Light is an essential environmental cue influencing the endogenous circadian clocks that regulate behavioral and physiological processes in animals.Despite extensive research on the circadian rhythms of avian behavior...Light is an essential environmental cue influencing the endogenous circadian clocks that regulate behavioral and physiological processes in animals.Despite extensive research on the circadian rhythms of avian behavior and physiology,the mechanisms by which they adapt and adjust to abnormal photoperiod conditions,such as artificial light,have yet to be fully elucidated.Here,the circadian rhythms of the body mass,activity,and core and peripheral body temperatures of the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus,ETS)-a diurnal passerine-were examined under three different lighting conditions:constant light(LL),constant darkness(DD),and normal light-dark cycles(LD).Our results showed that the activity,body mass,core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures of the ETSs varied significantly with treatment,time,and the interaction between treatment and time;however,there was no significant change in body mass in response to the interaction between time and treatment.Under LD conditions,the ETSs exhibited significant circadian rhythms in activity and core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures.Under LL conditions,only the core temperature exhibited significant rhythmicity.Under DD conditions,there were no significant circadian rhythms in activity,body mass,and eye temperature;however,the core and tarsometatarsus temperatures remained rhythmic.Our results indicate that the core body temperature rhythm of ETS is endogenous and can be maintained under abnormal photoperiods.In contrast,the activity and body surface temperature,uncoupled from the core body temperature under abnormal photoperiod conditions,strongly depend on light.These results differ from those of other diurnal avian species,suggesting a unique coping mechanism of ETS in response to an abnormal photoperiod.展开更多
PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) is a widely used index for evaluating the thermal environment.However,few studies have been conducted to take physiological values directly as evaluating indices.This paper assumes a linear re...PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) is a widely used index for evaluating the thermal environment.However,few studies have been conducted to take physiological values directly as evaluating indices.This paper assumes a linear relation between body temperature and both sweating rate and heat produced by shivering,and introduces the linear relation into the human heat balance equation to revise the classic PMV.And the assumption of linear relation is subsequently proved.The revised PMV possesses the same characteristic of dependent heat load as that of the classic one,and moreover it is convenient to be calculated.展开更多
We studied the efficiency of acupuncture for patients who were unable to give birth though they had experienced conventional infertility treatment for more than 2 years by medical specialists. We then investigated cha...We studied the efficiency of acupuncture for patients who were unable to give birth though they had experienced conventional infertility treatment for more than 2 years by medical specialists. We then investigated characteristics of difficult pregnancy cases with measurement of body temperature and observation of basal body temperature (BBT) charts. Thirty-three patients had acupuncture every week for more than 2 years and 17 of them delivered. At the same time, their cutaneous body temperature was measured at five locations. Moreover, patients and acupuncturists had a weekly discussion of the patient’s BBT chart. The delivery group showed more balanced and higher cutaneous body temperatures than the miscarriage and no pregnancy groups. The delivery group showed a smooth increase in the BBT chart while the miscarriage group showed a specific pattern in shifting temperatures from low to high zones. Acupuncture might suppress excess sympathetic dominance, which induced hyperthermia as well as interruption of pregnancy. Additionally, weekly discussion and medical advice could help patients. However, further study of males, healthy women, or larger, comparative studies exploring the social and cultural background of other countries were needed to add support to these factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND: At present, suppurative meningitis is mainly treated through anti-infection with antibiotics, depressing encephalic pressure with mannitol , lowering body temperature with drugs , supporting treatment, etc...BACKGROUND: At present, suppurative meningitis is mainly treated through anti-infection with antibiotics, depressing encephalic pressure with mannitol , lowering body temperature with drugs , supporting treatment, etc. However, it takes a long course of treatment and has poor therapeutic effect. Successive irrigation of subarachnoid cavity maybe have better effect on suppurative meningitis. OBJECTIVE: We compared the successive irrigation of subbarachnoid cavity with routine therapeutic methods to observe the effect of successive irrigation of subarachnoid cavity on the body temperature, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cell and the level of protein of suppurative meningitis dogs. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment. SETTING: Institute of Neuroscience, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Yunyang Medical College. MATERIALS: Totally 17 healthy adult male Beagle dogs, of common grade, weighing 9 to 10 kg, were involved in the experiment, and raised in the 20 ℃ temperature with relative humidity of 50% for 1 week. They were randomized into 3 groups: normal group (n=5), control group (n=5) and irrigation group (n=6). Artificial cerebrospinal fluid was prepared according to the level of glucose and chloride of cerebrospinal fluid of normal dogs, and then it was sterilized with high pressure. METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the experimental animal center of Yunyang Medical College from April to August 2001. ① After the dogs were anesthetized,1 mL fresh staphylococcus aureus liquid [(1.5-1.6)×109 L-1] was injected into medullary cistern to establish suppurative meningitis models. ② After models were successfully established, intravenous drip infusion of 1.2 ×106 U/(kg·d), muscular injection of sulfadiazine sodium of 100 mg/(kg·d)and intravenous injection of 200 g/L mannitol of 5 g/(kg·time) for 3 times a day were performed in the control group. The irrigation of subarachnoid meningitis was conducted in the irrigation group besides the routine treatments in the control group: Artificial cerebrospinal fluid was successively injected into the epidural catheter in the waist part. The mixtures of artificial cerebrospinal fluid and inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid flowed out incessantly from epidural catheter of medullary cistern. Irrigation was ended 48 hours later. Dogs were routinely raised in the control group. ③ From the first day after being modeled to the 14th day after treatment, the rectal temperatures were daily measured in the morning, at noon and in the evening respectively, then the mean temperatures were calculated . From the 2nd day after being modeled to the 14th day after treatment, puncture at waist was given once, and the cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cells and the level of protein were measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The body temperature, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cells and the level of protein were measured on suppurative meningitis model dogs. RESULTS: Totally 17 Beagle dogs were involved in this study. ①The body temperatures of dogs were significantly reduced in the control group and in irrigation group on the 1st day after treatment and lower than suppurative meningitis model