BACKGROUND Gamification,the use of game materials in education,has been used in several scientific fields,and studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in student comprehension.AIM To evaluate whether the success of...BACKGROUND Gamification,the use of game materials in education,has been used in several scientific fields,and studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in student comprehension.AIM To evaluate whether the success of 4th-and 5th-grade dentistry students increases when using the gamification applications Kahoot!and Mentimeter.METHODS An experimental design was used to measure the effect of gamification applications on students who were taught using the traditional method.For this purpose,Mentimeter and Kahoot!applications were used in this experimental study.Three groups of 4th-and 5th-grade students were formed:Mentimeter,Kahoot!,and control groups.The effect of gamification applications on achievement was evaluated by administering a post-test to these groups after the instructional process.One-way analysis of variance and t-tests were used for statistical analyses.RESULTS A total of 35.5%of the students were in the Mentimeter group,29.8%in the Kahoot!group,and 34.6%in the control group.Of the total number of students,54.8%were female and 45.2%were male,while 52.2%were 5th-grade students and 47.8%were 4th-grade students.The overall grade point average was found to be 66.65(range,24-100).There was a statistically significant difference in average success scores between students of different groups(P=0.003<0.05)and grades(P=0.036<0.05).The average success score was the highest in the Mentimeter group(71.64)and the lowest in the Kahoot!group(62.15).In the control group,this score was 65.41.The average success score was higher for students in the 5thgrade(68.16)and for female students(68.84).CONCLUSION Gamification has a great potential in the education of dentomaxillofacial radiology students.Mentimeter outperformed both the Kahoot!and the traditional method in terms of average student success rates.展开更多
Micro-computed tomography (MCT) encompasses two primary scanning options: ex-vivo and in-vivo imaging. Ex-vivo scanning involves the examination of extracted teeth or dental specimens, allowing for detailed analyses o...Micro-computed tomography (MCT) encompasses two primary scanning options: ex-vivo and in-vivo imaging. Ex-vivo scanning involves the examination of extracted teeth or dental specimens, allowing for detailed analyses of the microarchitecture of mineralized tissue. By analyzing the microarchitecture of dental tissues, MCT can provide valuable information about bone density, porosity, and microstructural changes, contributing to a better understanding of disease progression and treatment outcomes. Moreover, MCT facilitates the quantification of dental parameters, such as bone volume, trabecular thickness, and connectivity density, which are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of dental interventions. This present study aims to comprehensively review and explore the applications of MCT in dentistry and highlight its potential in advancing research and clinical practice. The results depicted that the quantitative approach of MCT enhances the precision and reliability of dental research. Researchers and clinicians can make evidence-based decisions regarding treatment strategies and patient management, relying on quantifiable data provided by MCT. The applications of MCT in dentistry extend beyond research, with potential clinical implications in fields such as dental implantology and endodontics. MCT is expected to play an increasingly significant role in enhancing our understanding of dental pathologies, improving treatment outcomes, and ultimately, benefiting patient care in the field of dentistry.展开更多
<strong>Context:</strong> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been identified in December 2019. Since then, it has been spreading around the world and has caused a pandemic. St...<strong>Context:</strong> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been identified in December 2019. Since then, it has been spreading around the world and has caused a pandemic. Strict safety protocols should be followed to resume dental treatments. <strong>Evidence Acquisition: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Medline and google scholar databases using the MeSH words of COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, Dentistry, and Child from December 2019 until July 2020. <strong>Results:</strong> Among COVID-19 patients, asymptomatic patients still are considered to be serious carriers of the COVID-19 which can play a key role in transmission of the virus. Children are reported to be less than 2 percent of the infected population and are considered as serious potential carriers. Telemedicine can take a key part in educating parents regarding this matter. Chronic and rare diseases such as Kawasaki Disease (KD) might show acute and more frequent symptoms amongst COVID-19 patients. Salivary testing can be a convenient chairside way for COVID-19 and it has been shown to be effective in identifying critically ill patients. Dry mouth and amblygeustia have been reported to be the oral symptoms of the COVID-19. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dentists must make tough decisions in prioritizing patient’s needs in the period of pandemic. They should frequently get updated as the situation is fluid and the protocols might change.展开更多
