《现代英汉综合大辞典》将"Greek to sb."译成"对某人一窍不通"并不通顺,亦令人费解。其缘由可能有二:其一,译者对相关形容词主动与被动意义之区分不甚明确;其二,对介词to的有关用法与意义之区别注意不够。文章就...《现代英汉综合大辞典》将"Greek to sb."译成"对某人一窍不通"并不通顺,亦令人费解。其缘由可能有二:其一,译者对相关形容词主动与被动意义之区分不甚明确;其二,对介词to的有关用法与意义之区别注意不够。文章就此进行了多维探究,还对相关问题一并作了翻译原则上的思考。展开更多
Background: Zinner syndrome represents a rare congenital malformation of the urinary tract. It comprises a constellation of Wolffian duct anomalies and is almost exclusively encountered as a classic triad of seminal v...Background: Zinner syndrome represents a rare congenital malformation of the urinary tract. It comprises a constellation of Wolffian duct anomalies and is almost exclusively encountered as a classic triad of seminal vesicle cysts, ejaculatory duct obstruction and renal agenesis. Patients can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Recently, minimally invasive surgical techniques have emerged, superseding traditional surgery for select symptomatic cases. Our case highlights the finding of a rare clinical syndrome that was incidentally detected during a routine mass screening of military recruits in the Greek Armed Forces.Case presentation: Herein, we present a case of a 19-year-old male who reported having a solitary right kidney when examined in a military training center of Northern Greece. No additional clinical information was available;thus, referral to a tertiary urology department for further investigation ensued. Imaging studies, namely, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed left renal aplasia, multiple left seminal vesicle cysts, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Laboratory values and urinalysis were within normal range. Semen analysis was significant for cryptozoospermia. Our patient remained asymptomatic during the entire hospitalization. Long-term follow-up was recommended. Nevertheless, he declined further investigation and sought treatment in a private practice setting.Conclusions: This article aims to present the incidental diagnosis of a rare syndrome in a military setting. Population screening conducted in the armed forces permits the identification of undiagnosed diseases that warrant further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report of Zinner syndrome in a military recruit and the second case cited of a Greek patient in the published literature. Regular follow-up is the key to timely intervention in conservatively managed cases.展开更多
Among the Greek islands, 61 are based—currently—on autonomous electrical systems for covering the electrical energy demand and are characterized as Non-Interconnected Islands (NII). The average electricity productio...Among the Greek islands, 61 are based—currently—on autonomous electrical systems for covering the electrical energy demand and are characterized as Non-Interconnected Islands (NII). The average electricity production cost in the NII is 2.5 times higher than in areas with access to the main, interconnected electricity grid (IEG) of Greece. In this paper, an analytic overview of the autonomous electricity systems of Greek islands is provided, focusing on electricity consumption and production, as well as on the relative costs. For investigating possibilities for improving the situation, especially in small, remote islands, simulations for the energy system of Astypalea are conducted. It is proved that further use of renewables in combination with energy storage can lower the current, high energy costs. Expansion of the IEG is not economically viable for islands which are far away from the mainland and their peak loads are less than 10 ΜW.展开更多
This paper offers a study of J.L.Lagrange's research on history of mathematics,aiming to clarify Lagrange's intention in carrying out historical work.To this end,I first document how Lagrange worked with and e...This paper offers a study of J.L.Lagrange's research on history of mathematics,aiming to clarify Lagrange's intention in carrying out historical work.To this end,I first document how Lagrange worked with and exerted his influence on other scholars in the translation and diffusion of ancient Greek texts.Second,investigating Lagrange's style in doing and writing history of mathematics,this paper takes a new perspective and elucidates his motivation in these activities.In particular,it focuses on Lagrange's presentation of the history of calculus while he was teaching analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique(1795-1799)so as to clarify the function of history in Lagrange's mathematical works.My thesis is that Lagrange's intention in examining the different methods employed by his predecessors was to find inspiration and useful contents in his search for the proper approach to mathematical problems.I thus argue in this paper that history served as a guide or methodology for Lagrange's mathematics.Meanwhile,through an analysis of his historical writing,this paper points to four epistemological values according to which Lagrange judged various historical methods of differential calculus:generality,simplicity,clarity,and rigor.Lagrange's move to rigorize analysis was connected to his interest in and research of Greek texts;he was attempting to introduce the rigor of the ancient Greeks'demonstration in his works of analysis.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to examine and present the procedures and the tools that are described in the literature for observing preschool children＇s communication competence. Informal and formal standardised test...The purpose of this study is to examine and present the procedures and the tools that are described in the literature for observing preschool children＇s communication competence. Informal and formal standardised testing activities are included and a distinction is made on traditional and computer-based screening and diagnosis. The results of study illustrate the current trends of the literature and discuss the possibility of the computer-based screening and diagnosis to partially make up for the expert-personnel shortage展开更多
