Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery is a promising candidate for next generation high energy density and high safety power supply.Despite intensive efforts on electrolytes,uncontrolled interfacial reactions on lit...Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery is a promising candidate for next generation high energy density and high safety power supply.Despite intensive efforts on electrolytes,uncontrolled interfacial reactions on lithium with electrolyte and patchy interfacial contacts still hinder its practical process.Herein,we bring in rationally designed F contained groups into polymer skeleton via in-situ gelation for the first time to establish quasi-solid-state battery.This method achieves a capacity retention of 90%after 1000 cycles at 0.5C with LiFePO_(4)cathodes.The interface constructed by polymer skeleton and reaction with–CF_(3)lead to the predicted solid electrolyte interface species with high stability.Furthermore,we optimize molecular reactivity and interface stability with regulating F contained end groups in the polymer.Comparisons on different structures reveal that high performance solid stable lithium metal batteries rely on chemical modification as well as stable polymer skeleton,which is more critical to construct robust and steady SEI with uniform lithium deposition.New approach with functional groups regulation proposes a more stable cycling process with a capacity retention of 94.2%at 0.5C and 87.6%at 1C after 1000 cycles with LiFePO_(4) cathodes,providing new insights for the practical development of quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery.展开更多
The interface reaction between the SiC particles （ SiCp ） and Fe was stndicd during sintering the SiCp reinforced Fe matrix composites at 1423 K for 1 h. In the composite having 3wt% （weight ratio） SiCp （the 3SiC...The interface reaction between the SiC particles （ SiCp ） and Fe was stndicd during sintering the SiCp reinforced Fe matrix composites at 1423 K for 1 h. In the composite having 3wt% （weight ratio） SiCp （the 3SiCp/ Fe composite）, the interface reaction products of Fe3 Si, the carbon precipitates, and Fe3 C or pearlite were generated. Fe3 Si coustructs the bright matrix of the reaction zone in the original situation of the SiCp. The carbon precipitates are randondy embedded in the reaction zone. Fe3 C or pearlite exists at the grain boundaries of the Fe matrix. As increasing the SiCp concentration in the SiCp/ Fe composite, the inteusity of the interface reaction between SiCp and Fe iacreases. After the 10SiCp/ Fe composite （ having 10wt .% SiCp ） sintered at 1423 K for 1 h, all of SiCp are decomposed, and replaced by the reaction zone composed of Fe3 Si and the carbon precipitates. No Fe3 C or pearlite was genertaed during the reaction. The effects of the techniques of oxidizing of SiCp , coating SiCp by interaction with the Cr powder, and alloying the Fe matrix by adding the Cr element on the interface stability of the SiCp/ Fe composite system were also investigated, respectitely. The oxide membrane and the coating layer on SiCp can inhibit the interface reaction between SiCp and Fe by isolating SiCp from the Fe matrix during sintering. The interface reaction does not occur in the 3 SiCp/ Fe- 10 Cr composite but in the 3 SiCp/ Fe-5 Cr composite. In the SiCp/ Fe-Cr alloy composites, the interface reaction between SiCp and the Fe- Cr alloys is weaker than that between SiCp and Fe . The Cr element behaves as a diluent, it causes a redaction in the interface reaction, which is proportional to the amount of the element added.展开更多
A method to predict the solid-liquid interface stability during unidirectional solidification is developed by coupling M-S model with CALPHAD method. The method was applied to AI-0.38 Zn and AI-0.34 Si-0.14 Mg (wt pct...A method to predict the solid-liquid interface stability during unidirectional solidification is developed by coupling M-S model with CALPHAD method. The method was applied to AI-0.38 Zn and AI-0.34 Si-0.14 Mg (wt pct) alloys, and the predicted results were compared with some former experimental data of the two alloys. The good agreement between the calculation results and the experimental data demonstrates the superiority of the present method to the classical one based on constant parameter assumptions.展开更多
Layered oxide cathodes with high Ni content promise high energy density and competitive cost for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,Ni-rich cathodes suffer from irreversible interface reconstruction and undesirable cracki...Layered oxide cathodes with high Ni content promise high energy density and competitive cost for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,Ni-rich cathodes suffer from irreversible interface reconstruction and undesirable cracking with severe performance degradation upon long-term operation,especially at elevated temperatures.Herein,we demonstrate in situ surface engineering of Ni-rich cathodes to construct a dual ion/electron-conductive NiTiO 3 coating layer and Ti gradient doping(NC90–Ti@NTO)in parallel.The dual-modification synergy helps to build a thin,robust cathode–electrolyte interface with rapid Li-ion transport and enhanced reaction kinetics,and effec-tively prevents unfavorable crystalline phase transformation during long-term cycling under harsh environments.The optimized NC90–Ti@NTO delivers a high reversible capacity of 221.0 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1C and 158.9 mAh g^(-1) at 10C.Impressively,it exhibits a capacity retention of 88.4%at 25?C after 500 cycles and 90.7%at 55?C after 300 cycles in a pouch-type full battery.This finding provides viable clues for stabilizing the lattice and interfacial chemistry of Ni-rich cathodes to achieve durable LIBs with high energy density.展开更多
Silicon(Si)is a competitive anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential.Recently,the prospect of Si anodes in solid-state batteries(SSBs)has been proposed due to less solid ...Silicon(Si)is a competitive anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential.Recently,the prospect of Si anodes in solid-state batteries(SSBs)has been proposed due to less solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation and particle pulverization.However,major challenges arise for Si anodes in SSBs at elevated temperatures.In this work,the failure mechanisms of Si-Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl(LPSC)composite anodes above 80℃are thoroughly investigated from the perspectives of interface stability and(electro)chemo-mechanical effect.The chemistry and growth kinetics of Lix Si|LPSC interphase are demonstrated by combining electrochemical,chemical and computational characterizations.Si and/or Si–P compound formed at Lix Si|LPSC interface prove to be detrimental to interface stability at high temperatures.On the other hand,excessive volume expansion and local stress caused by Si lithiation at high temperatures damage the mechanical structure of Si-LPSC composite anodes.This work elucidates the behavior and failure mechanisms of Si-based anodes in SSBs at high temperatures and provides insights into upgrading Si-based anodes for application in SSBs.展开更多
