BACKGROUND When exposed to high-altitude environments,the cardiovascular system undergoes various changes,the performance and mechanisms of which remain controversial.AIM To summarize the latest research advancements ...BACKGROUND When exposed to high-altitude environments,the cardiovascular system undergoes various changes,the performance and mechanisms of which remain controversial.AIM To summarize the latest research advancements and hot research points in the cardiovascular system at high altitude by conducting a bibliometric and visualization analysis.METHODS The literature was systematically retrieved and filtered using the Web of Science Core Collection of Science Citation Index Expanded.A visualization analysis of the identified publications was conducted employing CiteSpace and VOSviewer.RESULTS A total of 1674 publications were included in the study,with an observed annual increase in the number of publications spanning from 1990 to 2022.The United States of America emerged as the predominant contributor,while Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia stood out as the institution with the highest publication output.Notably,Jean-Paul Richalet demonstrated the highest productivity among researchers focusing on the cardiovascular system at high altitude.Furthermore,Peter Bärtsch emerged as the author with the highest number of cited articles.Keyword analysis identified hypoxia,exercise,acclimatization,acute and chronic mountain sickness,pulmonary hypertension,metabolism,and echocardiography as the primary research hot research points and emerging directions in the study of the cardiovascular system at high altitude.CONCLUSION Over the past 32 years,research on the cardiovascular system in high-altitude regions has been steadily increasing.Future research in this field may focus on areas such as hypoxia adaptation,metabolism,and cardiopulmonary exercise.Strengthening interdisciplinary and multi-team collaborations will facilitate further exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cardiovascular changes in high-altitude environments and provide a theoretical basis for standardized disease diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
The parasitic disease can significantly affect the cardiovascular system through various mechanisms;even though it is traditionally regarded as a disease characterized by parasitic sites’ mechanical damage and some i...The parasitic disease can significantly affect the cardiovascular system through various mechanisms;even though it is traditionally regarded as a disease characterized by parasitic sites’ mechanical damage and some immune responses. Recent studies have shown that the role of parasitic factors in the cause of death due to cardiovascular events cannot be ignored. Considering the worldwide prevalence of parasitic diseases, exploring the effects of parasitic diseases on the cardiovascular system becomes increasingly essential. Here we summarize the latest understanding of common parasitic infections, explore the possible mechanisms of cardiovascular responses to parasitic infections, and propose feasible strategies for preventing and treating parasite-induced cardiac reactions.展开更多
Background: Hemodynamics is a practical and complicated theoretical problem. The aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of blood pressure in the cardiovascular system changing with the mechanical paramete...Background: Hemodynamics is a practical and complicated theoretical problem. The aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of blood pressure in the cardiovascular system changing with the mechanical parameters of blood vessels and the storage of some visceral organs. Method: The fluid network model was used for the study. The cardiovascular system was modeled as a system consisting of 20 segments of vessels. The main controlling parameters were determined first by using dimensional analysis. Then the responses of blood pressure of each segment of vessels were analyzed by changing the controlling parameters. Results: The parameters of the blood vessel of brain have the least influence on the pressures of other parts. The pressures of the system of blood vessels will decrease if some blood is stored in the liver or the abdominal vein system. Vice versa. The effects of regulation of blood on the variation of blood pressure are larger than the other controlling parameters. Conclusions: The controlling parameters of the abdominal aorta and ascending aorta affect greatly the blood pressure of each vessel.展开更多
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) comprise three subtypes(PPARα,δ and γ) to form a nuclear receptor superfamily.PPARs act as key transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism,mitochondrial biogene...Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) comprise three subtypes(PPARα,δ and γ) to form a nuclear receptor superfamily.PPARs act as key transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism,mitochondrial biogenesis,and anti-oxidant defense.While their roles in regulating lipid metabolism have been well established,the role of PPARs in regulating redox activity remains incompletely understood.Since redox activity is an integral part of oxidative metabolism,it is not surprising that changes in PPAR signaling in a specific cell or tissue will lead to alteration of redox state.The effects of PPAR signaling are directly related to PPAR expression,protein activities and PPAR interactions with their coregulators.The three subtypes of PPARs regulate cellular lipid and energy metabolism in most tissues in the body with overlapping and preferential effects on different metabolic steps depending on a specific tissue.Adding to the complexity,specific ligands of each PPAR subtype may also display different potencies and specificities of their role on regulating the redox pathways.Moreover,the intensity and extension of redoxregulation by each PPAR subtype are varied depending on different tissues and cell types.Both beneficial and adverse effects of PPAR ligands against cardiovascular disorders have been extensively studied by many groups.The purpose of the review is to summarize the effects of each PPAR on regulating redox and the underlying mechanisms,as well as to discuss the implications in the cardiovascular system.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of muscone on cardiovascular system.Methods Experimental animals to divide muscone high、middle、low dose group(the mouse is 20 mg·kg-1,10 mg·kg-1,5.0 mg·kg-1;the rat...Objective To investigate the effect of muscone on cardiovascular system.Methods Experimental animals to divide muscone high、middle、low dose group(the mouse is 20 mg·kg-1,10 mg·kg-1,5.0 mg·kg-1;the rat is 10 mg·kg-1,5.0 mg·kg-1,2.5 mg·kg-1),GT group(the mouse is 1/12 mg·kg-1;the rat is 1/24 mg·kg-1)and NS group.Intragastric administration in a week,do the mouse ant-hypoxia experiment、the drug(Pit.)produce the rat myocardial ischemia experiment and obstruct coronary artery to produce the rat myocardial ischemia experiment.The mice's survival time(t),the rat's variation of T in electrocardiogram、creatinkinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were recorded,respectively.Results The effect of Muscone is significant difference between GT and NS in a dose variation manner.Conclusions Muscone has the effect of ant-hypoxia,cutting down T peak value,reducing CK and LDH.The muscone has effect to inhibiting myocardial ischemia.展开更多
