Particles,including soot,aerosol and ash,usually exist as fractal aggregates.The radiative properties of the particle fractal aggregates have a great influence on studying the light or heat radiative transfer in the p...Particles,including soot,aerosol and ash,usually exist as fractal aggregates.The radiative properties of the particle fractal aggregates have a great influence on studying the light or heat radiative transfer in the particle medium.In the present work,the performance of the single-layer inversion model and the double-layer inversion model in reconstructing the geometric structure of particle fractal aggregates is studied based on the light reflectancetransmittance measurement method.An improved artificial fish-swarm algorithm(IAFSA)is proposed to solve the inverse problem.The result reveals that the accuracy of double-layer inversion model is more satisfactory as it can provide more uncorrelated information than the single-layer inversion model.Moreover,the developed IAFSA show higher accuracy and better robustness than the original artificial fish swarm algorithm(AFSA)for avoiding local optimization problems effectively.As a whole,the present work supplies a useful kind of measurement technology for predicting geometrical morphology of particle fractal aggregates.展开更多
Lake is an important part of the natural ecosystem, and its morphological characteristics reflect the capacity of lake regulation and storage, the strength of material migration, and the characteristics of shoreline d...Lake is an important part of the natural ecosystem, and its morphological characteristics reflect the capacity of lake regulation and storage, the strength of material migration, and the characteristics of shoreline development. In most existing studies, remote sensing images are used to quantify the morphological characteristics of lakes. However, the extraction accuracy of lake water is greatly affected by cloud cover and vegetation cover, and the inversion accuracy of lake elevation data is poor, which cannot accurately describe the response relationship of lake landscape morphology with water level change. Therefore, this paper takes Tonle Sap Lake as the research object, which is the largest natural freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. DEM is constructed based on high-resolution measured topographic data, and morphological indicators such as lake area, lake shoreline length, perimeter area ratio, longest axis length, maximum width, shoreline development index, lake shape complexity, compactness ratio and form ratio are adopted to researching the evolution law of high water overflows and low water outbursts quantitatively, and clarifying the variation characteristics of landscape morphology with water level gradient in Tonle Sap Lake. The research results have important theoretical significance for the scientific utilization of Tonle Sap Lake water resources and the protection of the lake ecosystem.展开更多
Precisely quantifying the strength of the proximal femur and accurately assessing hip fracture risk would enable those at high risk to be identified so that preventive interventions could be taken.Development of bette...Precisely quantifying the strength of the proximal femur and accurately assessing hip fracture risk would enable those at high risk to be identified so that preventive interventions could be taken.Development of better measures of femoral strength using the clinically展开更多
This paper is focused on the study of the urban form of Tomar, which was founded in Portugal by the Order of the Temple during the 12th century. It is centered on the site where the Order of the Temple was created, Je...This paper is focused on the study of the urban form of Tomar, which was founded in Portugal by the Order of the Temple during the 12th century. It is centered on the site where the Order of the Temple was created, Jerusalem, and also on the Templar European headquarters, Paris, in Marais neighborhood; as well as on its headquarters in Portugal, Tomar; and finally, on Angra which was set up in Azores at the beginning of the Portuguese discoveries in 1427. While exploring possible Templar principles on setting up medieval geometric cities, the aim of this paper is to expose that Tomar is a truly relevant case on that process and, therefore, that Portugal have had a significant role on medieval geometric urbanism. The achievements of this paper show that the selected territories share common settlement principles which are based on both similar geometric rules and analogous hierarchy schemes. Regarding that, it will be possible to state that cultural and population exchanges with France should not be considered as the sole factor to shape European medieval urbanity. Portugal should have had a role on that process, too. At least, it should be possible to explore other hypothesis on further pieces of research, according to the exposed arguments.展开更多