The well cementing is important during the extended reach well drilling and the completion, whereas the displacement efficiency and the interface stability are important to guarantee the success of the cementing. In t...The well cementing is important during the extended reach well drilling and the completion, whereas the displacement efficiency and the interface stability are important to guarantee the success of the cementing. In this paper, the interface stability of the cement slurry is simulated using the computational fluid dynamics software. The calculation results indicate that during the displacement, the length of the displacement interface increases with the increase of the deviation angle. The larger the eccentricity, the more significant the velocity difference, along with a longer displacement interface length, a less stable interface, and a lower displacement efficiency. Therefore, to guarantee the cementing quality and maintain a high displacement efficiency, the eccentricity should be controlled within 0.5. Application of a casing centralizer will dramatically improve the interface stability, decrease the dilution zone length of the interface and thus, is beneficial to the slurry cementing and displacement. The simulations are verified with an average absolute deviation less than 3.76% and the 45？ helix angle of the rigid centralizer is recommended. Combining the data of an extended reach well on-site, methods are proposed for improving the displacement efficiency and the interface stability during the well cementing and displacement with complex boreholes. These numerical methods can be used to provide some theoretical guidance for designing the cementing of an extended reach well.展开更多
Increasing the density and thickness of electrodes is required to maximize the volumetric energy density of lithium-ion batteries for practical applications.However,dense and thick electrodes,especially highmass-conte...Increasing the density and thickness of electrodes is required to maximize the volumetric energy density of lithium-ion batteries for practical applications.However,dense and thick electrodes,especially highmass-content(>50 wt%) silicon anodes,have poor mechanical stability due to the presence of a large number of unstable interfaces between the silicon and conducting components during cycling.Here we report a network of mechanically robust carbon cages produced by the capillary shrinkage of graphene hydrogels that can contain the silicon nanoparticles in the cages and stabilize the silicon/carbon interfaces.In situ transmission electron microscope characterizations including compression and tearing of the structure and lithiation-induced silicon expansion experiments,have provided insight into the excellent confinement and buffering ability of this interface-strengthened graphene-caged silicon nanoparticle anode material.Consequently,a dense and thick silicon anode with reduced thickness fluctuations has been shown to deliver both high volumetric(>1000 mAh cm^-3) and areal(>6 mAh cm^-2)capacities together with excellent cycling capability.展开更多
A model is developed based on the time-related thermal diffusion equations to investigate the effects of twodimensional shear flow on the stability of a crystal interface in the supercooled melt of a pure substance. S...A model is developed based on the time-related thermal diffusion equations to investigate the effects of twodimensional shear flow on the stability of a crystal interface in the supercooled melt of a pure substance. Similar to the three-dimensional shear flow as described in our previous paper, the two-dimensional shear flow can also be found to reduce the growth rate of perturbation amplitude. However, compared with the case of the Laplace equation for a steady-state thermal diffusion field, due to the existence of time partial derivatives of the temperature fields in the diffusion equation the absolute value of the gradients of the temperature fields increases, therefore destabilizing the interface. The circular interface is more unstable than in the case of Laplace equation without time partial derivatives. The critical stability radius of the crystal interface increases with shearing rate increasing. The stability effect of shear flow decreases remarkably with the increase of melt undercooling.展开更多
The stability equation of interface of two-phase jet and the corresponding particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio equation are derived by means of the phase-coupled model. The stability nares of interface of two-phas...The stability equation of interface of two-phase jet and the corresponding particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio equation are derived by means of the phase-coupled model. The stability nares of interface of two-phase jet for different particle properties and the corresponding particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio curves are given out through numerical computation. Further, several important conclusions on effect of particle property on growth and propagation of disturbance of interface of two-phase jet and particle disturbance property me presented on the basis of analyses of the obtained stability curves and particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio curves. These important conclusions can play a guiding role in studying development of two-phase jet and executing artificial controls over it in project practice.展开更多
From the macroscopic point of view, expressions involving reservoir and operational parameters are established for investigating the stability of moving interface in piston- and non-piston-like displacements. In the c...From the macroscopic point of view, expressions involving reservoir and operational parameters are established for investigating the stability of moving interface in piston- and non-piston-like displacements. In the case of axisymmetrical piston-like displacement, the stability is related to the moving interface position and water to oil mobility ratio. The capillary effect on the stability of moving interface depends on whether or not the moving interface is already stable and correlates with the wettability of the reservoir rock. In the case of non-piston-like displacement, the stability of the front is governed by both the relative permeability and the mobility ratio.展开更多
Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are highly promising for realizing high-capacity,low-cost,and safe Li metal batteries.However,the Li dendritic growth and side reactions between Li and SPEs also plague these systems.He...Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are highly promising for realizing high-capacity,low-cost,and safe Li metal batteries.However,the Li dendritic growth and side reactions between Li and SPEs also plague these systems.Herein,a fluorinated lithium salt coating(FC)with organic-inorganic gradient and soft–rigid feature is introduced on Li surface as an artificial protective layer by the in-situ reaction between Li metal and fluorinated carboxylic acid.The FC layer can improve the interface stability and wettability between Li and SPEs,assist the transport of Li ions,and guide Li nucleation,contributing to a dendrite-free Li deposition and long-lifespan Li metal batteries.The symmetric cell with FC-Li anodes exhibits a high areal capacity of 1 mAh cm^(-2)at 0.5 mA cm^(-2),and an ultra-long lifespan of 2000 h at a current density of 0.1 mA cm^(-2).Moreover,the full cell paired with the LiFePO4 cathode exhibits improved cycling stability,remaining 83.7%capacity after 500 cycles at 1 C.When matching with the S cathode,the FC layer can prevent the shuttle effect,contributing to stable and high-capacity Li–S battery.This work provided a promising way for the construction of stable all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with prolonged lifespan.展开更多
The interfacial microstructures and configurations directly affect the comprehensive properties of the composites,but their interfacial adhesion mechanism is complicated to expound by experimental methods.In this work...The interfacial microstructures and configurations directly affect the comprehensive properties of the composites,but their interfacial adhesion mechanism is complicated to expound by experimental methods.In this work,based on the stacking sequence of the Mg/Mg_(2)Y interface models,nine different Mg/Mg_(2)Y interface configurations with top site,bridge site,and hollow site(HCP)under Mg1,Mg_(2),and Y terminations were successfully constructed and systematically explored by first-principles calculations.The results showed that the Mg_(2)Y(0001)surface with Y termination is the most stable when the yttrium chemical potential()is less than-1.09 eV;otherwise,Mg_(2)Y(0001)surface with Mg1 termination is the most stable.The seven-layer Mg(0001)and eleven-layer Mg_(2)Y(0001)slabs are employed to reflect the bulk-like interior properties.Additionally,the Mg(0001)/Mg_(2)Y(0001)with the Y-HCP stacking has the largest interface thermodynamic stability with the value of 2.383 J/m^(2) in all interface configurations owing to its largest work of adhesion.In addition,the interfacial energy of Y-HCP stacking is significantly smaller than those of Mg1-HCP when is approximately less than-0.55 eV,showing that it is more stable.The thermodynamic stability of Mg/Mg_(2)Y with Y-HCP is due to Mg-Y chemical bonds formed between Mg and Y atoms.Lastly,the Mg/Mg_(2)Y interfaces are strong interfaces based on the Griffith fracture theory.展开更多
Solid-state electrolyte Li_(10)GeP_(2)S_(12)(LGPS)has a high lithium ion conductivity of 12 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature,but its inferior chemical stability against lithium metal anode impedes its practical applicati...Solid-state electrolyte Li_(10)GeP_(2)S_(12)(LGPS)has a high lithium ion conductivity of 12 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature,but its inferior chemical stability against lithium metal anode impedes its practical application.Among all solutions,Ge atom substitution of the solid-state electrolyte LGPS stands out as the most promising solution to this interface problem.A systematic screening framework for Ge atom substitution including ionic conductivity,thermodynamic stability,electronic and mechanical properties is utilized to solve it.For fast screening,an enhanced model Dop Net FC using chemical formulas for the dataset is adopted to predict ionic conductivity.Finally,Li_(10)SrP_(2)S_(12)(LSrPS)is screened out,which has high lithium ion conductivity(12.58 mS cm^(-1)).In addition,an enhanced migration of lithium ion across the LSr PS/Li interface is found.Meanwhile,compared to the LGPS/Li interface,LSrPS/Li interface exhibits a larger Schottky barrier(0.134 eV),smaller electron transfer region(3.103?),and enhanced ability to block additional electrons,all of which contribute to the stabilized interface.The applied theoretical atom substitution screening framework with the aid of machine learning can be extended to rapid determination of modified specific material schemes.展开更多
The solutions of temperature and solute fields around a spherical crystal growing from a binary melt under the far-field flow are obtained.Based on the results,a linear stability analysis on the spherical interface gr...The solutions of temperature and solute fields around a spherical crystal growing from a binary melt under the far-field flow are obtained.Based on the results,a linear stability analysis on the spherical interface growing from the binary melt under the far-field flow is performed.It is found that the constitutional supercooling effect ahead of the spherical crystal interface under the far-field flow is enhanced compared with that without the flow.The growth rate of the perturbation amplitude at the up-wind side of the spherical crystal interface is larger than that at the down-wind side.The critical stability radius of the crystal interface decreases with the increasing far-field flow velocity.Under the far-field flow,the whole spherical interface becomes more unstable compared with that without the flow.展开更多
Solid-state metal-air batteries have emerged as a research hotspot due to their high energy density and high safety.Moreover,side reactions caused by infiltrated gases(O_(2),H_(2)O,or CO_(2))and safety issues caused b...Solid-state metal-air batteries have emerged as a research hotspot due to their high energy density and high safety.Moreover,side reactions caused by infiltrated gases(O_(2),H_(2)O,or CO_(2))and safety issues caused by liquid electrolyte leakage will be eliminated radically.However,the solid-state metal–air battery is still in its infancy,and many thorny problems still need to be solved,such as the large resistance of the metal/electrolyte interface and catalyst design.This review will summarize some important progress and key issues for solid-state metal-air batteries,especially the lithium-,sodium-,and zinc-based metal-air batteries,clarify some core issues,and forecast the future direction of the solid-state metal-air batteries.展开更多
All-solid Na-ion batteries(ASNIBs)present significant potential for integration into large-scale energy storage systems,capitalizing on their abundant raw materials,exemplary safety,and high energy density.Among the p...All-solid Na-ion batteries(ASNIBs)present significant potential for integration into large-scale energy storage systems,capitalizing on their abundant raw materials,exemplary safety,and high energy density.Among the pivotal components propelling the advancement of ASNIBs,inorganic solid electrolytes(ISEs)have garnered substantial attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity(σ),wide electrochemical stability window(ESW),and high shear modulus.Herein,this review systematically encapsulates the latest strides in Na-ion ISEs,furnishing a comprehensive panorama of various ISE systems along with their interface engineering strategies against the electrodes.The prime focus resides in accentuating key strategies for refining ion conduction properties and interfacial compatibility of ISEs through structure design and interface modification.Furthermore,the review explores the foremost challenges and prospects inherent to sodium-ion ISEs,striving to deepen our understanding of how to engineer more robust and efficient ISEs and interface stability,poised for the forthcoming era of advanced ASNIBs.展开更多
