The Fine Structure Constant (α) is a dimensionless value that guides much of quantum physics but with no scientific insight into why this specific number. The number defines the coupling constant for the strength of ...The Fine Structure Constant (α) is a dimensionless value that guides much of quantum physics but with no scientific insight into why this specific number. The number defines the coupling constant for the strength of the electromagnetic force and is precisely tuned to make our universe functional. This study introduces a novel approach to understanding a conceptual model for how this critical number is part of a larger design rather than a random accident of nature. The Fine Structure Constant (FSC) model employs a Python program to calculate n-dimensional property sets for prime number universes where α equals the whole number values 137 and 139, representing twin prime universes without a fractional constant. Each property is defined by theoretical prime number sets that represent focal points of matter and wave energy in their respective universes. This work aims to determine if these prime number sets can reproduce the observed α value, giving it a definable structure. The result of the FSC model produces a α value equal to 137.036, an almost exact match. Furthermore, the model indicates that other twin prime pairs also have a role in our functional universe, providing a hierarchy for atomic orbital energy levels and alignment with the principal and azimuthal quantum numbers. In addition, it construes stable matter as property sets with the highest ratio of twin prime elements. These results provide a new perspective on a mathematical structure that shapes our universe and, if valid, has the structural complexity to guide future research.展开更多
The conceptual model is the first time abstraction ceptual model description method based on the UML and the of the real world. The traditional con- text usually has the semantic ambiguity problem. The formal descript...The conceptual model is the first time abstraction ceptual model description method based on the UML and the of the real world. The traditional con- text usually has the semantic ambiguity problem. The formal description method lacks the mechanism of integrity and consistency check. Therefore both of them cannot support the simulation scenario description and the model compos- ability. A simulation conceptual description method based on ontology is put forward. According to the OWL language which was put forward by the W3C organization, a conceptual model description language is established. The OWL language semantic element in the description function in the mili- tary conceptual model is introduced. Then two layers of the military conceptual model framework are built up based on the general ontology and the domain ontology. In the general ontology, the class and property definition are given. While in the domain ontology, they are extended and a relat- ed example is given. The technique advantages of our method include the mechanism of conceptual model consistency and integrity check, the support of composable simulation models, and automatic creation of simulation scenario.展开更多
Urban competitiveness is always the focus of researches on urban economy. The variety of definitions and evaluation systems of urban competitiveness are the results of lack of accurate and comprehensive understanding ...Urban competitiveness is always the focus of researches on urban economy. The variety of definitions and evaluation systems of urban competitiveness are the results of lack of accurate and comprehensive understanding on urban competitiveness. This paper reviews five groups of definitions on urban competitiveness and establishes a conceptual model for urban competitiveness.展开更多
The components of map information are analyzed theoretically in this paper,and the map information includes mainly the spatial information,attributive information and temporal characteristics information.Then the digi...The components of map information are analyzed theoretically in this paper,and the map information includes mainly the spatial information,attributive information and temporal characteristics information.Then the digital map entity is defined according to construction characteristics of the map information.Finally,on the basis of the analyses of the construction characteristics of digital map entity and present conceptual model of digital map database,an abstracted conceptual model of digital map database is presented.And the Normal Form theory of relational database is discussed particularly.展开更多
Reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR are used to systematically study preceding signals of monthly precipitation anomalies in the early raining season of Guangdong province, from the viewpoints of 500-hPa geopotential heigh...Reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR are used to systematically study preceding signals of monthly precipitation anomalies in the early raining season of Guangdong province, from the viewpoints of 500-hPa geopotential height field, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) field, sea surface temperature (SST) and fourteen indexes of general circulation depicting atmosphere activity at high, middle and low latitutes. Being multiple tools of information, a number of conceptual models are formulated that are useful for prediction of the magnitude of monthly precipitation (drought, flood and normal conditionss).展开更多
A modelling framework based on functional surface is presented to support conceptual design of mechanical products. The framework organizes product information in an abstract and multilevel manner. It consists of two ...A modelling framework based on functional surface is presented to support conceptual design of mechanical products. The framework organizes product information in an abstract and multilevel manner. It consists of two mapping processes： function decomposition process and form reconstitution process. The steady mapping relationship from function to form （function-functional surface-form） is realized by taking functional surface as the middle layer. It farthest reduces the possibilities of combinatorial explosion that can occur during function decomposition and form reconstitution. Finally, CAD tools are developed and an auto-bender machine is applied to demonstrate the proposed approach展开更多