The Ottoman-Turkish medicine and dentistry was born and developed in the lands of Anatolia. The most mature period of the Islamic medicine was in the Ottoman Empire on the lands of Anatolia. While inheriting the Turki...The Ottoman-Turkish medicine and dentistry was born and developed in the lands of Anatolia. The most mature period of the Islamic medicine was in the Ottoman Empire on the lands of Anatolia. While inheriting the Turkish-Islamic science and culture structure and the ancient age and Old Greek science, it was integrated with the medicine philosophy here. In the 13th and 15th centuries, in Ottomans, the development of the dentistry was on the issues of the dental diseases and periodontology. In the 14th and 15th centuries, it was observed in the medicine books of the Turkish physician writers that they were also dealing with the child dentistry as issues. That the dental medicine took place in the works of art written between the 15th and 19th century shows the existence of the surgeons realizing the tooth extraction. With the opening of the first dentist school in the year of 1909, the training of dentistry started. In this study, the issue of the development and training of the dentistry in the Ottomans among the 13th-19th centuries were dealt with the outlines. Also, the first examples and fundamental works of art of the dentistry literature from the Ottoman Empire to the Republican period will be told shortly.展开更多
An electronic (web-based) questionnaire was devised to find out the extent of teleconsultation and e-mail use for patient-provided communications in dentistry. This project was carried out in 2011 inthe health care di...An electronic (web-based) questionnaire was devised to find out the extent of teleconsultation and e-mail use for patient-provided communications in dentistry. This project was carried out in 2011 inthe health care district of South-Ostrobothnia, in South-Western Finland.The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to all 120 regional dentists, to which 76 replies were obtained (response rate 63%). The responses indicated a surprisingly positive attitude towards teleconsultation. A clear majority of 91% indicated that it could bring additional benefits to the current consultation methods.This study revealed that a slight majority of dentists in the region use e-mail for patient communication and 53% used e-mail for consultation. Approximately 10% use videoconferencing for consultation.The study also revealed that the majority of those who do not yet use electronic consultation are willing to try them out in the future. Security issues are a concern for many dentists. Practically all respondents wish for written instructions on the use of electronic consultation.展开更多
The gingiva, the masticatory portion of the oral mucosa, is excised and discarded frequently during routine dental treatments and following tooth extraction, dental crown lengthening, gingivectomy and periodontal surg...The gingiva, the masticatory portion of the oral mucosa, is excised and discarded frequently during routine dental treatments and following tooth extraction, dental crown lengthening, gingivectomy and periodontal surgeries. Subsequent to excision, healing eventually happens in a short time period after gingival surgery. Clinically, the gingival tissue can be collected very easily and, in the laboratory, it is also very easy to isolate gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) from this discarded gingival tissue. GMSCs, a stem cell population within the lamina propria of the gingival tissue, can be isolated from attached and free gingiva, inflamed gingival tissu-es, and from hyperplastic gingiva. Comparatively, they constitute more attractive alternatives to other dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells due to the availability and accessibility of gingival tissues. They have unique immunomodulatory functions and well-documented self-renewal and multipotent differentiation properties. They display positive signals for Stro-1, Oct-4 and SSEA-4 pluripotency-associated markers, with some co-expre-ssing Oct4/Stro-1 or Oct-4/SSEA-4. They should be considered as the best stem cell source for cell-based therapies and regenerative dentistry. The clinical use of GMSCs for regenerative dentistry represents an attrac-tive therapeutic modality. However, numerous biological and technical challenges need to be addressed prior to considering transplantation approaches of GMSCs as clinically realistic therapies for humans.展开更多
The aim of this article was to analyze the theories underpinning dental fear, anxiety and phobias. To be included, articles must have been published between the years of 1949 and 2013 concerning fears and phobias with...The aim of this article was to analyze the theories underpinning dental fear, anxiety and phobias. To be included, articles must have been published between the years of 1949 and 2013 concerning fears and phobias within dentistry and/or psychiatry. Of 200 articles originally under review, 140 were included and reviewed by the authors.Five specific pathways relating to dental fear and anxiety were identified; Cognitive Conditioning, Informative, Visual Vicarious, Verbal Threat, and Parental. Eight currently accepted management techniques across all dental disciplines for dental fear and anxiety were identified. Further research is required to identify clinical diagnosis and treatment for fears originating from different pathways.展开更多
The aim of this article is to review the outcomes of platelet preparations in dentistry. A structured electronic search discovered 348 articles, which described the use of autologous platelet concentrates with a relev...The aim of this article is to review the outcomes of platelet preparations in dentistry. A structured electronic search discovered 348 articles, which described the use of autologous platelet concentrates with a relevance to clinical dentistry. Among these articles, 220 articles investigated platelet rich plasma, 99 investigated platelet rich fibrin, 22 investigated plasma rich in growth factors and 7 investigated the use of concentrated growth factors. Several studies reported beneficial treament outcomes in terms of enhanced bone and soft tissue regeneration.展开更多
