<b>Background</b><b>: </b>In India, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, and the advent of drug resistance TB (DR-TB) has worsened the situation. The Revised National TB Control ...<b>Background</b><b>: </b>In India, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, and the advent of drug resistance TB (DR-TB) has worsened the situation. The Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) has introduced universal drug susceptibility testing (UDST) for all diagnosed TB cases in 2018. We conducted this study to know the advantage of implementing UDST when compared to selective testing existent in 2017 on key diagnostic cascade parameters and to identify the challenges in the implementation of UDST. <b>Methods</b><b>: </b>The study was conducted in two districts of Karnataka, India during January 2017-December 2018. The quantitative part consisted of before-and-after design and the qualitative part consisted of descriptive design.<b> Results</b><b>: </b>In 2017 (during selective testing/“before” period) out of the 2440 TB patients, 80 (3%) were diagnosed with Isoniazid and Rifampicin resistance patients;in contrast in 2018 (during UDST/“after” period) of the 5129 TB patients 258 (5%) were diagnosed with Isoniazid and Rifampicin resistance. However, the proportion of eligible patients tested for rifampicin resistance during the “after” period was 60% when compared to 100% during the “before” period and median turnaround time for testing was also longer during the “after” period when compared to the “before” period (32.5 days vs 27.5 days). Major reasons for these two gaps were found to be difficulties in collecting sputum specimens and transportation. <b>Conclusion</b><b>: </b>The rollout of UDST has led to a three-fold increase in a number of DR-TB cases detected in the region. There is a need for the programme to increase the proportion tested for DST by increasing the laboratory capacity and address the challenges in sputum collection and transportation.展开更多
To identify the cause of mass mortality of adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a farm in Gaoyou City,Jiangsu Province,China,a dominant strain named DKQ-1 was isolated from the hepatopancreas of dying M.rosenbergii and ...To identify the cause of mass mortality of adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a farm in Gaoyou City,Jiangsu Province,China,a dominant strain named DKQ-1 was isolated from the hepatopancreas of dying M.rosenbergii and identified as Aeromonas dhakensis by purification culture,biochemical characterization,and 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis.The results of the challenge test revealed that the strain was highly pathogenic and the 50%lethal dose(LD_(50))in 72 h to M.rosenbergii was 1.54×10^(5)CFU/mL.The amplification results of virulence genes show that strain DKQ-1 carried 9 virulence genes,including ascV,aexT,aer,act,lip,ompAI,gcaT,acg,and exu,supporting the strong virulence of strain DKQ-1 to M.rosenbergii.Histopathological observation of the hepatopancreas,gills,and intestines indicated that DKQ-1 injection into M.rosenbergii could cause serious tissue damage,which further supported the strong virulence of this strain.In addition,a drug susceptibility test revealed that strain DKQ-1 was sensitive to 16 kinds of antibiotics,resistant to 9 kinds of antibiotics,and had intermediate resistance to spectinomycin and kanamycin.This study is the first report of A.dhakensis isolated from M.rosenbergii and provided a reference for the pathogen identification of bacterial diseases in M.rosenbergii,and for the prevention and treatment caused by A.dhakensis.展开更多
Two dominant strains of bacteria Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 were isolated and purified from scabies,liver and intestine of diseased Peodiscus sinensis.By artificial infection test,the two strains were verified as pathogenic ...Two dominant strains of bacteria Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 were isolated and purified from scabies,liver and intestine of diseased Peodiscus sinensis.By artificial infection test,the two strains were verified as pathogenic strains with similar characters to that of natural infectious cases.The strains Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 showed strong pathogenicity to healthy P.sinensis in the artificial infection experiment,so they were the pathogenic strain of the disease.According to the morphology,physicochemical characteristics,16 S rDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree clustering,the pathogenic strains Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 were identified as Proteus vulgaris and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum which were tolerant to 20 drugs such as penicillin,tetracycline and ampicillin.Histopathological observation on diseased P.sinensis showed the pathological symptoms of sepsis such as hemorrhage and congestion of liver,spleen and intestine,and glomerular disintegration.展开更多
Alternative antimicrobial therapies are urgently needed for a variety of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.Faropenem is an orally available b-lactam in the class of carbapenem antibiotics.Thus far,little informa...Alternative antimicrobial therapies are urgently needed for a variety of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.Faropenem is an orally available b-lactam in the class of carbapenem antibiotics.Thus far,little information is available on faropenem susceptibility of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates from China.Therefore,in the current study 141 contemporary clinical isolates,including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA:n=18),coagulase-negative staphylococci(CNS:n=16),Enterococcus faecalis(n=14),Enterococcus faecium(n=7),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n=25),Klebsiella pneumoniae(n=21),Escherichia coli(n=20),and Acinetobacter baumannii(n=20),were collected between March 2018 and March 2019 and tested for susceptibility to faropenem and other antimicrobials using the broth microdilution method.All E.faecium,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii isolates were fully resistant to faropenem.However,most of the MRSA,CNS,E.faecalis,K.pneumonia,and E.coli isolates appeared to be susceptible to faropenem,with minimal inhibitory concentration90 values of 4mg/L,2mg/L,2mg/L,4mg/L,and 2mg/L,respectively.Therefore,faropenem could be considered as alternative therapy for future treatment of multidrug-resistant MRSA,CNS,E.faecalis,K.pneumonia,and E.coli infections in China.展开更多