A systems approach is used to describe the generation and variation of wastewater in an urban area. This is a multivariable system and its combined response at the outlet of this system, which is usually the entrance ...A systems approach is used to describe the generation and variation of wastewater in an urban area. This is a multivariable system and its combined response at the outlet of this system, which is usually the entrance ofa wastewater treatment plant, depends on a number of environmental （precipitation and temperature） as well as social （size of the urban area, population changes, water consumption per capita） variables. There is a large number of available models and tools for describing the urban water system, however, the interactions between the individual components are rarely considered within the same modelling framework. In this paper a parsimonious methodology is proposed in order to understand and estimate the wastewater generation and its characteristics in an urban area using any information provided by the available data. The model incorporates both the flows of stormwater discharge and wastewater production that arrive to the wastewater treatment plant. A state dependent variable is introduced to simulate the consumptive uses in the urban area. Data availability and system＇s complexity affect the ability to achieve enhanced model performance, however, in the presented case study, preliminary results from the application of the presented model in the Greater Athens Area illustrate the potential of the conceptual modelling approach.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of abstract and polytype information modeling in product conceptual design, a method of conceptual modeling based on logical expression and evolvement is presented. Based on the logic expressions...Aiming at the problem of abstract and polytype information modeling in product conceptual design, a method of conceptual modeling based on logical expression and evolvement is presented. Based on the logic expressions of the product conceptual design information, a fimction/logic/strucmre mapping model is set up. First, the fimction semantics is transformed into logical expressions through fimction/logic mapping. Second, the methods of logical evolvement are utilized to describe the fimction analysis, fimction/strucmre mapping and structure combination. Last, the logical structure scheme is transformed into geometrical sketch through logic/structure mapping. The conceptual design information and modeling process are described uniformly with logical methods in the model, and an effective method for computer aided conceptual design based on the model is implemented.展开更多
The continuous aquifers of the Congolese Cuvette basin constitute the seat of significant water tables reversibly supplying the Congo River basin as well as the water tables they drain. Consisting mainly of sandy-clay...The continuous aquifers of the Congolese Cuvette basin constitute the seat of significant water tables reversibly supplying the Congo River basin as well as the water tables they drain. Consisting mainly of sandy-clayey-sandstone formations, these aquifers contain groundwater which is the main source of drinking water supply for communities in this sector of the departments Cuvette and Cuvette-Ouest. The need for water being more and more acute, these aquifers have been subjected to drilling operations in order to supply drinking water to these populations. The information obtained from these operations is data which made it possible to obtain information relating to the lithology, the hydrogeological parameters of these aquifers and information on the depth and on the lateral variations of the water table. The purpose of this present work is to contribute to the hydrogeological characterization of the aquifer of the Cuvette basin in the departments of Cuvette and Cuvette-Ouest via data from the analysis of the technical sheets of drillings carried out by the ASPERBRAS Company, collected at the Ministry of Major Works and territory planning. This characterization was made using Visual MODFLOW Flex 2015.1 software coupled with Surfer 10 software and Rock Works 17 software. The hydrogeological interpretation of the data shows that this aquifer, whose constitution is essentially made up of sands, clayey sands and clay, is continuous, porous and free. This composition gives the aquifer of Cuvette basin a heterogeneous character. In addition, a piezometric map was produced in order to indicate the direction of the water flows which turned out to be from west to east towards the lowest areas occupied by the valleys of the rivers and rivers. The conceptual model shows that the depth of the aquifer deceases considerably from the Cuvette-Ouest towards the Cuvette.展开更多
Marahoué watershed, located in the Center West of Côte d’Ivoire, has experienced significant population growth in recent decades. And a major economic boom linked to intense agricultural activity and th...Marahoué watershed, located in the Center West of Côte d’Ivoire, has experienced significant population growth in recent decades. And a major economic boom linked to intense agricultural activity and the presence of certain industries. This population growth is also accompanied by seasonal water shortages. Hence it needs to better manage the basin’s groundwater, which is a permanent resource and more resistant than surface water to climatic hazards. The objective of this study is therefore to propose a conceptual model of hydrogeological flow for the sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources in the Marahoué watershed. The establishment of the conceptual model was carried out in two stages. The first step consisted in defining the stratigraphic units. For this purpose, three units have been defined. These are the layer of