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Enterococcus faecalis provides protection during scavenging in carrion crow (Corvus corone)
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作者 Bin Hu Jia-Min Wang +5 位作者 Qing-Xun Zhang Jing Xu Ya-Nan Xing Bo Wang Shu-Yi Han Hong-Xuan He 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期451-463,共13页
The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to spec... The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to specific dietary habits.The carrion crow(Corvus corone),an urban facultative scavenger bird,hosts an abundance of pathogens due to its scavenging behavior.Despite this,carrion crows infrequently exhibit illness,a phenomenon related to their unique physiological adaptability.At present,however,the role of the gut microbiota remains incompletely understood.In this study,we performed a comparative analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology to assess colonic content in carrion crows and 16 other bird species with different diets in Beijing,China.Our findings revealed that the dominant gut microbiota in carrion crows was primarily composed of Proteobacteria(75.51%)and Firmicutes(22.37%).Significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of Enterococcus faecalis among groups,highlighting its potential as a biomarker of facultative scavenging behavior in carrion crows.Subsequently,E.faecalis isolated from carrion crows was transplanted into model mice to explore the protective effects of this bacterial community against Salmonella enterica infection.Results showed that E.faecalis down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),and interleukin 6(IL-6),prevented S.enterica colonization,and regulated the composition of gut microbiota in mice,thereby modulating the host’s immune regulatory capacity.Therefore,E.faecalis exerts immunoregulatory and anti-pathogenic functions in carrion crows engaged in scavenging behavior,offering a representative case of how the gut microbiota contributes to the protection of hosts with specialized diets. 展开更多
关键词 Carrion crow Facultative scavenger Gut microbiota enterococcus faecalis 16S rRNA sequencing
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Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolates from Urine and Pleural Fluid in Two Hospitals of Cameroon
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作者 Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue Farid Wega +9 位作者 Grace Yemina Kombeu Cedric Seugnou Nana Christiane Possi Kiyang Lussabella Pohoko Medzam Erica Megane Noubissi Makougoum Nellie Mbianga Nkuigoua Herman Koyouo Tagne Mérimé Joël Tchinda Talokou Yvonne Valérie Yolande Mavoungou Ashu Michel Agbor 《Open Journal of Medical Microbiology》 2024年第1期39-49,共11页
Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse env... Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions (low or high temperatures, high pH, and high salinity). The global Enterococcus faecalis-Enterococcus faecium ratio is currently shifting towards Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci present variable levels of resistance to certain families of antibiotics. This is the case for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and cephalosporins. In 2017, WHO ranked Enterococci among priority pathogens for research and development of new antibiotics. The objective of our study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from urine and pleural fluid in two hospitals in Cameroon. This cross-sectional and analytic study was carried out between June to August 2023 on hospitalized and day patients in which a cytobacteriological test of urine and pleural fluid was done. The samples were inoculated on CLED Agar for urine and on Chocolate + polyvitex and blood agar (prepared from Columbia agar) for pleural fluid samples and incubated at 37℃ for 18 to 24 hours. Identification of isolates was carried out using the API 20 STREP micro gallery (Biomerieux, France) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The data on socio-demographical and potential risk factors were recorded using self-administered questionnaires and data from laboratory analyses of the specimen were collected in a data capture sheet. Potential risk factors associated with the presence of Enterococci, were evaluated using the logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. A total of 511 patients were recruited who were predominantly females. Enterococcus spp were isolated in 27.79% of our samples with Enterococcus faecalis mostly encountered. Enterococcus spp showed a high level of resistance to penicilline (99.3% to Ampicilline), macrolides (66.2% to Erythromycin) and cyclines (85.2% to Doxycycline). Hospitalisation, access to health facilities, contact with urine specimen and hand hygiene practices were risk factors related to infection with Enterococcus spp while hospitalisation, health facility and hand hygiene were related to glycopeptide resistant Enterococcus. Strict compliance with hygiene rules and appropriate antibiotic consumption could help in the fight against these infections. 展开更多
关键词 enterococcus faecalis enterococcus faecium Healthcare-Associated Infections Antimicrobial Resistance Cameroon
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Effects of lysedEnterococcus faecalis FK-23 on experimental allergic rhinitis in a murine model 被引量:11
