The management of sepsis evolved recently with the publication of three large trials (referred to as the sepsis trilogy) investigating the efficacy of early goal-directed therapy (EGDT). Our goal was to determine if t...The management of sepsis evolved recently with the publication of three large trials (referred to as the sepsis trilogy) investigating the efficacy of early goal-directed therapy (EGDT). Our goal was to determine if the publication of these trials has influenced the use of EGDT when caring for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department (ED). In February 2014, we surveyed a sample of board-certified emergency medicine physicians regarding their use of EGDT in the ED. A follow-up survey was sent after the publication of the sepsis trilogy. Data was analyzed using 95% confidence intervals to determine if there was a change in the use of EGDT following the publication of the above trials. Subgroup analyses were also performed with regard to academic affiliation and emergency department volume. Surveys were sent to 308 and 350 physicians in the pre-and post-publication periods, respectively. Overall, ED use of EGDT did not change with publication of the sepsis trilogy, 48.7% (CI 39.3% - 58.2%) before and 50.5% (CI 40.6% - 60.3%) after. Subgroup analysis revealed that academic-affiliated EDs significantly decreased EGDT use following the sepsis trilogy while nonacademic departments significantly increased EGDT use. Use of EGDT was significantly greater in community departments versus academic departments following the publication of the sepsis trilogy. There was no change overall in the use of EGDT protocols when caring for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, but subgroup analyses revealed that academic departments decreased their use of EGDT while community departments increased use of EGDT. This may be due to varying rates of uptake of the medical literature between academic and community healthcare systems.展开更多
Background： Early goal-directed therapy （EGDT） has become an important therapeutic management in early salvage stage of septic shock. However, splenic organs possibly remained hypoperfused and hypoxic despite fluid...Background： Early goal-directed therapy （EGDT） has become an important therapeutic management in early salvage stage of septic shock. However, splenic organs possibly remained hypoperfused and hypoxic despite fluid resuscitation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EGDT on hepatic perfusion in septic shock patients. Methods： A prospective observational study was carried out in early septic shock patients who were admitted to Intensive Care Unit within 24 h after onset and who met all four elements of the EGDT criteria after treatment with the standard EGDT procedure within 6 h between December 1, 2012 and November 30, 2013. The hemodynamic data were recorded, and oxygen metabolism and hepatic functions were monitored. An indocyanine green clearance test was applied to detect the hepatic perfusion. The patients＇ characteristics were compared before treatment （TO）, immediately after EGDT （T 1 ）, and 24 h after EGDT （T2）. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.org, NCT02060773. Results： Twenty-one patients were included in the study; however, the hepatic perfusion data were not included in the analysis for two patients： therefore, 19 patients were eligible for the study. Hemodynamics data, as monitored by pulse-indicator continuous cardiac output, were obtained from 16 patients. There were no significant differences in indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate （ICG-PDR） and 15-min retention rate （Rl 5） at TO （ 11.9 ±5.0%/min and 20.0 ±13.2%）, T1 （ 11.4 ± 5.1%/min and 23.6 ± 14.9%）, and T2 （ 11.0 ±4.5%/rain and 23.7 ± 15.3%） （all P 〉 0.05）. Both of the alterations of ICG-PDR and R l 5 showed no differences at TO, T1, and T2 in the patients of different subgroups that achieved different resuscitation goal numbers when elected （P 〉 0.05）.展开更多