dogs on the 2nd day after being modeled (P < 0.05). The body temperatures were gradually decreased in control group from the 2nd day after being modeled to the 14th day after treatment (P < 0.01), but were significantly higher than those of dogs in normal group on the 14th day after treatment (P < 0.05). The body temperatures of dogs were gradually decreased in irrigation group on the 2nd day or 3rd day after treatment (P < 0.01) and then were close to the normal body temperature on the 14th day after treatment. ②There was the same cerebrospinal fluid pressure in control group as in irrigation group on the 2nd day after being modeled (P > 0.05), but significantly decreased in two groups from the 1st day or 2nd day after treatment (P < 0.01), and cerebrospinal fluid pressure was close to the normal level in irrigation group. Although the cerebrospinal fluid pressure raised a little on the 3rd day or 4th day after treatment in the irrigation group (P < 0.05), but recovered to the normal level on the 9th day after treatment again. It decreased slowly in the control group and still was significantly higher than normal group on the 14th day after treatment (P < 0.01). ③No significant difference existed in number of white blood cell and the level of protein between control group and irrigation group on the 2nd day following modeled. Both of them began to significantly decrease on the 1st and 2nd day after treatment (P < 0.01). Although the number of white blood cell and the level of protein rebounded a little in irrigation group 3 or 4 days after treatment (P < 0.05), they were gradually decreased and recovered to normal levels on the 13th day after treatment. The number of white blood cell and the level of protein slowly decreased in the control group compared with irrigation group and were still significantly higher than normal group on the 14th day (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Irrigation of subarachnoid cavity can decrease the body temperature, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cells and the level of protein at early stage of suppurative meningitis , and the therapeutic effect is better than that of routine treatment.展开更多
Core body temperature(CBT)is increasingly attracting attention as crucial data during target temperature management(TTM).Accurate and continuous measurement of human CBT can effectively identify and monitor central hi...Core body temperature(CBT)is increasingly attracting attention as crucial data during target temperature management(TTM).Accurate and continuous measurement of human CBT can effectively identify and monitor central high fever,and provide a basis for the effective implementation during TTM,which is therefore of great significance for human health care and disease monitoring.The reliable core measurement sites are nasopharynx,esophagus,bladder,rectum,pulmonary artery,etc.,but the measurement methods in these sites are all invasive.At present,the medical field is more inclined to noninvasive data collection methods through monitoring an appropriate site(such as forehead,mouth,or axilla)depending on clinical circumstances,so as to ensure the comfort and security of patients to the greatest extent.This review will provide reference choosing more safe and accurate temperature measurement methods for patients during TTM by reviewing the sites and accuracy of invasive and noninvasive CBT measurements.展开更多
In comparison to a carbohydrate-rich breakfast, a nutritionally balanced breakfast reportedly leads to a higher core body temperature because of diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) and also results in higher task perform...In comparison to a carbohydrate-rich breakfast, a nutritionally balanced breakfast reportedly leads to a higher core body temperature because of diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) and also results in higher task performance. This study aimed to examine the relationships among the core body temperature, blood glucose level, cerebral blood flow, and cognitive performance when the core body temperature is raised to a similar extent as in DIT in the morning. This crossover study included 18 male participants who performed four sets of cognitive tests in the morning with four different foot baths and glucose intake conditions. In elevated body temperature (EBT) conditions, the core body temperature was increased by a foot bath at 42˚C or 39˚C, while in low body temperature (LBT) conditions, it was maintained at 35˚C by a foot bath;the participants received no glucose or two intakes of 20-g glucose for each thermal condition. In addition to the core body temperature measurement, the cerebral blood flow in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. Three blood collections were performed to measure the changes in blood glucose levels. The results revealed that in the EBT conditions, the core body temperature remained 0.3˚C - 0.5˚C higher than that at wake-up time, while the glucose intake conditions increased blood glucose levels which remained higher than those during fasting. No significant between-treatment difference was observed in the results of cognitive tests. However, the blood flow in the DLPFC increased during the second test period in the EBT/glucose and LBT/glucose conditions, whereas during the fourth test period, it increased solely in the EBT/glucose condition. Thus, in addition to the blood glucose level, an elevated core body temperature within the physiological range may be needed for long-term maintenance of the cerebral blood flow response.展开更多
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia has had a great impact on the life safety of our people and social production activities.Therefore,it is very important and meaningful to analyze the application value o...The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia has had a great impact on the life safety of our people and social production activities.Therefore,it is very important and meaningful to analyze the application value of infrared forehead thermometers in body temperature screening under the new crown pneumonia epidemic and propose improved measures for body temperature detection.This paper summarizes the questionnaire on the application value of infrared forehead thermometer in body temperature screening and the results of staff interviews,and analyzes the principle of infrared forehead thermometer temperature measurement to explain the factors that affect the accuracy of temperature measurement results.Finally,it is concluded that the reflected radiation of the environment and the temperature measurement distance affect the accuracy of the temperature measurement results of the infrared forehead gun.展开更多
Objective:To make and study computed system for external cardiac massage,monitor of heart and body temperature and observe its clinical effect.Method:The system was made and applied.Result:The effect of system was obv...Objective:To make and study computed system for external cardiac massage,monitor of heart and body temperature and observe its clinical effect.Method:The system was made and applied.Result:The effect of system was obvious.Conclusion: The system was an effective clinical equipment in treatment of patient with cardiac arrest.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the effect of tumescent infiltration solution temperature on core body temperatureafter liposuction.Methods 15 healthy female subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive tumescent inf...Objective To evaluate the effect of tumescent infiltration solution temperature on core body temperatureafter liposuction.Methods 15 healthy female subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive tumescent infiltration展开更多