The difference between human and animals is that human not only obey the rules of nature and history but also possess subjective attitude and spirit of life, which are presented as life values by reflecting directly o...The difference between human and animals is that human not only obey the rules of nature and history but also possess subjective attitude and spirit of life, which are presented as life values by reflecting directly on ideology. According to it,Greek mythology pours out its life values based on its subjective attitude and spirit of life.展开更多
As the hero in Ernest Hemingway's greatest masterpiece,The Old Man and the Sea,Santiago has always been considered as a perfect example of Hemingway's stoical protagonists.Being one of the classic characters i...As the hero in Ernest Hemingway's greatest masterpiece,The Old Man and the Sea,Santiago has always been considered as a perfect example of Hemingway's stoical protagonists.Being one of the classic characters in the American literature,Santiago is noticed for his strength,wisdom,bravery,and above all,his unsurpassed endurance.Even though the prototype of Santia go in reality,as Hemingway once revealed in an interview,is an old Cuban fisherman who told him about his experience of catching a large marlin and losing it to the sharks in 1935[海],the spiritual prototype of the old man has been best interpreted in the Greek Mythology.To be more precise,Santiago's spiritual prototype is the combination of Atlas,Prometheus and Sisyphus.展开更多
AIM To explore current diagnostic practice and attitudes of Greek and United Kingdom physiotherapists(PTs)on assessing low back pain(LBP)patients.METHODS Three focus groups were undertaken,followed by a structured que...AIM To explore current diagnostic practice and attitudes of Greek and United Kingdom physiotherapists(PTs)on assessing low back pain(LBP)patients.METHODS Three focus groups were undertaken,followed by a structured questionnaire-type survey comprising 23 health professionals and a random stratified sample of 150 PTs,respectively.Twenty-nine themes relating to LBP diagnostic practice emerged.These were then given to 30 British PTs assessing their level of agreement with their Greek counterparts.Analysis was performed by percentage agreements andχ2 tests.RESULTS The survey was divided into three subsections;PTs’attitudes on LBP assessment,patients’attitudes and diagnostic/healthcare issues,each constituting 14,7 and 8 statements,respectively.Over half of the statements fell within the 30%-80%agreement between Greece and United Kingdom whereas,5 statements reported low(<10%)and 8 statements demonstrated high(>90%)PT percentage agreement.Similarities across British and Greek PTs were detected in history taking methods and in the way PTs feel patients perceive physiotherapy practice whereas,re-assessment was undertaken less frequently in Greece.Diagnosis according to 91%of the Greek PTs is considered a“privilege”which is exclusive for doctors in Greece(only 17%British PTs agreed)and is accompanied with a great overuse of medical investigations.Forty percent of Greek PTs(compared to 0%of British)consider themselves as“executers”,being unable to interfere with treatment plan,possibly implying lack of autonomy.CONCLUSION Although similarities on history taking methods and on patients’attitudes were detected across both groups,gross differences were found in re-assessment procedures and diagnostic issues between Greek and British physiotherapists,highlighting differences in service delivery and professional autonomy.展开更多
Most Greek myths or legends from ancient Greek literature, including such as "Iliad" and "Odyssey" of the "Homer", Hesiod's "Work Time" and "Divinity," Ovid's ...Most Greek myths or legends from ancient Greek literature, including such as "Iliad" and "Odyssey" of the "Homer", Hesiod's "Work Time" and "Divinity," Ovid's "Metamorphoses" and other classics, as well as Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides in the European theater.展开更多
The accurate knowledge of surgical anatomy,the amelioration of post-operative processes and the continuously increasing experience of surgeons nowadays allow the performance of severe hepatic operations(e.g.,wide live...The accurate knowledge of surgical anatomy,the amelioration of post-operative processes and the continuously increasing experience of surgeons nowadays allow the performance of severe hepatic operations(e.g.,wide liver resections,liver transplantations,etc.).The success of these operations is even more assisted by the great regenerative ability of the liver.Greek mythology,being an important source of information on the beliefs,habits,and phenomena observed during antiquity,reveals that hepatic regeneration was well known to ancient Greeks and this natural ability was established in two tales:the tale of Prometheus and the tale of the Giant Tityus.The main concept of both tales,being the destruction and reconstitution of the liver,is almost the same.Both of the condemned were immortal and their liver regenerated in a night,providing thus,food for the eagles and eternal pain for the sufferers.In conclusion,the tales show that the regenerative ability of the liver was well known from early years and that the trust shown by the Gods in this ability,to cause eternal suffering is on a par with the trust shown by the modern surgeons in it,to assure a successful hepatic operation.展开更多
This paper describes the relation between Greek imports and exports of paper and paperboard and a number of major macroeconomic variables, such as population, gross domestic product, the industrial production index an...This paper describes the relation between Greek imports and exports of paper and paperboard and a number of major macroeconomic variables, such as population, gross domestic product, the industrial production index and domestic round wood production. The Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were employed in the analysis of the data. The study shows that there is no significant relation between paper and paperboard imports as a dependent variable and population, gross domestic product and domestic round wood production as independent variables. Despite this, an acceptable model is constructed using only gross domestic product as an independent variable. The study also shows that there is a significant relation between the export of paper and paperboard and gross domestic product, the industrial production index and round wood production. The results indicate that gross domestic product as an independent variable has the greatest effect on wood imports and exports in Greece during the period studied. Using these models is confirmed that the use of socioeconomic variables and the construction of future scenarios for the Greek forest sector is very efficient considering the special characteristics of the Greek economy. These models could help the establishment of economic growth, the reduction of the financial and ecological deficit, the implementation of economic reforms and to increase new investments.展开更多