AIM: To assess the rate of infection, appropriateness of antimicrobial-therapy and mortality on intensive care unit(ICU). Special focus was drawn on patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: The study was approved by the...AIM: To assess the rate of infection, appropriateness of antimicrobial-therapy and mortality on intensive care unit(ICU). Special focus was drawn on patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: The study was approved by the local ethical committee. All patients admitted to the Internal Medicine-ICU between April 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009 were included. Data were extracted retrospectively from all patients using patient charts and electronic documentations on infection, microbiological laboratory reports, diagnosis and therapy. Due to the large hepatology department and liver transplantation center, special interest was on the subgroup of patients with liver cirrhosis. The primary statistical-endpoint was the evaluation of the influence of appropriate versusinappropriate antimicrobial-therapy on in-hospitalmortality.RESULTS: Charts of 1979 patients were available. The overall infection-rate was 53%. Multiresistantbacteria were present in 23% of patients with infection and were associated with increased mortality(p < 0.000001). patients with infection had significantly increased in-hospital-mortality(34% vs 17%, p < 0.000001). Only 9% of patients with infection received inappropriate initial antimicrobial-therapy, no influence on mortality was observed. Independent risk-factors for in-hospital-mortality were the presence of septicshock, prior chemotherapy for malignoma and infection with pseudomonas spp. Infection and mortality-rate among 175 patients with liver-cirrhosis was significantly higher than in patients without liver-cirrhosis. Infection increased mortality 2.24-fold in patients with cirrhosis. patients with liver cirrhosis were at an increased risk to receive inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy.CONCLUSION: The results of the present study report the successful implementation of early-goal-directed therapy. Liver cirrhosis patients are at increased risk of infection, mortality and to receive inappropriate therapy. Increasing burden are multiresistant-bacteria.展开更多
目的探讨中心静动脉血二氧化碳分压差（Pcv—aCO2）和早期乳酸清除率在评估感染性休克患者预后中的临床意义。方法选取2010-01—2013—10收住我院重症医学科的82例经早期目标导向治疗（EGDT）达标的感染性休克患者进行前瞻性观察研究，...目的探讨中心静动脉血二氧化碳分压差（Pcv—aCO2）和早期乳酸清除率在评估感染性休克患者预后中的临床意义。方法选取2010-01—2013—10收住我院重症医学科的82例经早期目标导向治疗（EGDT）达标的感染性休克患者进行前瞻性观察研究，记录入院6hPcv—aCO2及患者入院后第-个24h急性生理学和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ，APACHEⅡ）评分和全身性感染相关性器官衰竭（SOFA）评分；并记录入院时、人院6h、入院24h动脉血乳酸，计算早期乳酸清除率；以入院6hPcv—aCO2高低分为两组：A组（Pcv—aCO2〈6mmHg）和B组（Pcv—aCO2≥6mmHg），比较两组患者乳酸清除率、SOFA评分及病死率。以6h乳酸清除率高低分为两组：c组（乳酸清除率≤10％）和D组（乳酸清除率〉10％），比较两组患者的28天病死率。根据28天病程转归分为死亡组（32例）和存活组（50例），比较两组患者不同时间动脉血乳酸浓度、APACHEⅡ评分。结果B组较A组乳酸清除率低，SOFA评分及病死率高，入院6hPcv—aCO2与6h乳酸清除率存在负相关（r=-0．324，P=0．003）。D组病死率低于C组（P〈0．05）。存活组APACHEⅡ评分较死亡组高，而入院时、6h、24h动脉血乳酸浓度均低于死亡组（P〈0．05）。结论6hPcv—aC02和6h乳酸清除率可作为判断感染性休克患者预后的指标。展开更多
文摘The management of sepsis evolved recently with the publication of three large trials (referred to as the sepsis trilogy) investigating the efficacy of early goal-directed therapy (EGDT). Our goal was to determine if the publication of these trials has influenced the use of EGDT when caring for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department (ED). In February 2014, we surveyed a sample of board-certified emergency medicine physicians regarding their use of EGDT in the ED. A follow-up survey was sent after the publication of the sepsis trilogy. Data was analyzed using 95% confidence intervals to determine if there was a change in the use of EGDT following the publication of the above trials. Subgroup analyses were also performed with regard to academic affiliation and emergency department volume. Surveys were sent to 308 and 350 physicians in the pre-and post-publication periods, respectively. Overall, ED use of EGDT did not change with publication of the sepsis trilogy, 48.7% (CI 39.3% - 58.2%) before and 50.5% (CI 40.6% - 60.3%) after. Subgroup analysis revealed that academic-affiliated EDs significantly decreased EGDT use following the sepsis trilogy while nonacademic departments significantly increased EGDT use. Use of EGDT was significantly greater in community departments versus academic departments following the publication of the sepsis trilogy. There was no change overall in the use of EGDT protocols when caring for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, but subgroup analyses revealed that academic departments decreased their use of EGDT while community departments increased use of EGDT. This may be due to varying rates of uptake of the medical literature between academic and community healthcare systems.
