[Objective] The paper was to explore the microscopic structure of rabbit hair. [Method] Single rabbit hair with typical features was selected to observe its mi- croscopic structure from tip to root, and its fiber diam...[Objective] The paper was to explore the microscopic structure of rabbit hair. [Method] Single rabbit hair with typical features was selected to observe its mi- croscopic structure from tip to root, and its fiber diameter was also measured. [Result] The rabbit hair tip was constituted by scale layer and cortical layer, without medullary layer; the middle part was generally constituted by scale layer, cortical layer and medullary layer; the root had no medullary layer, and the scale layer was wheatear-shaped. This was the property of rabbit hair, which could be used for comparative studies with other animal fiber and species identification. Rabbit hair had developed medullary layer, and fiber diameter was positively related to column number of medullary cavity. The hair generally was single column, and coarse hair was multi-column. Single rabbit hair was the finest in the tip, coarse in the middle and tapering in the root. The diameter difference of various parts was large, and the ex- ternal growth characteristics was spindle-shaped. [Conclusion] Using biological micro- scope method to identify different animal fur and product species is more objective and simple.展开更多
The morphology, bending property and secondary structure estimation of dog hair were investigated by scanning electron microscope( SEM),fiber compression bending analyzer,fiber frictional coefficient tester and Fourie...The morphology, bending property and secondary structure estimation of dog hair were investigated by scanning electron microscope( SEM),fiber compression bending analyzer,fiber frictional coefficient tester and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR). The SEM micrograph of hair indicated guard hair( GH),intermediate hair( IH) and underhair( UH) from dog hair fibers displayed considerable differences in the diameter,length,scale shape and medulla. In addition,the bending property of fibers were related to the diameter of fibers and the percentage and structure of medulla. The UH had the greatest frictional coefficient,while the guard hair had the largest bending rigidity in three kinds of hairs. The analysis of amide I region implied that there was an apparent variety in the secondary structure of hairs,mainly the percentage of α-helix and β-pleated sheet and β-turn structure. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the crystallinity of the UH was the lowest in the three kinds of fibers. The tensile behaviors of dog hair also indicated that the increase of β-pleated and β-turn structure caused the increase of the breaking strength.展开更多
We introduce Hair-GAN,an architecture of generative adversarial networks,to recover the 3D hair structure from a single image.The goal of our networks is to build a parametric transformation from 2D hair maps to 3D ha...We introduce Hair-GAN,an architecture of generative adversarial networks,to recover the 3D hair structure from a single image.The goal of our networks is to build a parametric transformation from 2D hair maps to 3D hair structure.The 3D hair structure is represented as a 3D volumetric field which encodes both the occupancy and the orientation information of the hair strands.Given a single hair image,we first align it with a bust model and extract a set of 2D maps encoding the hair orientation information in 2D,along with the bust depth map to feed into our Hair-GAN.With our generator network,we compute the 3D volumetric field as the structure guidance for the final hair synthesis.The modeling results not only resemble the hair in the input image but also possesses many vivid details in other views.The efficacy of our method is demonstrated by using a variety of hairstyles and comparing with the prior art.展开更多
Venus flytrap can sense the very small insects that touch its tactile receptors,known as trigger hairs,and thus capture prey to maintain its nutrient demand.However,there are few studies on the trigger hair and its mo...Venus flytrap can sense the very small insects that touch its tactile receptors,known as trigger hairs,and thus capture prey to maintain its nutrient demand.However,there are few studies on the trigger hair and its morphological structure and material properties are not fully understood.In this study,the trigger hair is systematically characterized with the help of diff erent instruments.Results show that trigger hair is a special cantilever beam structure and it has a large longitudinal diameter ratio.Besides,it is composed of a hair lever and a basal podium,and there is a notch near the hair base.The crosssection of the trigger hair is approximately a honeycomb structure,which is composed of many holes.Methods to measure mechanical properties of trigger hair are introduced in this paper.Based on the mechanical tests,trigger hair proved to be a variable stiff ness structure and shows a high sensitivity to the external force.These features can provide supports for the understanding of the high-sensitivity sensing mechanism of trigger hairs from the perspective of structure and material,and off er inspirations for the development of high-performance tactile sensors.展开更多