Traditional environmental control methods for poultry housing which rely solely on environmental factors fall short in meeting thermal and physiological needs of the animals.New methods are needed that factor in the p...Traditional environmental control methods for poultry housing which rely solely on environmental factors fall short in meeting thermal and physiological needs of the animals.New methods are needed that factor in the physiological needs and responses of the animals in order to maximize well-being of the animals and minimize heat stress.Deep body temperature(DBT)has been shown in the literature to be a strong indicator of heat stress,therefore studies are needed that help us gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between this variable and environmental conditions.The aim of this study was to identify the order of the dynamic response of poultry DBT to large step changes in ambient temperature(AT).Temperature steps had to be big enough to take the chickens out of their homeothermic zone.A total of 46 DBT/AT data sets with 23 upward AT steps and 23 downward AT steps were obtained using a biotelemetry system,and involving three chickens.DBT responses of individual chickens to step changes in AT were found to have a 0.88 average Pearson correlation suggesting consistency in chickens’responses to the same stimuli(p<0.0005).The data indicated that DBT responses to AT followed a first order behavior in most cases with an average time constant of 1.6 h,and the curve fitting method was used to validate this observation.There was a 0.88 average correlation between DBT model and measured data(p<0.0005).These results indicate statistical significance in the data used and the model derived from it.In conclusion,it is reasonable to assume that the dynamic response of poultry DBT to large step changes in ambient temperature follows a first order model.Although further studies are needed to more fully derive the model,this study provided a stepping-stone towards gaining a better understanding of the relationship between DBT and AT,therefore taking us one step closer towards making optimal management and risk assessment decisions that are based on physiological needs of the chickens.展开更多
Body temperature is an important physiological indicator in the whole process of pig breeding.Temperature measurement is also an effective means to assist in disease diagnosis and pig health monitoring.In the conventi...Body temperature is an important physiological indicator in the whole process of pig breeding.Temperature measurement is also an effective means to assist in disease diagnosis and pig health monitoring.In the conventional method of measuring body temperature,a mercury column is used to obtain the rectal temperature.The operation of thismethod is complicated and requires a large amount of labor.This kind of temperature measurement method is contact and canmake the pig stressed,which is disadvantageous for the healthy growth of pigs.Therefore,rectal temperaturemeasurement no longer meets the needs of the large-scale pig industry in China's welfare agriculture.In recent years,the emerging pig body temperature detection technologies are electronic temperaturemeasurement technology,infrared temperature measurement technology and so on.Infrared temperature measurement technology has been the main means of measuring the temperature of pig body surface with its advantages of non-contact,long distance and real-time.At present,infrared temperature measurement technology and infrared image processing technology used in pig breeding are still in the exploration stage.Nowadays,the infrared temperature measurement equipment based on point-by-point analysis represented by infrared thermometer and temperature measurement equipment based on full-field analysis represented by infrared thermal imager have been applied to pig breeding industry.These types of temperaturemeasurement are more in line with the needs of the pig breeding industry to transform and upgrade to the automation,in line with the development concept of welfare farming and smart agriculture,and its development prospects are very impressive.展开更多
Human body temperature not only reflects vital signs,but also affects the state of various organs through blood circulation,and even affects lifespan.Here a wireless body temperature detection scheme was presented tha...Human body temperature not only reflects vital signs,but also affects the state of various organs through blood circulation,and even affects lifespan.Here a wireless body temperature detection scheme was presented that the temperature was extracted by investigating the out-of-plane(OP)ferromagnetic resonance(FMR)field of 10.2 nm thick La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_(3)(LSMO)film using electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)technique.Within the range of 34-42℃,the OP FMR field changes linearly with the increasing or decreasing temperature,and this variation comes from the linear responses of magnetization to the fluctuant temperature.Using this method,a tiny temperature change(<0.1℃)of organisms can be detected accurately and sensitively,which shows great potential in body temperature monitoring for humans and mammals.展开更多
Purpose:Patient body temperature was monitored after cardiac valve replacement,in order to explore the characteristics of body-temperature circadian rhythm and the factors influencing that rhythm.Methods:A cohort of 6...Purpose:Patient body temperature was monitored after cardiac valve replacement,in order to explore the characteristics of body-temperature circadian rhythm and the factors influencing that rhythm.Methods:A cohort of 67 patients who received cardiac valve replacement in a Fuzhou,Fujian province,China,general hospital underwent temperature measurements and analysis(by cosine curve)of their body-temperature circadian rhythm.A biological rhythm model was established through principal component analysis and evaluation of biological rhythm features.Multiple circadian parameters were included through linear regression analysis.Results:Patients’temperature after cardiac valve replacement exhibited circadian characteristics(p<0.05),among which the scores of temperature mesor,amplitude,and acrophase were respectively(37.610.08),(0.100.09),and33(e355,e119).Body-temperature rhythms were influenced by both gender and cardiopulmonary bypass time(p<0.05).Conclusion:Although some patients’circadian characteristics disappeared after cardiac valve replacement,circadian rhythms remained intact for most patients.Measures that were found to mitigate body-temperature circadian rhythm disruption included building a natural rhythm of light/darkness and decreasing cardiopulmonary bypass time.展开更多
Subject Code:C09 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a research group led by Dr.Shen Wei(沈伟)from Shanghai Tech University has deconstructed a neural circuit for body temperature regu...Subject Code:C09 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a research group led by Dr.Shen Wei(沈伟)from Shanghai Tech University has deconstructed a neural circuit for body temperature regulation,which was published in PNAS(2017,114:2042—2047).展开更多
The embedded temperature sensing fabric was designed and woven according to the heat transmission model of the fabric.The temperature sensors were embedded into the multi-layered fabric that weft yarns were high-shrin...The embedded temperature sensing fabric was designed and woven according to the heat transmission model of the fabric.The temperature sensors were embedded into the multi-layered fabric that weft yarns were high-shrinkage polyester filaments.And the fabric was treated by a self-designed partial heat device,which can make the sensor be fixed in the fabric.The effects of yarn type,yarn linear density,fabric warp density,fabric structure,fabric layer numbers where the sensor is located,and the ambient temperature on the temperature measured value were investigated.The results demonstrated that when the higher thermal conductivity of yarns and lower density yarns were applied in the fabric as rawmaterials,they were favored to improve the measurement precision.Meanwhile,there were many factors that could make the measured values closer to the real value of the body,such as the plain fabric,the increased warp density of the fabric,the multiple-layer fabric where the sensor was located,the raised ambient testing temperature and the prolonged test time in the certain range.展开更多
