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Single Photon Detection Technology in Underwater Wireless Optical Communication:Modulation Modes and Error Correction Coding Analysis
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作者 GAI Lei LI Wendong WANG Guoyu 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 CAS CSCD 2024年第2期405-414,共10页
This study explores the application of single photon detection(SPD)technology in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)and analyzes the influence of different modulation modes and error correction coding type... This study explores the application of single photon detection(SPD)technology in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)and analyzes the influence of different modulation modes and error correction coding types on communication performance.The study investigates the impact of on-off keying(OOK)and 2-pulse-position modulation(2-PPM)on the bit error rate(BER)in single-channel intensity and polarization multiplexing.Furthermore,it compares the error correction performance of low-density parity check(LDPC)and Reed-Solomon(RS)codes across different error correction coding types.The effects of unscattered photon ratio and depolarization ratio on BER are also verified.Finally,a UWOC system based on SPD is constructed,achieving 14.58 Mbps with polarization OOK multiplexing modulation and 4.37 Mbps with polarization 2-PPM multiplexing modulation using LDPC code error correction. 展开更多
关键词 error correction coding modulation mode single photon detection underwater communication wireless optical communication
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Approximate error correction scheme for three-dimensional surface codes based reinforcement learning
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作者 曲英杰 陈钊 +1 位作者 王伟杰 马鸿洋 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第10期229-240,共12页
Quantum error correction technology is an important method to eliminate errors during the operation of quantum computers.In order to solve the problem of influence of errors on physical qubits,we propose an approximat... Quantum error correction technology is an important method to eliminate errors during the operation of quantum computers.In order to solve the problem of influence of errors on physical qubits,we propose an approximate error correction scheme that performs dimension mapping operations on surface codes.This error correction scheme utilizes the topological properties of error correction codes to map the surface code dimension to three dimensions.Compared to previous error correction schemes,the present three-dimensional surface code exhibits good scalability due to its higher redundancy and more efficient error correction capabilities.By reducing the number of ancilla qubits required for error correction,this approach achieves savings in measurement space and reduces resource consumption costs.In order to improve the decoding efficiency and solve the problem of the correlation between the surface code stabilizer and the 3D space after dimension mapping,we employ a reinforcement learning(RL)decoder based on deep Q-learning,which enables faster identification of the optimal syndrome and achieves better thresholds through conditional optimization.Compared to the minimum weight perfect matching decoding,the threshold of the RL trained model reaches 0.78%,which is 56%higher and enables large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. 展开更多
关键词 fault-tolerant quantum computing surface code approximate error correction reinforcement learning
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Feedback control and quantum error correction assisted quantum multi-parameter estimation
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作者 洪海源 鲁秀娟 匡森 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期260-267,共8页
Quantum metrology provides a fundamental limit on the precision of multi-parameter estimation,called the Heisenberg limit,which has been achieved in noiseless quantum systems.However,for systems subject to noises,it i... Quantum metrology provides a fundamental limit on the precision of multi-parameter estimation,called the Heisenberg limit,which has been achieved in noiseless quantum systems.However,for systems subject to noises,it is hard to achieve this limit since noises are inclined to destroy quantum coherence and entanglement.In this paper,a combined control scheme with feedback and quantum error correction(QEC)is proposed to achieve the Heisenberg limit in the presence of spontaneous emission,where the feedback control is used to protect a stabilizer code space containing an optimal probe state and an additional control is applied to eliminate the measurement incompatibility among three parameters.Although an ancilla system is necessary for the preparation of the optimal probe state,our scheme does not require the ancilla system to be noiseless.In addition,the control scheme in this paper has a low-dimensional code space.For the three components of a magnetic field,it can achieve the highest estimation precision with only a 2-dimensional code space,while at least a4-dimensional code space is required in the common optimal error correction protocols. 展开更多
关键词 quantum multi-parameter estimation feedback control quantum error correction Heisenberg limit
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ADS-B Reception Error Correction Based on the LSTM Neural-Network Model