Thirty Siberian weasels (Mustela Sibirica) (15 males and 15 females)were sampled from Longkou Forest Farm of Tonghe in Xiaoxing’an Mountains in winter. For each individual, 5 guard hairs from the mid-back and 5 upper...Thirty Siberian weasels (Mustela Sibirica) (15 males and 15 females)were sampled from Longkou Forest Farm of Tonghe in Xiaoxing’an Mountains in winter. For each individual, 5 guard hairs from the mid-back and 5 upper-hairs from the hind-claw were collected and subjected to morphological examination of scale pattern using electron scanning microscopy. All the hairs were measured for indices including hair length, medulla length, hair follicle length, hair diameter, medulla diameter,and hair root diameter using biological microscope system H6303i, and then medulla length index (ratio of medulla length to hair length) and medulla index (ratio of medulla diameter to hair diameter) were calculated. The statistical results showed that the length of guard hairs from the mid-back was 33.50±0.52 mm in males and 28.85±0.28 mm in females, the average of medulla length index was 95.36% in males and 95.16% in females, and the average of medulla index was 79.41% in male and 80.68% in females. All these indices were significantly larger than those of upper-hairs from hind-claw (P<0.05). Such morphological structure characters of guard hairs from mid-back favor heat insulation properties and those of upper-hair from hind-claw enhance the function of protection.The for the upper-hair from the hind-claw, the hair follicle length was 0.91±0.05 mm in male and 0.79±0.10 mm in female, hair root diameter was 86.0±3.7μm in male and 71.9±3.1μm in female, the ratio of the length with irregular-wave scales and regular imbricate scales to the hair length is 100% in both male and female. All these indices were significantly larger than those of guard hairs from the mid-back (P<0.05) and such morphological structure characters enhance the function of protection further. The functional differentiation between guard hairs from mid-back and upper-hairs from hind-claw make the weasels more adaptable to a cold environment with complex vegetation form.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Basic Research in National Non-profit Scientific Research Institute(Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute)(1610322012010)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the microscopic structure of rabbit hair. [Method] Single rabbit hair with typical features was selected to observe its mi- croscopic structure from tip to root, and its fiber diameter was also measured. [Result] The rabbit hair tip was constituted by scale layer and cortical layer, without medullary layer; the middle part was generally constituted by scale layer, cortical layer and medullary layer; the root had no medullary layer, and the scale layer was wheatear-shaped. This was the property of rabbit hair, which could be used for comparative studies with other animal fiber and species identification. Rabbit hair had developed medullary layer, and fiber diameter was positively related to column number of medullary cavity. The hair generally was single column, and coarse hair was multi-column. Single rabbit hair was the finest in the tip, coarse in the middle and tapering in the root. The diameter difference of various parts was large, and the ex- ternal growth characteristics was spindle-shaped. [Conclusion] Using biological micro- scope method to identify different animal fur and product species is more objective and simple.
基金the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities,China(No.2232013D3-02)
文摘The morphology, bending property and secondary structure estimation of dog hair were investigated by scanning electron microscope( SEM),fiber compression bending analyzer,fiber frictional coefficient tester and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR). The SEM micrograph of hair indicated guard hair( GH),intermediate hair( IH) and underhair( UH) from dog hair fibers displayed considerable differences in the diameter,length,scale shape and medulla. In addition,the bending property of fibers were related to the diameter of fibers and the percentage and structure of medulla. The UH had the greatest frictional coefficient,while the guard hair had the largest bending rigidity in three kinds of hairs. The analysis of amide I region implied that there was an apparent variety in the secondary structure of hairs,mainly the percentage of α-helix and β-pleated sheet and β-turn structure. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the crystallinity of the UH was the lowest in the three kinds of fibers. The tensile behaviors of dog hair also indicated that the increase of β-pleated and β-turn structure caused the increase of the breaking strength.
