We examined a new method for visualization of the primo vascular system in the rat brain involving lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue. Results showed that the primo vascular system in the lateral ventricles an...We examined a new method for visualization of the primo vascular system in the rat brain involving lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue. Results showed that the primo vascular system in the lateral ventricles and arachnoid mater of the brain were preferentially stained relative to blood vessels and fascia. The primo-vessels along blood vessels in the brain were clearly exhibited. In addition, the primo vascular system was evident between the fourth ventricle and the quadrigeminal cistern. Our experimental findings indicate that this new technique of lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue can visualize the primo vascular system in lateral ventricles and arachnoid mater of rats in situ.展开更多
BACKGROUND：Leptin regulates neuroendocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis in humans. OBJECTIVE： To verify effects of intracerebroventricular leptin injection on neuroendocrine function of the hypo...BACKGROUND：Leptin regulates neuroendocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis in humans. OBJECTIVE： To verify effects of intracerebroventricular leptin injection on neuroendocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis in ovariectomized rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Basic Medical Institute, Chengde Medical College between June and October 2007. MATERIALS： Thirty healthy, female, Wistar rats were included in this study. The following compounds were used： leptin; gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） and luteinizing hormone （LH） enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. METHODS： Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups at 1, 2, and 4 hours after injection. Each group was subdivided into control and experimental groups （n = 5 animals per group and time point）. All rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy and, beginning on day 7 after surgery, animals received daily subcutaneous injections of estradiol benzoate （2 μg） for 7 consecutive days. The experimental groups were injected with 5 μL leptin （1 g/L） into the lateral cerebral ventricle, and control groups received an equal volume of physiological saline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： GnRH and LH secretion were examined 1, 2, and 4 hours after injection using GnRH and LH ELISA kits, respectively. RESULTS： In the experimental groups, GnRH secretion significantly increased （P 〈 0.01）, followed by LH secretion （P 〈 0.01）, compared with the control groups. GnRH secretion significantly increased 1 hour after leptin injection （P 〈 0.01）. The LH increase was less pronounced, but still significant （P 〈 0.01）; however, the most prominent LH increase occurred between 1 and 2 hours. Both GnRH and LH secretion reached peak levels at 2 hours after leptin injection. Thereafter, both GnRH and LH secretion decreased, but still maintained very high levels, compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Intracerebroventricular leptin injection produced similar effects on GnRH and LH secretion in ovariectomized rats, indicating regulatory effects of leptin on GnRH and LH secretion.展开更多
Choroid plexus papilloma(CPP)is a rare,slow-growing,and typically benign brain tumor that predominantly affects children.CPP is characterized by well-defined circular or lobulated masses in the ventricles,leading to s...Choroid plexus papilloma(CPP)is a rare,slow-growing,and typically benign brain tumor that predominantly affects children.CPP is characterized by well-defined circular or lobulated masses in the ventricles,leading to symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus.CPP diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical presentation,imaging findings,and histological examination.The World Health Organization(WHO)classification categorizes choroid plexus tumors into CPP(Grade Ⅰ),atypical CPP(aCPP,Grade Ⅱ),and choroid plexus carcinoma(CPC,Grade Ⅲ).This article reviewed current diagnostics modalities and explored the emergence of new diagnostic methods for CPP.Research on molecular markers and genetic alterations associated with CPP is ongoing,and some potential markers have been identified.These results offered insights into potential therapeutic targets and personalized treatment approaches for CPP.Advancements in radiomics and liquid biopsy hold promise for improving diagnostic accuracy and monitoring treatment outcomes for choroid plexus tumors.Radiomics can provide quantitative data from imaging studies,whereas liquid biopsy can analyze tumor-derived genetic material and molecular markers from body fluids,such as cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and blood.The rapidly evolving fields of molecular and genetic research and novel diagnostic methods require continuous updates and advancements before their application in clinical practice.We hope that these advancements will lead to earlier and more precise diagnoses,better treatment options,and improved outcomes in patients with CPP and other brain tumors.展开更多
Objective： To assess zero drift of intra- ventricular and subdural intracranial pressure （ICP） moni- toring systems. Methods： A prospective study was conducted in pa- tients who received Codman ICP monitoring in ...Objective： To assess zero drift of intra- ventricular and subdural intracranial pressure （ICP） moni- toring systems. Methods： A prospective study was conducted in pa- tients who received Codman ICP monitoring in the neuro- surgical department from January 2010 to December 2011. According to the location of sensors, the patients were ca- tegorized into two groups： intraventricular group and sub- dural group. Zero drift between the two groups and its as- sociation with the duration of ICP monitor were analyzed. Results： Totally, 22 patients undergoing intraven- tricular ICP monitoring and 27 receiving subdural ICP moni- toring were enrolled. There was no significant difference in duration of ICP monitoring, zero drift value and its absolute value between intraventricular and subdural groups （5.38 d± 2.58 d vs 4.58 d.±2.24 d, 0.77 mmHg±2.18 mmHg vs 1.03 mmHg±2.06mmHg, 1.68 mmHg~.l.55 mmHgvs 1.70mmHg.t_l.53 mmHg, respectively; all P〉0.05）. Absolute value of zero drift in both groups significantly rose with the increased duration of ICP monitoring （P〈0.05） while zero drift value did not. Moreover, daily absolute value in the intraventricular group was sig- nificantly smaller than that in the subdural group （0.27 mm Hg_＋ 0.32 mm Hg vs 0.29 mm Hg_-_＊0.18 mm Hg, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： This study demonstrates that absolute value of zero drift significantly correlates with duration of both intraventricular and subdural ICP monitoring. Due to the smaller daily absolute value, ICP values recorded from intraventficular system may be more reliable than those from subdural system.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Youths (General Program),No.30801464the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program),No.2007CB512705the GIST Systems Biology Program of Korea in 2010
文摘We examined a new method for visualization of the primo vascular system in the rat brain involving lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue. Results showed that the primo vascular system in the lateral ventricles and arachnoid mater of the brain were preferentially stained relative to blood vessels and fascia. The primo-vessels along blood vessels in the brain were clearly exhibited. In addition, the primo vascular system was evident between the fourth ventricle and the quadrigeminal cistern. Our experimental findings indicate that this new technique of lateral ventricle injection of trypan blue can visualize the primo vascular system in lateral ventricles and arachnoid mater of rats in situ.