The burden of dental diseases is increasing in the Chinese population.However,the development of the dental industry falls behind the average development level of medical industry in China.The emergence of digital den...The burden of dental diseases is increasing in the Chinese population.However,the development of the dental industry falls behind the average development level of medical industry in China.The emergence of digital dental technologies has created significant opportunities for the development of the dental industry in China.This article explores the innovative development background of the Chinese dental industry,describes the current innovation status in Chinese medical colleges and enterprises,highlights key problems faced by the nation,enterprises,and hospitals,proposes solutions to these issues,and puts forwards a new concept of building an open and collaborative service system,a transformation path,and a whole-chain support system for innovations in dentistry.展开更多
Using the results of physical and chemical researches and mechanical tests of the Pd-Au-Cu-Sn system alloys, a new palladium-based alloy has been chosen and studied in detail. It has a higher plasticity and a lower ha...Using the results of physical and chemical researches and mechanical tests of the Pd-Au-Cu-Sn system alloys, a new palladium-based alloy has been chosen and studied in detail. It has a higher plasticity and a lower hardness than the Palladent alloy, widely used in prosthetic dentistry: its hardness is lower than 300 MPa, and its specific elongation is 10%~14 %. At the same time, such important practical characteristics of the alloys as the strength of adhesion to ceramics and thermal expansion coefficient are almost similar.展开更多
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are ordered organic films formed by adsorption of an active organic coating on a solid surface. Their formation provides an alternative, highly innovative, to current traditional chemi...Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are ordered organic films formed by adsorption of an active organic coating on a solid surface. Their formation provides an alternative, highly innovative, to current traditional chemical treatments of the titanium surfaces. For this reason the structural phases, the formation and the growth of SAMs is described from a surface science point of view. Particulars are given to SAMs on titanium concerning surface morphology, chemical composition and affinity of specific head group for Ti surfaces (silanes, siloxane, phosphonates and phosphates). Preparation, coating methodologies, limitations and techniques used for the characterization of SAMs are reported. For their physicochemical characteristics and micro-nano scale features some perspectives of using SAMs in biomedical application are outlined.展开更多
The aim of this study was to examine whether the offering of traditional treatments can constitute a positive contribution to integrate in an oral public health care settings. Method: This was a cross-sectional study ...The aim of this study was to examine whether the offering of traditional treatments can constitute a positive contribution to integrate in an oral public health care settings. Method: This was a cross-sectional study involving 300 people living in the area of Ferlo in East Central Senegal. Selected individuals must be residents of the area over the age of 15 years. Cluster sampling was used as a recruitment method. Data collected concerned the type of oral health care used whether modern or traditional, the periodontal condition (plaque, gingival and bleeding index, attachment loss, pocket depth and CPITN). Dental status was evaluated by DMFT. The data were analyzed with R software and the Student’s t test was used to compare the averages of indices in both groups at the threshold of 5%. A co-variance analysis was allowed in order to determine associations between some indices and therapy type in multivariate approach. Results: Averages of dental and periodontal indices were globally higher in people using modern therapies. DMFT, CPITN and gingival index increased significantly when the type of therapy was modern after adjustment on the plaque index and age. Conclusion: The traditional dentistry could constitute a positive contribution to a public health care, especially in a context of developing country. However, this practice should be guided and validated by a research-based evidence to allow better use of the therapeutic processes, and promote the health of populations.展开更多
The solitary tract nucleus of the medulla with its limited watershed vascular capacity may occasionally be the focus of transient ischemia caused by the increased metabolic demands associated with frequent and intense...The solitary tract nucleus of the medulla with its limited watershed vascular capacity may occasionally be the focus of transient ischemia caused by the increased metabolic demands associated with frequent and intense neuronal stimulation from other organs and other parts of the brain. Case reports have suggested that these ischemic changes may sometimes result in the initiation of intense autonomic discharges, which can occasionally be fatal. Therapeutic interventions for the medulla oblongata are hamperedby its limited accessibility. Systemically administered pharmaceuticals may have some usefulness in future years. Previous experience with vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of epilepsy suggests that it may have some usefulness in stabilizing medullary autonomic discharges. Computerized electronic stimulation of other cranial nerves may be helpful as well, especially the chorda tympani nerve, and may be most easily accomplished from implanted dental appliances, especially molar modules, transmitting signals via secondary transmitters procedurally placed on cranial nerves. Future technology may enable wireless signaling from the implanted dental appliance to the secondary transmitter placed at the nerve site. By the year 2050 subspecialists in medullary neurology and brain dentistry may use computerized electronic stimulation of cranial nerves to prevent sudden unexpected death and treat "chest pain from the brain".展开更多