alterite, the useful fissured horizon and the sound basement. The thickness of the layer of alterite varies from 0 to 80 m with an average of 26 m. As for the useful fissured horizon, its thickness is between 43 and 46.5 with an average of 45 m. In addition, the roof of the basement presents a slightly uneven morphology with a North-West, South-East dip and the altitudes are between 150 and 390 m. The second step corresponds to the phase of determining the hydrodynamic parameters. During this phase, the crack porosity, the transmissivity, the conductivity, the storage coefficient, the hydrological balance and the piezometric map were determined. Indeed, these parameters (the crack porosity, the transmissivity, the conductivity and the storage coefficient) confirm not only the heterogeneity of the medium but that the cracked horizon is sufficiently porous to be assimilated to an equivalent continuous medium during the simulation.展开更多
Firstly,this paper expounds the conceptual connotation of inservice assessment in the new system,then applies modeling and Simulation in the field of in-service assessment,establishes the conceptual model of inservice...Firstly,this paper expounds the conceptual connotation of inservice assessment in the new system,then applies modeling and Simulation in the field of in-service assessment,establishes the conceptual model of inservice assessment and its process,and finally analyzes the application of modeling and simulation in the specific links of in-service assessment.展开更多
How to measure the quality of conceptual models is an important issue in the IS field and related research. This paper conducts a review of research in measuring conceptual model quality and identifies the major theor...How to measure the quality of conceptual models is an important issue in the IS field and related research. This paper conducts a review of research in measuring conceptual model quality and identifies the major theoretical and practical issues that need to be addressed in future studies. We review current classification frameworks for conceptual model quality and practice of measuring conceptual model quality. Based on the review, challenges for studies of measuring the quality of conceptual models are proposed and these challenges are also research points which should be strengthened in future studies.展开更多
This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for struct...This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for structuring and analyzing data is underlined, as it enables the measurement of the adequacy between training and the needs of the labor market. The innovation of the study lies in the adaptation of the MERISE model to the local context, the development of innovative indicators, and the integration of a participatory approach including all relevant stakeholders. Contextual adaptation and local innovation: The study suggests adapting MERISE to the specific context of the Republic of Congo, considering the local particularities of the labor market. Development of innovative indicators and new measurement tools: It proposes creating indicators to assess skills matching and employer satisfaction, which are crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training. Participatory approach and inclusion of stakeholders: The study emphasizes actively involving training centers, employers, and recruitment agencies in the evaluation process. This participatory approach ensures that the perspectives of all stakeholders are considered, leading to more relevant and practical outcomes. Using the MERISE model allows for: • Rigorous data structuring, organization, and standardization: Clearly defining entities and relationships facilitates data organization and standardization, crucial for effective data analysis. • Facilitation of monitoring, analysis, and relevant indicators: Developing both quantitative and qualitative indicators helps measure the effectiveness of training in relation to the labor market, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation. • Improved communication and common language: By providing a common language for different stakeholders, MERISE enhances communication and collaboration, ensuring that all parties have a shared understanding. The study’s approach and contribution to existing research lie in: • Structured theoretical and practical framework and holistic approach: The study offers a structured framework for data collection and analysis, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects, thus providing a comprehensive view of the training system. • Reproducible methodology and international comparison: The proposed methodology can be replicated in other contexts, facilitating international comparison and the adoption of best practices. • Extension of knowledge and new perspective: By integrating a participatory approach and developing indicators adapted to local needs, the study extends existing research and offers new perspectives on vocational training evaluation.展开更多
Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view ...Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view to sustainable development. The territorial scale of municipalities is not sufficient for this necessary contextualization;the scale of the “village terroir” seems to be a better option. This is the hypothesis we put forward in the framework of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems program (CRFS), i.e. local context is spatially defined by village terroir. The study is based on data collected through participatory mapping and surveys in “village terroirs” in three regions of Niger (Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri). Then the links between farm managers and their cultivated land, as well as the spatio-temporal dynamics of local context are analyzed. This study provides evidence of the existence and functional usefulness of the village terroir for farmers, their land management and their activities. It demonstrates the usefulness of contextualizing agricultural options at this scale. Their analysis elucidates the links between “terroirs village” and the specific functioning of the agrosocio-ecosystems acting on each of them, thus laying the systemic and geographical foundations for a model of the spatio- temporal dynamics of “village terroirs”. This initial work has opened up new perspectives in modeling and sustainable development.展开更多