In this work,we design a multisensory IoT-based online vitals monitor(hereinafter referred to as the VITALS)to sense four bedside physiological parameters including pulse(heart)rate,body temperature,blood pressure,and...In this work,we design a multisensory IoT-based online vitals monitor(hereinafter referred to as the VITALS)to sense four bedside physiological parameters including pulse(heart)rate,body temperature,blood pressure,and periph-eral oxygen saturation.Then,the proposed system constantly transfers these signals to the analytics system which aids in enhancing diagnostics at an earlier stage as well as monitoring after recovery.The core hardware of the VITALS includes commercial off-the-shelf sensing devices/medical equipment,a powerful microcontroller,a reliable wireless communication module,and a big data analytics system.It extracts human vital signs in a pre-programmed interval of 30 min and sends them to big data analytics system through the WiFi module for further analysis.We use Apache Kafka(to gather live data streams from connected sen-sors),Apache Spark(to categorize the patient vitals and notify the medical pro-fessionals while identifying abnormalities in physiological parameters),Hadoop Distributed File System(HDFS)(to archive data streams for further analysis and long-term storage),Spark SQL,Hive and Matplotlib(to support caregivers to access/visualize appropriate information from collected data streams and to explore/understand the health status of the individuals).In addition,we develop a mobile application to send statistical graphs to doctors and patients to enable them to monitor health conditions remotely.Our proposed system is implemented on three patients for 7 days to check the effectiveness of sensing,data processing,and data transmission mechanisms.To validate the system accuracy,we compare the data values collected from established sensors with the measured readouts using a commercial healthcare monitor,the Welch Allyn®Spot Check.Our pro-posed system provides improved care solutions,especially for those whose access to care services is limited.展开更多
Backgrounds: Health does not only physical health, therefore, we need to study it from various viewpoints. Many Japanese female complain of a Hie or a low back pain (LBP), which they reduce their subjective well-being...Backgrounds: Health does not only physical health, therefore, we need to study it from various viewpoints. Many Japanese female complain of a Hie or a low back pain (LBP), which they reduce their subjective well-being. We analyze. Those patients often have acupuncture therapy. In this study, we analyze the characteristics of Hie and LBP, the satisfaction level of alternative therapy and we pursue a tip to improve subjective well-being. Methods: Of 1000 women, Hie (+)/Hie (−) or LBP (+)/LBP (−), we compared their body temperature (BT) (axilla) and body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, the Chi test identified ten factors of “body” and seven “mind” information. Results: In the result of BT (axilla) while LBP indicated a significant difference. Both Hie and LBP showed difference in the opposite direction. Hie did now show such clear differences in “body” information. However, interestingly, all seven questions in the “mind” information showed statistical difference. Discussion and conclusion: One reason why those patients have acupuncture therapy may acupuncture therapy traditionally has not separate “mind” and “body” and it has the concept of “mind-body unity”. To improve subjective well-being, first we need to focus on “Mind” as well as “mind-body unity”. Mental-health support is important for patients with Hie or LBP to reduce physiological stress.展开更多
We maintained adult many-lined sun skinks(Mabuya multifasciata; 12 females and 12 males) collected from Hainan(southern China) in September 2006 in two outdoor enclosures to examine the effect of feeding condition on ...We maintained adult many-lined sun skinks(Mabuya multifasciata; 12 females and 12 males) collected from Hainan(southern China) in September 2006 in two outdoor enclosures to examine the effect of feeding condition on selected body temperature(Tsel).Skinks shifted their thermal preferences when fasted.Temporal variation in Tsel was not found within each sex feeding condition combination,and neither in fed nor in fasted skinks did the mean values for Tsel differ between sexes.Body temperatures selected by fed skinks fell within the range from 30.2 to 33.9 C,and those selected by fasted skinks within the range from 25.1 to 31.8 C.Body temperatures(31.8 0.3 C) selected by fed skinks were on average 4.0 C higher than those(27.8 0.4 C) selected by fasted skinks.Fasted skinks had no difficulty in attaining higher body temperatures,but they voluntarily shift their thermal preferences downwards to save energy.This finding suggests an adaptive mechanism adopted by many-lined sun skinks to enhance their fitness during the periods when food availability is low.展开更多
Acute infections,including those due to Coronaviridae and other viruses,often stimulate a febrile response.A mild fever appears to improve outcome;it appears to diminish viral replication by several mechanisms,includi...Acute infections,including those due to Coronaviridae and other viruses,often stimulate a febrile response.A mild fever appears to improve outcome;it appears to diminish viral replication by several mechanisms,including virion entry into host cells and genome transcription,and improving host defence mechanisms against the pathogen.However,a fever may also damage host cellular and tissue function and increase metabolic demands.At temperatures at the lower end of the febrile range,the benefit of the fever appears to outweigh the detrimental effects.However,at higher temperatures,the outcome worsens,suggesting that the disadvantages of fever on the host predominate.A non-infective fever is associated with a worse outcome at lower temperatures,suggesting that hyperthermia carries less benefit in the absence of infection.This review discusses the risks and benefits of a fever on the host response,focusing on the effects of a fever on viral replication and host response,and the detrimental effect on the host.展开更多
Many women track their daily basal body temperature (BBT), an important factor in reproductive status, as a part of fertility self-management. This study involved 135 patients who had undergone conventional infertilit...Many women track their daily basal body temperature (BBT), an important factor in reproductive status, as a part of fertility self-management. This study involved 135 patients who had undergone conventional infertility treatment;they had weekly acupuncture treatment and we assessed BBT, menstrual cycle, menstrual period and menstrual bleeding amount pre- and post-treatment. We also analyzed the rate of insufficient description of reproductive parameters, comparing patients who had delivered a baby with those who had a miscarriage and those who did not become pregnant. Menstrual cycle and period did not show notable changes pre- and post-acupuncture treatment in all groups. Menstrual bleeding amount decreased in the no-pregnancy group. There was a suggestion that acupuncture decreased very long menstrual cycle (e.g. bimonthly) to monthly. The insufficient description rate of menstrual bleeding amount was high in all groups. Weekly discussion about monitoring reproductive parameters could improve patients’ awareness in self-management. To prevent miscarriage patients needed psychological and medical advice for careful self-management in pregnancy and menstrual cycle.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,31971413)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2020205038)to Dongming Li.
