Alternariol caused DNA single-strand breakage. Conversion of the closed circular double-stranded supercoiled DNA (pBR 322) to the nicked circular form and linear form was used to investigate the effect of extracts of ...Alternariol caused DNA single-strand breakage. Conversion of the closed circular double-stranded supercoiled DNA (pBR 322) to the nicked circular form and linear form was used to investigate the effect of extracts of some Chinese medical herbs on DNA nicking induced by alternariol. Some substances in the extracts of Rhizoma polygonati (RP) and Fructus lycii (FL) were shown to protect DNA from the attack by alternariol.Some substance in the RP may bind to plasmid DNA, and this binding reduces the electrophoretic mobility of DNA. These results indicate that substances from FL and RP may be used as DNA protectors. It is possible that they play an important role in preventing cancer.展开更多
Inhibition of RECl3 on Ni2O3-induced DNA breakage of human embryo lung cell (HEL) and reduced content of negative superoxidative ion (O2) in guinea alveolar macrophage (AM ) was observed by means of single cell gel el...Inhibition of RECl3 on Ni2O3-induced DNA breakage of human embryo lung cell (HEL) and reduced content of negative superoxidative ion (O2) in guinea alveolar macrophage (AM ) was observed by means of single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) and cytochrome C assay respectively. Incubated with 2×10 cell/ml human embryo lung cell for 1 h at 37℃, 20μg. ml-1 of Ni2O3 could obviously induce DNA strand breakage compared with the control (P< 0.01). Add 10 μg.ml-1 CeCl3 or 10μg RECl3 with 20 μg·ml-1 Ni2O3 simultaneously in to HEL culture, the DNA strand breakage caused by Ni2O3 reduction significantly. Culture with 4×10 cell/ ml AM for 1 h at 37℃, 10, 20 μg· ml-1 of Ni2O3 could distinctly increase·O2 content in AM compared with the control (P< 0.05). In the similar way, RECl3, CeCl3 or LaCl3 could evidently decrease·O2 content induced by Ni2O3 in AM (P<0.01), but both kinds of RE compounds can not suppress·O2 content in AM.展开更多
DNA damage of aquatic organisms living in polluted environments can be used as a biomarker of the genotoxicity of toxic agents to organisms. This technique has been playing an important role in ecotoxi- cological stud...DNA damage of aquatic organisms living in polluted environments can be used as a biomarker of the genotoxicity of toxic agents to organisms. This technique has been playing an important role in ecotoxi- cological study and environmental risk assessment. In this article, main types of DNA damage caused by pollut- ants in water environments were reviewed; methods of detecting DNA damage were also documented for water environmental monitoring.展开更多
In a series of publications a special, tetraploid diplochromosomal division system to only two types of progeny cells (4n/4C/G1 and 2n/4C para-diploid) has been suggested to initiate preneoplasia that can lead to a ca...In a series of publications a special, tetraploid diplochromosomal division system to only two types of progeny cells (4n/4C/G1 and 2n/4C para-diploid) has been suggested to initiate preneoplasia that can lead to a cancerous pathway. Colorectal and other preneoplasia are known with the pathogenic, histological phases of hyperplasia to arrested adenoma/nevi that can give rise to dysplasia with high risk for cancer development. The present theme is to find solutions to tumorigenic unsolved, biological problems (queries), explainable from the tetraploid 4n-system, which would support its operation in the cancerous pathway. Presently admitted, the mutational sequencing of the cancer genome (cancer chemistry) cannot discover so-called “dark matter”, which herein is considered to be the queries. The solutions from the 4n-system were largely supported by mutated APC-induced same type of tetraploidy from the mitotic slippage process. But importantly, these behaviors and consequences could be linked to the beginning of hyperplastic lesions and their development to the arrest-phase of preneoplasia (polyps/nevi). Function of HFSMs is mostly unknown, but for Barrett’s esophagus, HFSMs (p53, p16ink4a) caused inactivation of the Rb gene, leading to dysplasia with 4n, aneuploid, abnormal cell cycles. In vitro models of the 4n-system from normal human cells recapitulated preneoplasia-like histopathological changes. It was speculated that the “cancer-crucial” step to dysplasia could be therapy-vulnerable to CRISPR-caspase editing, and perhaps antibody treatment. Additionally, the 4n-system with spontaneous cell-behaviors together with preneoplasia molecular data promises construction of a more truthful cancer-paradigm than from sequencing data alone.展开更多
文摘Alternariol caused DNA single-strand breakage. Conversion of the closed circular double-stranded supercoiled DNA (pBR 322) to the nicked circular form and linear form was used to investigate the effect of extracts of some Chinese medical herbs on DNA nicking induced by alternariol. Some substances in the extracts of Rhizoma polygonati (RP) and Fructus lycii (FL) were shown to protect DNA from the attack by alternariol.Some substance in the RP may bind to plasmid DNA, and this binding reduces the electrophoretic mobility of DNA. These results indicate that substances from FL and RP may be used as DNA protectors. It is possible that they play an important role in preventing cancer.