The Upper Triassic Xujiahe （须家河） Formation in the Sichuan （四川） Basin, Southwest China is distinctive for the basin-scale sand deposition. This relatively rare sedimentary phenomenon has not been well interpre...The Upper Triassic Xujiahe （须家河） Formation in the Sichuan （四川） Basin, Southwest China is distinctive for the basin-scale sand deposition. This relatively rare sedimentary phenomenon has not been well interpreted. Here we addressed this issue by discussing sedimentary framework and conceptual model. Analysis of sedimentary setting implied that the basin received transgression during the deposition. It had multiple provenance supplies and river networks, as being surrounded by old- lands in multiple directions including the north, east and south. Thus, the basin was generally charac-terized by coastal and widely open and shallow lacustrine deposition during the Late Triassic Xujiahe period. This is similar to the modern well-known Poyang （鄱阳） Lake. Therefore, we investigated the framework and conceptual model of the Sichuan Basin during the Xujiahe period with an analogue to the Poyang Lake. Results show that the conceptual model of the deposition can be divided into transgressive and regressive stages. The first, third and fifth mem- bers of the formation are in transgressive stage and the deposits are dominated by shore and shallow lacustrine mud. In contrast, the deposition is mainly of braided river channel sand deposits during the regressive stage, mainly including the second, fourth and sixth members of the formation. The sand deposited in almost the entire basin because of the lateral migration and forward moving of the cross networks of the braided rivers. The multiple alternations of short and rapid transgression and relatively long regression are beneficial to the basin-scale sand deposition. Thus, the main channel of the braided river and its extensional areas are favorable for the development of hydrocarbon reservoir. This provides practical significance to the reservoir evaluation and exploration. In addition, the results also justify the relatively distinctive sedimentary phenomenon in the study area and may also have im- plications for understanding the large-scale sand deposition elsewhere.展开更多
In order to examine the problem of how to improve the use of information technology （IT） in enterprises, this paper makes an exploration from the perspective of organizational absorptive capacity. We propose the con...In order to examine the problem of how to improve the use of information technology （IT） in enterprises, this paper makes an exploration from the perspective of organizational absorptive capacity. We propose the concept of IT absorptive capacity from an organizational level. A dynamic process model is developed to further analyze IT absorption. IT absorptive capacity of this process is embodied as six forms： identification, adoption, adaptation, acceptance, infusion, and knowledge management. By means of questionnaire surveys of 76 Chinese enterprises, the main factors that favor or disable the capacity of each stage are discovered. Using the method of system dynamics, a conceptual model of IT absorptive capacity is developed to analyze the action mechanism of the factors in detail. The model indicates that the critical factors are embodied in the aspect of management. Furthermore, it demonstrates that IT absorption is a spiral process, during which IT absorptive capacity evolves dynamically and, consequently, promotes IT use.展开更多
One of the key challenges in the total maximum daily load(TMDL)development process is how to define the critical condition for a receiving waterbody.The main concern in using a continuous simulation approach is the ab...One of the key challenges in the total maximum daily load(TMDL)development process is how to define the critical condition for a receiving waterbody.The main concern in using a continuous simulation approach is the absence of any guarantee that the most critical condition will be captured during the selected representative hydrologic period,given the scarcity of long-term continuous data.The objectives of this paper are to clearly address the critical condition in the TMDL development process and to compare continuous and event-based approaches in defining critical condition during TMDL development for a waterbody impacted by both point and nonpoint source pollution.A practical,event-based critical flow-storm(CFS)approach was developed to explicitly addresses the critical condition as a combination of a low stream flow and a storm event of a selected magnitude,both having certain frequencies of occurrence.This paper illustrated the CFS concept and provided its theoretical basis using a derived analytical conceptual model.The CFS approach clearly defined a critical condition,obtained reasonable results and could be considered as an alternative method in TMDL development.展开更多
In this letter,we propose a novel three-dimensional conceptual model for an emerging service-oriented simulation paradigm. The model can be used as a guideline or an analytic means to find the potential and possible f...In this letter,we propose a novel three-dimensional conceptual model for an emerging service-oriented simulation paradigm. The model can be used as a guideline or an analytic means to find the potential and possible future directions of the current simulation frameworks. In particular, the model inspects the crossover between the disciplines of modeling and simulation, service-orientation,and software/systems engineering. Finally, two specific simulation frameworks are studied as examples.展开更多