Five theories shed lights on the potential mechanisms of aging:somatic mutations,telomere loss,mitochondrial defects,and accumulation of altered proteins inside proteasomes.The existence of a program of aging is not y...Five theories shed lights on the potential mechanisms of aging:somatic mutations,telomere loss,mitochondrial defects,and accumulation of altered proteins inside proteasomes.The existence of a program of aging is not yet identified,but overlaps with a program for risks of death.On the other hand,organisms are programmed for survival,which ultimately fails.This failure results in aging,notabily,focusing on alterations of specific genes.Irregular examinations,dysfunctions,insufficient use of fluoride,and removable partial dentures,are favoring the formation of caries and periodontal pathologies.Oral lesions are due to local trauma,related gingival recession,and formation of pockets.They are associated to insufficient removal of food/plaque.Epithelial thinning,and reduction of extracellular matrix components,lead to plications and foldings of the mucosal surface,and subsequently to bacterial colonization.Geriatric dentistry(or gerodontology)is an increasing field of dentistry,mostly associated with the growing percentage of patients over 80+years.展开更多
Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) was developed and introduced specifically for dento-maxillofacial imaging. CBCT possesses a number of advantages over medical CT in clinical practice, such as lower effective radiat...Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) was developed and introduced specifically for dento-maxillofacial imaging. CBCT possesses a number of advantages over medical CT in clinical practice, such as lower effective radiation doses, lower costs, fewer space requirements,easier image acquisition, and interactive display modes such as mutiplanar reconstruction that are applicable to maxillofacial imaging. However, the disadvantages of CBCT include higher doses than two-dimensional imaging; the inability to accurately represent the internal structure of soft tissues and soft-tissue lesions; a limited correlation with Hounsfield Units for standardized quantification of bone density; and the presence of various types of image artifacts, mainly those produced by metal restorations. CBCT is now commonly used for a variety of purposes in oral implantology, dentomaxillofacial surgery, image-guided surgical procedures, endodontics, periodontics and orthodontics. CBCT applications provide obvious benefits in the assessment of dentomaxillofacial region, however; it should be used only in correct indications considering the necessity and the potential hazards of the examination.展开更多
Objectives: To compare the empathy of students in two faculties of Dentistry in Peru and Argentina, three factors were considered: universities, academic year and gender. Material and Methods: Empathy matrices in Dent...Objectives: To compare the empathy of students in two faculties of Dentistry in Peru and Argentina, three factors were considered: universities, academic year and gender. Material and Methods: Empathy matrices in Dentistry students were measured using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, culturally validated in Peru and Argentina. Empathy data were compared among and within the faculties tested using a three-factor analysis of variance (model III), a Duncan test, and a discriminant analysis. The level of significance used was less than 0.05. Results: We found that differences existed between the students tested. The comparison between the levels of empathy in the studied factors and the presence of unexplained variance showed that empathy was able to differentiate populations. Conclusions: The results indicate variability in the empathy values associated with the factors studied. The discriminant test confirms the differences between faculties revealed by the data matrix resulting from the JSE. These differences are possibly due to the effect of educational and social factors.展开更多
Dental pulp stem/stromal cells(DPSCs)are fibroblast-like,neural crest-derived,and multipotent cells that can differentiate into several lineages.They are relatively easy to isolate from healthy and inflamed pulps,with...Dental pulp stem/stromal cells(DPSCs)are fibroblast-like,neural crest-derived,and multipotent cells that can differentiate into several lineages.They are relatively easy to isolate from healthy and inflamed pulps,with little ethical concerns and can be successfully cryopreserved and thawed.The therapeutic effects of DPSCs derived from animal or human sources have been extensively studied through in-vitro and in-vivo animal experiments and the findings indicated that DPSCs are effective not only for dental diseases but also for systemic diseases.Understanding that translational research is a critical step through which the fundamental scientific discoveries could be translated into applicable diagnostics and therapeutics that directly benefit humans,several clinical studies were carried out to generate evidence for the efficacy and safety of autogenous or allogeneic human DPSCs(hDPSCs)as a treatment modality for use in cell-based therapy,regenerative medicine/dentistry and tissue engineering.In clinical medicine,hDPSCs were effective for treating acute ischemic stroke and human exfoliated deciduous teeth-conditioned medium(SHED-CM)repaired vascular damage of the corpus cavernous,which is the main cause of erectile dysfunction.Whereas in clinical dentistry,autologous SHED was able to rege-nerate necrotic dental pulp after implantation into injured teeth,and micrografts enriched with autologous hDPSCs and collagen sponge were considered a treatment option for human intrabony defects.In contrast,hDPSCs did not add a significant regenerative effect when they were used for the treatment of post-extraction sockets.Large-scale clinical studies across diverse populations are still lacking to provide robust evidence on the safety and efficacy of hDPSCs as a new treatment option for various human diseases including dental-related problems.展开更多