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作者 Jamal Habibi Markani Syed Ibtehaj Raza Rizvi +2 位作者 Abdessamad Amrhar Jean-Marc Gagné René Jr. Landry 《Communications and Network》 2023年第2期25-42,共18页
Standard automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) reception algorithms offer considerable performance at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). However, the performance of ADS-B algorithms in applications can b... Standard automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) reception algorithms offer considerable performance at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). However, the performance of ADS-B algorithms in applications can be problematic at low SNRs and in high interference situations, as detecting and decoding techniques may not perform correctly in such circumstances. In addition, conventional error correction algorithms have limitations in their ability to correct errors in ADS-B messages, as the bit and confidence values may be declared inaccurately in the event of low SNRs and high interference. The principal goal of this paper is to deploy a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network model for error correction in conjunction with a conventional algorithm. The data of various flights are collected and cleaned in an initial stage. The clean data is divided randomly into training and test sets. Next, the LSTM model is trained based on the training dataset, and then the model is evaluated based on the test dataset. The proposed model not only improves the ADS-B In packet error correction rate (PECR), but it also enhances the ADS-B In terms of sensitivity. The performance evaluation results reveal that the proposed scheme is achievable and efficient for the avionics industry. It is worth noting that the proposed algorithm is not dependent on conventional algorithms’ prerequisites. 展开更多
关键词 ADS-B Long Short-Term Memory Packet error correction Rate error correction Bit error Rate
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Author Correction:Recent Progress in Interfacial Dipole Engineering for Perovskite Solar Cells
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作者 Yinyi Ma Jue Gong +1 位作者 Peng Zeng Mingzhen Liu 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期500-500,共1页
In the version of this Article originally published online,there was an error in the schematics of Figures 2b and 2c.These errors have now been corrected in the original article.
关键词 corrected error Solar
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An Empirical Study of Chinese English Learners' Attitudes toward Errors and Error Correction in Question-asking
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作者 何周春 龚彦知 《海外英语》 2013年第24期310-312,共3页
Based on the questionnaire, this study found that :1) Elementary learners were inclined to commit more global errors compared to their local errors, whilst advanced learners make more local errors; 2) Interlingual fac... Based on the questionnaire, this study found that :1) Elementary learners were inclined to commit more global errors compared to their local errors, whilst advanced learners make more local errors; 2) Interlingual factors were more influential than intralingual factors in elementary learners' error making, but for advanced learners, intralingual factors played relatively a much more important role in error making; 3) Elementary learners preferred explicit correction whilst advanced learners favoured im?plicit correction in question-asking. 展开更多
关键词 errorS error correction learning STAGES language p
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Toward Constructing a Continuous Logical Operator for Error-Corrected Quantum Sensing
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作者 Cameron Cianci 《Journal of Quantum Information Science》 2023年第2期45-55,共11页
Error correction has long been suggested to extend the sensitivity of quantum sensors into the Heisenberg Limit. However, operations on logical qubits are only performed through universal gate sets consisting of finit... Error correction has long been suggested to extend the sensitivity of quantum sensors into the Heisenberg Limit. However, operations on logical qubits are only performed through universal gate sets consisting of finite-sized gates such as Clifford + T. Although these logical gate sets allow for universal quantum computation, the finite gate sizes present a problem for quantum sensing, since in sensing protocols, such as the Ramsey measurement protocol, the signal must act continuously. The difficulty in constructing a continuous logical op-erator comes from the Eastin-Knill theorem, which prevents a continuous sig-nal from being both fault-tolerant to local errors and transverse. Since error correction is needed to approach the Heisenberg Limit in a noisy environment, it is important to explore how to construct fault-tolerant continuous operators. In this paper, a protocol to design continuous logical z-rotations is proposed and applied to the Steane Code. The fault tolerance of the designed operator is investigated using the Knill-Laflamme conditions. The Knill-Laflamme condi-tions indicate that the diagonal unitary operator constructed cannot be fault tolerant solely due to the possibilities of X errors on the middle qubit. The ap-proach demonstrated throughout this paper may, however, find success in codes with more qubits such as the Shor code, distance 3 surface code, [15, 1, 3] code, or codes with a larger distance such as the [11, 1, 5] code. 展开更多