In this paper, we seek to analyze pre-electoral political language in Greece with the use of Social Network Analysis. For this analysis, we collected data from the pre-elections speeches of five political leaders from...In this paper, we seek to analyze pre-electoral political language in Greece with the use of Social Network Analysis. For this analysis, we collected data from the pre-elections speeches of five political leaders from the 20th of September 2015 Greek general elections. We proceed to form, analyze and compare networks of words with an emphasis on financial vocabulary. Findings can provide interesting insights into how political leaders structure their speeches, evaluate important issues and use economic terms and political rhetoric, while different structural patterns can reveal the differences between political parties. Finally, we check whether the overall networks follow the general rules of real-life networks by belonging to the small-world or scale-free categories.展开更多
Background: Morton’s neuroma is the enlargement of an interdigital nerve most commonly located between the third and fourth metatarsals. Greek foot is a normal variant where the first metatarsal is shorter than the s...Background: Morton’s neuroma is the enlargement of an interdigital nerve most commonly located between the third and fourth metatarsals. Greek foot is a normal variant where the first metatarsal is shorter than the second metatarsal. To our knowledge, there is currently no reported association between Greek foot and Morton’s neuroma in the literature. Methods: Retrospective study of 184 patients. Two separate cohorts were recruited. Cohort A comprised of 100 randomly selected asymptomatic patients. Cohort B comprised of 84 patients with a history of foot pain and histologically confirmed Morton’s neuroma. Foot shape was determined by using a self-assessment tool and plain radiographs. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test on the association between Greek foot and Morton’s neuroma. A p-value of ﹣9). Conclusions: This study has shown a possible association between the presence of a Greek foot and the presence of Morton’s neuroma. Although our study design has limitations and does not allow full statistical analysis, we do believe that the shown association between Greek foot and Morton’s neuroma can help clinicians and other health care providers in establishing the diagnosis of Morton’s neuroma in patients with a painful foot.展开更多
<span><span>Greek yogurt has become much more popular within the last 15 to 20 years. The by-product of Greek yogurt manufacture is acid whey. Although acid whey has been considered a waste product, resear...<span><span>Greek yogurt has become much more popular within the last 15 to 20 years. The by-product of Greek yogurt manufacture is acid whey. Although acid whey has been considered a waste product, researchers are exploring various uses of this whey. Since the health benefits of consuming probiotics are widely known, one may propose adding probiotics to acid whey to form a probiotic beverage. Typically, probiotic bacteria do not thrive in acidic conditions. It would be beneficial to determine if the probiotic </span><i><span>Lactobacillus acidophilus </span></i><span>can survive in these acidic conditions. The objectives were to determine the growth of </span><i><span>L. acidophilus </span></i><span>in acid whey resulting from manufacturing Greek yogurt and to study any changes in apparent viscosity, pH, and titratable acidity over 4 weeks of refrigerated storage. Plain yogurt was manufactured, and whey was separated from plain yogurt to yield Greek yogurt and acid whey. Acid whey was batch pasteurized, cooled, sweetened, flavored with pineapple flavoring, inoculated with </span><i><span>L. acidophilus</span></i><span>, and stored at 4°C for 4 weeks. The log </span><i><span>L. acidophilus </span></i><span>counts progressively decreased from 7.84 immediately after manufacture to 2.06 at week 4. There were no significant changes in pH and titratable acidity of the pineapple-flavored probiotic acid whey over 4 weeks of storage, indicating product stability over shelf life. Viscosity changed over the storage time with minimum values at week 2 and maximum values at week 4. Although the counts declined over 4 weeks of storage, some </span><i><span>L. acidophilus </span></i><span>survived in the pineapple-flavored acid whey.</span></span>展开更多
Ancient Greece having survived uninterruptedly through centuries, consists an incontestably cultural capital of overriding importance for the global community and especially for Greece itself. Mythical elements usuall...Ancient Greece having survived uninterruptedly through centuries, consists an incontestably cultural capital of overriding importance for the global community and especially for Greece itself. Mythical elements usually become frameworks or structures, in which Greek literary tradition encodes Greek national virtues and promotes nationalistic goals. On the other hand, myth＇s adaptations to different chrono-topes generate diversified cultural reception, adjusted to the era and the audience＇s expectations. The mythical figures are constantly invested in different conceptual schemata, which correspond to the altered way of thinking. Myth is also usually embedded in or underlies fantasy genre, which becomes a vehicle for utterances on women＇s rights. In this paper, we are going to examine closely three ＂fantasy＂ novels for children with mythical intertextual elements： The Fortunate lsles （1989）, Torch （1987）, and Sirena （1998）, whose plot takes place in Greece and we will try to explore： （1） how is Greekness being perceived and presented; and （2） how is female identity being introjected or depicted, in order to find out if the subversive potential of the fantasy genre reworks and rationalizes femininity and Greekness, which have for so long been exploited by the patriarchal or nationalistic status quo.展开更多
