Global spread of infectious disease threatens the well-being of human, domestic, and wildlife health. A proper understanding of global distribution of these diseases is an important part of disease management and poli...Global spread of infectious disease threatens the well-being of human, domestic, and wildlife health. A proper understanding of global distribution of these diseases is an important part of disease management and policy making. However, data are subject to complexities by heterogeneity across host classes. The use of frequentist methods in biostatistics and epidemiology is common and is therefore extensively utilized in answering varied research questions. In this paper, we applied the hierarchical Bayesian approach to study the spatial distribution of tuberculosis in Kenya. The focus was to identify best fitting model for modeling TB relative risk in Kenya. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method via WinBUGS and R packages was used for simulations. The Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) proposed by [1] was used for models comparison and selection. Among the models considered, unstructured heterogeneity model perfumes better in terms of modeling and mapping TB RR in Kenya. Variation in TB risk is observed among Kenya counties and clustering among counties with high TB Relative Risk (RR). HIV prevalence is identified as the dominant determinant of TB. We find clustering and heterogeneity of risk among high rate counties. Although the approaches are less than ideal, we hope that our formulations provide a useful stepping stone in the development of spatial methodology for the statistical analysis of risk from TB in Kenya.展开更多
针对国际学生评估项目2015年数据(PISA),采用单参数、双参数和三参数的项目反应模型进行建模,在每个模型下,分别采用logistic连接函数和probit连接函数。针对6个模型,应用偏差信息准则(Deviance Information Criterion,DIC)和伪边际似...针对国际学生评估项目2015年数据(PISA),采用单参数、双参数和三参数的项目反应模型进行建模,在每个模型下,分别采用logistic连接函数和probit连接函数。针对6个模型,应用偏差信息准则(Deviance Information Criterion,DIC)和伪边际似然对数(Logarithm of Pseudo-Marginal Likelihood,LPML)进行模型评价和模型选择。结果表明,当连接函数为logistic双参数的项目反应模型表现最好,因为这个模型下的DIC值最小,并且LPML值最大。我们采用R软件nimble包进行编程。展开更多
文摘Global spread of infectious disease threatens the well-being of human, domestic, and wildlife health. A proper understanding of global distribution of these diseases is an important part of disease management and policy making. However, data are subject to complexities by heterogeneity across host classes. The use of frequentist methods in biostatistics and epidemiology is common and is therefore extensively utilized in answering varied research questions. In this paper, we applied the hierarchical Bayesian approach to study the spatial distribution of tuberculosis in Kenya. The focus was to identify best fitting model for modeling TB relative risk in Kenya. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method via WinBUGS and R packages was used for simulations. The Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) proposed by [1] was used for models comparison and selection. Among the models considered, unstructured heterogeneity model perfumes better in terms of modeling and mapping TB RR in Kenya. Variation in TB risk is observed among Kenya counties and clustering among counties with high TB Relative Risk (RR). HIV prevalence is identified as the dominant determinant of TB. We find clustering and heterogeneity of risk among high rate counties. Although the approaches are less than ideal, we hope that our formulations provide a useful stepping stone in the development of spatial methodology for the statistical analysis of risk from TB in Kenya.
文摘针对国际学生评估项目2015年数据(PISA),采用单参数、双参数和三参数的项目反应模型进行建模,在每个模型下,分别采用logistic连接函数和probit连接函数。针对6个模型,应用偏差信息准则(Deviance Information Criterion,DIC)和伪边际似然对数(Logarithm of Pseudo-Marginal Likelihood,LPML)进行模型评价和模型选择。结果表明,当连接函数为logistic双参数的项目反应模型表现最好,因为这个模型下的DIC值最小,并且LPML值最大。我们采用R软件nimble包进行编程。