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作者 Luping Zhu Takashi Shimada +6 位作者 Ruoxi Chen Meiping Lu Qingzhao Zhang Wenmin Lu Min Yin Tadao Enomoto Lei Cheng 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS 2012年第3期226-234,共9页
In the current study, we sought to investigate whether lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 (LFK), a heat-killed probiotic preparation, attenuated eosinophil influx into the upper airway and had immunomodulatory activi... In the current study, we sought to investigate whether lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 (LFK), a heat-killed probiotic preparation, attenuated eosinophil influx into the upper airway and had immunomodulatory activity in a murine allergic rhinitis model. Eighteen BALB/c mice were divided into three groups; the ovalbumin (OVA)-sen- sitized/challenged group, which received saline orally for 6 weeks (OVA group), the OVA-sensitized/challenged group, which received LFK orally for 6 weeks (LFK-fed group), and the non-sensitized group, which received saline for 6 weeks (saline control group). Nasal rubbing and sneezing were monitored during the study. After the final challenge, interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-y, and OVA-specific IgE levels in the sera and splenocyte culture supernatants were determined, eosinophilic infiltrate into the upper airway was quantified, and splenic CD4~CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were examined by flow cytometry. We found that nasal rubbing was sig- nificantly reduced in LFK-fed mice compared to the OVA group on d 27 and 35, and sneezing was significantly inhibited by LFK administration for 35 d. LFK-fed mice had significantly less eosinophil influx into the nasal mucosa than the OVA group. There were no significant differences between the LFK-fed group and OVA group in the serum and splenocyte culture supernatant levels of IL-4, IFN-y, and OVA-specific IgE. Interestingly, the LFK-fed mice had a significantly greater percentage of splenic CD4+CD25+ Tregs than OVA group. Our results indicate that oral administration of LFK may alleviate nasal symptoms, reduce nasal eosinophilia, and increase the percentage of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in experimental allergic rhinitis. 展开更多
关键词 allergic rhinitis PROBIOTICS enterococcus faecalis CYTOKINES EOSINOPHILS regulatory T-lymphocytes mice
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Residual activity of cetrimide and chlorhexidine on Enterococcus faecalis-infected root canals 被引量:5
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作者 Carmen María Ferrer-Luque María Teresa Arias-Moliz +2 位作者 Matilde Ruíz-Linares María Elena Martínez García Pilar Baca 《International Journal of Oral Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第1期46-49,共4页
Effective final irrigation regimen is an important step in order to achieve better disinfection and ensure residual antimicrobial effects after root canal preparation. The aim of this study was to compare the residual... Effective final irrigation regimen is an important step in order to achieve better disinfection and ensure residual antimicrobial effects after root canal preparation. The aim of this study was to compare the residual antimicrobial activity of 0.2% cetrimide, and 0.2% and 2% chlorhexidine in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Biofilms of E. faecalis were grown on uniradicular roots for 4 weeks. After root canal preparation, root canals were irrigated with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to remove the smear layer. The roots were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n=26) according to the final irrigating solution: Group I, 5 mL 0.2% cetrimide; Group II, 5 mL 0.2% chlorhexidine; and Group III, 5 mL 2% chlorhexidine. Samples were collected for 50 days to denote the presence of bacterial growth. The proportion of ungrown specimens over 50 days was evaluated using the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Differences among groups were tested using the log-rank test and the level of statistical significance was set at P〈0.05. The highest survival value was found with 2% chlorhexidine, showing statistically significant differences from the other two groups. At 50 days, E. faecalisgrowth was detected in 69.23% specimens in Groups I and II, and in 34.61% specimens of Group III. There were no significant differences between 0.2% cetrimide and 0.2% chlorhexidine. Final irrigation with 2% chlorhexidine showed greater residual activity than 0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% cetrimide in root canals infected with E. faecalis. 展开更多
关键词 antimicrobial effects biofilms cetrimide CHLORHEXIDINE enterococcus faecalis final irrigation residual activity
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Antimicrobial effect of alexidine and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis infection 被引量:4
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作者 Hyun-Shik Kim Seok Woo Chang +4 位作者 Seung-Ho Baek Seung Hyun Han Yoon Lee Qiang Zhu Kee-Yeon Kum 《International Journal of Oral Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第1期26-31,共6页