关键词 Quantum Sensing Quantum error correction Steane Code Heisenberg Limit
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Performance analysis and design of MIMO-OFDM system using concatenated forward error correction codes 被引量:3
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作者 Arun Agarwal Saurabh N.Mehta 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第6期1322-1343,共22页
This work investigates the performance of various forward error correction codes, by which the MIMO-OFDM system is deployed. To ensure fair investigation, the performance of four modulations, namely, binary phase shif... This work investigates the performance of various forward error correction codes, by which the MIMO-OFDM system is deployed. To ensure fair investigation, the performance of four modulations, namely, binary phase shift keying(BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying(QPSK), quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM)-16 and QAM-64 with four error correction codes(convolutional code(CC), Reed-Solomon code(RSC)+CC, low density parity check(LDPC)+CC, Turbo+CC) is studied under three channel models(additive white Guassian noise(AWGN), Rayleigh, Rician) and three different antenna configurations(2×2, 2×4, 4×4). The bit error rate(BER) and the peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR) are taken as the measures of performance. The binary data and the color image data are transmitted and the graphs are plotted for various modulations with different channels and error correction codes. Analysis on the performance measures confirm that the Turbo + CC code in 4×4 configurations exhibits better performance. 展开更多
关键词 bit error rate (BER) convolutional CODE (CC) forward error correction peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) Turbo CODE
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Application of the Analogue-Based Correction of Errors Method in ENSO Prediction 被引量:9
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作者 REN Hong-Li LIU Ying +2 位作者 JIN Fei-Fei YAN Yu-Ping LIU Xiang-Wen 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 CSCD 2014年第2期157-161,共5页
In this study, a method of analogue-based correction of errors(ACE) was introduced to improve El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) prediction produced by climate models. The ACE method is based on the hypothesis that th... In this study, a method of analogue-based correction of errors(ACE) was introduced to improve El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) prediction produced by climate models. The ACE method is based on the hypothesis that the flow-dependent model prediction errors are to some degree similar under analogous historical climate states, and so the historical errors can be used to effectively reduce such flow-dependent errors. With this method, the unknown errors in current ENSO predictions can be empirically estimated by using the known prediction errors which are diagnosed by the same model based on historical analogue states. The authors first propose the basic idea for applying the ACE method to ENSO prediction and then establish an analogue-dynamical ENSO prediction system based on an operational climate prediction model. The authors present some experimental results which clearly show the possibility of correcting the flow-dependent errors in ENSO prediction, and thus the potential of applying the ACE method to operational ENSO prediction based on climate models. 展开更多
关键词 ENSO climatic prediction error correction
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Near field 3-D imaging approach for joint high-resolution imaging and phase error correction 被引量:2
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作者 Yang Fang Baoping Wang +2 位作者 Chao Sun Zuxun Song Shuzhen Wang 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2017年第2期199-211,共13页
This paper combines compressed sensing (CS) imaging theory and range migration algorithm (RMA), and then proposes a near-field three-dimensional (3-D) imaging approach for joint high-resolution imaging and phase error... This paper combines compressed sensing (CS) imaging theory and range migration algorithm (RMA), and then proposes a near-field three-dimensional (3-D) imaging approach for joint high-resolution imaging and phase error correction. Firstly, a sparse measurement matrix construction method based on a logistic sequence is proposed, which conducts nonlinear transformation for the determined logistic sequence, making it obey uniform distribution, then conducts sign function mapping, and generates the pseudorandom sequence with Bernoulli distribution, thus leading to good signal recovery under down-sampling and easy availability for engineering realization. Secondly, in combination with the RMA imaging approach, the dictionary with all scene information and phase error correction is constructed for CS signal recovery and error correction. Finally, the non-quadratic solution model jointing imaging and phase error correction based on regularization is built, and it is solved by two steps - the separable surrogate functionals (SSF) iterative shrinkage algorithm is adopted to realize target scattering estimate; the iteration mode is adopted for the correction of the dictionary model, so as to achieve the goal of error correction and highly-focused imaging. The proposed approach proves to be effective through numerical simulation and real measurement in anechoic chamber. The results show that, the proposed approach can realize high-resolution imaging in the case of less data; the designed measurement matrix has better non-coherence and easy availability for engineering realization. The proposed approach can effectively correct the phase error, and achieve highly-focused target image. © 2017 Beijing Institute of Aerospace Information. 展开更多