文摘Inhibition of RECl3 on Ni2O3-induced DNA breakage of human embryo lung cell (HEL) and reduced content of negative superoxidative ion (O2) in guinea alveolar macrophage (AM ) was observed by means of single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) and cytochrome C assay respectively. Incubated with 2×10 cell/ml human embryo lung cell for 1 h at 37℃, 20μg. ml-1 of Ni2O3 could obviously induce DNA strand breakage compared with the control (P< 0.01). Add 10 μg.ml-1 CeCl3 or 10μg RECl3 with 20 μg·ml-1 Ni2O3 simultaneously in to HEL culture, the DNA strand breakage caused by Ni2O3 reduction significantly. Culture with 4×10 cell/ ml AM for 1 h at 37℃, 10, 20 μg· ml-1 of Ni2O3 could distinctly increase·O2 content in AM compared with the control (P< 0.05). In the similar way, RECl3, CeCl3 or LaCl3 could evidently decrease·O2 content induced by Ni2O3 in AM (P<0.01), but both kinds of RE compounds can not suppress·O2 content in AM.
基金Supported by the Youth Grant of the National High Technology Re-search and Development Program(2001AA649040) from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) P. R. China and the Key Project from the Ministry of Education (02132)
文摘DNA damage of aquatic organisms living in polluted environments can be used as a biomarker of the genotoxicity of toxic agents to organisms. This technique has been playing an important role in ecotoxi- cological study and environmental risk assessment. In this article, main types of DNA damage caused by pollut- ants in water environments were reviewed; methods of detecting DNA damage were also documented for water environmental monitoring.
文摘In a series of publications a special, tetraploid diplochromosomal division system to only two types of progeny cells (4n/4C/G1 and 2n/4C para-diploid) has been suggested to initiate preneoplasia that can lead to a cancerous pathway. Colorectal and other preneoplasia are known with the pathogenic, histological phases of hyperplasia to arrested adenoma/nevi that can give rise to dysplasia with high risk for cancer development. The present theme is to find solutions to tumorigenic unsolved, biological problems (queries), explainable from the tetraploid 4n-system, which would support its operation in the cancerous pathway. Presently admitted, the mutational sequencing of the cancer genome (cancer chemistry) cannot discover so-called “dark matter”, which herein is considered to be the queries. The solutions from the 4n-system were largely supported by mutated APC-induced same type of tetraploidy from the mitotic slippage process. But importantly, these behaviors and consequences could be linked to the beginning of hyperplastic lesions and their development to the arrest-phase of preneoplasia (polyps/nevi). Function of HFSMs is mostly unknown, but for Barrett’s esophagus, HFSMs (p53, p16ink4a) caused inactivation of the Rb gene, leading to dysplasia with 4n, aneuploid, abnormal cell cycles. In vitro models of the 4n-system from normal human cells recapitulated preneoplasia-like histopathological changes. It was speculated that the “cancer-crucial” step to dysplasia could be therapy-vulnerable to CRISPR-caspase editing, and perhaps antibody treatment. Additionally, the 4n-system with spontaneous cell-behaviors together with preneoplasia molecular data promises construction of a more truthful cancer-paradigm than from sequencing data alone.