文摘Light is an essential environmental cue influencing the endogenous circadian clocks that regulate behavioral and physiological processes in animals.Despite extensive research on the circadian rhythms of avian behavior and physiology,the mechanisms by which they adapt and adjust to abnormal photoperiod conditions,such as artificial light,have yet to be fully elucidated.Here,the circadian rhythms of the body mass,activity,and core and peripheral body temperatures of the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus,ETS)-a diurnal passerine-were examined under three different lighting conditions:constant light(LL),constant darkness(DD),and normal light-dark cycles(LD).Our results showed that the activity,body mass,core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures of the ETSs varied significantly with treatment,time,and the interaction between treatment and time;however,there was no significant change in body mass in response to the interaction between time and treatment.Under LD conditions,the ETSs exhibited significant circadian rhythms in activity and core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures.Under LL conditions,only the core temperature exhibited significant rhythmicity.Under DD conditions,there were no significant circadian rhythms in activity,body mass,and eye temperature;however,the core and tarsometatarsus temperatures remained rhythmic.Our results indicate that the core body temperature rhythm of ETS is endogenous and can be maintained under abnormal photoperiods.In contrast,the activity and body surface temperature,uncoupled from the core body temperature under abnormal photoperiod conditions,strongly depend on light.These results differ from those of other diurnal avian species,suggesting a unique coping mechanism of ETS in response to an abnormal photoperiod.
基金This work was supported by the Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50408014).
文摘PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) is a widely used index for evaluating the thermal environment.However,few studies have been conducted to take physiological values directly as evaluating indices.This paper assumes a linear relation between body temperature and both sweating rate and heat produced by shivering,and introduces the linear relation into the human heat balance equation to revise the classic PMV.And the assumption of linear relation is subsequently proved.The revised PMV possesses the same characteristic of dependent heat load as that of the classic one,and moreover it is convenient to be calculated.
文摘We studied the efficiency of acupuncture for patients who were unable to give birth though they had experienced conventional infertility treatment for more than 2 years by medical specialists. We then investigated characteristics of difficult pregnancy cases with measurement of body temperature and observation of basal body temperature (BBT) charts. Thirty-three patients had acupuncture every week for more than 2 years and 17 of them delivered. At the same time, their cutaneous body temperature was measured at five locations. Moreover, patients and acupuncturists had a weekly discussion of the patient’s BBT chart. The delivery group showed more balanced and higher cutaneous body temperatures than the miscarriage and no pregnancy groups. The delivery group showed a smooth increase in the BBT chart while the miscarriage group showed a specific pattern in shifting temperatures from low to high zones. Acupuncture might suppress excess sympathetic dominance, which induced hyperthermia as well as interruption of pregnancy. Additionally, weekly discussion and medical advice could help patients. However, further study of males, healthy women, or larger, comparative studies exploring the social and cultural background of other countries were needed to add support to these factors.