A previous study demonstrated that alexidine has greater affinity for the major virulence factors of bacteria than chlorhexidine.The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of 1%alexidine with that... A previous study demonstrated that alexidine has greater affinity for the major virulence factors of bacteria than chlorhexidine.The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of 1%alexidine with that of 2%chlorhexidine using Enterococcus faecalis-infected dentin blocks.Sixty bovine dentin blocks were prepared and randomly divided into six groups of 10 each.E.faecalis was inoculated on 60 dentin blocks using the Luppens apparatus for 24 h and then the dentin blocks were soaked in 2%chlorhexidine or 1%alexidine solutions for 5 and 10 min,respectively.Sterile saline was used as a control.The antimicrobial efficacy was assessed by counting the number of bacteria adhering to the dentin surface and observing the degradation of bacterial shape or membrane rupture under a scanning electron microscope.Significantly fewer bacteria were observed in the 2%chlorhexidine-or 1%alexidine-soaked groups than in the control group(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the number of bacteria adhering to the dentinal surface between the two experimental groups or between the two soaking time groups(P>0.05).Ruptured or antiseptic-attached bacteria were more frequently observed in the 10-min-soaked chlorhexidine and alexidine groups than in the 5-min-soaked chlorhexidine and alexidine groups.In conclusion,10-min soaking with 1%alexidine or 2%chlorhexidine can be effective against E.faecalis infection. 展开更多
关键词 alexidine antibacterial effect CHLORHEXIDINE enterococcus faecalis Luppens apparatus root canal soaking scanning electron microscope
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Efficacy of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma as an Antibacterial Agent Against Enterococcus Faecalis in Vitro 被引量:3
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作者 曹颖光 杨平 +4 位作者 卢新培 熊紫兰 叶涛 熊青 孙自镛 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2011年第1期93-98,共6页
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a microorganism that can survive extreme challenges in obturated root canals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma pl... Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a microorganism that can survive extreme challenges in obturated root canals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma plume against E. faecalis in vitro. A non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet device which could generate a cold plasma plume carrying a peak current of 300 mA was used. The antibacterial efficacy of this device against E. faecalis and its biofihn un- der different conditions was detected. The antibacterial efficacy of the plasma against E. faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was also evaluated. After plasma treatment, the average diameter of inhibition zone on S. aureus and E. faecalis was 2.62±0.26 cm and 1.06±0.30 cm, respectively (P 〈 0.05). The diameter was increased with prolongation of the treatment dura- tion. The diameters of inhibition zone of the sealed Petri dishes were larger than those of the uncovered Petri dishes. There was significant difference in colony-forming units between plasma group and control group on E. faecalis biofilm (P 〈 0.01). The transmission electron microscopy revealed that the ultrastructural changes eytoderm of E. faecalis were observed after treatment for 2min. It is concluded that the non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma could serve as an effective adjunct to standard endodontie microbial treatment. 展开更多
关键词 non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet enterococcus faecalis Staphy- lococcus aureus
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Prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis in saliva and filled root canals of teeth associated with apical periodontitis 被引量:12
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作者 Qian-Qian Wang Cheng-Fei Zhang +1 位作者 Chun-Hung Chu Xiao-Fei Zhu 《International Journal of Oral Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第1期19-23,共5页
To investigate the prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis in saliva and filled root canals of patients requiring endodontic retreatment for apical periodontitis.Patients with apical periodontitis who were referred for en... To investigate the prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis in saliva and filled root canals of patients requiring endodontic retreatment for apical periodontitis.Patients with apical periodontitis who were referred for endodontic retreatment were examined.The type and quality of the restoration,symptoms,quality of obturation were recorded.During retreatment,an oral rinse sample and root canal sample were cultured using brain-heart infusion agar and bile esculinazide agar to select for E.faecalis.The 16S rRNA technique was used to identify E.faecalis.A total of 32 women and 22 men(mean age:38 years;s.d.:11 years) and 58 teeth were studied.The prevalence of E.faecalis was 19% in the saliva and 38% in the root canals.The odds that root canals harbored E.faecalis were increased if the saliva habored this bacterium(odds ratio59.7;95% confidence interval51.8-51.6;P,0.05).Teeth with unsatisfactory root obturation had more cultivable bacterial species in root canals than teeth with satisfactory root obturation(P,0.05).E.faecalis is more common in root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis than in saliva.The prevalence of E.faecalis in root canals is associated with the presence of E.faecalis in saliva. 展开更多
关键词 apical periodontitis endodontic treatment enterococcus faecalis saliva 16S rRNA
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Effect of Bacillus subtilis,Enterococcus faecium,and Enterococcus faecalis supernatants on serotonin transporter expression in cells and tissues 被引量:2