This paper recounts the process by which a severely brain-damaged adult student,after a terrible car accident,taught herself to read and write Ancient Greek,and in so doing,improved her ability to read and write in Gr...This paper recounts the process by which a severely brain-damaged adult student,after a terrible car accident,taught herself to read and write Ancient Greek,and in so doing,improved her ability to read and write in Greek.Initially,Evangelia’s reading and writing were very slow and difficult;memory and word finding challenges were her constant companions.Numerous studies by Greek and foreign scientists have shown that the Ancient Greek language,besides being alive,is also therapeutic,since it has the possibility to heal various dysfunctions and learning difficulties.After nine months,the recovery process was so good that Evangelia found herself writing and reading more fluently in Greek.This paper seeks to contribute to our knowledge of how the Ancient Greek language has the possibility to heal various and serious speech and language disorders.展开更多
This article focused on the influence that culture and ancient Greek literature had on the lyrical poem ＂O Eros＂ （＂Love＂）, a poem by the poet of the Albanian national renaissance, Naim Fresheri. This poem writte...This article focused on the influence that culture and ancient Greek literature had on the lyrical poem ＂O Eros＂ （＂Love＂）, a poem by the poet of the Albanian national renaissance, Naim Fresheri. This poem written in the Greek language speaks about love and the big importance that philosophy, history, and the ancient Greek literature had in his life. The poem was published for the first time in Istanbul 1895 and its part of the phase when he wrote in the foreign languages. From the culture and Greek literature, Naim Frasheri borrowed culture, philosophy, history and Greek mythology representatives （figures）, topics, ideas and even motifs. He used them for poetical, philosophical, and historical purposes. It＇s worth mentioning that the evocation of the ancient Greek world in his poetical works gave a lot of values to his experience as a creator. In his poem ＂0 Eros＂ he addresses to love, and the absolute beauty, incarnated in the figures of Greek goddess like： Kaliope, Aphrodite, Artemis, Demetria and Urania etc. In his meditative road trip the poet to discover the mysteries of the universe and they will accompany him till the divine wayward, in the amazing residency of God. There where the power of thinking melts, the mysteries get widespread and because of God the entire universe it＇s alive. The love for the poet beyond the limits of humanity, it＇s something divine, the embodiment of God himself. It is love that brings it closer to the internal truth, that God is the source of life, love and universe. The message that the poem convey, ＂Love＂, it＇s a divine message as well as universal, that claims that life without no love has no sense and that is this feeling that keeps alive not only humanity but even the world. In this work I will focus mainly on style, figurative system, Greek mythological figures and also the way, the poet artistically conceptualize the work. The method that it＇s going to be used is that of comparison referring the terminology of the scholar （researcher） Itamar Zohar. In conclusion, we notice that the notion of the interference brings to us another point of view regarding to Naim＇s work, the point of view of the ancient poetical Greek tradition.展开更多
Greek classics, Homer, and the Greek tragedians, supposed to be the cornerstone of Western civilization, have long suffered from a stagnant and formalistic institutional approach. On the other hand, the adaptations, t...Greek classics, Homer, and the Greek tragedians, supposed to be the cornerstone of Western civilization, have long suffered from a stagnant and formalistic institutional approach. On the other hand, the adaptations, the transcriptions, or the transubstantiations of the Greek antiquity material into new stories and formats compose an abundant cultural field. Antiquity is diffused in a variety of texts, among comics as well. In this paper, we revise the comic books adaptations dealing with ancient Greek classics and classify them according to ＂the fidelity criterion-dilemma＂, to the kind of reader they imply and to the extent of authorial mastery they impose. When classics and comics collide, they create unexpected variations of the ancient material, reflecting the receiving culture＇s practices and beliefs.展开更多
The research undertaken within a Greek IT organisation specialising in service provisioning to the Greek banking sector discusses the various aspects of a number of identified environment factors within five distinct ...The research undertaken within a Greek IT organisation specialising in service provisioning to the Greek banking sector discusses the various aspects of a number of identified environment factors within five distinct IT projects which affect the requirements analysis phase. Project Management (PMBOK? Guide 4th ed.), IT Service Management (ITIL? v3) and Business Analysis (BABOK? Guide 2.0) framework practices applied to the various IT projects are highlighted in regard to improved activity execution. Project issue management, stakeholder management, time management, resources management, communication management and risk management aspects are presented. These are then linked to the identified environment factors so as to indicate the adaptability of an IT support team to changing environment factors in IT project environments and how the fulfilment of these factors can significantly contribute to effective requirements analysis and enhance the requirements management cycle.展开更多