The morphological changes of deep-water channels have an important influence on the distributions of channel sand reservoirs,so it is important to explore the morphological change process of deep-water channel for the...The morphological changes of deep-water channels have an important influence on the distributions of channel sand reservoirs,so it is important to explore the morphological change process of deep-water channel for the exploration and development of deep-water oil and gas.Based on a typical sinuous Quaternary channel(Channel I)in the Taranaki Basin,New Zealand,a variety of seismic interpretation techniques were applied to quantitatively characterize the morphological characteristics of the Channel I,and the relationships between the quantitative parameters and the morphological changes of the Channel I,as well as the controlling factors affecting those morphological changes,were discussed.The results are as follows:(1)in the quantitative analysis,six parameters were selected:the channel depth,width,sinuosity,and aspect ratio(width/depth),the channel swing amplitude(λ)and the channel bend frequency(ω);(2)according to the quantitative morphological parameters of the channel(mainly including three parameters such as channel sinuosity,ωandλ),the Channel I was divided into three types:the low-sinuous channel(LSC),the high-sinuous channel(HSC),the moderate-sinuous channel(MSC).U-shaped channel cross-sections developed in the LSC,V-shaped channel cross-sections developed in the HSC,including inclined-V and symmetric-V cross-sections,and dish-shaped channel cross-sections developed in the MSC;(3)the morphological characteristics of the LSC and MSC were related to their widths and depths,while the morphology of the HSC was greatly affected by the channel width,a change in depth did not affect the HSC morphology;(4)the morphological changes of the Channel I were controlled mainly by the slope gradient,the restricted capacity of the channel and the differential in fluid properties.展开更多
It is well recognized that interfacial effect and/or impedance matching play a great impact on microwave absorption.Herein,we proposed a facile strategy to take full advantage of interface engineering and impedance ma...It is well recognized that interfacial effect and/or impedance matching play a great impact on microwave absorption.Herein,we proposed a facile strategy to take full advantage of interface engineering and impedance matching for boosting microwave absorption performance(MAPs).Three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical urchin-like core@shell structured NiO/Ni@CNTs multicomponent nanocomposites(MCNCs)were elaborately constructed and produced in high efficiency through a facile continuous chemical bath deposition,thermal treatment,and catalytic chemical vapor decomposition process.By controlling the pyrolysis time,the NiO/Ni@CNTs urchin-like MCNCs with different lengths and aggregation degrees of CNTs could be selectively synthesized.The obtained results revealed that the enhanced CNT contents provided abundant interfaces and effectively aggrandized their interfacial effects,which resulted in improved polarization loss,conductivity loss,and comprehensive MAPs.Impressively,the interfaces and impedance matching in the designed NiO/Ni@CNTs urchin-like MCNCs could be optimized by regulating the pyrolysis temperature,which further improved the comprehensive MAPs.And the designed NiO/Ni@CNTs urchin-like MCNCs could simultaneously display strong absorption capabilities,broad absorption bandwidths,and thin matching thicknesses.Therefore,our findings not only provided a simple and universal approach to produce core@shell structured magnetic carbon-based urchin-like MCNCs but also presented an interface engineering and impedance matching strategy to develop the tunable,strong absorption,broadband,lightweight high-efficiency microwave absorbers.展开更多
Porous titanium alloy is currently widely used in clinical treatment of orthopaedic diseases for its lower elastic modulus and ability to integrate with bone tissue.At the micro-level,cells can respond to different ge...Porous titanium alloy is currently widely used in clinical treatment of orthopaedic diseases for its lower elastic modulus and ability to integrate with bone tissue.At the micro-level,cells can respond to different geometries,and at the macro-level,the geometric design of implants will also affect the biological function of cells.In this study,three kinds of porous scaffolds with square,triangular and circle rod shapes were designed and 3D printed.This study observed the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells during surface culture of the three types of scaffolds.It also evaluated the characteristics of the three scaffolds by means of compression tests and scanning electron microscopy to provide a reference for the design of porous titanium alloy implants for clinical applications.The trends of cell proliferation and gene expression between the three types of scaffolds were observed after treatment with two inhibitors.The results show that the square rod porous scaffolds have the best proliferative and osteogenic activities,and these findings may be due to differences in piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1(Piezo1)and Yes-associated protein(YAP)expression caused by the macro-geometric topography.展开更多
