Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)oil has been gaining increasing attention due to its nutritional and functional potentials.Krill oil usually contains a high concentration(about 50%)of phospholipids(AKOP)rich in DHA ...Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)oil has been gaining increasing attention due to its nutritional and functional potentials.Krill oil usually contains a high concentration(about 50%)of phospholipids(AKOP)rich in DHA and EPA accompanied with 30%–40%triacylglycerols.Phospholipids can be made into liposomes without emulsifiers due to its amphiphilic characteristics.However,the absorption kinetics of AKOP liposome in vivo is not clear,which restrict the molecular mechanism analysis related to its distinct bioactivities.The lipid analysis in serum,small intestinal content and wall was carried out after oral administration of AKOP liposome to illustrate its absorption kinetics in blood and the digestive tract of healthy mice by single gavage.The major type of the obtained AKOP was phosphatidylcholine,and the total contents of the DHA and EPA were 29.31%.AKOP liposome was almost completely digested in the small intestine in 1 h and the hydrolysis products could be quickly absorbed by intestinal enterocytes.The DHA in serum peaked at 2 h after administration of AKOP liposome.AKOP liposome could be quickly digested and absorbed in vivo.The obtained results might provide a scientific basis for the molecular mechanism analysis related to distinct bioactivities of Antarctic krill oil phospholipid.展开更多
A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtaine...A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtained from distillation of rice bran oil. Elevated plasma cholesterol level is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) rich fraction isolated from RBODD on plasma and liver lipid concentrations in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal fat control (NFC), high fat control (HFC) and high fat diet plus tocols rich fraction (RBODD). RBODD was administered daily for 3 weeks by oral gavage using 5% of Tween-80 as a vehicle. The rats in the control groups received 5% of Tween-80 alone in the same manner. Blood samples and livers were collected at the end of the feeding period. RBODD group had significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to the HFC group (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes for plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in RBODD compared with HFC. Compared to the rat fed HFC, hepatic free fatty acids were significantly reduced in the rats with the RBODD treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the tocols rich fraction isolated from RBODD is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and hepatic free fatty acids concentrations. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism and optimal dose by which isomers of tocols lower triglyceride concentrations.展开更多
Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of streptomycin sulfate (STR) are important in the determination of optimal dosage regimens and in establishing safe withdrawal periods in farmed fishes. The pharmacokinetics o...Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of streptomycin sulfate (STR) are important in the determination of optimal dosage regimens and in establishing safe withdrawal periods in farmed fishes. The pharmacokinetics of STR was studied after a single dose (50 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or oral gavage (p.o.) administration to Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in freshwater at 25°C. Eight fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. Plasma and muscle were collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with 0.05 μg/ml detection limit. The data of pharmacokinetics conformed to the two-compartment open model for intramuscular and one-compartment open model for oral administrations. After intramuscular administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2β) was calculated to be 11.346 h, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) to be 29.524 μg/ml, the time to peak plasma streptomycin concentration (Tmax) to be 0.218 h, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) to be 90.206 μg/ml?h. Following p.o. administration, the corresponding estimates were 13.239 h, 0.346 μg/ml, 11.960 h, and 12.356 μg/ml?h. After intramuscular administration, a therapeutic concentration of the drug was maintained for 12 hours in the plasma, however, a therapeutic level could not be achieved after oral administration, and the results suggest that the drug can be used clinically by intramuscular administration against streptomycin susceptible systemic infections in Japanese eel.展开更多
AIM To investigat the influence of hemochromatosis gene(Hfe) mutation on ^(59)Fe labelled duodenal heme absorption in mice.METHODS Heme absorption was measured in Hfe wild type and Hfe^((-/-)) mice by the duodenal tie...AIM To investigat the influence of hemochromatosis gene(Hfe) mutation on ^(59)Fe labelled duodenal heme absorption in mice.METHODS Heme absorption was measured in Hfe wild type and Hfe^((-/-)) mice by the duodenal tied loop and by oral gavage methods. The m RNA expression of heme oxygenase(HO-1), Abcg2 and Flvcr1 genes and levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS Heme absorption was significantly increased in homozygous Hfe^((-/-)) mice despite significant hepatic and splenic iron overload. While duodenal HO-1 mRNA was highly expressed in the wild type and Hfe^((-/-)) heme-treated group following 24 h heme administration, Flvcr1 a mRNA decreased. However, Abcg2 mRNA expression levels in duodenum remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Heme absorption was enhanced in Hfe^((-/-)) mice from both duodenal tied-loop segments and by oral gavage methods. HO-1 m RNA levels were enhanced in mice duodenum after 24 h of heme feeding and may account for enhanced heme absorption in Hfe^((-/-)) mice. Implications for dietary recommendations on heme intake by Hfe subjects to modulate iron loading are important clinical considerations.展开更多