关键词 Compressed sensing error correction Image reconstruction Iterative methods Linear transformations Mathematical transformations Signal reconstruction Signal sampling
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CHANNEL ERROR CORRECTION FOR WIDEBAND SAR-A JOINT MULTIPLE SUBPULSES PROCESSING METHOD 被引量:3
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作者 Chen Shuxuan Jiang Limin Xiang Maosheng 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2011年第1期134-140,共7页
A novel method,referred to as joint multiple subpulses processing,is developed to calibrate the nonideal transfer function of radio frequency front-end and I/Q imbalance in quadrature modulate/demodulate systems simul... A novel method,referred to as joint multiple subpulses processing,is developed to calibrate the nonideal transfer function of radio frequency front-end and I/Q imbalance in quadrature modulate/demodulate systems simultaneously,which frequently occur in wideband Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) systems.Based on the time-frequency relation of the chirp signal and the analyses of the channel errors in wideband SAR,joint multiple subpulses processing method is adopted to separate the image frequency component due to the I/Q channel error.Then,the complete description of the channel error is acquired for building the correction function,which is used to correct the radar raw echo in frequency domain.The validity and capability of this method are demonstrated by the experiments of the channel error correction on the high resolution SAR system with the effective bandwidth of 500 MHz. 展开更多
关键词 Wideband Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) Channel error Joint multiple subpulses processing Weighted least squares correction function
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3D Trajectory Planning of Positioning Error Correction Based on PSO-A* Algorithm 被引量:2
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作者 Huaixi Xing Yu Zhao +1 位作者 Yuhui Zhang You Chen 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2020年第12期2295-2308,共14页
Aiming at the yaw problem caused by inertial navigation system errors accumulation during the navigation of an intelligent aircraft,a three-dimensional trajectory planning method based on the particle swarm optimizati... Aiming at the yaw problem caused by inertial navigation system errors accumulation during the navigation of an intelligent aircraft,a three-dimensional trajectory planning method based on the particle swarm optimization-A star(PSO-A*)algorithm is designed.Firstly,an environment model for aircraft error correction is established,and the trajectory is discretized to calculate the positioning error.Next,the positioning error is corrected at many preset trajectory points.The shortest trajectory and the fewest correction times are regarded as optimization goals to improve the heuristic function of A star(A*)algorithm.Finally,the index weights are continuously optimized by the particle swarm optimization algorithm.The optimal trajectory is found by the A*algorithm under the current evaluation index,so the ideal trajectory is planned.The experimental results show that the PSO-A*algorithm can quickly search for ideal trajectories in different environment models,indicating that the algorithm has certain feasibility and adaptability,and verifies the rationality of the proposed trajectory planning model.The PSO-A*algorithm has better convergence accuracy than the A*algorithm,and the search efficiency is significantly better than the grid search A star(GS-A*)algorithm.The PSO-A*algorithm proposed in this paper has certain engineering application value.The researchers will study the real-time and systematic nature of the algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 Trajectory planning PSO-A* error correction intelligent aircraft
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Planning of circlelocus for multi-path/multi-layer welding robot with automatical error-correction 被引量:1
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作者 富历新 樊滨温 董春 《China Welding》 EI CAS 2000年第1期61-66,共6页
In this paper, a planning algorithm for multi path/multi layer circular locus is poposed. The algorithm is applied to weld the nipples on the header of boiler. Multi path/multi layer circular locus is planned acco... In this paper, a planning algorithm for multi path/multi layer circular locus is poposed. The algorithm is applied to weld the nipples on the header of boiler. Multi path/multi layer circular locus is planned according to three teaching points, which is lapped head on end to satisfy the requirement of technology. For the nipples wherever they are arranged radially or axially, even if there are errors caused by positioning and thermal deformations, providing that nipple's position and orientation relative to the teaching one can be measured, the multi path/multi layer circular locus can be planned without teaching any more. The algorithm has been applied in welding robot for manufacturing power station' boiler. 展开更多
关键词 error correction robot welding path planning head of boiler