Regarding sugar and salt crystallization with large single crystals,the agglomerate thermodynamics and geometric morphologies,not the dynamics,dominate the particle size distribution(PSD).To consider this issue,a PSD ...Regarding sugar and salt crystallization with large single crystals,the agglomerate thermodynamics and geometric morphologies,not the dynamics,dominate the particle size distribution(PSD).To consider this issue,a PSD design model is proposed for limited large crystal agglomeration.In this model,the agglomeration thermodynamic criticality is determined by estimating the adhesion and dispersion forces between single crystals.The geometric agglomerate morphologies are described by corresponding single crystal units stacking with porosity.By seed well-controlled of population,the key parameters of PSD(D01,D50 and D99)are precisely designed.For erythritol,the model design accuracies are 92%–99%in the 1.2 L and 10 L crystallizers,indicating that it can design PSD at various crystallization scales.Concerning the general research attention to microcrystal agglomeration kinetics(mostly active pharmaceutical ingredients),this model effectively guides the sugar and salt PSD design with limited large crystal agglomeration.展开更多
The aquaculture of yellowtail kingfish(Seriola lalandi)has expanded around the globe,including China.Genetic resource of Chinese S.lalandi urgently needs to be assessed for improving production.Here,we collected wild ...The aquaculture of yellowtail kingfish(Seriola lalandi)has expanded around the globe,including China.Genetic resource of Chinese S.lalandi urgently needs to be assessed for improving production.Here,we collected wild S.lalandi samples from the Bohai Sea,China and evaluated its genetic diversity based on 17,690 nuclear loci.A population from the Southern Ocean,Australia was used for comparison.The analyses showed that the Chinese and Australian S.lalandi formed two completely distinct clusters and there was no genetic introgression from the Australian S.lalandi into the Chinese S.lalandi population.The genetic diversity is slightly lower,but comparable in Chinese versus Australian yellowtail kingfish(Chinese population,expected heterozygosity:0.19,observed heterozygosity:0.19,nucleotide diversity:0.19±0.09;Australian population,expected heterozygosity:0.23,observed heterozygosity:0.22,nucleotide diversity:0.22±0.11).Overall,our results indicated that Chinese S.lalandi could be a potential subject for genetic breeding programs.We also investigated morphological characters and developed molecular markers for population identification.Comparison of meristic characters between the Chinese population and the Australian population revealed that main shape difference were in the number of dorsal spines,dorsal fin rays and the number of upper gill rakers.Geometric morphology based on eight landmarks also revealed significant difference between the two populations including the distance between the tip of snout to origin of pelvic fin and the distance between the tip of snout to origin of pectoral fin.These morphological characters can be used for easy identification of the Chinese S.lalandi.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51806103)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20170800)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.201928052002)。
文摘Particles,including soot,aerosol and ash,usually exist as fractal aggregates.The radiative properties of the particle fractal aggregates have a great influence on studying the light or heat radiative transfer in the particle medium.In the present work,the performance of the single-layer inversion model and the double-layer inversion model in reconstructing the geometric structure of particle fractal aggregates is studied based on the light reflectancetransmittance measurement method.An improved artificial fish-swarm algorithm(IAFSA)is proposed to solve the inverse problem.The result reveals that the accuracy of double-layer inversion model is more satisfactory as it can provide more uncorrelated information than the single-layer inversion model.Moreover,the developed IAFSA show higher accuracy and better robustness than the original artificial fish swarm algorithm(AFSA)for avoiding local optimization problems effectively.As a whole,the present work supplies a useful kind of measurement technology for predicting geometrical morphology of particle fractal aggregates.
文摘Lake is an important part of the natural ecosystem, and its morphological characteristics reflect the capacity of lake regulation and storage, the strength of material migration, and the characteristics of shoreline development. In most existing studies, remote sensing images are used to quantify the morphological characteristics of lakes. However, the extraction accuracy of lake water is greatly affected by cloud cover and vegetation cover, and the inversion accuracy of lake elevation data is poor, which cannot accurately describe the response relationship of lake landscape morphology with water level change. Therefore, this paper takes Tonle Sap Lake as the research object, which is the largest natural freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. DEM is constructed based on high-resolution measured topographic data, and morphological indicators such as lake area, lake shoreline length, perimeter area ratio, longest axis length, maximum width, shoreline development index, lake shape complexity, compactness ratio and form ratio are adopted to researching the evolution law of high water overflows and low water outbursts quantitatively, and clarifying the variation characteristics of landscape morphology with water level gradient in Tonle Sap Lake. The research results have important theoretical significance for the scientific utilization of Tonle Sap Lake water resources and the protection of the lake ecosystem.