文摘BACKGROUND: At present, suppurative meningitis is mainly treated through anti-infection with antibiotics, depressing encephalic pressure with mannitol , lowering body temperature with drugs , supporting treatment, etc. However, it takes a long course of treatment and has poor therapeutic effect. Successive irrigation of subarachnoid cavity maybe have better effect on suppurative meningitis. OBJECTIVE: We compared the successive irrigation of subbarachnoid cavity with routine therapeutic methods to observe the effect of successive irrigation of subarachnoid cavity on the body temperature, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cell and the level of protein of suppurative meningitis dogs. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment. SETTING: Institute of Neuroscience, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Yunyang Medical College. MATERIALS: Totally 17 healthy adult male Beagle dogs, of common grade, weighing 9 to 10 kg, were involved in the experiment, and raised in the 20 ℃ temperature with relative humidity of 50% for 1 week. They were randomized into 3 groups: normal group (n=5), control group (n=5) and irrigation group (n=6). Artificial cerebrospinal fluid was prepared according to the level of glucose and chloride of cerebrospinal fluid of normal dogs, and then it was sterilized with high pressure. METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the experimental animal center of Yunyang Medical College from April to August 2001. ① After the dogs were anesthetized,1 mL fresh staphylococcus aureus liquid [(1.5-1.6)×109 L-1] was injected into medullary cistern to establish suppurative meningitis models. ② After models were successfully established, intravenous drip infusion of 1.2 ×106 U/(kg·d), muscular injection of sulfadiazine sodium of 100 mg/(kg·d)and intravenous injection of 200 g/L mannitol of 5 g/(kg·time) for 3 times a day were performed in the control group. The irrigation of subarachnoid meningitis was conducted in the irrigation group besides the routine treatments in the control group: Artificial cerebrospinal fluid was successively injected into the epidural catheter in the waist part. The mixtures of artificial cerebrospinal fluid and inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid flowed out incessantly from epidural catheter of medullary cistern. Irrigation was ended 48 hours later. Dogs were routinely raised in the control group. ③ From the first day after being modeled to the 14th day after treatment, the rectal temperatures were daily measured in the morning, at noon and in the evening respectively, then the mean temperatures were calculated . From the 2nd day after being modeled to the 14th day after treatment, puncture at waist was given once, and the cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cells and the level of protein were measured. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The body temperature, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cells and the level of protein were measured on suppurative meningitis model dogs. RESULTS: Totally 17 Beagle dogs were involved in this study. ①The body temperatures of dogs were significantly reduced in the control group and in irrigation group on the 1st day after treatment and lower than suppurative meningitis model dogs on the 2nd day after being modeled (P < 0.05). The body temperatures were gradually decreased in control group from the 2nd day after being modeled to the 14th day after treatment (P < 0.01), but were significantly higher than those of dogs in normal group on the 14th day after treatment (P < 0.05). The body temperatures of dogs were gradually decreased in irrigation group on the 2nd day or 3rd day after treatment (P < 0.01) and then were close to the normal body temperature on the 14th day after treatment. ②There was the same cerebrospinal fluid pressure in control group as in irrigation group on the 2nd day after being modeled (P > 0.05), but significantly decreased in two groups from the 1st day or 2nd day after treatment (P < 0.01), and cerebrospinal fluid pressure was close to the normal level in irrigation group. Although the cerebrospinal fluid pressure raised a little on the 3rd day or 4th day after treatment in the irrigation group (P < 0.05), but recovered to the normal level on the 9th day after treatment again. It decreased slowly in the control group and still was significantly higher than normal group on the 14th day after treatment (P < 0.01). ③No significant difference existed in number of white blood cell and the level of protein between control group and irrigation group on the 2nd day following modeled. Both of them began to significantly decrease on the 1st and 2nd day after treatment (P < 0.01). Although the number of white blood cell and the level of protein rebounded a little in irrigation group 3 or 4 days after treatment (P < 0.05), they were gradually decreased and recovered to normal levels on the 13th day after treatment. The number of white blood cell and the level of protein slowly decreased in the control group compared with irrigation group and were still significantly higher than normal group on the 14th day (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Irrigation of subarachnoid cavity can decrease the body temperature, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the number of white blood cells and the level of protein at early stage of suppurative meningitis , and the therapeutic effect is better than that of routine treatment.
基金supported by the Young Teacher Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.:2018-JYB-JS155).
文摘Core body temperature(CBT)is increasingly attracting attention as crucial data during target temperature management(TTM).Accurate and continuous measurement of human CBT can effectively identify and monitor central high fever,and provide a basis for the effective implementation during TTM,which is therefore of great significance for human health care and disease monitoring.The reliable core measurement sites are nasopharynx,esophagus,bladder,rectum,pulmonary artery,etc.,but the measurement methods in these sites are all invasive.At present,the medical field is more inclined to noninvasive data collection methods through monitoring an appropriate site(such as forehead,mouth,or axilla)depending on clinical circumstances,so as to ensure the comfort and security of patients to the greatest extent.This review will provide reference choosing more safe and accurate temperature measurement methods for patients during TTM by reviewing the sites and accuracy of invasive and noninvasive CBT measurements.
文摘In comparison to a carbohydrate-rich breakfast, a nutritionally balanced breakfast reportedly leads to a higher core body temperature because of diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) and also results in higher task performance. This study aimed to examine the relationships among the core body temperature, blood glucose level, cerebral blood flow, and cognitive performance when the core body temperature is raised to a similar extent as in DIT in the morning. This crossover study included 18 male participants who performed four sets of cognitive tests in the morning with four different foot baths and glucose intake conditions. In elevated body temperature (EBT) conditions, the core body temperature was increased by a foot bath at 42˚C or 39˚C, while in low body temperature (LBT) conditions, it was maintained at 35˚C by a foot bath;the participants received no glucose or two intakes of 20-g glucose for each thermal condition. In addition to the core body temperature measurement, the cerebral blood flow in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. Three blood collections were performed to measure the changes in blood glucose levels. The results revealed that in the EBT conditions, the core body temperature remained 0.3˚C - 0.5˚C higher than that at wake-up time, while the glucose intake conditions increased blood glucose levels which remained higher than those during fasting. No significant between-treatment difference was observed in the results of cognitive tests. However, the blood flow in the DLPFC increased during the second test period in the EBT/glucose and LBT/glucose conditions, whereas during the fourth test period, it increased solely in the EBT/glucose condition. Thus, in addition to the blood glucose level, an elevated core body temperature within the physiological range may be needed for long-term maintenance of the cerebral blood flow response.
文摘The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia has had a great impact on the life safety of our people and social production activities.Therefore,it is very important and meaningful to analyze the application value of infrared forehead thermometers in body temperature screening under the new crown pneumonia epidemic and propose improved measures for body temperature detection.This paper summarizes the questionnaire on the application value of infrared forehead thermometer in body temperature screening and the results of staff interviews,and analyzes the principle of infrared forehead thermometer temperature measurement to explain the factors that affect the accuracy of temperature measurement results.Finally,it is concluded that the reflected radiation of the environment and the temperature measurement distance affect the accuracy of the temperature measurement results of the infrared forehead gun.
文摘Objective:To make and study computed system for external cardiac massage,monitor of heart and body temperature and observe its clinical effect.Method:The system was made and applied.Result:The effect of system was obvious.Conclusion: The system was an effective clinical equipment in treatment of patient with cardiac arrest.