Bile acids(BAs)are classically known to play a vital role in the metabolism of lipids and in absorption.It is now well established that BAs act as signaling molecules,activating different receptors(such as farnesoid X...Bile acids(BAs)are classically known to play a vital role in the metabolism of lipids and in absorption.It is now well established that BAs act as signaling molecules,activating different receptors(such as farnesoid X receptor,vitamin D receptor,Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5,sphingosine-1-phosphate,muscarinic receptors,and big potassium channels)and participating in the regulation of energy homeostasis and lipid and glucose metabolism.In addition,increased BAs can impair cardiovascular function in liver cirrhosis.Approximately 50%of patients with cirrhosis develop cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.Exposure to high concentrations of hydrophobic BAs has been shown to be related to adverse effects with respect to vascular tension,endothelial function,arrhythmias,coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,and heart failure.The BAs in the serum BA pool have relevant through their hydrophobicity,and the lipophilic BAs are more harmful to the heart.Interestingly,ursodeoxycholic acid is a hydrophilic BA,and it is used as a therapeutic drug to reverse and protect the harmful cardiac effects caused by hydrophobic elevated BAs.In order to elucidate the mechanism of BAs and cardiovascular function,abundant experiments have been conducted in vitro and in vivo.The aim of this review was to explore the mechanism of BAs in the cardiovascular system.展开更多
The human cardiovascular system is a closedloop and complex vascular network with multi-scaled heterogeneous hemodynamic phenomena. Here, we give a selective review of recent progress in macro-hemodynamic modeling, wi...The human cardiovascular system is a closedloop and complex vascular network with multi-scaled heterogeneous hemodynamic phenomena. Here, we give a selective review of recent progress in macro-hemodynamic modeling, with a focus on geometrical multi-scale modeling of the vascular network, micro-hemodynamic modeling of microcirculation, as well as blood cellular, subcellular,endothelial biomechanics, and their interaction with arterial vessel mechanics. We describe in detail the methodology of hemodynamic modeling and its potential applications in cardiovascular research and clinical practice. In addition,we present major topics for future study: recent progress of patient-specifi hemodynamic modeling in clinical applications, micro-hemodynamic modeling in capillaries and blood cells, and the importance and potential of the multi-scale hemodynamic modeling.展开更多
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway,which is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in which lysosomes decompose ...Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway,which is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in which lysosomes decompose their own organelles and recycle the resulting macromolecules.Autophagy is critical in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and function, and excessive or insufficient autophagy or autophagic flux can lead to cardiovascular disease. Enormous evidence indicates that exercise training plays a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The regulation of autophagy during exercise is a bidirectional process. For cardiovascular disease caused by either insufficient or excessive autophagy, exercise training restores normal autophagy function and delays the progression of cardiovascular disease.An in-depth exploration and discussion of exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system can broaden our view about the prevention of various autophagy-related diseases through exercise training. In this article, we review autophagy and its related signaling pathways,as well as autophagy-dependent beneficial effects of exercise in cardiovascular system.展开更多
Physical exercise is one of the most effective methods to help prevent cardiovascular(CV) disease and to promote CV health. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises are two types of exercise that differ based on the intensity,...Physical exercise is one of the most effective methods to help prevent cardiovascular(CV) disease and to promote CV health. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises are two types of exercise that differ based on the intensity, interval and types of muscle fibers incorporated. In this article, we aim to further elaborate on these two categories of physical exercise and to help decipher which provides the most effective means of promoting CV health.展开更多
Background: Mongolia is situated in northern Central Asia. Landlocked between China and Russia, it is a vast expanse of high attitude grassland steppe, desert, and mountain covering an area of 1,565,000 square kilomet...Background: Mongolia is situated in northern Central Asia. Landlocked between China and Russia, it is a vast expanse of high attitude grassland steppe, desert, and mountain covering an area of 1,565,000 square kilometers. Air pollution is an increasingly series problem in Mongolia. Materials and Methods: This is a time-series cross over study. All health and air pollution data of 2008-2017 was used for this survey. Results: The mean level of SO2 during the cold season was 35.22 μg/m3 and during the warm season it was 4.65 μg/m3. 24 hours PM10 concentration, during the cold season daily average concentration was 226.77 μg/m3. The 8 hours average daily carbon monoxide concentration (1352.85 μg/m3 [95% CI: 1313.07 - 1396.15]) was high during the cold season, ozone concentration (39.10 μg/m3 [95% CI: 37.95 - 40.35]) was high during the warm season. Air quality depends on metrological parameters. All correlation was statistically significant during the whole year and cold season. In total, 288,832 people get admitted to the hospital due to cardiovascular system disease in Ulaanbaatar during the year of 2008-2017. In general, hospitalization is increasing year by year. Significant associations were found for SO2 with hypertensive diseases (I10 - I15), ischemic heart diseases (I20 - I25), cerebrovascular diseases (I60 - I69), diseases of pulmonary circulation and other forms of heart (I00 - I09, I26 - I52) in all lags. For NO2 was less associated with Ischemic heart diseases (I20 - I25) and diseases of pulmonary circulation and other forms of heart (I00 - I09, I26 - I52). For both PM10 and PM2.5, every disease had observed significant RR in lag 0 - 3. Significant associations were found for air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, CO, SO2, and O3 in all lags had a statistically significant association with cold season’s cardiovascular system disease admission. As expected during the warm season significant association was found only lag 1 with PM2.5 and lags (0, 1) CO and O3. Conclusion: As expected this study demonstrated significant correlations between cardiovascular morbidity with PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, O3, and some meteorological parameters.展开更多