文摘Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)oil has been gaining increasing attention due to its nutritional and functional potentials.Krill oil usually contains a high concentration(about 50%)of phospholipids(AKOP)rich in DHA and EPA accompanied with 30%–40%triacylglycerols.Phospholipids can be made into liposomes without emulsifiers due to its amphiphilic characteristics.However,the absorption kinetics of AKOP liposome in vivo is not clear,which restrict the molecular mechanism analysis related to its distinct bioactivities.The lipid analysis in serum,small intestinal content and wall was carried out after oral administration of AKOP liposome to illustrate its absorption kinetics in blood and the digestive tract of healthy mice by single gavage.The major type of the obtained AKOP was phosphatidylcholine,and the total contents of the DHA and EPA were 29.31%.AKOP liposome was almost completely digested in the small intestine in 1 h and the hydrolysis products could be quickly absorbed by intestinal enterocytes.The DHA in serum peaked at 2 h after administration of AKOP liposome.AKOP liposome could be quickly digested and absorbed in vivo.The obtained results might provide a scientific basis for the molecular mechanism analysis related to distinct bioactivities of Antarctic krill oil phospholipid.
文摘A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtained from distillation of rice bran oil. Elevated plasma cholesterol level is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) rich fraction isolated from RBODD on plasma and liver lipid concentrations in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal fat control (NFC), high fat control (HFC) and high fat diet plus tocols rich fraction (RBODD). RBODD was administered daily for 3 weeks by oral gavage using 5% of Tween-80 as a vehicle. The rats in the control groups received 5% of Tween-80 alone in the same manner. Blood samples and livers were collected at the end of the feeding period. RBODD group had significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to the HFC group (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes for plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in RBODD compared with HFC. Compared to the rat fed HFC, hepatic free fatty acids were significantly reduced in the rats with the RBODD treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the tocols rich fraction isolated from RBODD is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and hepatic free fatty acids concentrations. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism and optimal dose by which isomers of tocols lower triglyceride concentrations.
文摘Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of streptomycin sulfate (STR) are important in the determination of optimal dosage regimens and in establishing safe withdrawal periods in farmed fishes. The pharmacokinetics of STR was studied after a single dose (50 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or oral gavage (p.o.) administration to Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in freshwater at 25°C. Eight fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. Plasma and muscle were collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with 0.05 μg/ml detection limit. The data of pharmacokinetics conformed to the two-compartment open model for intramuscular and one-compartment open model for oral administrations. After intramuscular administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2β) was calculated to be 11.346 h, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) to be 29.524 μg/ml, the time to peak plasma streptomycin concentration (Tmax) to be 0.218 h, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) to be 90.206 μg/ml?h. Following p.o. administration, the corresponding estimates were 13.239 h, 0.346 μg/ml, 11.960 h, and 12.356 μg/ml?h. After intramuscular administration, a therapeutic concentration of the drug was maintained for 12 hours in the plasma, however, a therapeutic level could not be achieved after oral administration, and the results suggest that the drug can be used clinically by intramuscular administration against streptomycin susceptible systemic infections in Japanese eel.
文摘AIM To investigat the influence of hemochromatosis gene(Hfe) mutation on ^(59)Fe labelled duodenal heme absorption in mice.METHODS Heme absorption was measured in Hfe wild type and Hfe^((-/-)) mice by the duodenal tied loop and by oral gavage methods. The m RNA expression of heme oxygenase(HO-1), Abcg2 and Flvcr1 genes and levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS Heme absorption was significantly increased in homozygous Hfe^((-/-)) mice despite significant hepatic and splenic iron overload. While duodenal HO-1 mRNA was highly expressed in the wild type and Hfe^((-/-)) heme-treated group following 24 h heme administration, Flvcr1 a mRNA decreased. However, Abcg2 mRNA expression levels in duodenum remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Heme absorption was enhanced in Hfe^((-/-)) mice from both duodenal tied-loop segments and by oral gavage methods. HO-1 m RNA levels were enhanced in mice duodenum after 24 h of heme feeding and may account for enhanced heme absorption in Hfe^((-/-)) mice. Implications for dietary recommendations on heme intake by Hfe subjects to modulate iron loading are important clinical considerations.