基金Science Foundation of Hebei Provincial Science & Technology Department, No.08726101D-20Science Foundation of Hebei Provincial Education Department, No. 2008301
文摘BACKGROUND：Leptin regulates neuroendocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis in humans. OBJECTIVE： To verify effects of intracerebroventricular leptin injection on neuroendocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis in ovariectomized rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Basic Medical Institute, Chengde Medical College between June and October 2007. MATERIALS： Thirty healthy, female, Wistar rats were included in this study. The following compounds were used： leptin; gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） and luteinizing hormone （LH） enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. METHODS： Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups at 1, 2, and 4 hours after injection. Each group was subdivided into control and experimental groups （n = 5 animals per group and time point）. All rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy and, beginning on day 7 after surgery, animals received daily subcutaneous injections of estradiol benzoate （2 μg） for 7 consecutive days. The experimental groups were injected with 5 μL leptin （1 g/L） into the lateral cerebral ventricle, and control groups received an equal volume of physiological saline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： GnRH and LH secretion were examined 1, 2, and 4 hours after injection using GnRH and LH ELISA kits, respectively. RESULTS： In the experimental groups, GnRH secretion significantly increased （P 〈 0.01）, followed by LH secretion （P 〈 0.01）, compared with the control groups. GnRH secretion significantly increased 1 hour after leptin injection （P 〈 0.01）. The LH increase was less pronounced, but still significant （P 〈 0.01）; however, the most prominent LH increase occurred between 1 and 2 hours. Both GnRH and LH secretion reached peak levels at 2 hours after leptin injection. Thereafter, both GnRH and LH secretion decreased, but still maintained very high levels, compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Intracerebroventricular leptin injection produced similar effects on GnRH and LH secretion in ovariectomized rats, indicating regulatory effects of leptin on GnRH and LH secretion.
文摘Choroid plexus papilloma(CPP)is a rare,slow-growing,and typically benign brain tumor that predominantly affects children.CPP is characterized by well-defined circular or lobulated masses in the ventricles,leading to symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus.CPP diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical presentation,imaging findings,and histological examination.The World Health Organization(WHO)classification categorizes choroid plexus tumors into CPP(Grade Ⅰ),atypical CPP(aCPP,Grade Ⅱ),and choroid plexus carcinoma(CPC,Grade Ⅲ).This article reviewed current diagnostics modalities and explored the emergence of new diagnostic methods for CPP.Research on molecular markers and genetic alterations associated with CPP is ongoing,and some potential markers have been identified.These results offered insights into potential therapeutic targets and personalized treatment approaches for CPP.Advancements in radiomics and liquid biopsy hold promise for improving diagnostic accuracy and monitoring treatment outcomes for choroid plexus tumors.Radiomics can provide quantitative data from imaging studies,whereas liquid biopsy can analyze tumor-derived genetic material and molecular markers from body fluids,such as cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and blood.The rapidly evolving fields of molecular and genetic research and novel diagnostic methods require continuous updates and advancements before their application in clinical practice.We hope that these advancements will lead to earlier and more precise diagnoses,better treatment options,and improved outcomes in patients with CPP and other brain tumors.
文摘Objective： To assess zero drift of intra- ventricular and subdural intracranial pressure （ICP） moni- toring systems. Methods： A prospective study was conducted in pa- tients who received Codman ICP monitoring in the neuro- surgical department from January 2010 to December 2011. According to the location of sensors, the patients were ca- tegorized into two groups： intraventricular group and sub- dural group. Zero drift between the two groups and its as- sociation with the duration of ICP monitor were analyzed. Results： Totally, 22 patients undergoing intraven- tricular ICP monitoring and 27 receiving subdural ICP moni- toring were enrolled. There was no significant difference in duration of ICP monitoring, zero drift value and its absolute value between intraventricular and subdural groups （5.38 d± 2.58 d vs 4.58 d.±2.24 d, 0.77 mmHg±2.18 mmHg vs 1.03 mmHg±2.06mmHg, 1.68 mmHg~.l.55 mmHgvs 1.70mmHg.t_l.53 mmHg, respectively; all P〉0.05）. Absolute value of zero drift in both groups significantly rose with the increased duration of ICP monitoring （P〈0.05） while zero drift value did not. Moreover, daily absolute value in the intraventricular group was sig- nificantly smaller than that in the subdural group （0.27 mm Hg_＋ 0.32 mm Hg vs 0.29 mm Hg_-_＊0.18 mm Hg, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： This study demonstrates that absolute value of zero drift significantly correlates with duration of both intraventricular and subdural ICP monitoring. Due to the smaller daily absolute value, ICP values recorded from intraventficular system may be more reliable than those from subdural system.