BACKGROUND This case of gestational gingival tumor is huge and extremely rare in clinical practice.As the growth location of this gingival tumor is in the upper anterior tooth area,it seriously affects the pregnant wo...BACKGROUND This case of gestational gingival tumor is huge and extremely rare in clinical practice.As the growth location of this gingival tumor is in the upper anterior tooth area,it seriously affects the pregnant woman's speech and food,causing great pain to the patient.The use of Nd:YGA water mist laser to remove the gingival tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,minimal adverse reactions,and good postoperative healing,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a pregnant woman,reported a large lump in her mouth on the first day of postpartum treatment.Based on medical history and clinical examination,the diagnosis was diagnosed as gestational gingival tumor.Postoperative pathological biopsy also confirmed this diagnosis.The use of Nd:YAG water mist laser to remove the tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,clear surgical field of view,short surgical time,and good postoperative healing.CONCLUSION In comparison to traditional surgery,Nd:YAG water mist laser surgery is minimally invasive,minimizes cell damage,reduces bleeding,ensures a clear field of vision,and virtually eliminates postoperative edema,carbonization,and the risk of cross infection.It has unique advantages in oral soft tissue surgery for pregnant patients.Therefore,the clinical application of Nd:YAG water mist laser for the treatment of gestational gingival tumors is an ideal choice.展开更多
Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall wel...Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Gamification,the use of game materials in education,has been used in several scientific fields,and studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in student comprehension.AIM To evaluate whether the success of 4th-and 5th-grade dentistry students increases when using the gamification applications Kahoot!and Mentimeter.METHODS An experimental design was used to measure the effect of gamification applications on students who were taught using the traditional method.For this purpose,Mentimeter and Kahoot!applications were used in this experimental study.Three groups of 4th-and 5th-grade students were formed:Mentimeter,Kahoot!,and control groups.The effect of gamification applications on achievement was evaluated by administering a post-test to these groups after the instructional process.One-way analysis of variance and t-tests were used for statistical analyses.RESULTS A total of 35.5%of the students were in the Mentimeter group,29.8%in the Kahoot!group,and 34.6%in the control group.Of the total number of students,54.8%were female and 45.2%were male,while 52.2%were 5th-grade students and 47.8%were 4th-grade students.The overall grade point average was found to be 66.65(range,24-100).There was a statistically significant difference in average success scores between students of different groups(P=0.003<0.05)and grades(P=0.036<0.05).The average success score was the highest in the Mentimeter group(71.64)and the lowest in the Kahoot!group(62.15).In the control group,this score was 65.41.The average success score was higher for students in the 5thgrade(68.16)and for female students(68.84).CONCLUSION Gamification has a great potential in the education of dentomaxillofacial radiology students.Mentimeter outperformed both the Kahoot!and the traditional method in terms of average student success rates.
文摘Micro-computed tomography (MCT) encompasses two primary scanning options: ex-vivo and in-vivo imaging. Ex-vivo scanning involves the examination of extracted teeth or dental specimens, allowing for detailed analyses of the microarchitecture of mineralized tissue. By analyzing the microarchitecture of dental tissues, MCT can provide valuable information about bone density, porosity, and microstructural changes, contributing to a better understanding of disease progression and treatment outcomes. Moreover, MCT facilitates the quantification of dental parameters, such as bone volume, trabecular thickness, and connectivity density, which are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of dental interventions. This present study aims to comprehensively review and explore the applications of MCT in dentistry and highlight its potential in advancing research and clinical practice. The results depicted that the quantitative approach of MCT enhances the precision and reliability of dental research. Researchers and clinicians can make evidence-based decisions regarding treatment strategies and patient management, relying on quantifiable data provided by MCT. The applications of MCT in dentistry extend beyond research, with potential clinical implications in fields such as dental implantology and endodontics. MCT is expected to play an increasingly significant role in enhancing our understanding of dental pathologies, improving treatment outcomes, and ultimately, benefiting patient care in the field of dentistry.