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作者 Yi-Ming Chen Ying Li +8 位作者 Xin Wang Ze-Lan Wang Jun-Jie Hou Shuai Su Wei-Long Zhong Xin Xu Jie Zhang Bang-Mao Wang Yu-Ming Wang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2022年第5期532-546,共15页
BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the ... BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)are probiotics that are widely used in the clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Whether the supernatants of these three probiotics can improve gastrointestinal sensation and movement by regulating the serotonin transporter(SERT)expression needs to be clarified.AIM To investigate whether B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis supernatants can upregulate SERT expression in vitro and in vivo.METHODS Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were stimulated with probiotic culture supernatants for 12 and 24 h,respectively.A male Sprague-Dawley rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)was established and the rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(group A)and three probiotics culture supernatants(groups B,C,and D)for 4 wk.The levels of SERT were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting.RESULTS The levels of SERT at post-treatment 12 and 24 h were significantly elevated in Caco-2 cells treated with B.subtilis supernatant compared with those in the control group(aP<0.05).Those levels were markedly upregulated in Caco-2 cells stimulated with E.faecium and E.faecalis supernatants at 24 h(aP<0.05).In addition,SERT expression in groups B,C,and D was significantly higher than that in group A in the 2nd wk(aP<0.05).Increased SERT expression was only found in group D in the 3rd wk(aP<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in SERT expression between the groups in the last week(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The supernatants of B.subtilis,E.faecium,and E.faecalis can upregulate SERT expression in intestinal epithelial cells and the intestinal tissues in the rat model of PI-IBS. 展开更多
关键词 Bacillus subtilis supernatant enterococcus faecalis supernatant enterococcus faecium supernatant Serotonin transporter expression Irritable bowel syndrome
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Antimicrobial activity of alexidine alone and associated with N-acetylcysteine against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm 被引量:1
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作者 Luiz Fernando Machado Silveira Pilar Baca +2 位作者 María Teresa Arias-Moliz Alberto Rodríguez-Archilla Carmen María Ferrer-Luque 《International Journal of Oral Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第3期146-149,共4页
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of alexidine(ALX),alone and combined with N-acetylcysteine(NAC),in eradicating two Enterococcus faecalis strain biofilms.The biofilms of E.faecalis ATCC 29212 a... The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of alexidine(ALX),alone and combined with N-acetylcysteine(NAC),in eradicating two Enterococcus faecalis strain biofilms.The biofilms of E.faecalis ATCC 29212 and the clinical isolate E.faecalis D1 were grown in the MBEC-high-throughput device for 24 h and were exposed to five twofold dilutions of ALX(2%–0.007 8%)alone and combined with100 mg?mL21NAC,for 1 and 5 min.Eradication was defined as 100%kill of biofilm bacteria.The Student’s t-test was used to compare the efficacy of the associations of the two irrigants.After 1-min contact time,ALX eradicated the biofilms at all concentrations except for 0.007 8%and 0.015 6%–0.007 8%with E.faecalis ATCC 29212 and E.faecalis D1,respectively.Similar results for eradication and concentration were obtained when it was combined with 100 mg?mL21NAC.After 5 min of contact time,ALX alone and combined with NAC eradicated all enterococci biofilms.ALX showed antimicrobial properties against the two E.faecalis strain biofilms tested at very low concentrations,and its combined use with NAC was not seen to enhance its activity. 展开更多
关键词 alexidine antimicrobial activity BIOFILM enterococcus faecalis N-ACETYLCYSTEINE
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Virulence properties of a peptide hemolysin produced by Enterococcus faecalis
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作者 M.T.Furumura P.M.S.Figueiredo +8 位作者 G.V.Carbonell A.L.Darini Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim Rosimary de Jesus Gomes Turri Francyelle Costa Moraes Cristina de Andrade Monteiro Herminio Benitez Rabello Mendes Valerio Monteiro Neto T.Yano 《Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology》 2012年第7期909-917,共9页
The characterization and prevalence of virulence factors associated with enterococcal invasiveness and severity of disease are important areas to be investigated. Recently, we described the production of a heat-stable... The characterization and prevalence of virulence factors associated with enterococcal invasiveness and severity of disease are important areas to be investigated. Recently, we described the production of a heat-stable hemolysin by clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis cultived in BHI-GA (BHI with glucose and L-arginine). Now, we purified the hemolysin from the culture supernatant by ultra-filtration (PM-10 membrane) and ethanol extraction followed by chromatography in a mBondapak C18 and Superdex Peptide columns. The hemolytic activity was not affected by the proteolytic enzymes. Cholesterol, phospholipids, EDTA and also bivalent ions did not inhibit the hemolytic activity. Among the various carbohydrates, only dextran 4 protected the erythrocytes against lyse. Scanning electron microscopy showed that lyse of erythrocytes occured at once after the exposure to the hemolysin. The mito-chondrial activity and the cell membrane integrity were significantly affected by the hemolysis, within 20 min of exposure and caused apoptosis after 12 h incubation, 51.92% in HeLa and 68% in HEp-2 cells, analyzed by flow cytometry. These results suggest that the heat-stable pore forming hemolysin might be a putative virulence factor in enterococci infections. 展开更多