Although aortic aneurysms are the most common type encountered clinically, they do not span the entire spectrum of possible aneurysms of the cardiovascular system. As cross sectional imaging techniques with cardiac co...Although aortic aneurysms are the most common type encountered clinically, they do not span the entire spectrum of possible aneurysms of the cardiovascular system. As cross sectional imaging techniques with cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging continue to improve and becomes more commonplace, once rare cardiovascular aneurysms are being encountered at higher rates. In this review, a series of uncommon, yet clinically important, cardiovascular aneurysms will be presented with review of epidemiology, clinical presentation and complications, imaging features and relevant differential diagnoses, and aneurysm management.展开更多
Throughout the last decade, the use of energy drinks has been increasingly looked upon with caution as potentially dangerous due to their perceived strong concentration of caffeine aside from other substances such as ...Throughout the last decade, the use of energy drinks has been increasingly looked upon with caution as potentially dangerous due to their perceived strong concentration of caffeine aside from other substances such as taurine, guarana, and L-carnitine that are largely unknown to the general public. In addition, a large number of energy drink intoxications have been reported all over the world including cases of seizures and arrhythmias. In this paper, we focus on the effect of energy drinks on the cardiovascular system and whether the current ongoing call for the products' sales and regulation of their contents should continue.展开更多
Background: Studies have suggested epidemiological transition in the mortality pattern in Nigeria from communicable to non-communicable diseases of which Diseases of the cardiovascular system (DCVS) is prime. DCVS is?...Background: Studies have suggested epidemiological transition in the mortality pattern in Nigeria from communicable to non-communicable diseases of which Diseases of the cardiovascular system (DCVS) is prime. DCVS is?thus a growing public health concern but its mortality profile is under-studied?in Port Harcourt. This study was therefore designed to review the mortality profile of DCVS in Port Harcourt. Methodology: A retrospective case controlled study of deaths ascribed to DCVS at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) between January 2012 and December 2017. The composite diseases were grouped using the ICD10 scheme and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Minitab version 16 was used for trend analysis. Results: Of the overall 1902 deaths recorded within the period, 566 (29.8%) were cardiovascular system related. Of these, 301 (53.3%) were males and 265 (46.7%) were females. The elderly of 50 - 99 years were most commonly affected (65.5% of the mortalities). Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) accounted for 322 deaths (56.9%);various types of shock caused 116 deaths (20.5%) while?congestive cardiac failure (CCF) accounted for 114 deaths (20.1%). Pulmonary?embolism, myocardial infarction, carotid aneurysm, and hypertensive encephalopathy caused 1.8%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 0.2% deaths respectively. Peak annual mortality of 143 (25.3%) was recorded in 2013. Although the trend of mortality was undulating, there was an overall increase in annual incidence over the years.?Conclusion: DCVS constitute the commonest systemic cause?of death in Port Harcourt. Governmental and donor agencies involved in public health policy planning and implementation should scale-up strategies for the prevention and control of DCVS in order to stem the rising tide of associated mortalities.展开更多
The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had devastating impact on populations around the world.The high mortality rates in patients with COVID-19 has been attributed to the influence of severe acut...The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had devastating impact on populations around the world.The high mortality rates in patients with COVID-19 has been attributed to the influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2),its causative viral agent,on several physiological systems in human body,including the respiratory,cardiovascular,and neurological systems.There is emerging evidence on propensity of this virus to attack cardiovascular system.However,various pathophysiological mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 interacts with cardiovascular system and leads to high morbidity and mortality,including cardiovascular complications,are poorly understood.This mini review aims to provide an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on areas of future research.展开更多
In this paper,a non-invasive detecting system for measuring blood flow parame-ters of cardiovascular system is described.The device employs a new unique methodwhich is based on the theory of hemodynamics,ordinary meas...In this paper,a non-invasive detecting system for measuring blood flow parame-ters of cardiovascular system is described.The device employs a new unique methodwhich is based on the theory of hemodynamics,ordinary measurement of blood pres-sure and pulse information of variation of pulse contour parameter Ko The sphygmo-gram is picked up from radial artery via sensor.As the blood pressure changes。展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Recently,accumulating evidence has revealed hepatic mediators,termed as liverderived secretory factors(LDSFs),play an importan...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Recently,accumulating evidence has revealed hepatic mediators,termed as liverderived secretory factors(LDSFs),play an important role in regulating CVDs such as atherosclerosis,coronary artery disease,thrombosis,myocardial infarction,heart failure,metabolic cardiomyopathy,arterial hypertension,and pulmonary hypertension.LDSFs presented here consisted of microbial metabolite,extracellular vesicles,proteins,and microRNA,they are primarily or exclusively synthesized and released by the liver,and have been shown to exert pleiotropic actions on cardiovascular system.LDSFs mainly target vascular endothelial cell,vascular smooth muscle cells,cardiomyocytes,fibroblasts,macrophages and platelets,and further modulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide,endothelial function,energy metabolism,inflammation,oxidative stress,and dystrophic calcification.Although some LDSFs are known to be detrimental/beneficial,controversial findings were also reported for many.Therefore,more studies are required to further explore the causal relationships between LDSFs and CVDs and uncover the exact mechanisms,which is expected to extend our understanding of the crosstalk between the liver and cardiovascular system and identify potential therapeutic targets.Furthermore,in the case of patients with liver disease,awareness should be given to the implications of these abnormalities in the cardiovascular system.These studies also underline the importance of early recognition and intervention of liver abnormalities in the practice of cardiovascular care,and a multidisciplinary approach combining hepatologists and cardiologists would be more preferable for such patients.展开更多