文摘<strong>Context:</strong> Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been identified in December 2019. Since then, it has been spreading around the world and has caused a pandemic. Strict safety protocols should be followed to resume dental treatments. <strong>Evidence Acquisition: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Medline and google scholar databases using the MeSH words of COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, Dentistry, and Child from December 2019 until July 2020. <strong>Results:</strong> Among COVID-19 patients, asymptomatic patients still are considered to be serious carriers of the COVID-19 which can play a key role in transmission of the virus. Children are reported to be less than 2 percent of the infected population and are considered as serious potential carriers. Telemedicine can take a key part in educating parents regarding this matter. Chronic and rare diseases such as Kawasaki Disease (KD) might show acute and more frequent symptoms amongst COVID-19 patients. Salivary testing can be a convenient chairside way for COVID-19 and it has been shown to be effective in identifying critically ill patients. Dry mouth and amblygeustia have been reported to be the oral symptoms of the COVID-19. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dentists must make tough decisions in prioritizing patient’s needs in the period of pandemic. They should frequently get updated as the situation is fluid and the protocols might change.
文摘The Ottoman-Turkish medicine and dentistry was born and developed in the lands of Anatolia. The most mature period of the Islamic medicine was in the Ottoman Empire on the lands of Anatolia. While inheriting the Turkish-Islamic science and culture structure and the ancient age and Old Greek science, it was integrated with the medicine philosophy here. In the 13th and 15th centuries, in Ottomans, the development of the dentistry was on the issues of the dental diseases and periodontology. In the 14th and 15th centuries, it was observed in the medicine books of the Turkish physician writers that they were also dealing with the child dentistry as issues. That the dental medicine took place in the works of art written between the 15th and 19th century shows the existence of the surgeons realizing the tooth extraction. With the opening of the first dentist school in the year of 1909, the training of dentistry started. In this study, the issue of the development and training of the dentistry in the Ottomans among the 13th-19th centuries were dealt with the outlines. Also, the first examples and fundamental works of art of the dentistry literature from the Ottoman Empire to the Republican period will be told shortly.
基金funded by Seinajoki Central Hospital research foundation.
文摘An electronic (web-based) questionnaire was devised to find out the extent of teleconsultation and e-mail use for patient-provided communications in dentistry. This project was carried out in 2011 inthe health care district of South-Ostrobothnia, in South-Western Finland.The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to all 120 regional dentists, to which 76 replies were obtained (response rate 63%). The responses indicated a surprisingly positive attitude towards teleconsultation. A clear majority of 91% indicated that it could bring additional benefits to the current consultation methods.This study revealed that a slight majority of dentists in the region use e-mail for patient communication and 53% used e-mail for consultation. Approximately 10% use videoconferencing for consultation.The study also revealed that the majority of those who do not yet use electronic consultation are willing to try them out in the future. Security issues are a concern for many dentists. Practically all respondents wish for written instructions on the use of electronic consultation.
文摘The gingiva, the masticatory portion of the oral mucosa, is excised and discarded frequently during routine dental treatments and following tooth extraction, dental crown lengthening, gingivectomy and periodontal surgeries. Subsequent to excision, healing eventually happens in a short time period after gingival surgery. Clinically, the gingival tissue can be collected very easily and, in the laboratory, it is also very easy to isolate gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) from this discarded gingival tissue. GMSCs, a stem cell population within the lamina propria of the gingival tissue, can be isolated from attached and free gingiva, inflamed gingival tissu-es, and from hyperplastic gingiva. Comparatively, they constitute more attractive alternatives to other dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells due to the availability and accessibility of gingival tissues. They have unique immunomodulatory functions and well-documented self-renewal and multipotent differentiation properties. They display positive signals for Stro-1, Oct-4 and SSEA-4 pluripotency-associated markers, with some co-expre-ssing Oct4/Stro-1 or Oct-4/SSEA-4. They should be considered as the best stem cell source for cell-based therapies and regenerative dentistry. The clinical use of GMSCs for regenerative dentistry represents an attrac-tive therapeutic modality. However, numerous biological and technical challenges need to be addressed prior to considering transplantation approaches of GMSCs as clinically realistic therapies for humans.
文摘The aim of this article was to analyze the theories underpinning dental fear, anxiety and phobias. To be included, articles must have been published between the years of 1949 and 2013 concerning fears and phobias within dentistry and/or psychiatry. Of 200 articles originally under review, 140 were included and reviewed by the authors.Five specific pathways relating to dental fear and anxiety were identified; Cognitive Conditioning, Informative, Visual Vicarious, Verbal Threat, and Parental. Eight currently accepted management techniques across all dental disciplines for dental fear and anxiety were identified. Further research is required to identify clinical diagnosis and treatment for fears originating from different pathways.
文摘The aim of this article is to review the outcomes of platelet preparations in dentistry. A structured electronic search discovered 348 articles, which described the use of autologous platelet concentrates with a relevance to clinical dentistry. Among these articles, 220 articles investigated platelet rich plasma, 99 investigated platelet rich fibrin, 22 investigated plasma rich in growth factors and 7 investigated the use of concentrated growth factors. Several studies reported beneficial treament outcomes in terms of enhanced bone and soft tissue regeneration.
