Foreword ISO(the International Organization for Standardization)is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies).The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through I...Foreword ISO(the International Organization for Standardization)is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies).The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees.Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.展开更多
The adhesion of coatings to wood is important for their long-term performance.In this study,the adhesion strength of water-based acrylate coatings used for wooden windows after exposure to artificial weathering(AW)and...The adhesion of coatings to wood is important for their long-term performance.In this study,the adhesion strength of water-based acrylate coatings used for wooden windows after exposure to artificial weathering(AW)and temperature cycling(TC)was investigated.The analysis of the adhesion quality of coatings was performed via a pull-off test and failure characteristics.The 3-layered and 4-layered white and brown acrylate dispersions from six different producers were compared and the effect of coating thickness on adhesion strength was investigated.The adhesion strength values proved to be very variable.After AW,the adhesion strength and its variability increased for all the samples.TC had no statistically significant effect on the adhesion strength values.White coating systems were initially characterized by lower adhesion strength,but after AW and TC,they reached higher adhesion strength values than brown ones.The overall highest adhesion after AW and TC was recorded for the coatings based on alkyd-acrylate hybrid basis(Producer 3),while the lowest adhesion variability after AW was measured for one type of tested acrylate coating(Producer 4).The effect of different layering on adhesion strength was not demonstrated in this study.展开更多
The scientific foundation of artificial weather modification is rneso- and small-scale dynamics and cloud-precipitation microphysics. Artificial weather modification requires the realistic coupling of weather patterns...The scientific foundation of artificial weather modification is rneso- and small-scale dynamics and cloud-precipitation microphysics. Artificial weather modification requires the realistic coupling of weather patterns, dynamical pro- cesses, and microphysical processes. Now that numerical models with weather dynamical characteristics have been widely applied to artificial weather modification, several key points that should not be neglected when developing numerical models for artificial weather modification are proposed in this paper, including the dynamical equations, model resolution, cloud-precipitation microphysical processes, numerical computation method, and initial and boundary conditions. Based on several examples, approaches are offered to deal with the problems that exist in these areas.展开更多
文摘Foreword ISO(the International Organization for Standardization)is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies).The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees.Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
基金financial support of the University Internal Grant Agency of the Czech University of Life Sciences,Prague,Project CIGA No.20174304“Design of coating system and modification of artificial weathering test procedures applied on selected wood species”and project“Advanced research supporting the forestrywood-processing sector’s adaptation to global change and the 4th industrial revolution,”No.CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000803 financed by OP RDE.
文摘The adhesion of coatings to wood is important for their long-term performance.In this study,the adhesion strength of water-based acrylate coatings used for wooden windows after exposure to artificial weathering(AW)and temperature cycling(TC)was investigated.The analysis of the adhesion quality of coatings was performed via a pull-off test and failure characteristics.The 3-layered and 4-layered white and brown acrylate dispersions from six different producers were compared and the effect of coating thickness on adhesion strength was investigated.The adhesion strength values proved to be very variable.After AW,the adhesion strength and its variability increased for all the samples.TC had no statistically significant effect on the adhesion strength values.White coating systems were initially characterized by lower adhesion strength,but after AW and TC,they reached higher adhesion strength values than brown ones.The overall highest adhesion after AW and TC was recorded for the coatings based on alkyd-acrylate hybrid basis(Producer 3),while the lowest adhesion variability after AW was measured for one type of tested acrylate coating(Producer 4).The effect of different layering on adhesion strength was not demonstrated in this study.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41405006)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201406003 and GYHY201506002)Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(2014R016 and 2015Z003)
文摘The scientific foundation of artificial weather modification is rneso- and small-scale dynamics and cloud-precipitation microphysics. Artificial weather modification requires the realistic coupling of weather patterns, dynamical pro- cesses, and microphysical processes. Now that numerical models with weather dynamical characteristics have been widely applied to artificial weather modification, several key points that should not be neglected when developing numerical models for artificial weather modification are proposed in this paper, including the dynamical equations, model resolution, cloud-precipitation microphysical processes, numerical computation method, and initial and boundary conditions. Based on several examples, approaches are offered to deal with the problems that exist in these areas.
