Spinal cord injury causes accumulation of a large number of leukocytes at the lesion site where they contribute to excessive inflammation.Overproduced chemokines are responsible for the migratory process of the leukoc...Spinal cord injury causes accumulation of a large number of leukocytes at the lesion site where they contribute to excessive inflammation.Overproduced chemokines are responsible for the migratory process of the leukocytes,but the regulatory mechanism underlying the production of chemokines from resident cells of the spinal cord has not been fully elucidated.We examined the protein levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 in a spinal cord contusion model at different time points following spinal cord injury.The elevation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor at the lesion site coincided with the increase of chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 abundance in astrocytes.Stimulation of primary cultured astrocytes with different concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor recombinant protein induced chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 production from the cells,and the macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibitor 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine attenuated the stimulatory effect.Further investigation into the underlying mechanism on macrophage migration inhibitory factor-mediated astrocytic production of chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 revealed that macrophage migration inhibitory factor activated intracellular JNK signaling through binding with CD74 receptor.Administration of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibitor 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine following spinal cord injury resulted in the reduction of chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2-recruited microglia/macrophages at the lesion site and remarkably improved the hindlimb locomotor function of rats.Our results have provided insights into the functions of astrocyte-activated chemokines in the recruitment of leukocytes and may be beneficial to develop interventions targeting chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 for neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury.展开更多
Classically,chemokines were described as small proteins driving leukocyte migration.Nonetheless,more and more studies are showing the great variety of cell functions and tissues in which they participate,including neu...Classically,chemokines were described as small proteins driving leukocyte migration.Nonetheless,more and more studies are showing the great variety of cell functions and tissues in which they participate,including neural cells.During the last years,research has highlighted the importance of chemokines in the nervous system,governing a wide range of processes (MesquidaVeny et al.,2021).This is evidenced for example by the crucial role played by CXCL12 during cortical development,or the homeostatic role of neuronal CX3CL1,preventing microglial activation.We are now certain that many chemokines and their receptors are widely expressed in neurons,and growing evidence has shown them as fundamental players in direct neuronal communication,both during homeostasis and after insult.展开更多
目的从动物和细胞两个层面探讨趋化因子配体7[chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 7,CXCL7]/趋化因子受体2(CXCR2)轴在肥胖相关认知功能障碍中的作用机制。方法高脂饮食诱导的肥胖模型(diet-induced obesity,DIO),采用新物体识别实验检测认...目的从动物和细胞两个层面探讨趋化因子配体7[chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 7,CXCL7]/趋化因子受体2(CXCR2)轴在肥胖相关认知功能障碍中的作用机制。方法高脂饮食诱导的肥胖模型(diet-induced obesity,DIO),采用新物体识别实验检测认知水平;免疫荧光染色法观察海马小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞的活化水平以及小鼠突触后密度蛋白95(postsynaptic density protein 95,PSD95)的含量。采用ELISA法测定海马组织CXCL7的含量;高尔基染色法测定海马神经元树突棘密度。其次,分别使用重组小鼠CXCL7和干扰CXCR2表达的si-RNA处理HT22小鼠海马神经元细胞系。用细胞免疫荧光染色法观察HT22细胞的CXCL7和PSD95的表达水平。结果与Ctrl组小鼠比较,DIO组小鼠在新物体识别实验中的辨别指数明显降低;伴有海马小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞的活化水平明显升高,PSD95的含量减少,神经元的树突棘密度降低,CXCL7的含量明显升高。与DIO组小鼠相比,AWL组小鼠在新物体识别实验中的辨别指数明显升高。与Ctrl组细胞比,Ctrl+CXCL7组的PSD95水平降低;与Ctrl+CXCL7组细胞比,si-CXCR2+CXCL7组的PSD95水平升高。结论高脂饮食诱导肥胖小鼠的中枢神经炎症,进而引起认知功能障碍,可能是与CXCL7/CXCR2轴介导的突触可塑性改变有关。展开更多