基金This work is partially supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2018YFE0100900)the China Young 1000 Talent Programthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘We introduce Hair-GAN,an architecture of generative adversarial networks,to recover the 3D hair structure from a single image.The goal of our networks is to build a parametric transformation from 2D hair maps to 3D hair structure.The 3D hair structure is represented as a 3D volumetric field which encodes both the occupancy and the orientation information of the hair strands.Given a single hair image,we first align it with a bust model and extract a set of 2D maps encoding the hair orientation information in 2D,along with the bust depth map to feed into our Hair-GAN.With our generator network,we compute the 3D volumetric field as the structure guidance for the final hair synthesis.The modeling results not only resemble the hair in the input image but also possesses many vivid details in other views.The efficacy of our method is demonstrated by using a variety of hairstyles and comparing with the prior art.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant no.52005355]Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China[Grant no.2020M671575]+2 种基金Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education),Jilin University[Grant no.KF20200004]Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics of Jiangsu Provience[Grant no.JAR201901]Natural Natural Science Research Project of Higher Education of Jiangsu Province[Grant no.20KJB460007].
文摘Venus flytrap can sense the very small insects that touch its tactile receptors,known as trigger hairs,and thus capture prey to maintain its nutrient demand.However,there are few studies on the trigger hair and its morphological structure and material properties are not fully understood.In this study,the trigger hair is systematically characterized with the help of diff erent instruments.Results show that trigger hair is a special cantilever beam structure and it has a large longitudinal diameter ratio.Besides,it is composed of a hair lever and a basal podium,and there is a notch near the hair base.The crosssection of the trigger hair is approximately a honeycomb structure,which is composed of many holes.Methods to measure mechanical properties of trigger hair are introduced in this paper.Based on the mechanical tests,trigger hair proved to be a variable stiff ness structure and shows a high sensitivity to the external force.These features can provide supports for the understanding of the high-sensitivity sensing mechanism of trigger hairs from the perspective of structure and material,and off er inspirations for the development of high-performance tactile sensors.
文摘Thirty Siberian weasels (Mustela Sibirica) (15 males and 15 females)were sampled from Longkou Forest Farm of Tonghe in Xiaoxing’an Mountains in winter. For each individual, 5 guard hairs from the mid-back and 5 upper-hairs from the hind-claw were collected and subjected to morphological examination of scale pattern using electron scanning microscopy. All the hairs were measured for indices including hair length, medulla length, hair follicle length, hair diameter, medulla diameter,and hair root diameter using biological microscope system H6303i, and then medulla length index (ratio of medulla length to hair length) and medulla index (ratio of medulla diameter to hair diameter) were calculated. The statistical results showed that the length of guard hairs from the mid-back was 33.50±0.52 mm in males and 28.85±0.28 mm in females, the average of medulla length index was 95.36% in males and 95.16% in females, and the average of medulla index was 79.41% in male and 80.68% in females. All these indices were significantly larger than those of upper-hairs from hind-claw (P<0.05). Such morphological structure characters of guard hairs from mid-back favor heat insulation properties and those of upper-hair from hind-claw enhance the function of protection.The for the upper-hair from the hind-claw, the hair follicle length was 0.91±0.05 mm in male and 0.79±0.10 mm in female, hair root diameter was 86.0±3.7μm in male and 71.9±3.1μm in female, the ratio of the length with irregular-wave scales and regular imbricate scales to the hair length is 100% in both male and female. All these indices were significantly larger than those of guard hairs from the mid-back (P<0.05) and such morphological structure characters enhance the function of protection further. The functional differentiation between guard hairs from mid-back and upper-hairs from hind-claw make the weasels more adaptable to a cold environment with complex vegetation form.
