrews and treatment.The 3D reconstructions of pre-and post-CT data were used to assess the dehiscence of upper anterior alveolar bone.Results:The amounts of upper incisor retraction at the edge and apex were(7.64±1.68) and(3.91±2.10) mm,respectively,and(1.34±0.74) mm of upper central incisor intrusion.Upper alveolar bone height losses at labial alveolar ridge crest(LAC) and palatal alveolar ridge crest(PAC) were 0.543 and 2.612 mm,respectively,and the percentages were(6.49±3.54)% and(27.42±9.77)%,respectively.The shape deformations of LAC-labial cortex bending point(LBP) and PAC-palatal cortex bending point(PBP) were(15.37±5.20)° and(6.43±3.27)°,respectively.Conclusions:Thus,for adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion,mechanobiological response of anterior alveolus should be taken into account during incisor retraction and intrusion.Pursuit of maximum anchorage might lead to upper anterior alveolar bone loss.
文摘Introduction: Iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) is commonly used as a high-quality reconstruction material;however, PCBM cannot be extracted in sufficient amounts to meet demand. To determine the appropriate amount of iliac PCBM to be collected, we used digital technology to measure the volume required for jaw reconstruction before surgery. Clinical Case: The patient, a 23-year-old man, underwent surgery for a calcifying odontogenic cyst. A maxillary cyst occupied the left anterior-premolar region (tooth 21 - 25) and the deciduous canine remained;a permanent canine was included in the cyst. We planned to preserve the teeth except for the impacted canine, completely excise the maxillary cyst, and preserve the alveolar ridge morphology. Preoperative digital imaging was used to determine the amount of alveolar ridge reconstruction required and accordingly determine the amount of iliac cancellous bone to be harvested. We used a titanium mesh tray and grafts of iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow to reconstruct the alveolar ridge. The amount of iliac cancellous bone that needed to be collected was clarified and the supply amount could be collected in just the right amount;thus, the cortical bone of the iliac inner plate could be preserved. The alveolar bone morphology was reconstructed to allow the placement of dental implants as per the preoperative digital surgery. Three years after the operation, no sign of recurrence has been observed. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery was performed by clarifying the amount of iliac cancellous bone graft that needs to be harvested, which improved the accuracy of surgery.