关键词 enterococcus faecalis CYTOTOXIN Heat-Stable Hemolysin Human Epithelial Cells Apoptosis
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Treatment with Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121 Is Not Effective as Therapy in Mice with an Established Allergy Status
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作者 Ailén M.Díaz Matías A.Molina +4 位作者 Guillermo G.Nunez Ana C.Mourelle Mónica D.Sparo Marcela A.Manghi Marisa S.Castro 《Advances in Microbiology》 2017年第10期696-706,共11页
In allergies, an unbalanced immune response towards a T helper (Th) 2 profile with high levels of Immunoglobulin (Ig) E is produced. We have demonstrated that the pre-administration of Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121 p... In allergies, an unbalanced immune response towards a T helper (Th) 2 profile with high levels of Immunoglobulin (Ig) E is produced. We have demonstrated that the pre-administration of Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121 prevents the development of allergy in ovalbumin-immunized mice. In this work, we evaluated whether this bacterium can also revert an established allergic status. Mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) and after that, were inoculated with an E. faecalis CECT7121 suspension. In immunized animals, serum specific immune response, proliferative activity of memory splenocytes, and levels of Th2 cytokines were assessed. The in vivo active cutaneous anaphylaxis test was also performed. The treatment with E. faecalis CECT7121 only increased anti-OVA IgG2a levels. No differences were observed in other specific immunological parameters. Probiotic-treatment did not prove to have any desensitizing effect on mice. These results, together with those recently published, can be concluded that this bacterium would not be appropriate for the treatment of allergic symptoms. 展开更多
关键词 enterococcus faecalis CECT7121 Ovalbumin-Allergy Murine Model Immunoglobulin E Th2 Cytokines PROBIOTICS
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Combined effects of chitosan and microencapsulated Enterococcus faecalis CG1.0007 probiotic supplementation on performance and diarrhea incidences in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88^+ challenged piglets 被引量:5
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作者 Kolawole Aluko Deepak E.Velayudhan +3 位作者 Ehsan Khafipour Aike Li Yulong Yin Martin Nyachoti 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE 2017年第4期366-371,共6页
The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of chitosan oligosaccharide(COS) and a microencapsulated Enterococcus faecalis CG1.0007 probiotic(PRO) on growth performance and diarrhea incidences in ent... The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of chitosan oligosaccharide(COS) and a microencapsulated Enterococcus faecalis CG1.0007 probiotic(PRO) on growth performance and diarrhea incidences in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC) K88^+ challenged piglets in a 14-d study. Thirty piglets,7.19 ± 0.52 kg initial BW weaned at 21 ± 1 d.were allotted to 5 treatment groups(n = 6)consisting of a corn-soybean meal diet with no additive(negative control, NC), NC + 0.25% chlortetracycline(positive control, PC), NC + 400 mg/kg COS(COS), NC + 100 mg/kg PRO(PRO) and NC + a combination of COS and PRO(CPRO). Pigs were individually housed in cages, acclimated to treatments for a 7-d period and had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study, On d 8, pigs were weighed, blood samples were collected, and then orally challenged with 6 mL(1 ×10^(11) cfu/mL) of freshly grown ETEC inoculum. During post-challenge period, blood was sampled at 24 and 48 h to determine plasma urea nitrogen(PUN), and diarrhea incidences and fecal consistency scores were recorded from d 9 to 12. On d 14, all pigs were weighed and then euthanized to obtain intestinal tissue samples for histomorphometric measurements. Growth performance responses were similar among treatments during the pre-and post-challenge periods. There were no significant differences in PUN content, incidences of diarrhea, and fecal consistency scores among treatments. The intestinal histomorphology results did not differ significantly among treatments except for PC with increased(P = 0.0001) villus:crypt ratio compared with the NC. Under the conditions of the present study, it can be concluded that supplementation of piglet diets with 400 mg/kg COS, 100 mg/kg microencapsulated PRO or their combination did not significantly improve piglet growth performance both during the pre-and post-ETEC K88+ oral inoculation. Also, there were no significant reduction of incidences and severity of diarrhea after challenge compared with the control group. 展开更多