Hypoxia,characterized by reduced oxygen concentration,is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases.From the research history and mileston...Hypoxia,characterized by reduced oxygen concentration,is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases.From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases,The"hypoxia-inducible factors(HIFs)switch"can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives,encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia(gradual decline in oxygen concentration),the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia,and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia(natural selection at high altitudes).Furthermore,hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms,such as diurnal and hibernation processes.In addition to innate factors and natural selection,it has been found that epigenetics,as a postnatal factor,profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system.Within this intricate process,interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established.Thus,it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research,including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials,to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the leading chronic diseases in Saudi Arabia (SA) that cause disability and death. CVD predisposition risk varies according to age, gender, education, socioecono...Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the leading chronic diseases in Saudi Arabia (SA) that cause disability and death. CVD predisposition risk varies according to age, gender, education, socioeconomic factors, and place of residency. In addition, CVD risk factors include physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, saturated fatty acid high diet, smoking, and stress. Aim: This is a systematic review study that aims to determine the effect of mindful mediation, physical activity, and diet on CVD in SA. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic electronic search method in Google scholar, PubMed, and Medline. Papers collected are papers that have been published since 2015. The search uses the following keywords: (Cardiovascular disease OR physical activity OR Physical inactivity OR meditation OR diet) AND Saudi Arabia. Data were extracted from each study through a narrative summary of each study. Results: Forty papers collected from 2015 to 2022 were included in the narrative study. Physical activity, diet, and mindful meditation are among the factors that can reduce the risk of development of CVD or severity of disease in patients with a CVD. Conclusion: This systematic review emphasized risk factors like physical inactivity, poor diet, and low level of awareness among Saudis and CVD Saudi patients. The findings show the role of physical activity, mindful meditation, and diet in reducing the onset or severity of cardiovascular disease.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in Malaysia.Methods:A c...Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in Malaysia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted during November 2022 and January 2023.Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final analysis.Data were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent variables.Results:There was a significant positive correlation between medical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge related to CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(P<0.05,Pearson correlation).Notably,individuals with higher IHRS tended to have lower knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,and behavioural intention.Males,laborers,active/former smokers,individuals with lower household income and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessment tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(P<0.05,one-way ANOVA).While educational level,smoking status,awareness about CVD poster,self-assessment tools were repeatedly significantly associated with knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(P<0.05,linear regression).Conclusions:These findings underscore the importance of promoting cardiovascular health awareness and risk perception among middle-aged adults to foster positive BI and reduce CVD risk.Tailored interventions targeting specific risk factors identified by INTERHEART may enhance risk stratification accuracy and facilitate targeted preventive strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Loneliness and isolation are associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),but there is a lack of research on whether they were causally linked.We conducted a Mendelian Randomization(MR)study to ex...BACKGROUND Loneliness and isolation are associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),but there is a lack of research on whether they were causally linked.We conducted a Mendelian Randomization(MR)study to explore causal relationships between loneliness and isolation and multiple CVDs.METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with loneliness and isolation were identified from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of 455,364 individuals of European ancestry in the IEU GWAS database.Summary data for 15 CVDs were also obtained from the IEU GWAS database.We used three MR methods including inverse variance weighting,MR-Egger,and weighted median estimation to assess the causal effect of exposure on outcomes.Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger intercept test were used to evaluate the heterogeneity and pleiotropy.RESULTS MR analysis showed that loneliness and isolation were significantly associated with essential hypertension(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.03-1.12),atherosclerotic heart disease(OR=1.04;95%CI:1.02-1.06),myocardial infarction(OR=1.02;95%CI:1-1.04)and angina(OR=1.04;95%CI=1.02-1.06).No heterogeneity and pleiotropy effects were found in this study.CONCLUSIONS Causal relationship of loneliness and isolation with CVDs were found in this study.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,No.2022NSFSC1295the 2021 Annal Project of the General Hospital of Western Theater Command,No.2021-XZYG-B31.
