[Objective]The study aimed at treating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent by using bio-film reactor with filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier. [Method]With the aid of a continuous flow reactor,a bio-film reactor ...[Objective]The study aimed at treating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent by using bio-film reactor with filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier. [Method]With the aid of a continuous flow reactor,a bio-film reactor using filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier was used to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio,and the removal effects of COD_(Cr) ,TN (total nitrogen) ,and NO_3^(-)-N in the wastewater were analyzed. [Result] The average removal rates of COD_(Cr) ,TN,and NO_3^(-)-N reached 47. 7%,23. 6% and 34. 5% when the C/N ratio of influent was around 2. In addition,a stable bio-film was formed very well in the secondary effluent with low C/N ratio and hardly degradable organic pollutants. The pollutants could be removed effectively because of the excellent surface characteristics and compositions of filamentous bamboo. [Conclusion]The research provides a new method to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio.展开更多
The in vivo bioavailability of soy protein isolates and corn zein film material before and after film formation by heat/ pressure was determined. The In vitro digestibility of corn zein before and after film formation...The in vivo bioavailability of soy protein isolates and corn zein film material before and after film formation by heat/ pressure was determined. The In vitro digestibility of corn zein before and after film formation was also measured. Films were produced from anhydrous protein with 30% glycerol added using a heat-press method with no use of casting solvents or cross-linking agents. Corn zein raw and film material were ground under liquid nitrogen then digested in two enzyme-acid cocktails with free amino acid analysis before and after digestion. The protein efficiency ratio and net protein ratio were determined for both zein and soy protein using a weanling Sprague-Dawley descended rat feeding study. The In vitro digestibility study indicated that the non-heat pressed corn zein was more digestible than the heat pressed zein. However, the in vivo results indicated that corn and soy protein were equally bioavailable whether they were derived from film mixture prior to or after film formation. Both corn zein and soy protein material had lower protein efficiency ratio than the control diet. Furthermore, soy protein films materials had a higher protein efficiency ratio than corn zein.展开更多
In the present work,transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films were prepared on glass substrates using a novel developed process.The process entails a simple in-situ sol–gel followed by vapor phase transport.The i...In the present work,transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films were prepared on glass substrates using a novel developed process.The process entails a simple in-situ sol–gel followed by vapor phase transport.The in-situ sol–gel process was implemented by coating the precursor sols for the synthesis of AlPO4-5 on the glass substrates successively using the spin-coating method.The films and powders scribed from the films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscope(AFM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The unique films were composed of oblique oriented nanoflake AlPO_(4)-5 crystals with the thickness of about 20 nm.The formation of nano-flake crystals can be ascribed to the high concentration of the precursors,resulting in the formation of a supersaturation system.The obtained films showed high antifogging performance due to the superhydrophilicity with a water contact angle of lower than 1.0°.The silicone oil contact angle was also low about 8.2°.In addition,heteroatom-substituted AlPO_(4)-5 films showing different colors can be obtained easily by simply adding transition metal ions in the phosphate acid solution during the preparation that can extend the application of the method for different coating demand.展开更多
In this study, we have explored the ways to fabricate and optimize high-quality ultrathin YBa2 Cu3 O7-δ(YBCO) films grown on single-crystal(001) SrTiO3 substrates. Nearly atomic-flat YBCO films are obtained by pulsed...In this study, we have explored the ways to fabricate and optimize high-quality ultrathin YBa2 Cu3 O7-δ(YBCO) films grown on single-crystal(001) SrTiO3 substrates. Nearly atomic-flat YBCO films are obtained by pulsed laser deposition.Our result shows that the termination of SrTiO3 has only a negligible effect on the properties of YBCO. In contrast, we found that capping a non-superconducting oxide layer can generally enhance the superconductivity of YBCO. PrBa2 Cu3 O7,La2 CuO4, LaMnO3, SrTiO3, and LaAlO3 have been examined as capping layers, and the minimum thickness of superconducting YBCO with capping is ~ 2 unit cells–3 unit cells. This result might be useful in constructing good-performance YBCO-based field effect devices.展开更多
A new kind of bio-fluid bed used to treat dyes wastewater is described in detail due to its several special features,such as high removal efficiency,simple struc-ture,shock load resistance,etc.By means of analyzing th...A new kind of bio-fluid bed used to treat dyes wastewater is described in detail due to its several special features,such as high removal efficiency,simple struc-ture,shock load resistance,etc.By means of analyzing the experiment data,the results show that the dye wastewater’s organic matter is removed greatly after be-ing treated by this new kind of bio-fluid bed.On the other hand,the removal efficiency of chromaticity of展开更多