文摘The burden of dental diseases is increasing in the Chinese population.However,the development of the dental industry falls behind the average development level of medical industry in China.The emergence of digital dental technologies has created significant opportunities for the development of the dental industry in China.This article explores the innovative development background of the Chinese dental industry,describes the current innovation status in Chinese medical colleges and enterprises,highlights key problems faced by the nation,enterprises,and hospitals,proposes solutions to these issues,and puts forwards a new concept of building an open and collaborative service system,a transformation path,and a whole-chain support system for innovations in dentistry.
文摘Using the results of physical and chemical researches and mechanical tests of the Pd-Au-Cu-Sn system alloys, a new palladium-based alloy has been chosen and studied in detail. It has a higher plasticity and a lower hardness than the Palladent alloy, widely used in prosthetic dentistry: its hardness is lower than 300 MPa, and its specific elongation is 10%~14 %. At the same time, such important practical characteristics of the alloys as the strength of adhesion to ceramics and thermal expansion coefficient are almost similar.
文摘Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are ordered organic films formed by adsorption of an active organic coating on a solid surface. Their formation provides an alternative, highly innovative, to current traditional chemical treatments of the titanium surfaces. For this reason the structural phases, the formation and the growth of SAMs is described from a surface science point of view. Particulars are given to SAMs on titanium concerning surface morphology, chemical composition and affinity of specific head group for Ti surfaces (silanes, siloxane, phosphonates and phosphates). Preparation, coating methodologies, limitations and techniques used for the characterization of SAMs are reported. For their physicochemical characteristics and micro-nano scale features some perspectives of using SAMs in biomedical application are outlined.
文摘The aim of this study was to examine whether the offering of traditional treatments can constitute a positive contribution to integrate in an oral public health care settings. Method: This was a cross-sectional study involving 300 people living in the area of Ferlo in East Central Senegal. Selected individuals must be residents of the area over the age of 15 years. Cluster sampling was used as a recruitment method. Data collected concerned the type of oral health care used whether modern or traditional, the periodontal condition (plaque, gingival and bleeding index, attachment loss, pocket depth and CPITN). Dental status was evaluated by DMFT. The data were analyzed with R software and the Student’s t test was used to compare the averages of indices in both groups at the threshold of 5%. A co-variance analysis was allowed in order to determine associations between some indices and therapy type in multivariate approach. Results: Averages of dental and periodontal indices were globally higher in people using modern therapies. DMFT, CPITN and gingival index increased significantly when the type of therapy was modern after adjustment on the plaque index and age. Conclusion: The traditional dentistry could constitute a positive contribution to a public health care, especially in a context of developing country. However, this practice should be guided and validated by a research-based evidence to allow better use of the therapeutic processes, and promote the health of populations.
文摘The solitary tract nucleus of the medulla with its limited watershed vascular capacity may occasionally be the focus of transient ischemia caused by the increased metabolic demands associated with frequent and intense neuronal stimulation from other organs and other parts of the brain. Case reports have suggested that these ischemic changes may sometimes result in the initiation of intense autonomic discharges, which can occasionally be fatal. Therapeutic interventions for the medulla oblongata are hamperedby its limited accessibility. Systemically administered pharmaceuticals may have some usefulness in future years. Previous experience with vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of epilepsy suggests that it may have some usefulness in stabilizing medullary autonomic discharges. Computerized electronic stimulation of other cranial nerves may be helpful as well, especially the chorda tympani nerve, and may be most easily accomplished from implanted dental appliances, especially molar modules, transmitting signals via secondary transmitters procedurally placed on cranial nerves. Future technology may enable wireless signaling from the implanted dental appliance to the secondary transmitter placed at the nerve site. By the year 2050 subspecialists in medullary neurology and brain dentistry may use computerized electronic stimulation of cranial nerves to prevent sudden unexpected death and treat "chest pain from the brain".
文摘Five theories shed lights on the potential mechanisms of aging:somatic mutations,telomere loss,mitochondrial defects,and accumulation of altered proteins inside proteasomes.The existence of a program of aging is not yet identified,but overlaps with a program for risks of death.On the other hand,organisms are programmed for survival,which ultimately fails.This failure results in aging,notabily,focusing on alterations of specific genes.Irregular examinations,dysfunctions,insufficient use of fluoride,and removable partial dentures,are favoring the formation of caries and periodontal pathologies.Oral lesions are due to local trauma,related gingival recession,and formation of pockets.They are associated to insufficient removal of food/plaque.Epithelial thinning,and reduction of extracellular matrix components,lead to plications and foldings of the mucosal surface,and subsequently to bacterial colonization.Geriatric dentistry(or gerodontology)is an increasing field of dentistry,mostly associated with the growing percentage of patients over 80+years.