文摘BACKGROUND When exposed to high-altitude environments,the cardiovascular system undergoes various changes,the performance and mechanisms of which remain controversial.AIM To summarize the latest research advancements and hot research points in the cardiovascular system at high altitude by conducting a bibliometric and visualization analysis.METHODS The literature was systematically retrieved and filtered using the Web of Science Core Collection of Science Citation Index Expanded.A visualization analysis of the identified publications was conducted employing CiteSpace and VOSviewer.RESULTS A total of 1674 publications were included in the study,with an observed annual increase in the number of publications spanning from 1990 to 2022.The United States of America emerged as the predominant contributor,while Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia stood out as the institution with the highest publication output.Notably,Jean-Paul Richalet demonstrated the highest productivity among researchers focusing on the cardiovascular system at high altitude.Furthermore,Peter Bärtsch emerged as the author with the highest number of cited articles.Keyword analysis identified hypoxia,exercise,acclimatization,acute and chronic mountain sickness,pulmonary hypertension,metabolism,and echocardiography as the primary research hot research points and emerging directions in the study of the cardiovascular system at high altitude.CONCLUSION Over the past 32 years,research on the cardiovascular system in high-altitude regions has been steadily increasing.Future research in this field may focus on areas such as hypoxia adaptation,metabolism,and cardiopulmonary exercise.Strengthening interdisciplinary and multi-team collaborations will facilitate further exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cardiovascular changes in high-altitude environments and provide a theoretical basis for standardized disease diagnosis and treatment.
文摘The parasitic disease can significantly affect the cardiovascular system through various mechanisms;even though it is traditionally regarded as a disease characterized by parasitic sites’ mechanical damage and some immune responses. Recent studies have shown that the role of parasitic factors in the cause of death due to cardiovascular events cannot be ignored. Considering the worldwide prevalence of parasitic diseases, exploring the effects of parasitic diseases on the cardiovascular system becomes increasingly essential. Here we summarize the latest understanding of common parasitic infections, explore the possible mechanisms of cardiovascular responses to parasitic infections, and propose feasible strategies for preventing and treating parasite-induced cardiac reactions.
文摘Background: Hemodynamics is a practical and complicated theoretical problem. The aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of blood pressure in the cardiovascular system changing with the mechanical parameters of blood vessels and the storage of some visceral organs. Method: The fluid network model was used for the study. The cardiovascular system was modeled as a system consisting of 20 segments of vessels. The main controlling parameters were determined first by using dimensional analysis. Then the responses of blood pressure of each segment of vessels were analyzed by changing the controlling parameters. Results: The parameters of the blood vessel of brain have the least influence on the pressures of other parts. The pressures of the system of blood vessels will decrease if some blood is stored in the liver or the abdominal vein system. Vice versa. The effects of regulation of blood on the variation of blood pressure are larger than the other controlling parameters. Conclusions: The controlling parameters of the abdominal aorta and ascending aorta affect greatly the blood pressure of each vessel.