基金supported by The HongKong Polytechnic University Research Grants(No.1-BB81)grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.10872078 and 10832012
文摘Precisely quantifying the strength of the proximal femur and accurately assessing hip fracture risk would enable those at high risk to be identified so that preventive interventions could be taken.Development of better measures of femoral strength using the clinically
文摘This paper is focused on the study of the urban form of Tomar, which was founded in Portugal by the Order of the Temple during the 12th century. It is centered on the site where the Order of the Temple was created, Jerusalem, and also on the Templar European headquarters, Paris, in Marais neighborhood; as well as on its headquarters in Portugal, Tomar; and finally, on Angra which was set up in Azores at the beginning of the Portuguese discoveries in 1427. While exploring possible Templar principles on setting up medieval geometric cities, the aim of this paper is to expose that Tomar is a truly relevant case on that process and, therefore, that Portugal have had a significant role on medieval geometric urbanism. The achievements of this paper show that the selected territories share common settlement principles which are based on both similar geometric rules and analogous hierarchy schemes. Regarding that, it will be possible to state that cultural and population exchanges with France should not be considered as the sole factor to shape European medieval urbanity. Portugal should have had a role on that process, too. At least, it should be possible to explore other hypothesis on further pieces of research, according to the exposed arguments.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42077410,41872112 and 42002031the Key Scientific Research Projects in University of Henan Province under contract No.18A170007.
文摘The morphological changes of deep-water channels have an important influence on the distributions of channel sand reservoirs,so it is important to explore the morphological change process of deep-water channel for the exploration and development of deep-water oil and gas.Based on a typical sinuous Quaternary channel(Channel I)in the Taranaki Basin,New Zealand,a variety of seismic interpretation techniques were applied to quantitatively characterize the morphological characteristics of the Channel I,and the relationships between the quantitative parameters and the morphological changes of the Channel I,as well as the controlling factors affecting those morphological changes,were discussed.The results are as follows:(1)in the quantitative analysis,six parameters were selected:the channel depth,width,sinuosity,and aspect ratio(width/depth),the channel swing amplitude(λ)and the channel bend frequency(ω);(2)according to the quantitative morphological parameters of the channel(mainly including three parameters such as channel sinuosity,ωandλ),the Channel I was divided into three types:the low-sinuous channel(LSC),the high-sinuous channel(HSC),the moderate-sinuous channel(MSC).U-shaped channel cross-sections developed in the LSC,V-shaped channel cross-sections developed in the HSC,including inclined-V and symmetric-V cross-sections,and dish-shaped channel cross-sections developed in the MSC;(3)the morphological characteristics of the LSC and MSC were related to their widths and depths,while the morphology of the HSC was greatly affected by the channel width,a change in depth did not affect the HSC morphology;(4)the morphological changes of the Channel I were controlled mainly by the slope gradient,the restricted capacity of the channel and the differential in fluid properties.
基金financially supported by the Doctorial Start-up Fund of Guizhou University(2011–05)Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation(171095)+1 种基金Talent Project of Guizhou Provincial Education Department(2022–094)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11964006).
文摘It is well recognized that interfacial effect and/or impedance matching play a great impact on microwave absorption.Herein,we proposed a facile strategy to take full advantage of interface engineering and impedance matching for boosting microwave absorption performance(MAPs).Three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical urchin-like core@shell structured NiO/Ni@CNTs multicomponent nanocomposites(MCNCs)were elaborately constructed and produced in high efficiency through a facile continuous chemical bath deposition,thermal treatment,and catalytic chemical vapor decomposition process.By controlling the pyrolysis time,the NiO/Ni@CNTs urchin-like MCNCs with different lengths and aggregation degrees of CNTs could be selectively synthesized.The obtained results revealed that the enhanced CNT contents provided abundant interfaces and effectively aggrandized their interfacial effects,which resulted in improved polarization loss,conductivity loss,and comprehensive MAPs.Impressively,the interfaces and impedance matching in the designed NiO/Ni@CNTs urchin-like MCNCs could be optimized by regulating the pyrolysis temperature,which further improved the comprehensive MAPs.And the designed NiO/Ni@CNTs urchin-like MCNCs could simultaneously display strong absorption capabilities,broad absorption bandwidths,and thin matching thicknesses.Therefore,our findings not only provided a simple and universal approach to produce core@shell structured magnetic carbon-based urchin-like MCNCs but also presented an interface engineering and impedance matching strategy to develop the tunable,strong absorption,broadband,lightweight high-efficiency microwave absorbers.