文摘<b>Background</b><b>: </b>In India, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, and the advent of drug resistance TB (DR-TB) has worsened the situation. The Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) has introduced universal drug susceptibility testing (UDST) for all diagnosed TB cases in 2018. We conducted this study to know the advantage of implementing UDST when compared to selective testing existent in 2017 on key diagnostic cascade parameters and to identify the challenges in the implementation of UDST. <b>Methods</b><b>: </b>The study was conducted in two districts of Karnataka, India during January 2017-December 2018. The quantitative part consisted of before-and-after design and the qualitative part consisted of descriptive design.<b> Results</b><b>: </b>In 2017 (during selective testing/“before” period) out of the 2440 TB patients, 80 (3%) were diagnosed with Isoniazid and Rifampicin resistance patients;in contrast in 2018 (during UDST/“after” period) of the 5129 TB patients 258 (5%) were diagnosed with Isoniazid and Rifampicin resistance. However, the proportion of eligible patients tested for rifampicin resistance during the “after” period was 60% when compared to 100% during the “before” period and median turnaround time for testing was also longer during the “after” period when compared to the “before” period (32.5 days vs 27.5 days). Major reasons for these two gaps were found to be difficulties in collecting sputum specimens and transportation. <b>Conclusion</b><b>: </b>The rollout of UDST has led to a three-fold increase in a number of DR-TB cases detected in the region. There is a need for the programme to increase the proportion tested for DST by increasing the laboratory capacity and address the challenges in sputum collection and transportation.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-48)the Key Scientific and Technological Grant of Zhejiang for Breeding New Agricultural Varieties(No.2021 C 02069-4-3)the Major Research&Development Program(modern agriculture)of Jiangsu Province(No.BE 2019352)。
文摘To identify the cause of mass mortality of adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a farm in Gaoyou City,Jiangsu Province,China,a dominant strain named DKQ-1 was isolated from the hepatopancreas of dying M.rosenbergii and identified as Aeromonas dhakensis by purification culture,biochemical characterization,and 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis.The results of the challenge test revealed that the strain was highly pathogenic and the 50%lethal dose(LD_(50))in 72 h to M.rosenbergii was 1.54×10^(5)CFU/mL.The amplification results of virulence genes show that strain DKQ-1 carried 9 virulence genes,including ascV,aexT,aer,act,lip,ompAI,gcaT,acg,and exu,supporting the strong virulence of strain DKQ-1 to M.rosenbergii.Histopathological observation of the hepatopancreas,gills,and intestines indicated that DKQ-1 injection into M.rosenbergii could cause serious tissue damage,which further supported the strong virulence of this strain.In addition,a drug susceptibility test revealed that strain DKQ-1 was sensitive to 16 kinds of antibiotics,resistant to 9 kinds of antibiotics,and had intermediate resistance to spectinomycin and kanamycin.This study is the first report of A.dhakensis isolated from M.rosenbergii and provided a reference for the pathogen identification of bacterial diseases in M.rosenbergii,and for the prevention and treatment caused by A.dhakensis.
基金Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals(2018TP1027)Key R&D Projects of Hunan Province(2018NK2074).
文摘Two dominant strains of bacteria Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 were isolated and purified from scabies,liver and intestine of diseased Peodiscus sinensis.By artificial infection test,the two strains were verified as pathogenic strains with similar characters to that of natural infectious cases.The strains Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 showed strong pathogenicity to healthy P.sinensis in the artificial infection experiment,so they were the pathogenic strain of the disease.According to the morphology,physicochemical characteristics,16 S rDNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree clustering,the pathogenic strains Lb18-01 and Lb18-02 were identified as Proteus vulgaris and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum which were tolerant to 20 drugs such as penicillin,tetracycline and ampicillin.Histopathological observation on diseased P.sinensis showed the pathological symptoms of sepsis such as hemorrhage and congestion of liver,spleen and intestine,and glomerular disintegration.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major project of 13th Five Year of China(2017ZX10105001006001).
文摘Alternative antimicrobial therapies are urgently needed for a variety of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.Faropenem is an orally available b-lactam in the class of carbapenem antibiotics.Thus far,little information is available on faropenem susceptibility of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates from China.Therefore,in the current study 141 contemporary clinical isolates,including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA:n=18),coagulase-negative staphylococci(CNS:n=16),Enterococcus faecalis(n=14),Enterococcus faecium(n=7),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(n=25),Klebsiella pneumoniae(n=21),Escherichia coli(n=20),and Acinetobacter baumannii(n=20),were collected between March 2018 and March 2019 and tested for susceptibility to faropenem and other antimicrobials using the broth microdilution method.All E.faecium,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii isolates were fully resistant to faropenem.However,most of the MRSA,CNS,E.faecalis,K.pneumonia,and E.coli isolates appeared to be susceptible to faropenem,with minimal inhibitory concentration90 values of 4mg/L,2mg/L,2mg/L,4mg/L,and 2mg/L,respectively.Therefore,faropenem could be considered as alternative therapy for future treatment of multidrug-resistant MRSA,CNS,E.faecalis,K.pneumonia,and E.coli infections in China.