关键词 Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88^+ Chitosan oligosaccharide enterococcus faecalis CG1 0007 probiotic Growth performance Diarrhea incidences PIGLETS
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Antibacterial activity of selected marine macro algae against vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis
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作者 Manivachagam Chandrasekaran Venugopalan Venkatesalu Gnanaprakasam Adaikala Raj 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2014年第12期940-946,共7页
Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial activity of different extracts of Caulerpa chemnitzia(Epser)J.V.Lamououx,Caulerpa racemosa(Frosk.)Weber-van-Bosse(C.racemosa),Caulerpa scalpelliformis(R.Br.)Weber-van-Bosse,Ulva... Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial activity of different extracts of Caulerpa chemnitzia(Epser)J.V.Lamououx,Caulerpa racemosa(Frosk.)Weber-van-Bosse(C.racemosa),Caulerpa scalpelliformis(R.Br.)Weber-van-Bosse,Ulva lactuca Lin,Ulva fasciata Dellie,Ulva reticulata Forsk,Stoechospermum marginatum(Ag.)Kutz(S.marginatum),Sargassum wightii Grev,Gracilaria verrucosa(Huds.)Papenfuss and Gracilaria edulis(S.G.Gemelin)P.C.Silva against Enterococcus faecalis(MTCC 439)(E.faecalis)and one clinical isolate of vancomycin resistant E.faecalis.Methods:The selected marine macro algae were extracted with different solvents viz.,hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone and methanol.Antibacterial assay was carried out by using disc diffusion method,determination of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration.Results:The maximum antibacterial activity was recorded in the ethyl acetate extracts of S.marginatum and C.racemosa than the other extracts.The mean zone of inhibition produced by the extracts in agar diffusion assays against the tested bacterial strains ranged from 7.1 to 14.5 mm.The minimum inhibitory concentration was between 250 and 500μg/mL,while the minimum bactericidal concentration was from 500 to 1000μg/mL.The ethyl acetate extracts of the seaweeds showed the presence of strong terpenoids,tannins and phenolic compounds compared with the other solvent extracts.Conclusions:These findings suggest that ethyl acetate extracts of S.marginatum and C.racemosa can be used as an antibacterial substance for the treatment of infection caused by E.faecalis. 展开更多
关键词 Marine macro algae Antibacterial activity Vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecalis strains
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Bloodstream Infections Caused by Enterococcus spp:A 10-year Retrospective Analysis at a Tertiary Hospital in China 被引量:4
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作者 郑金鑫 李晖 +5 位作者 蒲彰雅 王红燕 邓向斌 刘晓军 邓启文 余治健 《Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2017年第2期257-263,共7页
In order to discover the risk factors for 30-day mortality in bloodstream infections(BSI) caused by Enterococcus spp.strains,we explored the clinical and therapeutic profile of patients with Enterococcus spp.BSI and... In order to discover the risk factors for 30-day mortality in bloodstream infections(BSI) caused by Enterococcus spp.strains,we explored the clinical and therapeutic profile of patients with Enterococcus spp.BSI and the characteristics of this condition.A total of 64 patients with BSI caused by Enterococcus spp.who were treated in our hospital between 2006 and 2015 were included in the study.The clinical features of patients,microbiology,and 30-day mortality were collected from the electronic medical records database and analyzed.The results showed that there were 38 patients infected by Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis),24 by Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium),1 by Enterococcus casseliflavus(E.casseliflavus),and 1 by Enterococcus gallinarum(E.gallinarum).A Charlson comorbidity score ≥5,corticosteroid treatment,placement of catheters or other prosthetic devices and history of antibiotic use were found more frequently in E.faecium BSI patients than in E.faecalis patients(P=0.017,P=0.027,P=0.008 and P=0.027,respectively).Furthermore,the univariate and multivariate analysis showed that corticosteroid treatment(OR=17.385,P=0.008),hospital acquisition(OR=16.328,P=0.038),and vascular catheter infection(OR=14.788,P=0.025) were all independently associated with 30-day mortality.Our results indicate that E.faecalis and E.faecium are two different pathogens with unique microbiologic characteristics,which cause different clinical features in BSI,and the empiric antimicrobial treatments are paramount for patients with enterococcal BSI. 展开更多
关键词 enterococcus faecalis enterococcus faecium bloodstream infections mortality risk factors
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枯草芽孢杆菌和粪肠球菌对鲫生长性能的影响 被引量:2
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作者 张志新 曾德乾 +1 位作者 李沐 覃希 《黑龙江水产》 2023年第6期448-451,共4页
为了研究复合益生菌(ComplexBeneficial Microorganisms,CBM)对水产养殖动物生长性能的影响,以鲫(Carassius auratus)为研究对象,探讨枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)对其生长的影响。试验选择体质量... 为了研究复合益生菌(ComplexBeneficial Microorganisms,CBM)对水产养殖动物生长性能的影响,以鲫(Carassius auratus)为研究对象,探讨枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)对其生长的影响。试验选择体质量为(98.5±1.5)g的鲫600尾,随机分为4组,即对照组、处理A组、处理B组和处理C组。对照组鲫投喂基础饲料,处理A组投喂添加有枯草芽孢杆菌和粪肠球菌的基础饲料,处理B组投喂添加有枯草芽孢杆菌的基础饲料,处理C组投喂添加有粪肠球菌的基础饲料。每组分3个平行,每个平行小组50尾。整个饲养时间为期50d。试验过程记录鲫的始末体重、采食量及成活情况。结果发现,处理A组的末期均重、增重率、成活率和特定生长率均极显著地高于对照组(P<0.01),饵料系数极显著地低于对照组和另外两个试验组(P<0.01)。3个试验组中处理A组的末期均重、增重率和成活率均显著的高于处理B组和C组(P<0.05),且处理A组的特定生长率极显著的高于处理B组和C组(P<0.01)。试验证明投喂添加有枯草芽孢杆菌和粪肠球菌基础饲料鲫的生长性能最优,且饲料利用率最高。 展开更多