With the advantages of similar theoretical basis to lithium batteries,relatively low budget and the abundance of sodium resources,sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are recognized as the most competitive alternative to lithium...With the advantages of similar theoretical basis to lithium batteries,relatively low budget and the abundance of sodium resources,sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are recognized as the most competitive alternative to lithium-ion batteries.Among various types of cathodes for SIBs,advan-tages of high theoretical capacity,nontoxic and facile synthesis are introduced for layered transition metal oxide cathodes and therefore they have attracted huge attention.Nevertheless,layered oxide cathodes suffer from various degradation issues.Among these issues,interface instability including surface residues,phase transitions,loss of active transition metal and oxygen loss takes up the major part of the degra-dation of layered oxides.These degradation mechanisms usually lead to irreversible structure collapse and cracking generation,which signifi-cantly influence the interface stability and electrochemical performance of layered cathodes.This review briefly introduces the background of researches on layered cathodes for SIBs and their basic structure types.Then the origins and effects on layered cathodes of degradation mech-anisms are systematically concluded.Finally,we will summarize various interface modification methods including surface engineering,doping modification and electrolyte composition which are aimed to improve interface stability of layered cathodes,perspectives of future research on layered cathodes are mentioned to provide some theoretical proposals.展开更多
Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)based gel polymer electrolytes are widely studied owing to their electrochemical stability and high dielectric constant.However,most gel polymer electrolytes sh...Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)based gel polymer electrolytes are widely studied owing to their electrochemical stability and high dielectric constant.However,most gel polymer electrolytes show unsatisfied safety and interface compatibility due to excessive absorption of volatile and flammable liquid solvents.Herein,by using a safe solvent(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone)with higher boiling(203℃)and flash points(95℃),we initiatively fabricate a flexible PVDF-HFP based gel polymer electrolyte.The obtained gel polymer electrolyte demonstrates a high ionic conductivity of 7.24×10^−4 S cm−1,an electrochemical window of 5.2 V,and a high lithium transference number of 0.57.As a result,the synthesized polymer electrolyte exhibits a capacity retention of 70%after 500 cycles at 0.5 C,and a discharge capacity of 86 mAh g−1 even at a high current rate of 10 C for LiFePO4 based Li metal batteries.Moreover,a stable Li plating/stripping for more than 500 h is achieved under 0.1 mAh at both room temperature and 70℃.Our results indicate that the PVDF-HFP polymer electrolyte is promising for manufacturing safe and high-performance Li metal polymer batteries.展开更多
Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Nevertheless,the poor interfacial stability with high-vo...Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Nevertheless,the poor interfacial stability with high-voltage cathode materials(e.g.,LiCoO_(2))restricts its application in high energy density solid-state batteries.Herein,high-voltage stable Li_(3)AlF_(6) protective layer is coated on the surface of LiCoO_(2) particle to improve the performance and investigate the failure mechanism of PEO-based ASSLBs.The phase transition unveils that chemical redox reaction occurs between the highly reactive LiCoO_(2) surface and PEO-based SPE,resulting in structure collapse of LiCoO_(2),hence the poor cycle performance of PEO-based ASSLBs with LiCoO_(2) at charging voltage of 4.2 V vs Li/Li+.By sharp contrast,no obvious structure change can be found at the surface of Li_(3)AlF_(6)-coated LiCoO_(2),and the original layered phase was well retained.When the charging voltage reaches up to 4.5 V vs Li/Li+,the intensive electrochemical decomposition of PEO-based SPE occurs,leading to the constant increase of cell impedance and directly causing the poor performance.This work not only provides important supplement to the failure mechanism of PEO-based batter-ies with LiCoO_(2),but also presents a universal strategy to retain structure stability of cathode-electrolyte interface in high-voltage ASSLBs.展开更多
In this work,the hierarchical CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process with a subsequent annealing process for the first time.The CeO_(2)nanoparticles success...In this work,the hierarchical CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process with a subsequent annealing process for the first time.The CeO_(2)nanoparticles successfully deposit on the surface of CoNiO_(2)nanosheet,and benefit the improvement of electrical contact between CoNiO_(2)and CeO_(2).CeO_(2)modification improve the reversibility of insertion/extraction of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and promotes the transport of Li-ions.Benefited of the unique architecture and component,the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites show high-reversible capacities,excellent cycling stability and good rate capability.The CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)(5.0 wt%)shows a charge/discharge capacity of 867.1/843.2 m Ah g^(-1)after 600 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),but the pristine CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet only delivers a charge/discharge capacity of 516.9/517.6 m Ah g^(-1)after 500 cycles.The first-principles calculation reveals that valid interfaces between CeO_(2)and NiCoO_(2)can be formed,and the formation process of the interfaces is exothermic.The strong interfacial interaction resulting in an excellent structure stability and thus a cycling stability of the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)material.This work provides an effective strategy to develop highperformance anode materials for advanced a lithium-ion battery,and the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet shows a sizeable potential as an anode material for next generation of high-energy Li-ion batteries.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52034011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province(2019RS3002)+1 种基金the Central Universities of Central South University(Grant No.2018zzts133)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2020RC2006).