Microstructural change of YBaCuO film/YSZ substrate with and without proton irradiation has been studied by scanning electron microscope and X- ray diffraction techniques. Structural analysis has shown that conversion...Microstructural change of YBaCuO film/YSZ substrate with and without proton irradiation has been studied by scanning electron microscope and X- ray diffraction techniques. Structural analysis has shown that conversion from tetragonal to orthorhombic phases, reduction of nonsuperconducting phase and preferential rearrangement of crystal grains are all favorable to the improvement of superconductivity in the YBaCuO film supported by YSZ substrate by proton beam bombardment.展开更多
Poly （β-carboxyethylmethylsiloxane）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> and poly （β-alkoxylethylmethylsiloxane）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> crosslinked fllms have been prepared. The ionic conductivity of the films d...Poly （β-carboxyethylmethylsiloxane）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> and poly （β-alkoxylethylmethylsiloxane）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> crosslinked fllms have been prepared. The ionic conductivity of the films depends on the polymer species, concentration of lithium perchlorate, temperature and content of crosslinking agent. The effect of high polar organic solvent 1, 4-butyrolactone on the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of poly （β-carhoxyethylmethylsiloxane ）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> system was also investignied.展开更多
Based on the experimental data,this study investigated the effect of sand content of muddy water on water and nitrogen transport characteristics of the single-line interference infiltration under film hole irrigation ...Based on the experimental data,this study investigated the effect of sand content of muddy water on water and nitrogen transport characteristics of the single-line interference infiltration under film hole irrigation with muddy water and fertilizer.The relationship between the single-line interference infiltration parameters,the sand content,the wetting front movement distances,and the sand content were all established.The model of the cumulative infiltration volume of per unit film pore area,the vertical and horizontal wetting front movement distance of the free surface,and the wetting front movement distance of the interference center with sand content and infiltration time were proposed.Reveal the law of the change of soil water content and the distribution of NO_(3)^(-)-N content based on different muddy water sand content.The results indicate that at the same infiltration time,as the muddy water sand content increases,the cumulative infiltration volume per unit pore area decreases.The infiltration index of the free infiltration and the single-line interference vary little when the sand content increases,mainly are around 0.64 and 0.58.The relationship between infiltration parameters a,b and the sand content is linear function.At the same location,the more the sand content,the smaller the wetting front movement distance in free surface and the single-line interference surface,the less the NO_(3)^(-)-N content.展开更多
Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of ...Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.展开更多
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for Postgraduates of ZhengZhou University (A1003) Open Foundation of Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Material and Environmental Engineering (K11027)
文摘[Objective]The study aimed at treating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent by using bio-film reactor with filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier. [Method]With the aid of a continuous flow reactor,a bio-film reactor using filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier was used to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio,and the removal effects of COD_(Cr) ,TN (total nitrogen) ,and NO_3^(-)-N in the wastewater were analyzed. [Result] The average removal rates of COD_(Cr) ,TN,and NO_3^(-)-N reached 47. 7%,23. 6% and 34. 5% when the C/N ratio of influent was around 2. In addition,a stable bio-film was formed very well in the secondary effluent with low C/N ratio and hardly degradable organic pollutants. The pollutants could be removed effectively because of the excellent surface characteristics and compositions of filamentous bamboo. [Conclusion]The research provides a new method to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio.
文摘The in vivo bioavailability of soy protein isolates and corn zein film material before and after film formation by heat/ pressure was determined. The In vitro digestibility of corn zein before and after film formation was also measured. Films were produced from anhydrous protein with 30% glycerol added using a heat-press method with no use of casting solvents or cross-linking agents. Corn zein raw and film material were ground under liquid nitrogen then digested in two enzyme-acid cocktails with free amino acid analysis before and after digestion. The protein efficiency ratio and net protein ratio were determined for both zein and soy protein using a weanling Sprague-Dawley descended rat feeding study. The In vitro digestibility study indicated that the non-heat pressed corn zein was more digestible than the heat pressed zein. However, the in vivo results indicated that corn and soy protein were equally bioavailable whether they were derived from film mixture prior to or after film formation. Both corn zein and soy protein material had lower protein efficiency ratio than the control diet. Furthermore, soy protein films materials had a higher protein efficiency ratio than corn zein.