关键词 复合益生菌(ComplexBeneficial Microorganisms CBM) 枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis) 粪肠球菌(enterococcus faecalis) 鲫(Carassius auratus) 生长性能
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Effect of addition of chitosan to self-etching primer:antibacterial activity and push-out bond strength to radicular dentin
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作者 Shaymaa Elsaka Amr Elnaghy 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS 2012年第4期288-294,共7页
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a modified self-etching primer incorporating chitosan and whether this modification affected the bond strength to radicular dentin.A modified sel... The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a modified self-etching primer incorporating chitosan and whether this modification affected the bond strength to radicular dentin.A modified self-etching primer was prepared by adding chitosan solutions at 0.03%,0.06%,0.12% and 0.25%(W/W) to RealSeal selfetching primer.RealSeal primer without chitosan was used as the control.The antibacterial activity of the modified self-etching primer was evaluated using the direct contact test against Enterococcus faecalis.The bonding ability of the RealSeal system to radicular dentin was evaluated using the push-out bond strength test.The modes of failure were examined under a stereomicroscope.Data were analyzed using analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Tukey’s test,with a P-value 〈 0.05 indicating statistical significance.The results showed that the antibacterial properties of the freshly prepared and aged modified self-etching primer incorporating chitosan exhibited potent antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis compared with the unmodified primer.The RealSeal system with the aged modified self-etching primer incorporating chitosan showed no significant differences in the bond strength as compared with the control(P = 0.99).The findings suggest that modified self-etching primer incorporating chitosan is a promising antibacterial primer which does not adversely affect the bond strength of the RealSeal system to radicular dentin. 展开更多
关键词 enterococcus faecalis antibacterial activity CHITOSAN push-out PRIMER radicular dentin
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The relationship between sexually transmitted microorganisms and seminal quality in asymptomatic men
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作者 Valentina Velasquez Rivera Walter D.Cardona Maya Jenniffer Puerta-Suarez 《Asian Journal of Urology》 CSCD 2022年第4期473-479,共7页
Objective:To detect DNA of different microorganisms,in semen samples from apparently healthy men and correlate their presence with seminal quality.Methods:Semensamples from 81 healthy volunteers were collected,and sem... Objective:To detect DNA of different microorganisms,in semen samples from apparently healthy men and correlate their presence with seminal quality.Methods:Semensamples from 81 healthy volunteers were collected,and semen parameters were analyzed.DNA extraction was performed using the phenol-chloroform technique,and the micro-organisms were detected by the amplification of specific primers using polymerase chain reaction.Results:DNA from at least one of the microorganisms was detected in 78 samples.The most frequent microorganism found in semen were:Lactobacillus spp.(70%),Neisseria gonorrhoeae(N.gonorrhoeae)(36%),Streptococcus epidermidis(64%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(56%),Staphylococcus aureus(32%),Chlamydia trachomatis(C.trachomatis)(28%),Pseudomonas aeru-ginosa(27%).The seminal parameters of all semen samples were over the lower reference values fornormal semenanalysis.To compare with negative samples,seminal volume was higher for the Escherichia coli positive samples and lower for Pseudomonas aeruginosa positive samples.Semen samples positive for Staphylococcus aureus had worse sperm morphology.The frequency of progressive motility was higher in positive samples for N.gonorrhoeae and C.trachomatis.Positive semen samples for C.trachomatis had a higher concentration per milliliter.Conclusion:It is common to find microorganisms in semen of asymptomatic men,including those responsible for sexually transmitted infections.Antimicrobial treatment is recommended only in those individuals with a sexually transmitted infection(C.trachomatis and N.gonorrhoeae)and always promote condom use. 展开更多
关键词 Chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoeae enterococcus faecalis Streptococcus agalactiae Staphylococcus spp. Seminal quality
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Gut perforation after orthotopic liver transplantation in adults
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作者 Jun Xiong Shen You Xiao-Shun He 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第14期2125-2128,共4页