文摘Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery is a promising candidate for next generation high energy density and high safety power supply.Despite intensive efforts on electrolytes,uncontrolled interfacial reactions on lithium with electrolyte and patchy interfacial contacts still hinder its practical process.Herein,we bring in rationally designed F contained groups into polymer skeleton via in-situ gelation for the first time to establish quasi-solid-state battery.This method achieves a capacity retention of 90%after 1000 cycles at 0.5C with LiFePO_(4)cathodes.The interface constructed by polymer skeleton and reaction with–CF_(3)lead to the predicted solid electrolyte interface species with high stability.Furthermore,we optimize molecular reactivity and interface stability with regulating F contained end groups in the polymer.Comparisons on different structures reveal that high performance solid stable lithium metal batteries rely on chemical modification as well as stable polymer skeleton,which is more critical to construct robust and steady SEI with uniform lithium deposition.New approach with functional groups regulation proposes a more stable cycling process with a capacity retention of 94.2%at 0.5C and 87.6%at 1C after 1000 cycles with LiFePO_(4) cathodes,providing new insights for the practical development of quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.050440704)
文摘The interface reaction between the SiC particles （ SiCp ） and Fe was stndicd during sintering the SiCp reinforced Fe matrix composites at 1423 K for 1 h. In the composite having 3wt% （weight ratio） SiCp （the 3SiCp/ Fe composite）, the interface reaction products of Fe3 Si, the carbon precipitates, and Fe3 C or pearlite were generated. Fe3 Si coustructs the bright matrix of the reaction zone in the original situation of the SiCp. The carbon precipitates are randondy embedded in the reaction zone. Fe3 C or pearlite exists at the grain boundaries of the Fe matrix. As increasing the SiCp concentration in the SiCp/ Fe composite, the inteusity of the interface reaction between SiCp and Fe iacreases. After the 10SiCp/ Fe composite （ having 10wt .% SiCp ） sintered at 1423 K for 1 h, all of SiCp are decomposed, and replaced by the reaction zone composed of Fe3 Si and the carbon precipitates. No Fe3 C or pearlite was genertaed during the reaction. The effects of the techniques of oxidizing of SiCp , coating SiCp by interaction with the Cr powder, and alloying the Fe matrix by adding the Cr element on the interface stability of the SiCp/ Fe composite system were also investigated, respectitely. The oxide membrane and the coating layer on SiCp can inhibit the interface reaction between SiCp and Fe by isolating SiCp from the Fe matrix during sintering. The interface reaction does not occur in the 3 SiCp/ Fe- 10 Cr composite but in the 3 SiCp/ Fe-5 Cr composite. In the SiCp/ Fe-Cr alloy composites, the interface reaction between SiCp and the Fe- Cr alloys is weaker than that between SiCp and Fe . The Cr element behaves as a diluent, it causes a redaction in the interface reaction, which is proportional to the amount of the element added.
基金the State Key Fundamental Research Project(G2000067202-1).
文摘A method to predict the solid-liquid interface stability during unidirectional solidification is developed by coupling M-S model with CALPHAD method. The method was applied to AI-0.38 Zn and AI-0.34 Si-0.14 Mg (wt pct) alloys, and the predicted results were compared with some former experimental data of the two alloys. The good agreement between the calculation results and the experimental data demonstrates the superiority of the present method to the classical one based on constant parameter assumptions.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975074,91834301)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Layered oxide cathodes with high Ni content promise high energy density and competitive cost for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,Ni-rich cathodes suffer from irreversible interface reconstruction and undesirable cracking with severe performance degradation upon long-term operation,especially at elevated temperatures.Herein,we demonstrate in situ surface engineering of Ni-rich cathodes to construct a dual ion/electron-conductive NiTiO 3 coating layer and Ti gradient doping(NC90–Ti@NTO)in parallel.The dual-modification synergy helps to build a thin,robust cathode–electrolyte interface with rapid Li-ion transport and enhanced reaction kinetics,and effec-tively prevents unfavorable crystalline phase transformation during long-term cycling under harsh environments.The optimized NC90–Ti@NTO delivers a high reversible capacity of 221.0 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1C and 158.9 mAh g^(-1) at 10C.Impressively,it exhibits a capacity retention of 88.4%at 25?C after 500 cycles and 90.7%at 55?C after 300 cycles in a pouch-type full battery.This finding provides viable clues for stabilizing the lattice and interfacial chemistry of Ni-rich cathodes to achieve durable LIBs with high energy density.