基金Supported by Grants from National Institutes of Health,1R01 HL085499 to Yang Q, NO.1R01 HL084456,and NO.T32 HL007457 to Kim Tthe ADA Basic Science Award,#7-12-BS-208,to Yang Q
文摘Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) comprise three subtypes(PPARα,δ and γ) to form a nuclear receptor superfamily.PPARs act as key transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism,mitochondrial biogenesis,and anti-oxidant defense.While their roles in regulating lipid metabolism have been well established,the role of PPARs in regulating redox activity remains incompletely understood.Since redox activity is an integral part of oxidative metabolism,it is not surprising that changes in PPAR signaling in a specific cell or tissue will lead to alteration of redox state.The effects of PPAR signaling are directly related to PPAR expression,protein activities and PPAR interactions with their coregulators.The three subtypes of PPARs regulate cellular lipid and energy metabolism in most tissues in the body with overlapping and preferential effects on different metabolic steps depending on a specific tissue.Adding to the complexity,specific ligands of each PPAR subtype may also display different potencies and specificities of their role on regulating the redox pathways.Moreover,the intensity and extension of redoxregulation by each PPAR subtype are varied depending on different tissues and cell types.Both beneficial and adverse effects of PPAR ligands against cardiovascular disorders have been extensively studied by many groups.The purpose of the review is to summarize the effects of each PPAR on regulating redox and the underlying mechanisms,as well as to discuss the implications in the cardiovascular system.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of muscone on cardiovascular system.Methods Experimental animals to divide muscone high、middle、low dose group(the mouse is 20 mg·kg-1,10 mg·kg-1,5.0 mg·kg-1;the rat is 10 mg·kg-1,5.0 mg·kg-1,2.5 mg·kg-1),GT group(the mouse is 1/12 mg·kg-1;the rat is 1/24 mg·kg-1)and NS group.Intragastric administration in a week,do the mouse ant-hypoxia experiment、the drug(Pit.)produce the rat myocardial ischemia experiment and obstruct coronary artery to produce the rat myocardial ischemia experiment.The mice's survival time(t),the rat's variation of T in electrocardiogram、creatinkinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were recorded,respectively.Results The effect of Muscone is significant difference between GT and NS in a dose variation manner.Conclusions Muscone has the effect of ant-hypoxia,cutting down T peak value,reducing CK and LDH.The muscone has effect to inhibiting myocardial ischemia.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82070641。
文摘Bile acids(BAs)are classically known to play a vital role in the metabolism of lipids and in absorption.It is now well established that BAs act as signaling molecules,activating different receptors(such as farnesoid X receptor,vitamin D receptor,Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5,sphingosine-1-phosphate,muscarinic receptors,and big potassium channels)and participating in the regulation of energy homeostasis and lipid and glucose metabolism.In addition,increased BAs can impair cardiovascular function in liver cirrhosis.Approximately 50%of patients with cirrhosis develop cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.Exposure to high concentrations of hydrophobic BAs has been shown to be related to adverse effects with respect to vascular tension,endothelial function,arrhythmias,coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,and heart failure.The BAs in the serum BA pool have relevant through their hydrophobicity,and the lipophilic BAs are more harmful to the heart.Interestingly,ursodeoxycholic acid is a hydrophilic BA,and it is used as a therapeutic drug to reverse and protect the harmful cardiac effects caused by hydrophobic elevated BAs.In order to elucidate the mechanism of BAs and cardiovascular function,abundant experiments have been conducted in vitro and in vivo.The aim of this review was to explore the mechanism of BAs in the cardiovascular system.
基金supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientifi Research(Grant(B)17300141)the Development and Use of the Next Generation Supercomputer Project of the MEXT,Japan+4 种基金Fuyou Liang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 81370438)the SJTU Medical Engineering Cross-cutting Research Foundation(Grant YG2012MS24)Ken-iti Tsubota was partly funded by a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research(Grant 25630046),JSPSsupporting the computing facilities essential for the completion of this studyFinancial support provided by HKUST to JW is acknowledged
文摘The human cardiovascular system is a closedloop and complex vascular network with multi-scaled heterogeneous hemodynamic phenomena. Here, we give a selective review of recent progress in macro-hemodynamic modeling, with a focus on geometrical multi-scale modeling of the vascular network, micro-hemodynamic modeling of microcirculation, as well as blood cellular, subcellular,endothelial biomechanics, and their interaction with arterial vessel mechanics. We describe in detail the methodology of hemodynamic modeling and its potential applications in cardiovascular research and clinical practice. In addition,we present major topics for future study: recent progress of patient-specifi hemodynamic modeling in clinical applications, micro-hemodynamic modeling in capillaries and blood cells, and the importance and potential of the multi-scale hemodynamic modeling.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81722008,91639101,and 81570362 to J.Xiao,and 81800358 to L.Wang)from the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017-01-07-00-09-E00042 to J.Xiao)+1 种基金from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(17010500100 and 18410722200 to J.Xiao)from the development fund for Shanghai talents(to J.Xiao)。
文摘Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway,which is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in which lysosomes decompose their own organelles and recycle the resulting macromolecules.Autophagy is critical in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and function, and excessive or insufficient autophagy or autophagic flux can lead to cardiovascular disease. Enormous evidence indicates that exercise training plays a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The regulation of autophagy during exercise is a bidirectional process. For cardiovascular disease caused by either insufficient or excessive autophagy, exercise training restores normal autophagy function and delays the progression of cardiovascular disease.An in-depth exploration and discussion of exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system can broaden our view about the prevention of various autophagy-related diseases through exercise training. In this article, we review autophagy and its related signaling pathways,as well as autophagy-dependent beneficial effects of exercise in cardiovascular system.
文摘Physical exercise is one of the most effective methods to help prevent cardiovascular(CV) disease and to promote CV health. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises are two types of exercise that differ based on the intensity, interval and types of muscle fibers incorporated. In this article, we aim to further elaborate on these two categories of physical exercise and to help decipher which provides the most effective means of promoting CV health.