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Parameter-independent error correction for potential measurements by reference electrode in lithium-ion batteries 被引量:1
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作者 Yalun Li Xinlei Gao +4 位作者 Xuning Feng Xuebing Han Jiuyu Du Languang Lu Minggao Ouyang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第4期34-45,共12页
The safety monitoring of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is of great significance for realizing all-climate and full-lifespan battery management. In-situ measurement of anode potential with implanted reference electrodes(... The safety monitoring of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is of great significance for realizing all-climate and full-lifespan battery management. In-situ measurement of anode potential with implanted reference electrodes(REs) has proven to be effective to monitor and avoid the occurrence of severe side reactions like Li plating to ensure the safe and fast charging. However, the intrinsic measurement errors caused by local blocking effects, which also can be referred to as potential artefacts, are seldom taken into consideration in existing studies, yet they highly dominate the correctness of conclusions inferred from REs. In this study, aiming at exploring the physical origin of the measurement errors and ensure reliable potential monitoring, electrochemical and post-mortem tests are conducted using commercial pouch cells with implanted REs. Corresponding electrochemical model which describes the blocking effects, is established to validate the abnormal absence of lithium plating that predicted by measured anode potentials under various charging rates. Theoretical derivation is further presented to explain the error sources, which can be attributed to increased local liquid potential of the RE position. Most importantly, with the guidance of error analysis, a novel parameter-independent error correction method for RE measurements is proposed for the first time, which is proven to be adequate to estimate the real anode potentials and deduce the critical C-rate of Li plating with extra safety margin. After error correction, the resulting critical C-rates are all within the range of 0.55 ± 0.03 C, which is close to the C-rate of 0.6–0.7 C obtained from experiments. In addition, this error correction method can be performed conveniently with only some simple RE measurements of polarization voltages, totally independent of battery electrochemical and geometric parameters. This study provides highly practical error correction method for RE measurements in real LIBs, substantially facilitating the fast diagnosis and safety evaluation of Li plating during charging of LIBs. 展开更多
关键词 Reference electrode Lithium-ion battery Potential artefacts Measurement error correction
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Practice and Effect of Appropriate Error-correction in English Teaching 被引量:2
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作者 任静明 胡蓉 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2002年第2期140-142,共3页
This paper points out that with interference from their native language and culture, Chinese students will inevitably make some errors in the process of learning English. It is important for teachers to know when and ... This paper points out that with interference from their native language and culture, Chinese students will inevitably make some errors in the process of learning English. It is important for teachers to know when and how to correct the students’ errors. By employing error-correction skillfully and appropriately, one can expect to improve the present English teaching and learning, to develop the self-confidence and self-esteem in students themselves. 展开更多
关键词 error-correction practice EFFECT
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Error Correction Circuit for Single-Event Hardening of Delay Locked Loops 被引量:1
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作者 S. Balaji S. Ramasamy 《Circuits and Systems》 2016年第9期2437-2442,共6页
In scaled CMOS processes, the single-event effects generate missing output pulses in Delay-Locked Loop (DLL). Due to its effective sequence detection of the missing pulses in the proposed Error Correction Circuit (ECC... In scaled CMOS processes, the single-event effects generate missing output pulses in Delay-Locked Loop (DLL). Due to its effective sequence detection of the missing pulses in the proposed Error Correction Circuit (ECC) and its portability to be applied to any DLL type, the ECC mitigates the impact of single-event effects and completes its operation with less design complexity without any concern about losing the information. The ECC has been implemented in 180 nm CMOS process and measured the accuracy of mitigation on simulations at LETs up to 100 MeV-cm<sup>2</sup>/mg. The robustness and portability of the mitigation technique are validated through the results obtained by implementing proposed ECC in XilinxArtix 7 FPGA. 展开更多
关键词 Delay-Locked Loop Single Event Transients error correction Circuit
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A Conceptual Design Study for the Error Field Correction Coil Power Supply in JT-60SA
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作者 M.MATSUKAWA K.SHIMADA +3 位作者 K.YAMAUCHI E.GAIO A.FERRO L.NOVELLO 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第3期257-260,共4页