基金Project supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.22393904)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFB2502200)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission (Grant No.Z221100006722015)the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery Life Cycle Testing and Verification Public Service Platform Project (Grant No.2022-235-224)。
文摘Silicon(Si)is a competitive anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential.Recently,the prospect of Si anodes in solid-state batteries(SSBs)has been proposed due to less solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation and particle pulverization.However,major challenges arise for Si anodes in SSBs at elevated temperatures.In this work,the failure mechanisms of Si-Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl(LPSC)composite anodes above 80℃are thoroughly investigated from the perspectives of interface stability and(electro)chemo-mechanical effect.The chemistry and growth kinetics of Lix Si|LPSC interphase are demonstrated by combining electrochemical,chemical and computational characterizations.Si and/or Si–P compound formed at Lix Si|LPSC interface prove to be detrimental to interface stability at high temperatures.On the other hand,excessive volume expansion and local stress caused by Si lithiation at high temperatures damage the mechanical structure of Si-LPSC composite anodes.This work elucidates the behavior and failure mechanisms of Si-based anodes in SSBs at high temperatures and provides insights into upgrading Si-based anodes for application in SSBs.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Deve-lopment Program of China(973 Program,2015CB251200)the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2016ZX05020-006)the Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University Project(Grant No.IRT_14R58)
文摘The well cementing is important during the extended reach well drilling and the completion, whereas the displacement efficiency and the interface stability are important to guarantee the success of the cementing. In this paper, the interface stability of the cement slurry is simulated using the computational fluid dynamics software. The calculation results indicate that during the displacement, the length of the displacement interface increases with the increase of the deviation angle. The larger the eccentricity, the more significant the velocity difference, along with a longer displacement interface length, a less stable interface, and a lower displacement efficiency. Therefore, to guarantee the cementing quality and maintain a high displacement efficiency, the eccentricity should be controlled within 0.5. Application of a casing centralizer will dramatically improve the interface stability, decrease the dilution zone length of the interface and thus, is beneficial to the slurry cementing and displacement. The simulations are verified with an average absolute deviation less than 3.76% and the 45？ helix angle of the rigid centralizer is recommended. Combining the data of an extended reach well on-site, methods are proposed for improving the displacement efficiency and the interface stability during the well cementing and displacement with complex boreholes. These numerical methods can be used to provide some theoretical guidance for designing the cementing of an extended reach well.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872195)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(51525204)+1 种基金JSPS KAKENHI(20K05281)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2192061)。
文摘Increasing the density and thickness of electrodes is required to maximize the volumetric energy density of lithium-ion batteries for practical applications.However,dense and thick electrodes,especially highmass-content(>50 wt%) silicon anodes,have poor mechanical stability due to the presence of a large number of unstable interfaces between the silicon and conducting components during cycling.Here we report a network of mechanically robust carbon cages produced by the capillary shrinkage of graphene hydrogels that can contain the silicon nanoparticles in the cages and stabilize the silicon/carbon interfaces.In situ transmission electron microscope characterizations including compression and tearing of the structure and lithiation-induced silicon expansion experiments,have provided insight into the excellent confinement and buffering ability of this interface-strengthened graphene-caged silicon nanoparticle anode material.Consequently,a dense and thick silicon anode with reduced thickness fluctuations has been shown to deliver both high volumetric(>1000 mAh cm^-3) and areal(>6 mAh cm^-2)capacities together with excellent cycling capability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50771083 and 50901061)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB610402)+1 种基金the Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in Northwestern Polytechnical University,China (Grant Nos. 02-TZ-2008 and 36-TP-2009)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities,China (Grant No. 08040)
文摘A model is developed based on the time-related thermal diffusion equations to investigate the effects of twodimensional shear flow on the stability of a crystal interface in the supercooled melt of a pure substance. Similar to the three-dimensional shear flow as described in our previous paper, the two-dimensional shear flow can also be found to reduce the growth rate of perturbation amplitude. However, compared with the case of the Laplace equation for a steady-state thermal diffusion field, due to the existence of time partial derivatives of the temperature fields in the diffusion equation the absolute value of the gradients of the temperature fields increases, therefore destabilizing the interface. The circular interface is more unstable than in the case of Laplace equation without time partial derivatives. The critical stability radius of the crystal interface increases with shearing rate increasing. The stability effect of shear flow decreases remarkably with the increase of melt undercooling.
文摘The stability equation of interface of two-phase jet and the corresponding particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio equation are derived by means of the phase-coupled model. The stability nares of interface of two-phase jet for different particle properties and the corresponding particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio curves are given out through numerical computation. Further, several important conclusions on effect of particle property on growth and propagation of disturbance of interface of two-phase jet and particle disturbance property me presented on the basis of analyses of the obtained stability curves and particle-gas disturbance velocity ratio curves. These important conclusions can play a guiding role in studying development of two-phase jet and executing artificial controls over it in project practice.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (2005CB221300)the Innovative Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX-SW-L08)
文摘From the macroscopic point of view, expressions involving reservoir and operational parameters are established for investigating the stability of moving interface in piston- and non-piston-like displacements. In the case of axisymmetrical piston-like displacement, the stability is related to the moving interface position and water to oil mobility ratio. The capillary effect on the stability of moving interface depends on whether or not the moving interface is already stable and correlates with the wettability of the reservoir rock. In the case of non-piston-like displacement, the stability of the front is governed by both the relative permeability and the mobility ratio.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.51772206).
文摘Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are highly promising for realizing high-capacity,low-cost,and safe Li metal batteries.However,the Li dendritic growth and side reactions between Li and SPEs also plague these systems.Herein,a fluorinated lithium salt coating(FC)with organic-inorganic gradient and soft–rigid feature is introduced on Li surface as an artificial protective layer by the in-situ reaction between Li metal and fluorinated carboxylic acid.The FC layer can improve the interface stability and wettability between Li and SPEs,assist the transport of Li ions,and guide Li nucleation,contributing to a dendrite-free Li deposition and long-lifespan Li metal batteries.The symmetric cell with FC-Li anodes exhibits a high areal capacity of 1 mAh cm^(-2)at 0.5 mA cm^(-2),and an ultra-long lifespan of 2000 h at a current density of 0.1 mA cm^(-2).Moreover,the full cell paired with the LiFePO4 cathode exhibits improved cycling stability,remaining 83.7%capacity after 500 cycles at 1 C.When matching with the S cathode,the FC layer can prevent the shuttle effect,contributing to stable and high-capacity Li–S battery.This work provided a promising way for the construction of stable all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with prolonged lifespan.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52225101)the Central Universities of China (2021CDJQY-040)+2 种基金the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (2020B0301030006)the Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions (SKLMT-ZZKT-2022Z01,SKLMT-ZZKT-2022M12)the Chongqing Special Project of Science and Technology Innovation of China (cstc2021yszx-jcyj0007).