文摘Objective To evaluate the effect of tumescent infiltration solution temperature on core body temperatureafter liposuction.Methods 15 healthy female subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive tumescent infiltration
文摘Traditional environmental control methods for poultry housing which rely solely on environmental factors fall short in meeting thermal and physiological needs of the animals.New methods are needed that factor in the physiological needs and responses of the animals in order to maximize well-being of the animals and minimize heat stress.Deep body temperature(DBT)has been shown in the literature to be a strong indicator of heat stress,therefore studies are needed that help us gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between this variable and environmental conditions.The aim of this study was to identify the order of the dynamic response of poultry DBT to large step changes in ambient temperature(AT).Temperature steps had to be big enough to take the chickens out of their homeothermic zone.A total of 46 DBT/AT data sets with 23 upward AT steps and 23 downward AT steps were obtained using a biotelemetry system,and involving three chickens.DBT responses of individual chickens to step changes in AT were found to have a 0.88 average Pearson correlation suggesting consistency in chickens’responses to the same stimuli(p<0.0005).The data indicated that DBT responses to AT followed a first order behavior in most cases with an average time constant of 1.6 h,and the curve fitting method was used to validate this observation.There was a 0.88 average correlation between DBT model and measured data(p<0.0005).These results indicate statistical significance in the data used and the model derived from it.In conclusion,it is reasonable to assume that the dynamic response of poultry DBT to large step changes in ambient temperature follows a first order model.Although further studies are needed to more fully derive the model,this study provided a stepping-stone towards gaining a better understanding of the relationship between DBT and AT,therefore taking us one step closer towards making optimal management and risk assessment decisions that are based on physiological needs of the chickens.
基金This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program(2017YFD0701601-3)Research Platform Construction Project and Graduate Training Quality Improvement Project(2017YAL009)of Tianjin Agricultural University.
文摘Body temperature is an important physiological indicator in the whole process of pig breeding.Temperature measurement is also an effective means to assist in disease diagnosis and pig health monitoring.In the conventional method of measuring body temperature,a mercury column is used to obtain the rectal temperature.The operation of thismethod is complicated and requires a large amount of labor.This kind of temperature measurement method is contact and canmake the pig stressed,which is disadvantageous for the healthy growth of pigs.Therefore,rectal temperaturemeasurement no longer meets the needs of the large-scale pig industry in China's welfare agriculture.In recent years,the emerging pig body temperature detection technologies are electronic temperaturemeasurement technology,infrared temperature measurement technology and so on.Infrared temperature measurement technology has been the main means of measuring the temperature of pig body surface with its advantages of non-contact,long distance and real-time.At present,infrared temperature measurement technology and infrared image processing technology used in pig breeding are still in the exploration stage.Nowadays,the infrared temperature measurement equipment based on point-by-point analysis represented by infrared thermometer and temperature measurement equipment based on full-field analysis represented by infrared thermal imager have been applied to pig breeding industry.These types of temperaturemeasurement are more in line with the needs of the pig breeding industry to transform and upgrade to the automation,in line with the development concept of welfare farming and smart agriculture,and its development prospects are very impressive.
基金This work was supported by the Doctoral Startup Foundation of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology(Grant No.20202042)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(Grant No.2021L303)+4 种基金the Excellent Doctoral Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20212044)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB0407601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11534015,51602244 and 11804266)the National 111 Project of China(Grant No.B14040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.xzy022019069).
文摘Human body temperature not only reflects vital signs,but also affects the state of various organs through blood circulation,and even affects lifespan.Here a wireless body temperature detection scheme was presented that the temperature was extracted by investigating the out-of-plane(OP)ferromagnetic resonance(FMR)field of 10.2 nm thick La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_(3)(LSMO)film using electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)technique.Within the range of 34-42℃,the OP FMR field changes linearly with the increasing or decreasing temperature,and this variation comes from the linear responses of magnetization to the fluctuant temperature.Using this method,a tiny temperature change(<0.1℃)of organisms can be detected accurately and sensitively,which shows great potential in body temperature monitoring for humans and mammals.
基金This study was supported by Fujian,China,Provincial funds(2011-CX-24).
文摘Purpose:Patient body temperature was monitored after cardiac valve replacement,in order to explore the characteristics of body-temperature circadian rhythm and the factors influencing that rhythm.Methods:A cohort of 67 patients who received cardiac valve replacement in a Fuzhou,Fujian province,China,general hospital underwent temperature measurements and analysis(by cosine curve)of their body-temperature circadian rhythm.A biological rhythm model was established through principal component analysis and evaluation of biological rhythm features.Multiple circadian parameters were included through linear regression analysis.Results:Patients’temperature after cardiac valve replacement exhibited circadian characteristics(p<0.05),among which the scores of temperature mesor,amplitude,and acrophase were respectively(37.610.08),(0.100.09),and33(e355,e119).Body-temperature rhythms were influenced by both gender and cardiopulmonary bypass time(p<0.05).Conclusion:Although some patients’circadian characteristics disappeared after cardiac valve replacement,circadian rhythms remained intact for most patients.Measures that were found to mitigate body-temperature circadian rhythm disruption included building a natural rhythm of light/darkness and decreasing cardiopulmonary bypass time.
文摘Subject Code:C09 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a research group led by Dr.Shen Wei(沈伟)from Shanghai Tech University has deconstructed a neural circuit for body temperature regulation,which was published in PNAS(2017,114:2042—2047).
基金Hubei Province Natural Science Fund Project,China(No.2013CFA090)
文摘The embedded temperature sensing fabric was designed and woven according to the heat transmission model of the fabric.The temperature sensors were embedded into the multi-layered fabric that weft yarns were high-shrinkage polyester filaments.And the fabric was treated by a self-designed partial heat device,which can make the sensor be fixed in the fabric.The effects of yarn type,yarn linear density,fabric warp density,fabric structure,fabric layer numbers where the sensor is located,and the ambient temperature on the temperature measured value were investigated.The results demonstrated that when the higher thermal conductivity of yarns and lower density yarns were applied in the fabric as rawmaterials,they were favored to improve the measurement precision.Meanwhile,there were many factors that could make the measured values closer to the real value of the body,such as the plain fabric,the increased warp density of the fabric,the multiple-layer fabric where the sensor was located,the raised ambient testing temperature and the prolonged test time in the certain range.