目的探究利拉鲁肽与西格列汀对早期2型糖尿病肾病(T2DN)患者肾脏血流动力学及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血清胱抑素C(CysC)、单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)的影响。方法选取2020年12月—2022年12月邯郸市第一医院内分泌一科收治的早期...目的探究利拉鲁肽与西格列汀对早期2型糖尿病肾病(T2DN)患者肾脏血流动力学及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血清胱抑素C(CysC)、单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)的影响。方法选取2020年12月—2022年12月邯郸市第一医院内分泌一科收治的早期T2DN患者110例为研究对象。按随机数排秩法将患者分为对照组(n=55)与观察组(n=55)。对照组予以西格列汀治疗,观察组予以利拉鲁肽联合西格列汀治疗,2组患者均治疗12周。比较2组疗效、血糖指标、双肾主动脉(MRA)和叶间动脉(IRA)的肾脏血流动力学指标、NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1以及不良反应发生情况,分析尿蛋白排泄率(UAER)与血清NLR、CysC、MCP-1的关系。结果观察组总有效率为90.91%,高于对照组的67.27%(χ^(2)/P=9.290/0.002)。治疗12周后,2组HbA_(1c)、FPG、2 h PG水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(t/P=4.222/<0.001、6.064/<0.001、6.648/<0.001);2组IRA、MRA的Vdmin、Vsmax较治疗前升高,且观察组较对照组升高更明显(t/P=3.733/<0.001、6.800/<0.001,2.598/0.011、2.043/0.043);2组IRA、MRA的PI、RI较治疗前降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显(t/P=4.194/<0.001、3.933/<0.001,3.265/0.001、6.171/<0.001);2组UAER、NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1水平较治疗前明显降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显(t/P=14.534/<0.001、2.609/0.010、9.795/<0.001、6.618/<0.001);Pearson分析,NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1与UAER均呈正相关(r=0.513、0.764、0.685,P均<0.001)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)/P=0.910/0.340)。结论利拉鲁肽联合西格列汀治疗早期T2DN具有良好疗效,可有效改善肾脏血流动力学,调节NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1水平,保护肾功能。展开更多
BACKGROUND Grasping the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease(AD)is still a work in progress,and existing diagnostic techniques encounter various obstacles.Therefore,the discovery of dependable biomarkers i...BACKGROUND Grasping the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease(AD)is still a work in progress,and existing diagnostic techniques encounter various obstacles.Therefore,the discovery of dependable biomarkers is essential for early detection,tracking the disease's advancement,and steering treatment strategies.AIM To explore the diagnostic potential of serum CXCL12,sCD22,Lp-PLA2,and their ratios in AD,aiming to enhance early detection and inform targeted treatment strategies.METHODS The study was conducted in Dongying people's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022.Participants included 60 AD patients(AD group)and 60 healthy people(control group).Using a prospective case-control design,the levels of CXCL12,sCD22 and Lp-PLA2 and their ratios were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit in the diagnosis of AD.The differences between the two groups were analyzed by statistical methods,and the corresponding ratio was constructed to improve the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis.RESULTS Serum CXCL12 levels were higher in the AD group(47.2±8.5 ng/mL)than the control group(32.8±5.7 ng/mL,P<0.001),while sCD22 levels were lower(14.3±2.1 ng/mL vs 18.9±3.4 ng/mL,P<0.01).Lp-PLA2 levels were also higher in the AD group(112.5±20.6 ng/mL vs 89.7±15.2 ng/mL,P<0.05).Significant differences were noted in CXCL12/sCD22(3.3 vs 1.7,P<0.001)and Lp-PLA-2/sCD22 ratios(8.0 vs 5.2,P<0.05)between the groups.Receiver operating characteristic analysis confirmed high sensitivity and specificity of these markers and their ratios in distinguishing AD,with area under the curves ranging from CONCLUSION Serum CXCL12 and Lp-PLA2 levels were significantly increased,while sCD22 were significantly decreased,as well as increases in the ratios of CXCL12/sCD22 and Lp-PLA2/sCD22,are closely related to the onset of AD.These biomarkers and their ratios can be used as potential diagnostic indicators for AD,providing an important clinical reference for early intervention and treatment.展开更多
We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide(H2S)has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.However,the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation r...We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide(H2S)has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.However,the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation remains unclear.In this study,we used a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury and a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cell model and found that treatment with L-cysteine,a H2S precursor,attenuated the cerebral infarction and cerebral atrophy induced by hypoxia and ischemia and increased the expression of miR-9-5p and cystathionineβsynthase(a major H2S synthetase in the brain)in the prefrontal cortex.We also found that an miR-9-5p inhibitor blocked the expression of cystathionineβsynthase in the prefrontal cortex in mice with brain injury caused by hypoxia and ischemia.Furthermore,miR-9-5p overexpression increased cystathionine-β-synthase and H2S expression in the injured prefrontal cortex of mice with hypoxic ischemic brain injury.L-cysteine decreased the expression of CXCL11,an miR-9-5p target gene,in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse model and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells and increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines BNIP3,FSTL1,SOCS2 and SOCS5,while treatment with an miR-9-5p inhibitor reversed these changes.These findings suggest that H2S can reduce neuroinflammation in a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury through regulating the miR-9-5p/CXCL11 axis and restoringβ-synthase expression,thereby playing a role in reducing neuroinflammation in hypoxic ischemic brain injury.展开更多