文摘The interfacial microstructures and configurations directly affect the comprehensive properties of the composites,but their interfacial adhesion mechanism is complicated to expound by experimental methods.In this work,based on the stacking sequence of the Mg/Mg_(2)Y interface models,nine different Mg/Mg_(2)Y interface configurations with top site,bridge site,and hollow site(HCP)under Mg1,Mg_(2),and Y terminations were successfully constructed and systematically explored by first-principles calculations.The results showed that the Mg_(2)Y(0001)surface with Y termination is the most stable when the yttrium chemical potential()is less than-1.09 eV;otherwise,Mg_(2)Y(0001)surface with Mg1 termination is the most stable.The seven-layer Mg(0001)and eleven-layer Mg_(2)Y(0001)slabs are employed to reflect the bulk-like interior properties.Additionally,the Mg(0001)/Mg_(2)Y(0001)with the Y-HCP stacking has the largest interface thermodynamic stability with the value of 2.383 J/m^(2) in all interface configurations owing to its largest work of adhesion.In addition,the interfacial energy of Y-HCP stacking is significantly smaller than those of Mg1-HCP when is approximately less than-0.55 eV,showing that it is more stable.The thermodynamic stability of Mg/Mg_(2)Y with Y-HCP is due to Mg-Y chemical bonds formed between Mg and Y atoms.Lastly,the Mg/Mg_(2)Y interfaces are strong interfaces based on the Griffith fracture theory.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51806072)。
文摘Solid-state electrolyte Li_(10)GeP_(2)S_(12)(LGPS)has a high lithium ion conductivity of 12 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature,but its inferior chemical stability against lithium metal anode impedes its practical application.Among all solutions,Ge atom substitution of the solid-state electrolyte LGPS stands out as the most promising solution to this interface problem.A systematic screening framework for Ge atom substitution including ionic conductivity,thermodynamic stability,electronic and mechanical properties is utilized to solve it.For fast screening,an enhanced model Dop Net FC using chemical formulas for the dataset is adopted to predict ionic conductivity.Finally,Li_(10)SrP_(2)S_(12)(LSrPS)is screened out,which has high lithium ion conductivity(12.58 mS cm^(-1)).In addition,an enhanced migration of lithium ion across the LSr PS/Li interface is found.Meanwhile,compared to the LGPS/Li interface,LSrPS/Li interface exhibits a larger Schottky barrier(0.134 eV),smaller electron transfer region(3.103?),and enhanced ability to block additional electrons,all of which contribute to the stabilized interface.The applied theoretical atom substitution screening framework with the aid of machine learning can be extended to rapid determination of modified specific material schemes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.50771083 and 50901061)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB610402)+1 种基金the Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU,China(Grants Nos.02-TZ-2008 and 36-TP-2009)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities, China(Grant No.08040)
文摘The solutions of temperature and solute fields around a spherical crystal growing from a binary melt under the far-field flow are obtained.Based on the results,a linear stability analysis on the spherical interface growing from the binary melt under the far-field flow is performed.It is found that the constitutional supercooling effect ahead of the spherical crystal interface under the far-field flow is enhanced compared with that without the flow.The growth rate of the perturbation amplitude at the up-wind side of the spherical crystal interface is larger than that at the down-wind side.The critical stability radius of the crystal interface decreases with the increasing far-field flow velocity.Under the far-field flow,the whole spherical interface becomes more unstable compared with that without the flow.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52004092,51872090Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Funds of Hebei Province,Grant/Award Number:226Z4403G。
文摘Solid-state metal-air batteries have emerged as a research hotspot due to their high energy density and high safety.Moreover,side reactions caused by infiltrated gases(O_(2),H_(2)O,or CO_(2))and safety issues caused by liquid electrolyte leakage will be eliminated radically.However,the solid-state metal–air battery is still in its infancy,and many thorny problems still need to be solved,such as the large resistance of the metal/electrolyte interface and catalyst design.This review will summarize some important progress and key issues for solid-state metal-air batteries,especially the lithium-,sodium-,and zinc-based metal-air batteries,clarify some core issues,and forecast the future direction of the solid-state metal-air batteries.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFB3803505National Natural Scientific Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U21A2080+2 种基金Shanxi Key Research and Development Program,Grant/Award Number:202102060301011Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality,Grant/Award Number:Z200011Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:GJJ2022-03。
文摘All-solid Na-ion batteries(ASNIBs)present significant potential for integration into large-scale energy storage systems,capitalizing on their abundant raw materials,exemplary safety,and high energy density.Among the pivotal components propelling the advancement of ASNIBs,inorganic solid electrolytes(ISEs)have garnered substantial attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity(σ),wide electrochemical stability window(ESW),and high shear modulus.Herein,this review systematically encapsulates the latest strides in Na-ion ISEs,furnishing a comprehensive panorama of various ISE systems along with their interface engineering strategies against the electrodes.The prime focus resides in accentuating key strategies for refining ion conduction properties and interfacial compatibility of ISEs through structure design and interface modification.Furthermore,the review explores the foremost challenges and prospects inherent to sodium-ion ISEs,striving to deepen our understanding of how to engineer more robust and efficient ISEs and interface stability,poised for the forthcoming era of advanced ASNIBs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant no.2022YFB2502000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no.U21A2033251771076)+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (grant nos.2020B1515120049,2021A151-5010332,and 2021A1515010153)R&D Program in Key Areas of Guangdong Province (grant no.2020B0101030005).