The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. ...The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. In this study, it investigated the existence of differences between the characteristics of these two categories. The main objective is to investigate the influence of financial effectiveness regarding those areas falling under state jurisdiction with the greatest room for improvement. Specifically, in Municipalities with ineffective financial management, local employment was notably considered to be the area with the greatest margin for improvement. Additionally, 21% of mayors of Municipalities with effective fmancial management consider that the state area of responsibility with the greatest capacity for improvement is that of attracting private investment. Moreover, the influence of financial effectiveness regarding the areas of competence of Greek Municipalities with the greatest room for improvement has a similar pattern. According to responses from mayors in Municipalities with ineffective fmancial administration, the areas of competence with the greatest room for improvement are provision and maintenance of infrastructure （23% of responses） and attraction of private investment （19% of responses）. Accordingly, responses from mayors in Municipalities with the highest financial performance indicate that the areas of competence with the greatest room for improvement are provision and maintenance of infrastructure （21% of responses） and attraction of private investment （20% of responses）.展开更多
文摘Background: Zinner syndrome represents a rare congenital malformation of the urinary tract. It comprises a constellation of Wolffian duct anomalies and is almost exclusively encountered as a classic triad of seminal vesicle cysts, ejaculatory duct obstruction and renal agenesis. Patients can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Recently, minimally invasive surgical techniques have emerged, superseding traditional surgery for select symptomatic cases. Our case highlights the finding of a rare clinical syndrome that was incidentally detected during a routine mass screening of military recruits in the Greek Armed Forces.Case presentation: Herein, we present a case of a 19-year-old male who reported having a solitary right kidney when examined in a military training center of Northern Greece. No additional clinical information was available;thus, referral to a tertiary urology department for further investigation ensued. Imaging studies, namely, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed left renal aplasia, multiple left seminal vesicle cysts, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Laboratory values and urinalysis were within normal range. Semen analysis was significant for cryptozoospermia. Our patient remained asymptomatic during the entire hospitalization. Long-term follow-up was recommended. Nevertheless, he declined further investigation and sought treatment in a private practice setting.Conclusions: This article aims to present the incidental diagnosis of a rare syndrome in a military setting. Population screening conducted in the armed forces permits the identification of undiagnosed diseases that warrant further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report of Zinner syndrome in a military recruit and the second case cited of a Greek patient in the published literature. Regular follow-up is the key to timely intervention in conservatively managed cases.
文摘Among the Greek islands, 61 are based—currently—on autonomous electrical systems for covering the electrical energy demand and are characterized as Non-Interconnected Islands (NII). The average electricity production cost in the NII is 2.5 times higher than in areas with access to the main, interconnected electricity grid (IEG) of Greece. In this paper, an analytic overview of the autonomous electricity systems of Greek islands is provided, focusing on electricity consumption and production, as well as on the relative costs. For investigating possibilities for improving the situation, especially in small, remote islands, simulations for the energy system of Astypalea are conducted. It is proved that further use of renewables in combination with energy storage can lower the current, high energy costs. Expansion of the IEG is not economically viable for islands which are far away from the mainland and their peak loads are less than 10 ΜW.
文摘This paper offers a study of J.L.Lagrange's research on history of mathematics,aiming to clarify Lagrange's intention in carrying out historical work.To this end,I first document how Lagrange worked with and exerted his influence on other scholars in the translation and diffusion of ancient Greek texts.Second,investigating Lagrange's style in doing and writing history of mathematics,this paper takes a new perspective and elucidates his motivation in these activities.In particular,it focuses on Lagrange's presentation of the history of calculus while he was teaching analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique(1795-1799)so as to clarify the function of history in Lagrange's mathematical works.My thesis is that Lagrange's intention in examining the different methods employed by his predecessors was to find inspiration and useful contents in his search for the proper approach to mathematical problems.I thus argue in this paper that history served as a guide or methodology for Lagrange's mathematics.Meanwhile,through an analysis of his historical writing,this paper points to four epistemological values according to which Lagrange judged various historical methods of differential calculus:generality,simplicity,clarity,and rigor.Lagrange's move to rigorize analysis was connected to his interest in and research of Greek texts;he was attempting to introduce the rigor of the ancient Greeks'demonstration in his works of analysis.
