Maillard reaction(MR)is a non-enzymatic browning reaction commonly seen in food processing,which occurs between reducing sugars and compounds with amino groups.Despite certain advantages based on Maillard reaction pro...Maillard reaction(MR)is a non-enzymatic browning reaction commonly seen in food processing,which occurs between reducing sugars and compounds with amino groups.Despite certain advantages based on Maillard reaction products(MRPs)found in some food for health and storage application have appeared,however,the MR occurring in human physiological environment can produce advanced glycation end products(AGEs)by non-enzymatic modification of macromolecules such as proteins,lipids and nucleic acid,which could change the structure and functional activity of the molecules themselves.In this review,we take AGEs as our main object,on the one hand,discuss physiologic aging,that is,age-dependent covalent cross-linking and modification of proteins such as collagen that occur in eyes and skin containing connective tissue.On the other hand,pathological aging associated with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,neurodegenerative diseases,diabetes and diabetic nephropathy,cardiovascular diseases and bone degenerative diseases have been mainly proposed.Based on the series of adverse effects of accelerated aging and disease pathologies caused by MRPs,the possible harm caused by some MR can be slowed down or inhibited by artificial drug intervention,dietary pattern and lifestyle control.It also stimulates people's curiosity to continue to explore the potential link between the MR and human aging and health,which should be paid more attention to for the development of life sciences.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the prevention and management of perioperative nausea and vomiting and reflux aspiration in painless hysteroscopy patients.Methods:The clinical datum of one patient with reflux and postoperati...Objective:To investigate the prevention and management of perioperative nausea and vomiting and reflux aspiration in painless hysteroscopy patients.Methods:The clinical datum of one patient with reflux and postoperative vomiting and another one with a history of multiple postoperative nausea and vomiting during painless hysteroscopy were retrospectively analyzed.Results:In case 1,despite the occurrence of reflux,no significant aspiration or other serious consequences occurred through positive attraction,ondansetron,dexamethasone,droperidol and other drugs and candy treatment,then nausea and vomiting gradually eased.In case 2,due to the reduction of preoperative dosage of sufentanil,prophylactic application of ondansetron,psychological intervention and postoperative candy,no nausea and vomiting occurred during the painless hysteroscopy.The patient recovered quickly with high satisfaction.Conclusion:Patients with a high risk of nausea and vomiting may be ameliorated by positive psychological and drug intervention.Even if patients have intraoperative reflux and postoperative nausea and vomiting,it can be relieved by psychological and drug treatment,and the occurrence of serious complications such as aspiration can be prevented.展开更多
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170873,81871095)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81974503)the Tsinghua University Spring Breeze Fund (20211080005)。
文摘Maillard reaction(MR)is a non-enzymatic browning reaction commonly seen in food processing,which occurs between reducing sugars and compounds with amino groups.Despite certain advantages based on Maillard reaction products(MRPs)found in some food for health and storage application have appeared,however,the MR occurring in human physiological environment can produce advanced glycation end products(AGEs)by non-enzymatic modification of macromolecules such as proteins,lipids and nucleic acid,which could change the structure and functional activity of the molecules themselves.In this review,we take AGEs as our main object,on the one hand,discuss physiologic aging,that is,age-dependent covalent cross-linking and modification of proteins such as collagen that occur in eyes and skin containing connective tissue.On the other hand,pathological aging associated with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,neurodegenerative diseases,diabetes and diabetic nephropathy,cardiovascular diseases and bone degenerative diseases have been mainly proposed.Based on the series of adverse effects of accelerated aging and disease pathologies caused by MRPs,the possible harm caused by some MR can be slowed down or inhibited by artificial drug intervention,dietary pattern and lifestyle control.It also stimulates people's curiosity to continue to explore the potential link between the MR and human aging and health,which should be paid more attention to for the development of life sciences.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81801175 to Chaoliang Tang)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M662179)the Anhui Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019B324).
文摘Objective:To investigate the prevention and management of perioperative nausea and vomiting and reflux aspiration in painless hysteroscopy patients.Methods:The clinical datum of one patient with reflux and postoperative vomiting and another one with a history of multiple postoperative nausea and vomiting during painless hysteroscopy were retrospectively analyzed.Results:In case 1,despite the occurrence of reflux,no significant aspiration or other serious consequences occurred through positive attraction,ondansetron,dexamethasone,droperidol and other drugs and candy treatment,then nausea and vomiting gradually eased.In case 2,due to the reduction of preoperative dosage of sufentanil,prophylactic application of ondansetron,psychological intervention and postoperative candy,no nausea and vomiting occurred during the painless hysteroscopy.The patient recovered quickly with high satisfaction.Conclusion:Patients with a high risk of nausea and vomiting may be ameliorated by positive psychological and drug intervention.Even if patients have intraoperative reflux and postoperative nausea and vomiting,it can be relieved by psychological and drug treatment,and the occurrence of serious complications such as aspiration can be prevented.