We address a special kind of Internet of Things (IoT) systems that are also real-time. We call them real-time IoT (RT-IoT) systems. An RT-IoT system needs to meet timing constraints of system delay, clock synchronizat...We address a special kind of Internet of Things (IoT) systems that are also real-time. We call them real-time IoT (RT-IoT) systems. An RT-IoT system needs to meet timing constraints of system delay, clock synchronization, deadline, and so on. The timing constraints turn to be more stringent as we get closer to the physical things. Based on the reference architecture of IoT (ISO/IEC 30141), the RT-IoT conceptual model is established. The idea of edge subsystem is introduced. The sensing & con-trolling domain is the basis of the edge subsystem, and the edge subsystem usually must meet the hard real-time constraints. The model includes four perspectives, the time view, computation view, communication view, and control view. Each view looks, from a different angle, at how the time parameters impact an RT-IoT system.展开更多
In a glance,more than three billion people live in the rural areas of low and middle income countries.In most cases,rural households have many unmet energy needs including cooking,lighting,heating,transportation and t...In a glance,more than three billion people live in the rural areas of low and middle income countries.In most cases,rural households have many unmet energy needs including cooking,lighting,heating,transportation and telecommunication needs.The main goal of this study is Implementing Conceptual Model Using Renewable Energies in Rural Area of Iran.In this study,the Weibull and Angestrom distribution methods were used to assess the potential of wind and solar energy range in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province of Iran(The Case study).After determining the values calculated based on meteorological stations’data,the IDW interpolation method in GIS software was used for the entire geographic range of the province.After reviewing multiple regions and identifying potential classes,a village which has the potential to be enough sun and wind energy was selected(Kahkesh village)and then a field survey based on biomass resources was accomplished.The needs of rural residents and rural renewable energy potential was evaluated by study conceptual frameworks during one year.By dividing the value of frameworks energies the amount of energy saving can be calculated.Finally,it recommended that for utilizing the renewable energies in rural areas,as will be discussed in the present work and particularly using the conceptual frameworks,is performed.展开更多
文摘The Fine Structure Constant (α) is a dimensionless value that guides much of quantum physics but with no scientific insight into why this specific number. The number defines the coupling constant for the strength of the electromagnetic force and is precisely tuned to make our universe functional. This study introduces a novel approach to understanding a conceptual model for how this critical number is part of a larger design rather than a random accident of nature. The Fine Structure Constant (FSC) model employs a Python program to calculate n-dimensional property sets for prime number universes where α equals the whole number values 137 and 139, representing twin prime universes without a fractional constant. Each property is defined by theoretical prime number sets that represent focal points of matter and wave energy in their respective universes. This work aims to determine if these prime number sets can reproduce the observed α value, giving it a definable structure. The result of the FSC model produces a α value equal to 137.036, an almost exact match. Furthermore, the model indicates that other twin prime pairs also have a role in our functional universe, providing a hierarchy for atomic orbital energy levels and alignment with the principal and azimuthal quantum numbers. In addition, it construes stable matter as property sets with the highest ratio of twin prime elements. These results provide a new perspective on a mathematical structure that shapes our universe and, if valid, has the structural complexity to guide future research.
文摘The conceptual model is the first time abstraction ceptual model description method based on the UML and the of the real world. The traditional con- text usually has the semantic ambiguity problem. The formal description method lacks the mechanism of integrity and consistency check. Therefore both of them cannot support the simulation scenario description and the model compos- ability. A simulation conceptual description method based on ontology is put forward. According to the OWL language which was put forward by the W3C organization, a conceptual model description language is established. The OWL language semantic element in the description function in the mili- tary conceptual model is introduced. Then two layers of the military conceptual model framework are built up based on the general ontology and the domain ontology. In the general ontology, the class and property definition are given. While in the domain ontology, they are extended and a relat- ed example is given. The technique advantages of our method include the mechanism of conceptual model consistency and integrity check, the support of composable simulation models, and automatic creation of simulation scenario.
文摘Urban competitiveness is always the focus of researches on urban economy. The variety of definitions and evaluation systems of urban competitiveness are the results of lack of accurate and comprehensive understanding on urban competitiveness. This paper reviews five groups of definitions on urban competitiveness and establishes a conceptual model for urban competitiveness.
文摘The components of map information are analyzed theoretically in this paper,and the map information includes mainly the spatial information,attributive information and temporal characteristics information.Then the digital map entity is defined according to construction characteristics of the map information.Finally,on the basis of the analyses of the construction characteristics of digital map entity and present conceptual model of digital map database,an abstracted conceptual model of digital map database is presented.And the Normal Form theory of relational database is discussed particularly.