文摘The purpose of this study is to examine and present the procedures and the tools that are described in the literature for observing preschool children＇s communication competence. Informal and formal standardised testing activities are included and a distinction is made on traditional and computer-based screening and diagnosis. The results of study illustrate the current trends of the literature and discuss the possibility of the computer-based screening and diagnosis to partially make up for the expert-personnel shortage
文摘The difference between human and animals is that human not only obey the rules of nature and history but also possess subjective attitude and spirit of life, which are presented as life values by reflecting directly on ideology. According to it,Greek mythology pours out its life values based on its subjective attitude and spirit of life.
文摘As the hero in Ernest Hemingway's greatest masterpiece,The Old Man and the Sea,Santiago has always been considered as a perfect example of Hemingway's stoical protagonists.Being one of the classic characters in the American literature,Santiago is noticed for his strength,wisdom,bravery,and above all,his unsurpassed endurance.Even though the prototype of Santia go in reality,as Hemingway once revealed in an interview,is an old Cuban fisherman who told him about his experience of catching a large marlin and losing it to the sharks in 1935[海],the spiritual prototype of the old man has been best interpreted in the Greek Mythology.To be more precise,Santiago's spiritual prototype is the combination of Atlas,Prometheus and Sisyphus.
基金Supported by The MACP’s Elsevier Science and Doctoral Awards for Research in Manipulative Physiotherapy
文摘AIM To explore current diagnostic practice and attitudes of Greek and United Kingdom physiotherapists(PTs)on assessing low back pain(LBP)patients.METHODS Three focus groups were undertaken,followed by a structured questionnaire-type survey comprising 23 health professionals and a random stratified sample of 150 PTs,respectively.Twenty-nine themes relating to LBP diagnostic practice emerged.These were then given to 30 British PTs assessing their level of agreement with their Greek counterparts.Analysis was performed by percentage agreements andχ2 tests.RESULTS The survey was divided into three subsections;PTs’attitudes on LBP assessment,patients’attitudes and diagnostic/healthcare issues,each constituting 14,7 and 8 statements,respectively.Over half of the statements fell within the 30%-80%agreement between Greece and United Kingdom whereas,5 statements reported low(<10%)and 8 statements demonstrated high(>90%)PT percentage agreement.Similarities across British and Greek PTs were detected in history taking methods and in the way PTs feel patients perceive physiotherapy practice whereas,re-assessment was undertaken less frequently in Greece.Diagnosis according to 91%of the Greek PTs is considered a“privilege”which is exclusive for doctors in Greece(only 17%British PTs agreed)and is accompanied with a great overuse of medical investigations.Forty percent of Greek PTs(compared to 0%of British)consider themselves as“executers”,being unable to interfere with treatment plan,possibly implying lack of autonomy.CONCLUSION Although similarities on history taking methods and on patients’attitudes were detected across both groups,gross differences were found in re-assessment procedures and diagnostic issues between Greek and British physiotherapists,highlighting differences in service delivery and professional autonomy.
文摘Most Greek myths or legends from ancient Greek literature, including such as "Iliad" and "Odyssey" of the "Homer", Hesiod's "Work Time" and "Divinity," Ovid's "Metamorphoses" and other classics, as well as Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides in the European theater.
文摘The accurate knowledge of surgical anatomy,the amelioration of post-operative processes and the continuously increasing experience of surgeons nowadays allow the performance of severe hepatic operations(e.g.,wide liver resections,liver transplantations,etc.).The success of these operations is even more assisted by the great regenerative ability of the liver.Greek mythology,being an important source of information on the beliefs,habits,and phenomena observed during antiquity,reveals that hepatic regeneration was well known to ancient Greeks and this natural ability was established in two tales:the tale of Prometheus and the tale of the Giant Tityus.The main concept of both tales,being the destruction and reconstitution of the liver,is almost the same.Both of the condemned were immortal and their liver regenerated in a night,providing thus,food for the eagles and eternal pain for the sufferers.In conclusion,the tales show that the regenerative ability of the liver was well known from early years and that the trust shown by the Gods in this ability,to cause eternal suffering is on a par with the trust shown by the modern surgeons in it,to assure a successful hepatic operation.
文摘This paper describes the relation between Greek imports and exports of paper and paperboard and a number of major macroeconomic variables, such as population, gross domestic product, the industrial production index and domestic round wood production. The Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were employed in the analysis of the data. The study shows that there is no significant relation between paper and paperboard imports as a dependent variable and population, gross domestic product and domestic round wood production as independent variables. Despite this, an acceptable model is constructed using only gross domestic product as an independent variable. The study also shows that there is a significant relation between the export of paper and paperboard and gross domestic product, the industrial production index and round wood production. The results indicate that gross domestic product as an independent variable has the greatest effect on wood imports and exports in Greece during the period studied. Using these models is confirmed that the use of socioeconomic variables and the construction of future scenarios for the Greek forest sector is very efficient considering the special characteristics of the Greek economy. These models could help the establishment of economic growth, the reduction of the financial and ecological deficit, the implementation of economic reforms and to increase new investments.