文摘Background: Mongolia is situated in northern Central Asia. Landlocked between China and Russia, it is a vast expanse of high attitude grassland steppe, desert, and mountain covering an area of 1,565,000 square kilometers. Air pollution is an increasingly series problem in Mongolia. Materials and Methods: This is a time-series cross over study. All health and air pollution data of 2008-2017 was used for this survey. Results: The mean level of SO2 during the cold season was 35.22 μg/m3 and during the warm season it was 4.65 μg/m3. 24 hours PM10 concentration, during the cold season daily average concentration was 226.77 μg/m3. The 8 hours average daily carbon monoxide concentration (1352.85 μg/m3 [95% CI: 1313.07 - 1396.15]) was high during the cold season, ozone concentration (39.10 μg/m3 [95% CI: 37.95 - 40.35]) was high during the warm season. Air quality depends on metrological parameters. All correlation was statistically significant during the whole year and cold season. In total, 288,832 people get admitted to the hospital due to cardiovascular system disease in Ulaanbaatar during the year of 2008-2017. In general, hospitalization is increasing year by year. Significant associations were found for SO2 with hypertensive diseases (I10 - I15), ischemic heart diseases (I20 - I25), cerebrovascular diseases (I60 - I69), diseases of pulmonary circulation and other forms of heart (I00 - I09, I26 - I52) in all lags. For NO2 was less associated with Ischemic heart diseases (I20 - I25) and diseases of pulmonary circulation and other forms of heart (I00 - I09, I26 - I52). For both PM10 and PM2.5, every disease had observed significant RR in lag 0 - 3. Significant associations were found for air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, CO, SO2, and O3 in all lags had a statistically significant association with cold season’s cardiovascular system disease admission. As expected during the warm season significant association was found only lag 1 with PM2.5 and lags (0, 1) CO and O3. Conclusion: As expected this study demonstrated significant correlations between cardiovascular morbidity with PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, O3, and some meteorological parameters.
文摘Although aortic aneurysms are the most common type encountered clinically, they do not span the entire spectrum of possible aneurysms of the cardiovascular system. As cross sectional imaging techniques with cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging continue to improve and becomes more commonplace, once rare cardiovascular aneurysms are being encountered at higher rates. In this review, a series of uncommon, yet clinically important, cardiovascular aneurysms will be presented with review of epidemiology, clinical presentation and complications, imaging features and relevant differential diagnoses, and aneurysm management.
文摘Throughout the last decade, the use of energy drinks has been increasingly looked upon with caution as potentially dangerous due to their perceived strong concentration of caffeine aside from other substances such as taurine, guarana, and L-carnitine that are largely unknown to the general public. In addition, a large number of energy drink intoxications have been reported all over the world including cases of seizures and arrhythmias. In this paper, we focus on the effect of energy drinks on the cardiovascular system and whether the current ongoing call for the products' sales and regulation of their contents should continue.
文摘Background: Studies have suggested epidemiological transition in the mortality pattern in Nigeria from communicable to non-communicable diseases of which Diseases of the cardiovascular system (DCVS) is prime. DCVS is?thus a growing public health concern but its mortality profile is under-studied?in Port Harcourt. This study was therefore designed to review the mortality profile of DCVS in Port Harcourt. Methodology: A retrospective case controlled study of deaths ascribed to DCVS at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) between January 2012 and December 2017. The composite diseases were grouped using the ICD10 scheme and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Minitab version 16 was used for trend analysis. Results: Of the overall 1902 deaths recorded within the period, 566 (29.8%) were cardiovascular system related. Of these, 301 (53.3%) were males and 265 (46.7%) were females. The elderly of 50 - 99 years were most commonly affected (65.5% of the mortalities). Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) accounted for 322 deaths (56.9%);various types of shock caused 116 deaths (20.5%) while?congestive cardiac failure (CCF) accounted for 114 deaths (20.1%). Pulmonary?embolism, myocardial infarction, carotid aneurysm, and hypertensive encephalopathy caused 1.8%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 0.2% deaths respectively. Peak annual mortality of 143 (25.3%) was recorded in 2013. Although the trend of mortality was undulating, there was an overall increase in annual incidence over the years.?Conclusion: DCVS constitute the commonest systemic cause?of death in Port Harcourt. Governmental and donor agencies involved in public health policy planning and implementation should scale-up strategies for the prevention and control of DCVS in order to stem the rising tide of associated mortalities.
文摘The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had devastating impact on populations around the world.The high mortality rates in patients with COVID-19 has been attributed to the influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2),its causative viral agent,on several physiological systems in human body,including the respiratory,cardiovascular,and neurological systems.There is emerging evidence on propensity of this virus to attack cardiovascular system.However,various pathophysiological mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 interacts with cardiovascular system and leads to high morbidity and mortality,including cardiovascular complications,are poorly understood.This mini review aims to provide an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on areas of future research.
文摘In this paper,a non-invasive detecting system for measuring blood flow parame-ters of cardiovascular system is described.The device employs a new unique methodwhich is based on the theory of hemodynamics,ordinary measurement of blood pres-sure and pulse information of variation of pulse contour parameter Ko The sphygmo-gram is picked up from radial artery via sensor.As the blood pressure changes。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82200435).