基金Short-term Climate Prediction Study for Guangdong Province a key project of Guangdong Science and Technology Committee in the national 9th five-year economic development plan Research on Long-term Tendency Prediction System for Floods/Drought and Typh
文摘Reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR are used to systematically study preceding signals of monthly precipitation anomalies in the early raining season of Guangdong province, from the viewpoints of 500-hPa geopotential height field, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) field, sea surface temperature (SST) and fourteen indexes of general circulation depicting atmosphere activity at high, middle and low latitutes. Being multiple tools of information, a number of conceptual models are formulated that are useful for prediction of the magnitude of monthly precipitation (drought, flood and normal conditionss).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （50475129）
文摘A modelling framework based on functional surface is presented to support conceptual design of mechanical products. The framework organizes product information in an abstract and multilevel manner. It consists of two mapping processes： function decomposition process and form reconstitution process. The steady mapping relationship from function to form （function-functional surface-form） is realized by taking functional surface as the middle layer. It farthest reduces the possibilities of combinatorial explosion that can occur during function decomposition and form reconstitution. Finally, CAD tools are developed and an auto-bender machine is applied to demonstrate the proposed approach
文摘A systems approach is used to describe the generation and variation of wastewater in an urban area. This is a multivariable system and its combined response at the outlet of this system, which is usually the entrance ofa wastewater treatment plant, depends on a number of environmental （precipitation and temperature） as well as social （size of the urban area, population changes, water consumption per capita） variables. There is a large number of available models and tools for describing the urban water system, however, the interactions between the individual components are rarely considered within the same modelling framework. In this paper a parsimonious methodology is proposed in order to understand and estimate the wastewater generation and its characteristics in an urban area using any information provided by the available data. The model incorporates both the flows of stormwater discharge and wastewater production that arrive to the wastewater treatment plant. A state dependent variable is introduced to simulate the consumptive uses in the urban area. Data availability and system＇s complexity affect the ability to achieve enhanced model performance, however, in the presented case study, preliminary results from the application of the presented model in the Greater Athens Area illustrate the potential of the conceptual modelling approach.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50405037)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang, China (No. Y105256)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China (No. 20040335060)
文摘Aiming at the problem of abstract and polytype information modeling in product conceptual design, a method of conceptual modeling based on logical expression and evolvement is presented. Based on the logic expressions of the product conceptual design information, a fimction/logic/strucmre mapping model is set up. First, the fimction semantics is transformed into logical expressions through fimction/logic mapping. Second, the methods of logical evolvement are utilized to describe the fimction analysis, fimction/strucmre mapping and structure combination. Last, the logical structure scheme is transformed into geometrical sketch through logic/structure mapping. The conceptual design information and modeling process are described uniformly with logical methods in the model, and an effective method for computer aided conceptual design based on the model is implemented.
文摘The continuous aquifers of the Congolese Cuvette basin constitute the seat of significant water tables reversibly supplying the Congo River basin as well as the water tables they drain. Consisting mainly of sandy-clayey-sandstone formations, these aquifers contain groundwater which is the main source of drinking water supply for communities in this sector of the departments Cuvette and Cuvette-Ouest. The need for water being more and more acute, these aquifers have been subjected to drilling operations in order to supply drinking water to these populations. The information obtained from these operations is data which made it possible to obtain information relating to the lithology, the hydrogeological parameters of these aquifers and information on the depth and on the lateral variations of the water table. The purpose of this present work is to contribute to the hydrogeological characterization of the aquifer of the Cuvette basin in the departments of Cuvette and Cuvette-Ouest via data from the analysis of the technical sheets of drillings carried out by the ASPERBRAS Company, collected at the Ministry of Major Works and territory planning. This characterization was made using Visual MODFLOW Flex 2015.1 software coupled with Surfer 10 software and Rock Works 17 software. The hydrogeological interpretation of the data shows that this aquifer, whose constitution is essentially made up of sands, clayey sands and clay, is continuous, porous and free. This composition gives the aquifer of Cuvette basin a heterogeneous character. In addition, a piezometric map was produced in order to indicate the direction of the water flows which turned out to be from west to east towards the lowest areas occupied by the valleys of the rivers and rivers. The conceptual model shows that the depth of the aquifer deceases considerably from the Cuvette-Ouest towards the Cuvette.
文摘Marahoué watershed, located in the Center West of Côte d’Ivoire, has experienced significant population growth in recent decades. And a major economic boom linked to intense agricultural activity and the presence of certain industries. This population growth is also accompanied by seasonal water shortages. Hence it needs to better manage the basin’s groundwater, which is a permanent resource and more resistant than surface water to climatic hazards. The objective of this study is therefore to propose a conceptual model of hydrogeological flow for the sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources in the Marahoué watershed. The establishment of the conceptual model was carried out in two stages. The first step consisted in defining the stratigraphic units. For this purpose, three units have been defined. These are the layer of alterite, the useful fissured horizon and the sound basement. The thickness of the layer of alterite varies from 0 to 80 m with an average of 26 m. As for the useful fissured horizon, its thickness is between 43 and 46.5 with an average of 45 m. In addition, the roof of the basement presents a slightly uneven morphology with a North-West, South-East dip and the altitudes are between 150 and 390 m. The second step corresponds to the phase of determining the hydrodynamic parameters. During this phase, the crack porosity, the transmissivity, the conductivity, the storage coefficient, the hydrological balance and the piezometric map were determined. Indeed, these parameters (the crack porosity, the transmissivity, the conductivity and the storage coefficient) confirm not only the heterogeneity of the medium but that the cracked horizon is sufficiently porous to be assimilated to an equivalent continuous medium during the simulation.