AIM: To describe cases of gut perforation after orthotopic liver transplantation.METHODS: Data were colleted from our center database and medical records. Six of 187 patients (3.2%)who underwent orthotopic liver t... AIM: To describe cases of gut perforation after orthotopic liver transplantation.METHODS: Data were colleted from our center database and medical records. Six of 187 patients (3.2%)who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation from January to December 2005 developed gut perforation.All patients were male with an average age of 46 years.Modified piggyback liver transplantation was performed at the Organ Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University.RESULTS: Previous operation, steroid therapy, and prolonged portal venous cross clamp time, poor nutritional status and iatrogenic injury were found to be its ecological factors. The patients with gut perforation were found to have fever, increased leukocytes, mild abdominal pain and tenderness. The median portal venous clamp time was 63 min (range 45-72 min),median cold ischaemia time was 11.3 h (range 7-15 h).Median intraoperative blood loss was 500 mL (range 100-1200 mL) and median operation time was 8.8 h (range 6-12 h). None of the six patients developed acute cellular rejection. White cell count was above 18 × 10^9/L in five patients (neutrophilic leukocytes were above 90%) and 1.5 × 10^9/L in one patient. Bacterial culture in drainage liquid revealed enterococci in five patients. Of the 6 patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, 3 survived and 3 died after modified piggyback liver transplantation.CONCLUSION: Gut perforation occurs after orthotopic liver transplantation in adults. A careful and minimal dissection during OLT, longer retention of the stomach tube, and reducing the portal clamp time and steroid dose should be taken into consideration. If gut perforation is not prevented, then early diagnosis,preferably through detection of enterococci may ensure better survival. 展开更多
关键词 Orthotopic liver transplantation Gut perforation enterococcus faecalis
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Antibacterial Effects of Water Extracts of Various Broadleaf Wild Leeks (Allium ampeloprasum)
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作者 Armin Tavakkoli Barat Oboud Alireza Tavakkoli 《Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology》 2015年第9期438-442,共5页
There are numerous reports regarding the antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts on bacteria and fungi. We have prepared water extracts of Wild Leek (A. ampeloprasum var. porrum), Kurrat (A. ampeloprasum var. kur... There are numerous reports regarding the antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts on bacteria and fungi. We have prepared water extracts of Wild Leek (A. ampeloprasum var. porrum), Kurrat (A. ampeloprasum var. kurrat) and Elephant Garlic (A. ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum) by rotary vacuum distillation. As a result, the extraction was carried out in 40 ℃ thus omitting any risk of loss of anti-bacterial activity due to high temperatures reported in prior similar studies [ 1]. The five bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus were tested against the extracts. While some extent of inhibition was observed when the bacteria were cultured in presence of the leek and kurrat extracts, elephant garlic was determined to possess an extreme inhibitory quality against all the aforementioned bacteria, completely inhibiting the growth of the bacteria after 24 hrs of culture in exposure to the extract. We propose that elephant garlic extract could be an effective alternative to chemical antibiotic treatments and disinfectants in hospital and other settings in which infections are common. 展开更多
关键词 Elephant garlic kurrat LEEK Bacillus subtilis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus enterococcus faecalis water extracts inhibition.
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Antibacterial Activity of Moringa ovalifolia and Moringa oleifera Methanol, N-Hexane and Water Seeds and Bark Extracts against Pathogens That Are Implicated in Water Borne Diseases
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作者 Dorothea H. P. Shailemo Habauka M. Kwaambwa +1 位作者 Martha Kandawa-Schulz Titus A. M. Msagati 《Green and Sustainable Chemistry》 2016年第2期71-77,共7页
Antibacterial activity of methanol, n-hexane and water extracts of seeds and bark of Moringa oleifera and Moringa ovalifolia was conducted. The causative agents of common bacterial infections that are thought to cause... Antibacterial activity of methanol, n-hexane and water extracts of seeds and bark of Moringa oleifera and Moringa ovalifolia was conducted. The causative agents of common bacterial infections that are thought to cause water-borne diseases, namely, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus cereus were chosen for the study. The paper-disc diffusion method was used with treatments arranged in a completely randomized design and replicated four times. The M. oleifera extracts showed more inhibitory effect than those of M. ovolifolia. The conventional antibiotic Ampicilin generally showed higher inhibitory effect than the extracts of both M. oleifera and M. ovalifolia. The inhibitory effect varied depending on the solvent used. The n-hexane extracts of both seeds and bark of M. ovalifolia and M. oleifera had almost the same inhibition activities (6 ± 1 mm mean inhibition zones) on B. cereus, E. coli and E. faecalis. The n-hexane extract generally gave lower antibacterial activities than those of the other solvents for seeds and back. The results of the study showed that M. oleifera and M. ovalifolia had a degree of antibacterial properties against the selected test organisms that cause water borne diseases. 展开更多
关键词 Antibacterial Activity Escherichia coli N-HEXANE Inhibition METHANOL Moringa oleifera Moringa ovalifolia Bacillus cereus enterococcus faecalis
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