基金This study was carried out at the 3D Printing Innovation Research Centre of the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to the School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,and the authors thank the founding support from the Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty-Biomedical Materials(shslczdzk06701)the 3-year Action Plan of Shen kang Development Centre(SHDC2020CR2019B)+2 种基金the Huangpu District Industrial Support Fund(XK2020009)the Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Innovative Orthopedic Instruments and Personalized Medicine(19DZ2250200)the Industry Standard Study on 3D Printing Personalized Titanium Alloy Pelvic Reconstruction Prosthesis(21DZ2201500).
文摘Porous titanium alloy is currently widely used in clinical treatment of orthopaedic diseases for its lower elastic modulus and ability to integrate with bone tissue.At the micro-level,cells can respond to different geometries,and at the macro-level,the geometric design of implants will also affect the biological function of cells.In this study,three kinds of porous scaffolds with square,triangular and circle rod shapes were designed and 3D printed.This study observed the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells during surface culture of the three types of scaffolds.It also evaluated the characteristics of the three scaffolds by means of compression tests and scanning electron microscopy to provide a reference for the design of porous titanium alloy implants for clinical applications.The trends of cell proliferation and gene expression between the three types of scaffolds were observed after treatment with two inhibitors.The results show that the square rod porous scaffolds have the best proliferative and osteogenic activities,and these findings may be due to differences in piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1(Piezo1)and Yes-associated protein(YAP)expression caused by the macro-geometric topography.
基金financially supported by the Key 647 Research and Development Project of Hebei 22372601Dthe financial support of Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations.
文摘Regarding sugar and salt crystallization with large single crystals,the agglomerate thermodynamics and geometric morphologies,not the dynamics,dominate the particle size distribution(PSD).To consider this issue,a PSD design model is proposed for limited large crystal agglomeration.In this model,the agglomeration thermodynamic criticality is determined by estimating the adhesion and dispersion forces between single crystals.The geometric agglomerate morphologies are described by corresponding single crystal units stacking with porosity.By seed well-controlled of population,the key parameters of PSD(D01,D50 and D99)are precisely designed.For erythritol,the model design accuracies are 92%–99%in the 1.2 L and 10 L crystallizers,indicating that it can design PSD at various crystallization scales.Concerning the general research attention to microcrystal agglomeration kinetics(mostly active pharmaceutical ingredients),this model effectively guides the sugar and salt PSD design with limited large crystal agglomeration.
基金This work was supported by Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding.
文摘The aquaculture of yellowtail kingfish(Seriola lalandi)has expanded around the globe,including China.Genetic resource of Chinese S.lalandi urgently needs to be assessed for improving production.Here,we collected wild S.lalandi samples from the Bohai Sea,China and evaluated its genetic diversity based on 17,690 nuclear loci.A population from the Southern Ocean,Australia was used for comparison.The analyses showed that the Chinese and Australian S.lalandi formed two completely distinct clusters and there was no genetic introgression from the Australian S.lalandi into the Chinese S.lalandi population.The genetic diversity is slightly lower,but comparable in Chinese versus Australian yellowtail kingfish(Chinese population,expected heterozygosity:0.19,observed heterozygosity:0.19,nucleotide diversity:0.19±0.09;Australian population,expected heterozygosity:0.23,observed heterozygosity:0.22,nucleotide diversity:0.22±0.11).Overall,our results indicated that Chinese S.lalandi could be a potential subject for genetic breeding programs.We also investigated morphological characters and developed molecular markers for population identification.Comparison of meristic characters between the Chinese population and the Australian population revealed that main shape difference were in the number of dorsal spines,dorsal fin rays and the number of upper gill rakers.Geometric morphology based on eight landmarks also revealed significant difference between the two populations including the distance between the tip of snout to origin of pelvic fin and the distance between the tip of snout to origin of pectoral fin.These morphological characters can be used for easy identification of the Chinese S.lalandi.