文摘Firstly,this paper expounds the conceptual connotation of inservice assessment in the new system,then applies modeling and Simulation in the field of in-service assessment,establishes the conceptual model of inservice assessment and its process,and finally analyzes the application of modeling and simulation in the specific links of in-service assessment.
基金supported by the Programs Foundation of Military Theoretical Research under Grant No. 2011C025
文摘How to measure the quality of conceptual models is an important issue in the IS field and related research. This paper conducts a review of research in measuring conceptual model quality and identifies the major theoretical and practical issues that need to be addressed in future studies. We review current classification frameworks for conceptual model quality and practice of measuring conceptual model quality. Based on the review, challenges for studies of measuring the quality of conceptual models are proposed and these challenges are also research points which should be strengthened in future studies.
文摘This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for structuring and analyzing data is underlined, as it enables the measurement of the adequacy between training and the needs of the labor market. The innovation of the study lies in the adaptation of the MERISE model to the local context, the development of innovative indicators, and the integration of a participatory approach including all relevant stakeholders. Contextual adaptation and local innovation: The study suggests adapting MERISE to the specific context of the Republic of Congo, considering the local particularities of the labor market. Development of innovative indicators and new measurement tools: It proposes creating indicators to assess skills matching and employer satisfaction, which are crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training. Participatory approach and inclusion of stakeholders: The study emphasizes actively involving training centers, employers, and recruitment agencies in the evaluation process. This participatory approach ensures that the perspectives of all stakeholders are considered, leading to more relevant and practical outcomes. Using the MERISE model allows for: • Rigorous data structuring, organization, and standardization: Clearly defining entities and relationships facilitates data organization and standardization, crucial for effective data analysis. • Facilitation of monitoring, analysis, and relevant indicators: Developing both quantitative and qualitative indicators helps measure the effectiveness of training in relation to the labor market, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation. • Improved communication and common language: By providing a common language for different stakeholders, MERISE enhances communication and collaboration, ensuring that all parties have a shared understanding. The study’s approach and contribution to existing research lie in: • Structured theoretical and practical framework and holistic approach: The study offers a structured framework for data collection and analysis, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects, thus providing a comprehensive view of the training system. • Reproducible methodology and international comparison: The proposed methodology can be replicated in other contexts, facilitating international comparison and the adoption of best practices. • Extension of knowledge and new perspective: By integrating a participatory approach and developing indicators adapted to local needs, the study extends existing research and offers new perspectives on vocational training evaluation.
文摘Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view to sustainable development. The territorial scale of municipalities is not sufficient for this necessary contextualization;the scale of the “village terroir” seems to be a better option. This is the hypothesis we put forward in the framework of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems program (CRFS), i.e. local context is spatially defined by village terroir. The study is based on data collected through participatory mapping and surveys in “village terroirs” in three regions of Niger (Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri). Then the links between farm managers and their cultivated land, as well as the spatio-temporal dynamics of local context are analyzed. This study provides evidence of the existence and functional usefulness of the village terroir for farmers, their land management and their activities. It demonstrates the usefulness of contextualizing agricultural options at this scale. Their analysis elucidates the links between “terroirs village” and the specific functioning of the agrosocio-ecosystems acting on each of them, thus laying the systemic and geographical foundations for a model of the spatio- temporal dynamics of “village terroirs”. This initial work has opened up new perspectives in modeling and sustainable development.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program(No.2012CB 214803)the China's National Science & Technology Special Project (No.2011ZX05004-005-03)+1 种基金the PetroChina Youth Innovation Foundation(No.2011D-5006-0105)the Key Subject Construction Project of Sichuan Province,China(No.SZD0414)
文摘The Upper Triassic Xujiahe （须家河） Formation in the Sichuan （四川） Basin, Southwest China is distinctive for the basin-scale sand deposition. This relatively rare sedimentary phenomenon has not been well interpreted. Here we addressed this issue by discussing sedimentary framework and conceptual model. Analysis of sedimentary setting implied that the basin received transgression during the deposition. It had multiple provenance supplies and river networks, as being surrounded by old- lands in multiple directions including the north, east and south. Thus, the basin was generally charac-terized by coastal and widely open and shallow lacustrine deposition during the Late Triassic Xujiahe period. This is similar to the modern well-known Poyang （鄱阳） Lake. Therefore, we investigated the framework and conceptual model of the Sichuan Basin during the Xujiahe period with an analogue to the Poyang Lake. Results show that the conceptual model of the deposition can be divided into transgressive and regressive stages. The first, third and fifth mem- bers of the formation are in transgressive stage and the deposits are dominated by shore and shallow lacustrine mud. In contrast, the deposition is mainly of braided river channel sand deposits during the regressive stage, mainly including the second, fourth and sixth members of the formation. The sand deposited in almost the entire basin because of the lateral migration and forward moving of the cross networks of the braided rivers. The multiple alternations of short and rapid transgression and relatively long regression are beneficial to the basin-scale sand deposition. Thus, the main channel of the braided river and its extensional areas are favorable for the development of hydrocarbon reservoir. This provides practical significance to the reservoir evaluation and exploration. In addition, the results also justify the relatively distinctive sedimentary phenomenon in the study area and may also have im- plications for understanding the large-scale sand deposition elsewhere.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70471014)
文摘In order to examine the problem of how to improve the use of information technology （IT） in enterprises, this paper makes an exploration from the perspective of organizational absorptive capacity. We propose the concept of IT absorptive capacity from an organizational level. A dynamic process model is developed to further analyze IT absorption. IT absorptive capacity of this process is embodied as six forms： identification, adoption, adaptation, acceptance, infusion, and knowledge management. By means of questionnaire surveys of 76 Chinese enterprises, the main factors that favor or disable the capacity of each stage are discovered. Using the method of system dynamics, a conceptual model of IT absorptive capacity is developed to analyze the action mechanism of the factors in detail. The model indicates that the critical factors are embodied in the aspect of management. Furthermore, it demonstrates that IT absorption is a spiral process, during which IT absorptive capacity evolves dynamically and, consequently, promotes IT use.