文摘In this paper, we seek to analyze pre-electoral political language in Greece with the use of Social Network Analysis. For this analysis, we collected data from the pre-elections speeches of five political leaders from the 20th of September 2015 Greek general elections. We proceed to form, analyze and compare networks of words with an emphasis on financial vocabulary. Findings can provide interesting insights into how political leaders structure their speeches, evaluate important issues and use economic terms and political rhetoric, while different structural patterns can reveal the differences between political parties. Finally, we check whether the overall networks follow the general rules of real-life networks by belonging to the small-world or scale-free categories.
文摘Background: Morton’s neuroma is the enlargement of an interdigital nerve most commonly located between the third and fourth metatarsals. Greek foot is a normal variant where the first metatarsal is shorter than the second metatarsal. To our knowledge, there is currently no reported association between Greek foot and Morton’s neuroma in the literature. Methods: Retrospective study of 184 patients. Two separate cohorts were recruited. Cohort A comprised of 100 randomly selected asymptomatic patients. Cohort B comprised of 84 patients with a history of foot pain and histologically confirmed Morton’s neuroma. Foot shape was determined by using a self-assessment tool and plain radiographs. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test on the association between Greek foot and Morton’s neuroma. A p-value of ﹣9). Conclusions: This study has shown a possible association between the presence of a Greek foot and the presence of Morton’s neuroma. Although our study design has limitations and does not allow full statistical analysis, we do believe that the shown association between Greek foot and Morton’s neuroma can help clinicians and other health care providers in establishing the diagnosis of Morton’s neuroma in patients with a painful foot.
文摘<span><span>Greek yogurt has become much more popular within the last 15 to 20 years. The by-product of Greek yogurt manufacture is acid whey. Although acid whey has been considered a waste product, researchers are exploring various uses of this whey. Since the health benefits of consuming probiotics are widely known, one may propose adding probiotics to acid whey to form a probiotic beverage. Typically, probiotic bacteria do not thrive in acidic conditions. It would be beneficial to determine if the probiotic </span><i><span>Lactobacillus acidophilus </span></i><span>can survive in these acidic conditions. The objectives were to determine the growth of </span><i><span>L. acidophilus </span></i><span>in acid whey resulting from manufacturing Greek yogurt and to study any changes in apparent viscosity, pH, and titratable acidity over 4 weeks of refrigerated storage. Plain yogurt was manufactured, and whey was separated from plain yogurt to yield Greek yogurt and acid whey. Acid whey was batch pasteurized, cooled, sweetened, flavored with pineapple flavoring, inoculated with </span><i><span>L. acidophilus</span></i><span>, and stored at 4°C for 4 weeks. The log </span><i><span>L. acidophilus </span></i><span>counts progressively decreased from 7.84 immediately after manufacture to 2.06 at week 4. There were no significant changes in pH and titratable acidity of the pineapple-flavored probiotic acid whey over 4 weeks of storage, indicating product stability over shelf life. Viscosity changed over the storage time with minimum values at week 2 and maximum values at week 4. Although the counts declined over 4 weeks of storage, some </span><i><span>L. acidophilus </span></i><span>survived in the pineapple-flavored acid whey.</span></span>
文摘Ancient Greece having survived uninterruptedly through centuries, consists an incontestably cultural capital of overriding importance for the global community and especially for Greece itself. Mythical elements usually become frameworks or structures, in which Greek literary tradition encodes Greek national virtues and promotes nationalistic goals. On the other hand, myth＇s adaptations to different chrono-topes generate diversified cultural reception, adjusted to the era and the audience＇s expectations. The mythical figures are constantly invested in different conceptual schemata, which correspond to the altered way of thinking. Myth is also usually embedded in or underlies fantasy genre, which becomes a vehicle for utterances on women＇s rights. In this paper, we are going to examine closely three ＂fantasy＂ novels for children with mythical intertextual elements： The Fortunate lsles （1989）, Torch （1987）, and Sirena （1998）, whose plot takes place in Greece and we will try to explore： （1） how is Greekness being perceived and presented; and （2） how is female identity being introjected or depicted, in order to find out if the subversive potential of the fantasy genre reworks and rationalizes femininity and Greekness, which have for so long been exploited by the patriarchal or nationalistic status quo.