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Recently,accumulating evidence has revealed hepatic mediators,termed as liverderived secretory factors(LDSFs),play an important role in regulating CVDs such as atherosclerosis,coronary artery disease,thrombosis,myocardial infarction,heart failure,metabolic cardiomyopathy,arterial hypertension,and pulmonary hypertension.LDSFs presented here consisted of microbial metabolite,extracellular vesicles,proteins,and microRNA,they are primarily or exclusively synthesized and released by the liver,and have been shown to exert pleiotropic actions on cardiovascular system.LDSFs mainly target vascular endothelial cell,vascular smooth muscle cells,cardiomyocytes,fibroblasts,macrophages and platelets,and further modulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide,endothelial function,energy metabolism,inflammation,oxidative stress,and dystrophic calcification.Although some LDSFs are known to be detrimental/beneficial,controversial findings were also reported for many.Therefore,more studies are required to further explore the causal relationships between LDSFs and CVDs and uncover the exact mechanisms,which is expected to extend our understanding of the crosstalk between the liver and cardiovascular system and identify potential therapeutic targets.Furthermore,in the case of patients with liver disease,awareness should be given to the implications of these abnormalities in the cardiovascular system.These studies also underline the importance of early recognition and intervention of liver abnormalities in the practice of cardiovascular care,and a multidisciplinary approach combining hepatologists and cardiologists would be more preferable for such patients.
文摘Hypoxia,characterized by reduced oxygen concentration,is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases.From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases,The"hypoxia-inducible factors(HIFs)switch"can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives,encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia(gradual decline in oxygen concentration),the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia,and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia(natural selection at high altitudes).Furthermore,hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms,such as diurnal and hibernation processes.In addition to innate factors and natural selection,it has been found that epigenetics,as a postnatal factor,profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system.Within this intricate process,interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established.Thus,it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research,including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials,to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
文摘Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the leading chronic diseases in Saudi Arabia (SA) that cause disability and death. CVD predisposition risk varies according to age, gender, education, socioeconomic factors, and place of residency. In addition, CVD risk factors include physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, saturated fatty acid high diet, smoking, and stress. Aim: This is a systematic review study that aims to determine the effect of mindful mediation, physical activity, and diet on CVD in SA. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic electronic search method in Google scholar, PubMed, and Medline. Papers collected are papers that have been published since 2015. The search uses the following keywords: (Cardiovascular disease OR physical activity OR Physical inactivity OR meditation OR diet) AND Saudi Arabia. Data were extracted from each study through a narrative summary of each study. Results: Forty papers collected from 2015 to 2022 were included in the narrative study. Physical activity, diet, and mindful meditation are among the factors that can reduce the risk of development of CVD or severity of disease in patients with a CVD. Conclusion: This systematic review emphasized risk factors like physical inactivity, poor diet, and low level of awareness among Saudis and CVD Saudi patients. The findings show the role of physical activity, mindful meditation, and diet in reducing the onset or severity of cardiovascular disease.
基金This work was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE),Malaysia,through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2022/SKK10/UTAR/02/1)Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman,Malaysia,through UTAR-Research Grant(IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2021-C2/L08)MBBS Community Health Project(2022/2023),UTAR.
文摘Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in Malaysia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted during November 2022 and January 2023.Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final analysis.Data were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent variables.Results:There was a significant positive correlation between medical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge related to CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(P<0.05,Pearson correlation).Notably,individuals with higher IHRS tended to have lower knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,and behavioural intention.Males,laborers,active/former smokers,individuals with lower household income and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessment tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(P<0.05,one-way ANOVA).While educational level,smoking status,awareness about CVD poster,self-assessment tools were repeatedly significantly associated with knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(P<0.05,linear regression).Conclusions:These findings underscore the importance of promoting cardiovascular health awareness and risk perception among middle-aged adults to foster positive BI and reduce CVD risk.Tailored interventions targeting specific risk factors identified by INTERHEART may enhance risk stratification accuracy and facilitate targeted preventive strategies.
文摘BACKGROUND Loneliness and isolation are associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),but there is a lack of research on whether they were causally linked.We conducted a Mendelian Randomization(MR)study to explore causal relationships between loneliness and isolation and multiple CVDs.METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with loneliness and isolation were identified from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of 455,364 individuals of European ancestry in the IEU GWAS database.Summary data for 15 CVDs were also obtained from the IEU GWAS database.We used three MR methods including inverse variance weighting,MR-Egger,and weighted median estimation to assess the causal effect of exposure on outcomes.Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger intercept test were used to evaluate the heterogeneity and pleiotropy.RESULTS MR analysis showed that loneliness and isolation were significantly associated with essential hypertension(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.03-1.12),atherosclerotic heart disease(OR=1.04;95%CI:1.02-1.06),myocardial infarction(OR=1.02;95%CI:1-1.04)and angina(OR=1.04;95%CI=1.02-1.06).No heterogeneity and pleiotropy effects were found in this study.CONCLUSIONS Causal relationship of loneliness and isolation with CVDs were found in this study.