基金This work was supported in part by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality and the Virginia Environmental Endowment,Richmond,Virginia,USA.
文摘One of the key challenges in the total maximum daily load(TMDL)development process is how to define the critical condition for a receiving waterbody.The main concern in using a continuous simulation approach is the absence of any guarantee that the most critical condition will be captured during the selected representative hydrologic period,given the scarcity of long-term continuous data.The objectives of this paper are to clearly address the critical condition in the TMDL development process and to compare continuous and event-based approaches in defining critical condition during TMDL development for a waterbody impacted by both point and nonpoint source pollution.A practical,event-based critical flow-storm(CFS)approach was developed to explicitly addresses the critical condition as a combination of a low stream flow and a storm event of a selected magnitude,both having certain frequencies of occurrence.This paper illustrated the CFS concept and provided its theoretical basis using a derived analytical conceptual model.The CFS approach clearly defined a critical condition,obtained reasonable results and could be considered as an alternative method in TMDL development.
基金Project (Nos.60574056 and 60674069) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In this letter,we propose a novel three-dimensional conceptual model for an emerging service-oriented simulation paradigm. The model can be used as a guideline or an analytic means to find the potential and possible future directions of the current simulation frameworks. In particular, the model inspects the crossover between the disciplines of modeling and simulation, service-orientation,and software/systems engineering. Finally, two specific simulation frameworks are studied as examples.
基金Project supported by the MITT Intelligent Manufacturing Project of Chinathe Study of Interconnection Standard and Experimental Verification in the Intelligent Manufacturing Plant for Naval Architecture and Marine Engineeringthe Science and Technology Program of Jiangxi Province,China(No.20161BBE50062)
文摘We address a special kind of Internet of Things (IoT) systems that are also real-time. We call them real-time IoT (RT-IoT) systems. An RT-IoT system needs to meet timing constraints of system delay, clock synchronization, deadline, and so on. The timing constraints turn to be more stringent as we get closer to the physical things. Based on the reference architecture of IoT (ISO/IEC 30141), the RT-IoT conceptual model is established. The idea of edge subsystem is introduced. The sensing & con-trolling domain is the basis of the edge subsystem, and the edge subsystem usually must meet the hard real-time constraints. The model includes four perspectives, the time view, computation view, communication view, and control view. Each view looks, from a different angle, at how the time parameters impact an RT-IoT system.
文摘In a glance,more than three billion people live in the rural areas of low and middle income countries.In most cases,rural households have many unmet energy needs including cooking,lighting,heating,transportation and telecommunication needs.The main goal of this study is Implementing Conceptual Model Using Renewable Energies in Rural Area of Iran.In this study,the Weibull and Angestrom distribution methods were used to assess the potential of wind and solar energy range in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province of Iran(The Case study).After determining the values calculated based on meteorological stations’data,the IDW interpolation method in GIS software was used for the entire geographic range of the province.After reviewing multiple regions and identifying potential classes,a village which has the potential to be enough sun and wind energy was selected(Kahkesh village)and then a field survey based on biomass resources was accomplished.The needs of rural residents and rural renewable energy potential was evaluated by study conceptual frameworks during one year.By dividing the value of frameworks energies the amount of energy saving can be calculated.Finally,it recommended that for utilizing the renewable energies in rural areas,as will be discussed in the present work and particularly using the conceptual frameworks,is performed.