文摘This paper recounts the process by which a severely brain-damaged adult student,after a terrible car accident,taught herself to read and write Ancient Greek,and in so doing,improved her ability to read and write in Greek.Initially,Evangelia’s reading and writing were very slow and difficult;memory and word finding challenges were her constant companions.Numerous studies by Greek and foreign scientists have shown that the Ancient Greek language,besides being alive,is also therapeutic,since it has the possibility to heal various dysfunctions and learning difficulties.After nine months,the recovery process was so good that Evangelia found herself writing and reading more fluently in Greek.This paper seeks to contribute to our knowledge of how the Ancient Greek language has the possibility to heal various and serious speech and language disorders.
文摘This article focused on the influence that culture and ancient Greek literature had on the lyrical poem ＂O Eros＂ （＂Love＂）, a poem by the poet of the Albanian national renaissance, Naim Fresheri. This poem written in the Greek language speaks about love and the big importance that philosophy, history, and the ancient Greek literature had in his life. The poem was published for the first time in Istanbul 1895 and its part of the phase when he wrote in the foreign languages. From the culture and Greek literature, Naim Frasheri borrowed culture, philosophy, history and Greek mythology representatives （figures）, topics, ideas and even motifs. He used them for poetical, philosophical, and historical purposes. It＇s worth mentioning that the evocation of the ancient Greek world in his poetical works gave a lot of values to his experience as a creator. In his poem ＂0 Eros＂ he addresses to love, and the absolute beauty, incarnated in the figures of Greek goddess like： Kaliope, Aphrodite, Artemis, Demetria and Urania etc. In his meditative road trip the poet to discover the mysteries of the universe and they will accompany him till the divine wayward, in the amazing residency of God. There where the power of thinking melts, the mysteries get widespread and because of God the entire universe it＇s alive. The love for the poet beyond the limits of humanity, it＇s something divine, the embodiment of God himself. It is love that brings it closer to the internal truth, that God is the source of life, love and universe. The message that the poem convey, ＂Love＂, it＇s a divine message as well as universal, that claims that life without no love has no sense and that is this feeling that keeps alive not only humanity but even the world. In this work I will focus mainly on style, figurative system, Greek mythological figures and also the way, the poet artistically conceptualize the work. The method that it＇s going to be used is that of comparison referring the terminology of the scholar （researcher） Itamar Zohar. In conclusion, we notice that the notion of the interference brings to us another point of view regarding to Naim＇s work, the point of view of the ancient poetical Greek tradition.
文摘Greek classics, Homer, and the Greek tragedians, supposed to be the cornerstone of Western civilization, have long suffered from a stagnant and formalistic institutional approach. On the other hand, the adaptations, the transcriptions, or the transubstantiations of the Greek antiquity material into new stories and formats compose an abundant cultural field. Antiquity is diffused in a variety of texts, among comics as well. In this paper, we revise the comic books adaptations dealing with ancient Greek classics and classify them according to ＂the fidelity criterion-dilemma＂, to the kind of reader they imply and to the extent of authorial mastery they impose. When classics and comics collide, they create unexpected variations of the ancient material, reflecting the receiving culture＇s practices and beliefs.
文摘The research undertaken within a Greek IT organisation specialising in service provisioning to the Greek banking sector discusses the various aspects of a number of identified environment factors within five distinct IT projects which affect the requirements analysis phase. Project Management (PMBOK? Guide 4th ed.), IT Service Management (ITIL? v3) and Business Analysis (BABOK? Guide 2.0) framework practices applied to the various IT projects are highlighted in regard to improved activity execution. Project issue management, stakeholder management, time management, resources management, communication management and risk management aspects are presented. These are then linked to the identified environment factors so as to indicate the adaptability of an IT support team to changing environment factors in IT project environments and how the fulfilment of these factors can significantly contribute to effective requirements analysis and enhance the requirements management cycle.
文摘The aim of this research is to separate the entire sample of Municipalities in Greece into categories, based on the effectiveness of financial management and financial performance into effective and ineffective ones. In this study, it investigated the existence of differences between the characteristics of these two categories. The main objective is to investigate the influence of financial effectiveness regarding those areas falling under state jurisdiction with the greatest room for improvement. Specifically, in Municipalities with ineffective financial management, local employment was notably considered to be the area with the greatest margin for improvement. Additionally, 21% of mayors of Municipalities with effective fmancial management consider that the state area of responsibility with the greatest capacity for improvement is that of attracting private investment. Moreover, the influence of financial effectiveness regarding the areas of competence of Greek Municipalities with the greatest room for improvement has a similar pattern. According to responses from mayors in Municipalities with ineffective fmancial administration, the areas of competence with the greatest room for improvement are provision and maintenance of infrastructure （23% of responses） and attraction of private investment （19% of responses）. Accordingly, responses from mayors in Municipalities with the highest financial performance indicate that the areas of competence with the greatest room for improvement are provision and maintenance of infrastructure （21% of responses） and attraction of private investment （20% of responses）.