文摘Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) was developed and introduced specifically for dento-maxillofacial imaging. CBCT possesses a number of advantages over medical CT in clinical practice, such as lower effective radiation doses, lower costs, fewer space requirements,easier image acquisition, and interactive display modes such as mutiplanar reconstruction that are applicable to maxillofacial imaging. However, the disadvantages of CBCT include higher doses than two-dimensional imaging; the inability to accurately represent the internal structure of soft tissues and soft-tissue lesions; a limited correlation with Hounsfield Units for standardized quantification of bone density; and the presence of various types of image artifacts, mainly those produced by metal restorations. CBCT is now commonly used for a variety of purposes in oral implantology, dentomaxillofacial surgery, image-guided surgical procedures, endodontics, periodontics and orthodontics. CBCT applications provide obvious benefits in the assessment of dentomaxillofacial region, however; it should be used only in correct indications considering the necessity and the potential hazards of the examination.
文摘Objectives: To compare the empathy of students in two faculties of Dentistry in Peru and Argentina, three factors were considered: universities, academic year and gender. Material and Methods: Empathy matrices in Dentistry students were measured using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, culturally validated in Peru and Argentina. Empathy data were compared among and within the faculties tested using a three-factor analysis of variance (model III), a Duncan test, and a discriminant analysis. The level of significance used was less than 0.05. Results: We found that differences existed between the students tested. The comparison between the levels of empathy in the studied factors and the presence of unexplained variance showed that empathy was able to differentiate populations. Conclusions: The results indicate variability in the empathy values associated with the factors studied. The discriminant test confirms the differences between faculties revealed by the data matrix resulting from the JSE. These differences are possibly due to the effect of educational and social factors.
文摘Dental pulp stem/stromal cells(DPSCs)are fibroblast-like,neural crest-derived,and multipotent cells that can differentiate into several lineages.They are relatively easy to isolate from healthy and inflamed pulps,with little ethical concerns and can be successfully cryopreserved and thawed.The therapeutic effects of DPSCs derived from animal or human sources have been extensively studied through in-vitro and in-vivo animal experiments and the findings indicated that DPSCs are effective not only for dental diseases but also for systemic diseases.Understanding that translational research is a critical step through which the fundamental scientific discoveries could be translated into applicable diagnostics and therapeutics that directly benefit humans,several clinical studies were carried out to generate evidence for the efficacy and safety of autogenous or allogeneic human DPSCs(hDPSCs)as a treatment modality for use in cell-based therapy,regenerative medicine/dentistry and tissue engineering.In clinical medicine,hDPSCs were effective for treating acute ischemic stroke and human exfoliated deciduous teeth-conditioned medium(SHED-CM)repaired vascular damage of the corpus cavernous,which is the main cause of erectile dysfunction.Whereas in clinical dentistry,autologous SHED was able to rege-nerate necrotic dental pulp after implantation into injured teeth,and micrografts enriched with autologous hDPSCs and collagen sponge were considered a treatment option for human intrabony defects.In contrast,hDPSCs did not add a significant regenerative effect when they were used for the treatment of post-extraction sockets.Large-scale clinical studies across diverse populations are still lacking to provide robust evidence on the safety and efficacy of hDPSCs as a new treatment option for various human diseases including dental-related problems.
文摘BACKGROUND This case of gestational gingival tumor is huge and extremely rare in clinical practice.As the growth location of this gingival tumor is in the upper anterior tooth area,it seriously affects the pregnant woman's speech and food,causing great pain to the patient.The use of Nd:YGA water mist laser to remove the gingival tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,minimal adverse reactions,and good postoperative healing,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a pregnant woman,reported a large lump in her mouth on the first day of postpartum treatment.Based on medical history and clinical examination,the diagnosis was diagnosed as gestational gingival tumor.Postoperative pathological biopsy also confirmed this diagnosis.The use of Nd:YAG water mist laser to remove the tumor resulted in minimal intraoperative bleeding,clear surgical field of view,short surgical time,and good postoperative healing.CONCLUSION In comparison to traditional surgery,Nd:YAG water mist laser surgery is minimally invasive,minimizes cell damage,reduces bleeding,ensures a clear field of vision,and virtually eliminates postoperative edema,carbonization,and the risk of cross infection.It has unique advantages in oral soft tissue surgery for pregnant patients.Therefore,the clinical application of Nd:YAG water mist laser for the treatment of gestational gingival tumors is an ideal choice.
文摘Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.