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2020M681689(to YMH)the Basic Scientific Research Projects of Nantong,Nos.JC2020015(to HX)and JC2020041(to YMH)。
文摘Spinal cord injury causes accumulation of a large number of leukocytes at the lesion site where they contribute to excessive inflammation.Overproduced chemokines are responsible for the migratory process of the leukocytes,but the regulatory mechanism underlying the production of chemokines from resident cells of the spinal cord has not been fully elucidated.We examined the protein levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 in a spinal cord contusion model at different time points following spinal cord injury.The elevation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor at the lesion site coincided with the increase of chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 abundance in astrocytes.Stimulation of primary cultured astrocytes with different concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor recombinant protein induced chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 production from the cells,and the macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibitor 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine attenuated the stimulatory effect.Further investigation into the underlying mechanism on macrophage migration inhibitory factor-mediated astrocytic production of chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 revealed that macrophage migration inhibitory factor activated intracellular JNK signaling through binding with CD74 receptor.Administration of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibitor 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine following spinal cord injury resulted in the reduction of chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2-recruited microglia/macrophages at the lesion site and remarkably improved the hindlimb locomotor function of rats.Our results have provided insights into the functions of astrocyte-activated chemokines in the recruitment of leukocytes and may be beneficial to develop interventions targeting chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 for neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury.
基金HDAC3-EAE-SCI Project with ref.PID2020-119769RA-I00 from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 to AH。
文摘Classically,chemokines were described as small proteins driving leukocyte migration.Nonetheless,more and more studies are showing the great variety of cell functions and tissues in which they participate,including neural cells.During the last years,research has highlighted the importance of chemokines in the nervous system,governing a wide range of processes (MesquidaVeny et al.,2021).This is evidenced for example by the crucial role played by CXCL12 during cortical development,or the homeostatic role of neuronal CX3CL1,preventing microglial activation.We are now certain that many chemokines and their receptors are widely expressed in neurons,and growing evidence has shown them as fundamental players in direct neuronal communication,both during homeostasis and after insult.
文摘目的从动物和细胞两个层面探讨趋化因子配体7[chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 7,CXCL7]/趋化因子受体2(CXCR2)轴在肥胖相关认知功能障碍中的作用机制。方法高脂饮食诱导的肥胖模型(diet-induced obesity,DIO),采用新物体识别实验检测认知水平;免疫荧光染色法观察海马小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞的活化水平以及小鼠突触后密度蛋白95(postsynaptic density protein 95,PSD95)的含量。采用ELISA法测定海马组织CXCL7的含量;高尔基染色法测定海马神经元树突棘密度。其次,分别使用重组小鼠CXCL7和干扰CXCR2表达的si-RNA处理HT22小鼠海马神经元细胞系。用细胞免疫荧光染色法观察HT22细胞的CXCL7和PSD95的表达水平。结果与Ctrl组小鼠比较,DIO组小鼠在新物体识别实验中的辨别指数明显降低;伴有海马小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞的活化水平明显升高,PSD95的含量减少,神经元的树突棘密度降低,CXCL7的含量明显升高。与DIO组小鼠相比,AWL组小鼠在新物体识别实验中的辨别指数明显升高。与Ctrl组细胞比,Ctrl+CXCL7组的PSD95水平降低;与Ctrl+CXCL7组细胞比,si-CXCR2+CXCL7组的PSD95水平升高。结论高脂饮食诱导肥胖小鼠的中枢神经炎症,进而引起认知功能障碍,可能是与CXCL7/CXCR2轴介导的突触可塑性改变有关。