文摘With the advantages of similar theoretical basis to lithium batteries,relatively low budget and the abundance of sodium resources,sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are recognized as the most competitive alternative to lithium-ion batteries.Among various types of cathodes for SIBs,advan-tages of high theoretical capacity,nontoxic and facile synthesis are introduced for layered transition metal oxide cathodes and therefore they have attracted huge attention.Nevertheless,layered oxide cathodes suffer from various degradation issues.Among these issues,interface instability including surface residues,phase transitions,loss of active transition metal and oxygen loss takes up the major part of the degra-dation of layered oxides.These degradation mechanisms usually lead to irreversible structure collapse and cracking generation,which signifi-cantly influence the interface stability and electrochemical performance of layered cathodes.This review briefly introduces the background of researches on layered cathodes for SIBs and their basic structure types.Then the origins and effects on layered cathodes of degradation mech-anisms are systematically concluded.Finally,we will summarize various interface modification methods including surface engineering,doping modification and electrolyte composition which are aimed to improve interface stability of layered cathodes,perspectives of future research on layered cathodes are mentioned to provide some theoretical proposals.
基金supported by Special fund of key technology research and development projects(20180201097GX,20180201099GX,20180201096GX)Jilin province science and technology department.The R&D Program of power batteries with low temperature and high energy,Science and Technology Bureau of Changchun(19SS013)+4 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0100500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,and Natural Science Foundation of the Jilin Province Education department(JJKH20190265KJ)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2412019FZ015)Key Subject Construction of Physical Chemistry of Northeast Normal University.
文摘Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)based gel polymer electrolytes are widely studied owing to their electrochemical stability and high dielectric constant.However,most gel polymer electrolytes show unsatisfied safety and interface compatibility due to excessive absorption of volatile and flammable liquid solvents.Herein,by using a safe solvent(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone)with higher boiling(203℃)and flash points(95℃),we initiatively fabricate a flexible PVDF-HFP based gel polymer electrolyte.The obtained gel polymer electrolyte demonstrates a high ionic conductivity of 7.24×10^−4 S cm−1,an electrochemical window of 5.2 V,and a high lithium transference number of 0.57.As a result,the synthesized polymer electrolyte exhibits a capacity retention of 70%after 500 cycles at 0.5 C,and a discharge capacity of 86 mAh g−1 even at a high current rate of 10 C for LiFePO4 based Li metal batteries.Moreover,a stable Li plating/stripping for more than 500 h is achieved under 0.1 mAh at both room temperature and 70℃.Our results indicate that the PVDF-HFP polymer electrolyte is promising for manufacturing safe and high-performance Li metal polymer batteries.
基金We acknowledge financial support from The Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Grant(No.JCYJ20200109140416788)Soft Science Research Project of Guangdong Province(No.2017B030301013)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52102200).
文摘Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Nevertheless,the poor interfacial stability with high-voltage cathode materials(e.g.,LiCoO_(2))restricts its application in high energy density solid-state batteries.Herein,high-voltage stable Li_(3)AlF_(6) protective layer is coated on the surface of LiCoO_(2) particle to improve the performance and investigate the failure mechanism of PEO-based ASSLBs.The phase transition unveils that chemical redox reaction occurs between the highly reactive LiCoO_(2) surface and PEO-based SPE,resulting in structure collapse of LiCoO_(2),hence the poor cycle performance of PEO-based ASSLBs with LiCoO_(2) at charging voltage of 4.2 V vs Li/Li+.By sharp contrast,no obvious structure change can be found at the surface of Li_(3)AlF_(6)-coated LiCoO_(2),and the original layered phase was well retained.When the charging voltage reaches up to 4.5 V vs Li/Li+,the intensive electrochemical decomposition of PEO-based SPE occurs,leading to the constant increase of cell impedance and directly causing the poor performance.This work not only provides important supplement to the failure mechanism of PEO-based batter-ies with LiCoO_(2),but also presents a universal strategy to retain structure stability of cathode-electrolyte interface in high-voltage ASSLBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.U1960107 and 21773060)Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of China(no.2017YFE0124300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.N182304014)
文摘In this work,the hierarchical CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process with a subsequent annealing process for the first time.The CeO_(2)nanoparticles successfully deposit on the surface of CoNiO_(2)nanosheet,and benefit the improvement of electrical contact between CoNiO_(2)and CeO_(2).CeO_(2)modification improve the reversibility of insertion/extraction of Li-ions and electrochemical reaction activity,and promotes the transport of Li-ions.Benefited of the unique architecture and component,the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet composites show high-reversible capacities,excellent cycling stability and good rate capability.The CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)(5.0 wt%)shows a charge/discharge capacity of 867.1/843.2 m Ah g^(-1)after 600 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),but the pristine CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet only delivers a charge/discharge capacity of 516.9/517.6 m Ah g^(-1)after 500 cycles.The first-principles calculation reveals that valid interfaces between CeO_(2)and NiCoO_(2)can be formed,and the formation process of the interfaces is exothermic.The strong interfacial interaction resulting in an excellent structure stability and thus a cycling stability of the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)material.This work provides an effective strategy to develop highperformance anode materials for advanced a lithium-ion battery,and the CoNiO_(2)@CeO_(2)nanosheet shows a sizeable potential as an anode material for next generation of high-energy Li-ion batteries.