文摘In this work,we design a multisensory IoT-based online vitals monitor(hereinafter referred to as the VITALS)to sense four bedside physiological parameters including pulse(heart)rate,body temperature,blood pressure,and periph-eral oxygen saturation.Then,the proposed system constantly transfers these signals to the analytics system which aids in enhancing diagnostics at an earlier stage as well as monitoring after recovery.The core hardware of the VITALS includes commercial off-the-shelf sensing devices/medical equipment,a powerful microcontroller,a reliable wireless communication module,and a big data analytics system.It extracts human vital signs in a pre-programmed interval of 30 min and sends them to big data analytics system through the WiFi module for further analysis.We use Apache Kafka(to gather live data streams from connected sen-sors),Apache Spark(to categorize the patient vitals and notify the medical pro-fessionals while identifying abnormalities in physiological parameters),Hadoop Distributed File System(HDFS)(to archive data streams for further analysis and long-term storage),Spark SQL,Hive and Matplotlib(to support caregivers to access/visualize appropriate information from collected data streams and to explore/understand the health status of the individuals).In addition,we develop a mobile application to send statistical graphs to doctors and patients to enable them to monitor health conditions remotely.Our proposed system is implemented on three patients for 7 days to check the effectiveness of sensing,data processing,and data transmission mechanisms.To validate the system accuracy,we compare the data values collected from established sensors with the measured readouts using a commercial healthcare monitor,the Welch Allyn®Spot Check.Our pro-posed system provides improved care solutions,especially for those whose access to care services is limited.
文摘Backgrounds: Health does not only physical health, therefore, we need to study it from various viewpoints. Many Japanese female complain of a Hie or a low back pain (LBP), which they reduce their subjective well-being. We analyze. Those patients often have acupuncture therapy. In this study, we analyze the characteristics of Hie and LBP, the satisfaction level of alternative therapy and we pursue a tip to improve subjective well-being. Methods: Of 1000 women, Hie (+)/Hie (−) or LBP (+)/LBP (−), we compared their body temperature (BT) (axilla) and body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, the Chi test identified ten factors of “body” and seven “mind” information. Results: In the result of BT (axilla) while LBP indicated a significant difference. Both Hie and LBP showed difference in the opposite direction. Hie did now show such clear differences in “body” information. However, interestingly, all seven questions in the “mind” information showed statistical difference. Discussion and conclusion: One reason why those patients have acupuncture therapy may acupuncture therapy traditionally has not separate “mind” and “body” and it has the concept of “mind-body unity”. To improve subjective well-being, first we need to focus on “Mind” as well as “mind-body unity”. Mental-health support is important for patients with Hie or LBP to reduce physiological stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 30670281) Chinese Ministry of Education (Project No. 20070319006) and Nanjing Normal University
文摘We maintained adult many-lined sun skinks(Mabuya multifasciata; 12 females and 12 males) collected from Hainan(southern China) in September 2006 in two outdoor enclosures to examine the effect of feeding condition on selected body temperature(Tsel).Skinks shifted their thermal preferences when fasted.Temporal variation in Tsel was not found within each sex feeding condition combination,and neither in fed nor in fasted skinks did the mean values for Tsel differ between sexes.Body temperatures selected by fed skinks fell within the range from 30.2 to 33.9 C,and those selected by fasted skinks within the range from 25.1 to 31.8 C.Body temperatures(31.8 0.3 C) selected by fed skinks were on average 4.0 C higher than those(27.8 0.4 C) selected by fasted skinks.Fasted skinks had no difficulty in attaining higher body temperatures,but they voluntarily shift their thermal preferences downwards to save energy.This finding suggests an adaptive mechanism adopted by many-lined sun skinks to enhance their fitness during the periods when food availability is low.
文摘Acute infections,including those due to Coronaviridae and other viruses,often stimulate a febrile response.A mild fever appears to improve outcome;it appears to diminish viral replication by several mechanisms,including virion entry into host cells and genome transcription,and improving host defence mechanisms against the pathogen.However,a fever may also damage host cellular and tissue function and increase metabolic demands.At temperatures at the lower end of the febrile range,the benefit of the fever appears to outweigh the detrimental effects.However,at higher temperatures,the outcome worsens,suggesting that the disadvantages of fever on the host predominate.A non-infective fever is associated with a worse outcome at lower temperatures,suggesting that hyperthermia carries less benefit in the absence of infection.This review discusses the risks and benefits of a fever on the host response,focusing on the effects of a fever on viral replication and host response,and the detrimental effect on the host.
文摘Many women track their daily basal body temperature (BBT), an important factor in reproductive status, as a part of fertility self-management. This study involved 135 patients who had undergone conventional infertility treatment;they had weekly acupuncture treatment and we assessed BBT, menstrual cycle, menstrual period and menstrual bleeding amount pre- and post-treatment. We also analyzed the rate of insufficient description of reproductive parameters, comparing patients who had delivered a baby with those who had a miscarriage and those who did not become pregnant. Menstrual cycle and period did not show notable changes pre- and post-acupuncture treatment in all groups. Menstrual bleeding amount decreased in the no-pregnancy group. There was a suggestion that acupuncture decreased very long menstrual cycle (e.g. bimonthly) to monthly. The insufficient description rate of menstrual bleeding amount was high in all groups. Weekly discussion about monitoring reproductive parameters could improve patients’ awareness in self-management. To prevent miscarriage patients needed psychological and medical advice for careful self-management in pregnancy and menstrual cycle.