基金financial support from the Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province(16KJA430007)Opening Topic of Key Laboratory of Attapulgite Resources Utilization in Jiangsu Province(HPK201804)Opening Topic of National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Utilization of Mineral and Salt Resources(SF201804)。
文摘In the present work,transparent and anti-fogging AlPO_(4)-5 films were prepared on glass substrates using a novel developed process.The process entails a simple in-situ sol–gel followed by vapor phase transport.The in-situ sol–gel process was implemented by coating the precursor sols for the synthesis of AlPO4-5 on the glass substrates successively using the spin-coating method.The films and powders scribed from the films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscope(AFM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope(TEM).The unique films were composed of oblique oriented nanoflake AlPO_(4)-5 crystals with the thickness of about 20 nm.The formation of nano-flake crystals can be ascribed to the high concentration of the precursors,resulting in the formation of a supersaturation system.The obtained films showed high antifogging performance due to the superhydrophilicity with a water contact angle of lower than 1.0°.The silicone oil contact angle was also low about 8.2°.In addition,heteroatom-substituted AlPO_(4)-5 films showing different colors can be obtained easily by simply adding transition metal ions in the phosphate acid solution during the preparation that can extend the application of the method for different coating demand.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grants Nos.2017YFA0303002and 2016YFA0300204)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘In this study, we have explored the ways to fabricate and optimize high-quality ultrathin YBa2 Cu3 O7-δ(YBCO) films grown on single-crystal(001) SrTiO3 substrates. Nearly atomic-flat YBCO films are obtained by pulsed laser deposition.Our result shows that the termination of SrTiO3 has only a negligible effect on the properties of YBCO. In contrast, we found that capping a non-superconducting oxide layer can generally enhance the superconductivity of YBCO. PrBa2 Cu3 O7,La2 CuO4, LaMnO3, SrTiO3, and LaAlO3 have been examined as capping layers, and the minimum thickness of superconducting YBCO with capping is ~ 2 unit cells–3 unit cells. This result might be useful in constructing good-performance YBCO-based field effect devices.
文摘A new kind of bio-fluid bed used to treat dyes wastewater is described in detail due to its several special features,such as high removal efficiency,simple struc-ture,shock load resistance,etc.By means of analyzing the experiment data,the results show that the dye wastewater’s organic matter is removed greatly after be-ing treated by this new kind of bio-fluid bed.On the other hand,the removal efficiency of chromaticity of
文摘Microstructural change of YBaCuO film/YSZ substrate with and without proton irradiation has been studied by scanning electron microscope and X- ray diffraction techniques. Structural analysis has shown that conversion from tetragonal to orthorhombic phases, reduction of nonsuperconducting phase and preferential rearrangement of crystal grains are all favorable to the improvement of superconductivity in the YBaCuO film supported by YSZ substrate by proton beam bombardment.
文摘Poly （β-carboxyethylmethylsiloxane）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> and poly （β-alkoxylethylmethylsiloxane）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> crosslinked fllms have been prepared. The ionic conductivity of the films depends on the polymer species, concentration of lithium perchlorate, temperature and content of crosslinking agent. The effect of high polar organic solvent 1, 4-butyrolactone on the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of poly （β-carhoxyethylmethylsiloxane ）-LiClO<sub>4</sub> system was also investignied.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFC0400204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51479161,51279157,51779205)。
文摘Based on the experimental data,this study investigated the effect of sand content of muddy water on water and nitrogen transport characteristics of the single-line interference infiltration under film hole irrigation with muddy water and fertilizer.The relationship between the single-line interference infiltration parameters,the sand content,the wetting front movement distances,and the sand content were all established.The model of the cumulative infiltration volume of per unit film pore area,the vertical and horizontal wetting front movement distance of the free surface,and the wetting front movement distance of the interference center with sand content and infiltration time were proposed.Reveal the law of the change of soil water content and the distribution of NO_(3)^(-)-N content based on different muddy water sand content.The results indicate that at the same infiltration time,as the muddy water sand content increases,the cumulative infiltration volume per unit pore area decreases.The infiltration index of the free infiltration and the single-line interference vary little when the sand content increases,mainly are around 0.64 and 0.58.The relationship between infiltration parameters a,b and the sand content is linear function.At the same location,the more the sand content,the smaller the wetting front movement distance in free surface and the single-line interference surface,the less the NO_(3)^(-)-N content.
文摘[目的]研究了停留时间对植物-生物膜氧化沟净化污水的影响,为植物-生物膜氧化沟的应用提供理论依据。[方法]3套植物-生物膜氧化沟系统中,系统1采用4 h停留时间,系统2采用8 h停留时间,系统3采用12 h停留时间。[结果]试验表明,该植物-生物膜氧化沟系统出水COD、NH4+-N、SS等的浓度分别在60、25和30 mg/L以下,均达到国家城镇二级污水处理厂排放标准;各污染物的去除随着停留时间的延长而提高。[结论]在CODS、S的去除上,12 h HRT和8 h HRT之间差异不显著,但为了加强脱氮除磷,建议采用12h水力停留时间。
文摘Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.