This paper describes a conceptual design study for the circuit configuration of the Error Field Correction Coil (EFCC) power supply (PS) to maximize the expected performance with reasonable cost in JT-60SA. The EF... This paper describes a conceptual design study for the circuit configuration of the Error Field Correction Coil (EFCC) power supply (PS) to maximize the expected performance with reasonable cost in JT-60SA. The EFCC consists of eighteen sector coils installed inside the vacuum vessel, six in the toroidal direction and three in the poloidal direction, each one rated for 30 kA-turn. As a result, star point connection is proposed for each group of six EFCC coils installed cyclically in the toroidal direction for decoupling with poloidal field coils. In addition~ a six phase inverter which is capable of controlling each phase current was chosen as PS topology to ensure higher flexibility of operation with reasonable cost. 展开更多
关键词 JT-60SA error field correction coil power supply inverter MULTI-PHASE
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A Method on Non-Linear Correction of Broadband LFMCW Signal Utilizing Its Relative Sweep Non-Linear Error
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作者 Chen Zhuming Ding Yiyuan & Xiang Jingcheng Dept. of Electronic Engineering, UEST, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2001年第1期70-74,共5页
This paper presents a method on non-linear correction of broadband LFMCW signal utilizing its relative nonlinear error. The deriving procedure and the results simulated by a computer and tested by a practical system a... This paper presents a method on non-linear correction of broadband LFMCW signal utilizing its relative nonlinear error. The deriving procedure and the results simulated by a computer and tested by a practical system are also introduced. The method has two obvious advantages compared with the previous methods: (1) Correction has no relation with delay time td and sweep bandwidth B; (2) The inherent non-linear error of VCO has no influence on the correction and its last results. 展开更多
关键词 Computer simulation Control nonlinearities error correction Frequency modulation Signal processing Variable frequency oscillators
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Studies on absorption coefficients of dual-energy γ-rays and measur-ing error correction for multiphase fraction determination 被引量:1
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作者 LI Zhi-Biao WU Ying-Xiang LI Dong-Hui 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第2期86-91,共6页
In this article, principle and mathematical method of determining the phase fractions of multiphase flows by using a dual-energy γ -ray system have been described. The dual-energy γ -ray device is composed of radioa... In this article, principle and mathematical method of determining the phase fractions of multiphase flows by using a dual-energy γ -ray system have been described. The dual-energy γ -ray device is composed of radioactive isotopes of 241Am and 137Cs with γ -ray energies of 59.5 and 662 keV, respectively. A rational method to calibrate the absorption coefficient was introduced in detail. The modified arithmetic is beneficial to removing the extra Compton scattering from the measured value. The result shows that the dual-energy γ -ray technique can be used in three-phase flow with average accuracy greater than 95%, which enables us to determine phase fractions almost independent of the flow regime. Improvement has been achieved on measurement accuracy of phase fractions. 展开更多
关键词 吸收系数 相位分形 双重能量 多相流 错误校正
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Local Influence on the Error-Correction Variable in a Cointegrated System
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作者 Zhang, X. Yang, B. +1 位作者 Zhang, T. Zhang, S. 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2001年第3期1-8,共8页
The concept of cointegration describes an equilibrium relationship among a set of time-varying variables, and the cointegrated relationship can be represented through an error-correction model (ECM). The error-correct... The concept of cointegration describes an equilibrium relationship among a set of time-varying variables, and the cointegrated relationship can be represented through an error-correction model (ECM). The error-correction variable, which represents the short-run discrepancy from the equilibrium state in a cointegrated system, plays an important role in the ECM. It is natural to ask how the error-correction mechanism works, or equivalently, how the short-run discrepancy affects the development of the cointegrated system? This paper examines the effect or local influence on the error-correction variable in an error-correction model. Following the argument of the second-order approach to local influence suggested by reference [5], we develop a diagnostic statistic to examine the local influence on the estimation of the parameter associated with the error-correction variable in an ECM. An empirical example is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed diagnostic. We find that the short-run discre pancy may have strong influence on the estimation of the parameter associated with the error-correction model. It is the error-correction variable that the short-run discrepancies can be incorporated through the error-correction mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 Computer simulation error correction Mathematical models Parameter estimation Program diagnostics Statistical methods Time series analysis Time varying control systems
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