文摘Background： Early goal-directed therapy （EGDT） has become an important therapeutic management in early salvage stage of septic shock. However, splenic organs possibly remained hypoperfused and hypoxic despite fluid resuscitation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EGDT on hepatic perfusion in septic shock patients. Methods： A prospective observational study was carried out in early septic shock patients who were admitted to Intensive Care Unit within 24 h after onset and who met all four elements of the EGDT criteria after treatment with the standard EGDT procedure within 6 h between December 1, 2012 and November 30, 2013. The hemodynamic data were recorded, and oxygen metabolism and hepatic functions were monitored. An indocyanine green clearance test was applied to detect the hepatic perfusion. The patients＇ characteristics were compared before treatment （TO）, immediately after EGDT （T 1 ）, and 24 h after EGDT （T2）. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.org, NCT02060773. Results： Twenty-one patients were included in the study; however, the hepatic perfusion data were not included in the analysis for two patients： therefore, 19 patients were eligible for the study. Hemodynamics data, as monitored by pulse-indicator continuous cardiac output, were obtained from 16 patients. There were no significant differences in indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate （ICG-PDR） and 15-min retention rate （Rl 5） at TO （ 11.9 ±5.0%/min and 20.0 ±13.2%）, T1 （ 11.4 ± 5.1%/min and 23.6 ± 14.9%）, and T2 （ 11.0 ±4.5%/rain and 23.7 ± 15.3%） （all P 〉 0.05）. Both of the alterations of ICG-PDR and R l 5 showed no differences at TO, T1, and T2 in the patients of different subgroups that achieved different resuscitation goal numbers when elected （P 〉 0.05）.
文摘AIM: To assess the rate of infection, appropriateness of antimicrobial-therapy and mortality on intensive care unit(ICU). Special focus was drawn on patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: The study was approved by the local ethical committee. All patients admitted to the Internal Medicine-ICU between April 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009 were included. Data were extracted retrospectively from all patients using patient charts and electronic documentations on infection, microbiological laboratory reports, diagnosis and therapy. Due to the large hepatology department and liver transplantation center, special interest was on the subgroup of patients with liver cirrhosis. The primary statistical-endpoint was the evaluation of the influence of appropriate versusinappropriate antimicrobial-therapy on in-hospitalmortality.RESULTS: Charts of 1979 patients were available. The overall infection-rate was 53%. Multiresistantbacteria were present in 23% of patients with infection and were associated with increased mortality(p < 0.000001). patients with infection had significantly increased in-hospital-mortality(34% vs 17%, p < 0.000001). Only 9% of patients with infection received inappropriate initial antimicrobial-therapy, no influence on mortality was observed. Independent risk-factors for in-hospital-mortality were the presence of septicshock, prior chemotherapy for malignoma and infection with pseudomonas spp. Infection and mortality-rate among 175 patients with liver-cirrhosis was significantly higher than in patients without liver-cirrhosis. Infection increased mortality 2.24-fold in patients with cirrhosis. patients with liver cirrhosis were at an increased risk to receive inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy.CONCLUSION: The results of the present study report the successful implementation of early-goal-directed therapy. Liver cirrhosis patients are at increased risk of infection, mortality and to receive inappropriate therapy. Increasing burden are multiresistant-bacteria.
文摘目的探讨中心静动脉血二氧化碳分压差（Pcv—aCO2）和早期乳酸清除率在评估感染性休克患者预后中的临床意义。方法选取2010-01—2013—10收住我院重症医学科的82例经早期目标导向治疗（EGDT）达标的感染性休克患者进行前瞻性观察研究，记录入院6hPcv—aCO2及患者入院后第-个24h急性生理学和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ，APACHEⅡ）评分和全身性感染相关性器官衰竭（SOFA）评分；并记录入院时、人院6h、入院24h动脉血乳酸，计算早期乳酸清除率；以入院6hPcv—aCO2高低分为两组：A组（Pcv—aCO2〈6mmHg）和B组（Pcv—aCO2≥6mmHg），比较两组患者乳酸清除率、SOFA评分及病死率。以6h乳酸清除率高低分为两组：c组（乳酸清除率≤10％）和D组（乳酸清除率〉10％），比较两组患者的28天病死率。根据28天病程转归分为死亡组（32例）和存活组（50例），比较两组患者不同时间动脉血乳酸浓度、APACHEⅡ评分。结果B组较A组乳酸清除率低，SOFA评分及病死率高，入院6hPcv—aCO2与6h乳酸清除率存在负相关（r=-0．324，P=0．003）。D组病死率低于C组（P〈0．05）。存活组APACHEⅡ评分较死亡组高，而入院时、6h、24h动脉血乳酸浓度均低于死亡组（P〈0．05）。结论6hPcv—aC02和6h乳酸清除率可作为判断感染性休克患者预后的指标。