文摘目的探究利拉鲁肽与西格列汀对早期2型糖尿病肾病(T2DN)患者肾脏血流动力学及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血清胱抑素C(CysC)、单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)的影响。方法选取2020年12月—2022年12月邯郸市第一医院内分泌一科收治的早期T2DN患者110例为研究对象。按随机数排秩法将患者分为对照组(n=55)与观察组(n=55)。对照组予以西格列汀治疗,观察组予以利拉鲁肽联合西格列汀治疗,2组患者均治疗12周。比较2组疗效、血糖指标、双肾主动脉(MRA)和叶间动脉(IRA)的肾脏血流动力学指标、NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1以及不良反应发生情况,分析尿蛋白排泄率(UAER)与血清NLR、CysC、MCP-1的关系。结果观察组总有效率为90.91%,高于对照组的67.27%(χ^(2)/P=9.290/0.002)。治疗12周后,2组HbA_(1c)、FPG、2 h PG水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(t/P=4.222/<0.001、6.064/<0.001、6.648/<0.001);2组IRA、MRA的Vdmin、Vsmax较治疗前升高,且观察组较对照组升高更明显(t/P=3.733/<0.001、6.800/<0.001,2.598/0.011、2.043/0.043);2组IRA、MRA的PI、RI较治疗前降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显(t/P=4.194/<0.001、3.933/<0.001,3.265/0.001、6.171/<0.001);2组UAER、NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1水平较治疗前明显降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显(t/P=14.534/<0.001、2.609/0.010、9.795/<0.001、6.618/<0.001);Pearson分析,NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1与UAER均呈正相关(r=0.513、0.764、0.685,P均<0.001)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)/P=0.910/0.340)。结论利拉鲁肽联合西格列汀治疗早期T2DN具有良好疗效,可有效改善肾脏血流动力学,调节NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1水平,保护肾功能。
文摘BACKGROUND Grasping the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease(AD)is still a work in progress,and existing diagnostic techniques encounter various obstacles.Therefore,the discovery of dependable biomarkers is essential for early detection,tracking the disease's advancement,and steering treatment strategies.AIM To explore the diagnostic potential of serum CXCL12,sCD22,Lp-PLA2,and their ratios in AD,aiming to enhance early detection and inform targeted treatment strategies.METHODS The study was conducted in Dongying people's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022.Participants included 60 AD patients(AD group)and 60 healthy people(control group).Using a prospective case-control design,the levels of CXCL12,sCD22 and Lp-PLA2 and their ratios were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit in the diagnosis of AD.The differences between the two groups were analyzed by statistical methods,and the corresponding ratio was constructed to improve the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis.RESULTS Serum CXCL12 levels were higher in the AD group(47.2±8.5 ng/mL)than the control group(32.8±5.7 ng/mL,P<0.001),while sCD22 levels were lower(14.3±2.1 ng/mL vs 18.9±3.4 ng/mL,P<0.01).Lp-PLA2 levels were also higher in the AD group(112.5±20.6 ng/mL vs 89.7±15.2 ng/mL,P<0.05).Significant differences were noted in CXCL12/sCD22(3.3 vs 1.7,P<0.001)and Lp-PLA-2/sCD22 ratios(8.0 vs 5.2,P<0.05)between the groups.Receiver operating characteristic analysis confirmed high sensitivity and specificity of these markers and their ratios in distinguishing AD,with area under the curves ranging from CONCLUSION Serum CXCL12 and Lp-PLA2 levels were significantly increased,while sCD22 were significantly decreased,as well as increases in the ratios of CXCL12/sCD22 and Lp-PLA2/sCD22,are closely related to the onset of AD.These biomarkers and their ratios can be used as potential diagnostic indicators for AD,providing an important clinical reference for early intervention and treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271327(to ZW),82072535(to ZW),81873768(to ZW),and 82001253(to TL).
文摘We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide(H2S)has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.However,the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation remains unclear.In this study,we used a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury and a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cell model and found that treatment with L-cysteine,a H2S precursor,attenuated the cerebral infarction and cerebral atrophy induced by hypoxia and ischemia and increased the expression of miR-9-5p and cystathionineβsynthase(a major H2S synthetase in the brain)in the prefrontal cortex.We also found that an miR-9-5p inhibitor blocked the expression of cystathionineβsynthase in the prefrontal cortex in mice with brain injury caused by hypoxia and ischemia.Furthermore,miR-9-5p overexpression increased cystathionine-β-synthase and H2S expression in the injured prefrontal cortex of mice with hypoxic ischemic brain injury.L-cysteine decreased the expression of CXCL11,an miR-9-5p target gene,in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse model and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells and increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines BNIP3,FSTL1,SOCS2 and SOCS5,while treatment with an miR-9-5p inhibitor reversed these changes.These findings suggest that H2S can reduce neuroinflammation in a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury through regulating the miR-9-5p/CXCL11 axis and restoringβ-synthase expression,thereby playing a role in reducing neuroinflammation in hypoxic ischemic brain injury.
